Known to support the OpenLDAP SDK (both 1.x and 2.x), Novell LDAP SDK and the iPlanet (Netscape) SDK.
Complex authorization policies can be implemented by representing the policy with LDAP filters.
Uses extensive caching of LDAP operations via mod_ldap.
Support for LDAP over SSL (requires the Netscape SDK) or TLS (requires the OpenLDAP 2.x SDK or Novell LDAP SDK).

When using mod_auth_basic, this module is invoked via the AuthBasicProvider directive with the ldap value.

mod_ldap mod_auth_basic mod_authz_user mod_authz_groupfile

Contents

Operation
- The Authentication Phase
- The Authorization Phase
The Require Directives
Examples
Using TLS
Using SSL
Exposing Login Information
Using Active Directory
Using Microsoft FrontPage with mod_authnz_ldap
- How It Works
- Caveats

Operation

There are two phases in granting access to a user. The first phase is authentication, in which the mod_authnz_ldap authentication provider verifies that the user's credentials are valid. This is also called the search/bind phase. The second phase is authorization, in which mod_authnz_ldap determines if the authenticated user is allowed access to the resource in question. This is also known as the compare phase.

mod_authnz_ldap registers both an authn_ldap authentication provider and an authz_ldap authorization handler. The authn_ldap authentication provider can be enabled through the AuthBasicProvider directive using the ldap value. The authz_ldap handler extends the Require directive's authorization types by adding ldap-user, ldap-dn and ldap-group values.

The Authentication Phase

During the authentication phase, mod_authnz_ldap searches for an entry in the directory that matches the username that the HTTP client passes. If a single unique match is found, then mod_authnz_ldap attempts to bind to the directory server using the DN of the entry plus the password provided by the HTTP client. Because it does a search, then a bind, it is often referred to as the search/bind phase. Here are the steps taken during the search/bind phase.

Generate a search filter by combining the attribute and filter provided in the AuthLDAPURL directive with the username passed by the HTTP client.
Search the directory using the generated filter. If the search does not return exactly one entry, deny or decline access.
Fetch the distinguished name of the entry retrieved from the search and attempt to bind to the LDAP server using that DN and the password passed by the HTTP client. If the bind is unsuccessful, deny or decline access.

The following directives are used during the search/bind phase

AuthLDAPURL	Specifies the LDAP server, the base DN, the attribute to use in the search, as well as the extra search filter to use.
AuthLDAPBindDN	An optional DN to bind with during the search phase.
AuthLDAPBindPassword	An optional password to bind with during the search phase.

The Authorization Phase

During the authorization phase, mod_authnz_ldap attempts to determine if the user is authorized to access the resource. Many of these checks require mod_authnz_ldap to do a compare operation on the LDAP server. This is why this phase is often referred to as the compare phase. mod_authnz_ldap accepts the following Require directives to determine if the credentials are acceptable:

Grant access if there is a Require ldap-user directive, and the username in the directive matches the username passed by the client.
Grant access if there is a Require ldap-dn directive, and the DN in the directive matches the DN fetched from the LDAP directory.
Grant access if there is a Require ldap-group directive, and the DN fetched from the LDAP directory (or the username passed by the client) occurs in the LDAP group or, potentially, in one of its sub-groups.
Grant access if there is a Require ldap-attribute directive, and the attribute fetched from the LDAP directory matches the given value.
Grant access if there is a Require ldap-filter directive, and the search filter successfully finds a single user object that matches the dn of the authenticated user.
otherwise, deny or decline access

Other Require values may also be used which may require loading additional authorization modules.

Grant access to all successfully authenticated users if there is a Require valid-user directive. (requires mod_authz_user)
Grant access if there is a Require group directive, and mod_authz_groupfile has been loaded with the AuthGroupFile directive set.
others...

mod_authnz_ldap uses the following directives during the compare phase:

AuthLDAPURL	The attribute specified in the URL is used in compare operations for the `Require ldap-user` operation.
AuthLDAPCompareDNOnServer	Determines the behavior of the `Require ldap-dn` directive.
AuthLDAPGroupAttribute	Determines the attribute to use for comparisons in the `Require ldap-group` directive.
AuthLDAPGroupAttributeIsDN	Specifies whether to use the user DN or the username when doing comparisons for the `Require ldap-group` directive.
AuthLDAPMaxSubGroupDepth	Determines the maximum depth of sub-groups that will be evaluated during comparisons in the `Require ldap-group` directive.
AuthLDAPSubGroupAttribute	Determines the attribute to use when obtaining sub-group members of the current group during comparisons in the `Require ldap-group` directive.
AuthLDAPSubGroupClass	Specifies the LDAP objectClass values used to identify if queried directory objects really are group objects (as opposed to user objects) during the `Require ldap-group` directive's sub-group processing.

The Require Directives

Apache's Require directives are used during the authorization phase to ensure that a user is allowed to access a resource. mod_authnz_ldap extends the authorization types with ldap-user, ldap-dn, ldap-group, ldap-attribute and ldap-filter. Other authorization types may also be used but may require that additional authorization modules be loaded.

Require ldap-user

The Require ldap-user directive specifies what usernames can access the resource. Once mod_authnz_ldap has retrieved a unique DN from the directory, it does an LDAP compare operation using the username specified in the Require ldap-user to see if that username is part of the just-fetched LDAP entry. Multiple users can be granted access by putting multiple usernames on the line, separated with spaces. If a username has a space in it, then it must be surrounded with double quotes. Multiple users can also be granted access by using multiple Require ldap-user directives, with one user per line. For example, with a AuthLDAPURL of ldap://ldap/o=Example?cn (i.e., cn is used for searches), the following Require directives could be used to restrict access:

Require ldap-user "Barbara Jenson"
Require ldap-user "Fred User"
Require ldap-user "Joe Manager"

Because of the way that mod_authnz_ldap handles this directive, Barbara Jenson could sign on as Barbara Jenson, Babs Jenson or any other cn that she has in her LDAP entry. Only the single Require ldap-user line is needed to support all values of the attribute in the user's entry.

If the uid attribute was used instead of the cn attribute in the URL above, the above three lines could be condensed to

Require ldap-user bjenson fuser jmanager

Require ldap-group

This directive specifies an LDAP group whose members are allowed access. It takes the distinguished name of the LDAP group. Note: Do not surround the group name with quotes. For example, assume that the following entry existed in the LDAP directory:

dn: cn=Administrators, o=Example
objectClass: groupOfUniqueNames
uniqueMember: cn=Barbara Jenson, o=Example
uniqueMember: cn=Fred User, o=Example

The following directive would grant access to both Fred and Barbara:

Require ldap-group cn=Administrators, o=Example

Members can also be found within sub-groups of a specified LDAP group if AuthLDAPMaxSubGroupDepth is set to a value greater than 0. For example, assume the following entries exist in the LDAP directory:

dn: cn=Employees, o=Example
objectClass: groupOfUniqueNames
uniqueMember: cn=Managers, o=Example
uniqueMember: cn=Administrators, o=Example
uniqueMember: cn=Users, o=Example

dn: cn=Managers, o=Example
objectClass: groupOfUniqueNames
uniqueMember: cn=Bob Ellis, o=Example
uniqueMember: cn=Tom Jackson, o=Example

dn: cn=Administrators, o=Example
objectClass: groupOfUniqueNames
uniqueMember: cn=Barbara Jenson, o=Example
uniqueMember: cn=Fred User, o=Example

dn: cn=Users, o=Example
objectClass: groupOfUniqueNames
uniqueMember: cn=Allan Jefferson, o=Example
uniqueMember: cn=Paul Tilley, o=Example
uniqueMember: cn=Temporary Employees, o=Example

dn: cn=Temporary Employees, o=Example
objectClass: groupOfUniqueNames
uniqueMember: cn=Jim Swenson, o=Example
uniqueMember: cn=Elliot Rhodes, o=Example

The following directives would allow access for Bob Ellis, Tom Jackson, Barbara Jensen, Fred User, Allan Jefferson, and Paul Tilley but would not allow access for Jim Swenson, or Elliot Rhodes (since they are at a sub-group depth of 2):

Require ldap-group cn=Employees, o-Example
AuthLDAPSubGroupDepth 1

Behavior of this directive is modified by the AuthLDAPGroupAttribute, AuthLDAPGroupAttributeIsDN, AuthLDAPMaxSubGroupDepth, AuthLDAPSubGroupAttribute, and AuthLDAPSubGroupClass directives.

Require ldap-dn

The Require ldap-dn directive allows the administrator to grant access based on distinguished names. It specifies a DN that must match for access to be granted. If the distinguished name that was retrieved from the directory server matches the distinguished name in the Require ldap-dn, then authorization is granted. Note: do not surround the distinguished name with quotes.

The following directive would grant access to a specific DN:

Require ldap-dn cn=Barbara Jenson, o=Example

Behavior of this directive is modified by the AuthLDAPCompareDNOnServer directive.

Require ldap-attribute

The Require ldap-attribute directive allows the administrator to grant access based on attributes of the authenticated user in the LDAP directory. If the attribute in the directory matches the value given in the configuration, access is granted.

The following directive would grant access to anyone with the attribute employeeType = active

Require ldap-attribute employeeType=active

Multiple attribute/value pairs can be specified on the same line separated by spaces or they can be specified in multiple Require ldap-attribute directives. The effect of listing multiple attribute/values pairs is an OR operation. Access will be granted if any of the listed attribute values match the value of the corresponding attribute in the user object. If the value of the attribute contains a space, only the value must be within double quotes.

The following directive would grant access to anyone with the city attribute equal to "San Jose" or status equal to "Active"

Require ldap-attribute city="San Jose" status=active

Require ldap-filter

The Require ldap-filter directive allows the administrator to grant access based on a complex LDAP search filter. If the dn returned by the filter search matches the authenticated user dn, access is granted.

The following directive would grant access to anyone having a cell phone and is in the marketing department

Require ldap-filter &(cell=*)(department=marketing)

The difference between the Require ldap-filter directive and the Require ldap-attribute directive is that ldap-filter performs a search operation on the LDAP directory using the specified search filter rather than a simple attribute comparison. If a simple attribute comparison is all that is required, the comparison operation performed by ldap-attribute will be faster than the search operation used by ldap-filter especially within a large directory.

Examples

Grant access to anyone who exists in the LDAP directory, using their UID for searches. AuthLDAPURL "ldap://ldap1.example.com:389/ou=People, o=Example?uid?sub?(objectClass=*)"
Require valid-user
The next example is the same as above; but with the fields that have useful defaults omitted. Also, note the use of a redundant LDAP server. AuthLDAPURL "ldap://ldap1.example.com ldap2.example.com/ou=People, o=Example"
Require valid-user
The next example is similar to the previous one, but it uses the common name instead of the UID. Note that this could be problematical if multiple people in the directory share the same cn, because a search on cn must return exactly one entry. That's why this approach is not recommended: it's a better idea to choose an attribute that is guaranteed unique in your directory, such as uid. AuthLDAPURL "ldap://ldap.example.com/ou=People, o=Example?cn"
Require valid-user
Grant access to anybody in the Administrators group. The users must authenticate using their UID. AuthLDAPURL ldap://ldap.example.com/o=Example?uid
Require ldap-group cn=Administrators, o=Example
The next example assumes that everyone at Example who carries an alphanumeric pager will have an LDAP attribute of qpagePagerID. The example will grant access only to people (authenticated via their UID) who have alphanumeric pagers: AuthLDAPURL ldap://ldap.example.com/o=Example?uid??(qpagePagerID=*)
Require valid-user
The next example demonstrates the power of using filters to accomplish complicated administrative requirements. Without filters, it would have been necessary to create a new LDAP group and ensure that the group's members remain synchronized with the pager users. This becomes trivial with filters. The goal is to grant access to anyone who has a pager, plus grant access to Joe Manager, who doesn't have a pager, but does need to access the same resource:
AuthLDAPURL ldap://ldap.example.com/o=Example?uid??(|(qpagePagerID=*)(uid=jmanager))
Require valid-user
This last may look confusing at first, so it helps to evaluate what the search filter will look like based on who connects, as shown below. If Fred User connects as fuser, the filter would look like
(&(|(qpagePagerID=*)(uid=jmanager))(uid=fuser))
The above search will only succeed if fuser has a pager. When Joe Manager connects as jmanager, the filter looks like
(&(|(qpagePagerID=*)(uid=jmanager))(uid=jmanager))
The above search will succeed whether jmanager has a pager or not.

Using TLS

To use TLS, see the mod_ldap directives LDAPTrustedClientCert, LDAPTrustedGlobalCert and LDAPTrustedMode.

An optional second parameter can be added to the AuthLDAPURL to override the default connection type set by LDAPTrustedMode. This will allow the connection established by an ldap:// Url to be upgraded to a secure connection on the same port.

Using SSL

To use SSL, see the mod_ldap directives LDAPTrustedClientCert, LDAPTrustedGlobalCert and LDAPTrustedMode.

To specify a secure LDAP server, use ldaps:// in the AuthLDAPURL directive, instead of ldap://.

Exposing Login Information

when this module performs authentication, ldap attributes specified in the authldapurl directive are placed in environment variables with the prefix "AUTHENTICATE_".

when this module performs authorization, ldap attributes specified in the authldapurl directive are placed in environment variables with the prefix "AUTHORIZE_".

If the attribute field contains the username, common name and telephone number of a user, a CGI program will have access to this information without the need to make a second independent LDAP query to gather this additional information.

This has the potential to dramatically simplify the coding and configuration required in some web applications.

Using Active Directory

An Active Directory installation may support multiple domains at the same time. To distinguish users between domains, an identifier called a User Principle Name (UPN) can be added to a user's entry in the directory. This UPN usually takes the form of the user's account name, followed by the domain components of the particular domain, for example somebody@nz.example.com.

You may wish to configure the mod_authnz_ldap module to authenticate users present in any of the domains making up the Active Directory forest. In this way both somebody@nz.example.com and someone@au.example.com can be authenticated using the same query at the same time.

To make this practical, Active Directory supports the concept of a Global Catalog. This Global Catalog is a read only copy of selected attributes of all the Active Directory servers within the Active Directory forest. Querying the Global Catalog allows all the domains to be queried in a single query, without the query spanning servers over potentially slow links.

If enabled, the Global Catalog is an independent directory server that runs on port 3268 (3269 for SSL). To search for a user, do a subtree search for the attribute userPrincipalName, with an empty search root, like so:

AuthLDAPBindDN apache@example.com
AuthLDAPBindPassword password
AuthLDAPURL ldap://10.0.0.1:3268/?userPrincipalName?sub

Users will need to enter their User Principal Name as a login, in the form somebody@nz.example.com.

Using Microsoft FrontPage with mod_authnz_ldap

Normally, FrontPage uses FrontPage-web-specific user/group files (i.e., the mod_authn_file and mod_authz_groupfile modules) to handle all authentication. Unfortunately, it is not possible to just change to LDAP authentication by adding the proper directives, because it will break the Permissions forms in the FrontPage client, which attempt to modify the standard text-based authorization files.

Once a FrontPage web has been created, adding LDAP authentication to it is a matter of adding the following directives to every .htaccess file that gets created in the web

AuthLDAPURL            "the url"
AuthGroupFile mygroupfile
Require group mygroupfile

How It Works

FrontPage restricts access to a web by adding the Require valid-user directive to the .htaccess files. The Require valid-user directive will succeed for any user who is valid as far as LDAP is concerned. This means that anybody who has an entry in the LDAP directory is considered a valid user, whereas FrontPage considers only those people in the local user file to be valid. By substituting the ldap-group with group file authorization, Apache is allowed to consult the local user file (which is managed by FrontPage) - instead of LDAP - when handling authorizing the user.

Once directives have been added as specified above, FrontPage users will be able to perform all management operations from the FrontPage client.

Caveats

When choosing the LDAP URL, the attribute to use for authentication should be something that will also be valid for putting into a mod_authn_file user file. The user ID is ideal for this.
When adding users via FrontPage, FrontPage administrators should choose usernames that already exist in the LDAP directory (for obvious reasons). Also, the password that the administrator enters into the form is ignored, since Apache will actually be authenticating against the password in the LDAP database, and not against the password in the local user file. This could cause confusion for web administrators.
Apache must be compiled with mod_auth_basic, mod_authn_file and mod_authz_groupfile in order to use FrontPage support. This is because Apache will still use the mod_authz_groupfile group file for determine the extent of a user's access to the FrontPage web.
The directives must be put in the .htaccess files. Attempting to put them inside Location or Directory directives won't work. This is because mod_authnz_ldap has to be able to grab the AuthGroupFile directive that is found in FrontPage .htaccess files so that it knows where to look for the valid user list. If the mod_authnz_ldap directives aren't in the same .htaccess file as the FrontPage directives, then the hack won't work, because mod_authnz_ldap will never get a chance to process the .htaccess file, and won't be able to find the FrontPage-managed user file.

AuthLDAPAuthorizePrefix Specifies the prefix for environment variables set during authorization AuthLDAPAuthorizePrefix prefix AuthLDAPAuthorizePrefix AUTHORIZE_ directory.htaccess AuthConfig Available in version 2.3.6 and later

This directive allows you to override the prefix used for environment variables set during LDAP authorization. If AUTHENTICATE_ is specified, consumers of these environment variables see the same information whether LDAP has performed authentication, authorization, or both.

Note No authorization variables are set when a user is authorized on the basis of Require valid-user. AuthLDAPBindAuthoritative Determines if other authentication providers are used when a user can be mapped to a DN but the server cannot successfully bind with the user's credentials. AuthLDAPBindAuthoritativeoff|on AuthLDAPBindAuthoritative on directory.htaccess AuthConfig

By default, subsequent authentication providers are only queried if a user cannot be mapped to a DN, but not if the user can be mapped to a DN and their password cannot be verified with an LDAP bind. If AuthLDAPBindAuthoritative is set to off, other configured authentication modules will have a chance to validate the user if the LDAP bind (with the current user's credentials) fails for any reason.

This allows users present in both LDAP and AuthUserFile to authenticate when the LDAP server is available but the user's account is locked or password is otherwise unusable.

AuthUserFile AuthBasicProvider AuthLDAPInitialBindAsUser Determines if the server does the initial DN lookup using the basic authentication users' own username, instead of anonymously or with hard-coded credentials for the server AuthLDAPInitialBindAsUser off|on AuthLDAPInitialBindAsUser off directory.htaccess AuthConfig Available in version 2.3.6 and later

By default, the server either anonymously, or with a dedicated user and password, converts the basic authentication username into an LDAP distinguished name (DN). This directive forces the server to use the verbatim username and password provided by the incoming user to perform the initial DN search.

If the verbatim username can't directly bind, but needs some cosmetic transformation, see AuthLDAPInitialBindPattern.

This directive should only be used when your LDAP server doesn't accept anonymous searches and you cannot use a dedicated AuthLDAPBindDN.

Not available with authorization-only This directive can only be used if this module authenticates the user, and has no effect when this module is used exclusively for authorization. AuthLDAPInitialBindPattern AuthLDAPBindDN AuthLDAPCompareAsUser AuthLDAPSearchAsUser AuthLDAPInitialBindPattern Specifies the transformation of the basic authentication username to be used when binding to the LDAP server to perform a DN lookup AuthLDAPInitialBindPatternregex substitution AuthLDAPInitialBindPattern (.*) $1 (remote username used verbatim) directory.htaccess AuthConfig Available in version 2.3.6 and later

If AuthLDAPInitialBindAsUser is set to ON, the basic authentication username will be transformed according to the regular expression and substituion arguments.

The regular expression argument is compared against the current basic authentication username. The substitution argument may contain backreferences, but has no other variable interpolation.

This directive should only be used when your LDAP server doesn't accept anonymous searches and you cannot use a dedicated AuthLDAPBindDN.

AuthLDAPInitialBindPattern (.+) $1@example.com AuthLDAPInitialBindPattern (.+) cn=$1,dc=example,dc=com Not available with authorization-only This directive can only be used if this module authenticates the user, and has no effect when this module is used exclusively for authorization. debugging The substituted DN is recorded in the environment variable LDAP_BINDASUSER. If the regular expression does not match the input, the verbatim username is used. AuthLDAPInitialBindAsUser AuthLDAPBindDN AuthLDAPBindDN Optional DN to use in binding to the LDAP server AuthLDAPBindDN distinguished-name directory.htaccess AuthConfig

An optional DN used to bind to the server when searching for entries. If not provided, mod_authnz_ldap will use an anonymous bind.

AuthLDAPBindPassword Password used in conjuction with the bind DN AuthLDAPBindPassword password directory.htaccess AuthConfig

A bind password to use in conjunction with the bind DN. Note that the bind password is probably sensitive data, and should be properly protected. You should only use the AuthLDAPBindDN and AuthLDAPBindPassword if you absolutely need them to search the directory.

AuthLDAPCharsetConfig Language to charset conversion configuration file AuthLDAPCharsetConfig file-path server config

The AuthLDAPCharsetConfig directive sets the location of the language to charset conversion configuration file. File-path is relative to the ServerRoot. This file specifies the list of language extensions to character sets. Most administrators use the provided charset.conv file, which associates common language extensions to character sets.

The file contains lines in the following format:

Language-Extension charset [Language-String] ...

The case of the extension does not matter. Blank lines, and lines beginning with a hash character (#) are ignored.

AuthLDAPCompareAsUser Use the authenticated user's credentials to perform authorization comparisons AuthLDAPCompareAsUser on|off AuthLDAPCompareAsUser off directory.htaccess AuthConfig Available in version 2.3.6 and later

When set, and mod_authnz_ldap has authenticated the user, LDAP comparisons for authorization use the queried distinguished name (DN) and HTTP basic authentication password of the authenticated user instead of the servers configured credentials.

The ldap-attribute, ldap-user, and ldap-group (single-level only) authorization checks use comparisons.

This directive only has effect on the comparisons performed during nested group processing when AuthLDAPSearchAsUser is also enabled.

This directive should only be used when your LDAP server doesn't accept anonymous comparisons and you cannot use a dedicated AuthLDAPBindDN.

AuthLDAPInitialBindAsUser AuthLDAPSearchAsUser AuthLDAPCompareDNOnServer Use the LDAP server to compare the DNs AuthLDAPCompareDNOnServer on|off AuthLDAPCompareDNOnServer on directory.htaccess AuthConfig

When set, mod_authnz_ldap will use the LDAP server to compare the DNs. This is the only foolproof way to compare DNs. mod_authnz_ldap will search the directory for the DN specified with the Require dn directive, then, retrieve the DN and compare it with the DN retrieved from the user entry. If this directive is not set, mod_authnz_ldap simply does a string comparison. It is possible to get false negatives with this approach, but it is much faster. Note the mod_ldap cache can speed up DN comparison in most situations.

AuthLDAPDereferenceAliases When will the module de-reference aliases AuthLDAPDereferenceAliases never|searching|finding|always AuthLDAPDereferenceAliases always directory.htaccess AuthConfig

This directive specifies when mod_authnz_ldap will de-reference aliases during LDAP operations. The default is always.

AuthLDAPGroupAttribute LDAP attributes used to identify the user members of groups. AuthLDAPGroupAttribute attribute AuthLDAPGroupAttribute member uniquemember directory.htaccess AuthConfig

This directive specifies which LDAP attributes are used to check for user members within groups. Multiple attributes can be used by specifying this directive multiple times. If not specified, then mod_authnz_ldap uses the member and uniquemember attributes.

AuthLDAPGroupAttributeIsDN Use the DN of the client username when checking for group membership AuthLDAPGroupAttributeIsDN on|off AuthLDAPGroupAttributeIsDN on directory.htaccess AuthConfig

When set on, this directive says to use the distinguished name of the client username when checking for group membership. Otherwise, the username will be used. For example, assume that the client sent the username bjenson, which corresponds to the LDAP DN cn=Babs Jenson, o=Example. If this directive is set, mod_authnz_ldap will check if the group has cn=Babs Jenson, o=Example as a member. If this directive is not set, then mod_authnz_ldap will check if the group has bjenson as a member.

AuthLDAPMaxSubGroupDepth Specifies the maximum sub-group nesting depth that will be evaluated before the user search is discontinued. AuthLDAPMaxSubGroupDepth Number AuthLDAPMaxSubGroupDepth 10 directory.htaccess AuthConfig Available in version 2.3.0 and later

When this directive is set to a non-zero value X combined with use of the Require ldap-group someGroupDN directive, the provided user credentials will be searched for as a member of the someGroupDN directory object or of any group member of the current group up to the maximum nesting level X specified by this directive.

See the Require ldap-group section for a more detailed example.

AuthLDAPRemoteUserAttribute Use the value of the attribute returned during the user query to set the REMOTE_USER environment variable AuthLDAPRemoteUserAttribute uid none directory.htaccess AuthConfig

If this directive is set, the value of the REMOTE_USER environment variable will be set to the value of the attribute specified. Make sure that this attribute is included in the list of attributes in the AuthLDAPUrl definition, otherwise this directive will have no effect. This directive, if present, takes precedence over AuthLDAPRemoteUserIsDN. This directive is useful should you want people to log into a website using an email address, but a backend application expects the username as a userid.

AuthLDAPRemoteUserIsDN Use the DN of the client username to set the REMOTE_USER environment variable AuthLDAPRemoteUserIsDN on|off AuthLDAPRemoteUserIsDN off directory.htaccess AuthConfig

If this directive is set to on, the value of the REMOTE_USER environment variable will be set to the full distinguished name of the authenticated user, rather than just the username that was passed by the client. It is turned off by default.

AuthLDAPSearchAsUser Use the authenticated user's credentials to perform authorization searches AuthLDAPSearchAsUser on|off AuthLDAPSearchAsUser off directory.htaccess AuthConfig Available in version 2.3.6 and later

When set, and mod_authnz_ldap has authenticated the user, LDAP searches for authorization use the queried distinguished name (DN) and HTTP basic authentication password of the authenticated user instead of the servers configured credentials.

The ldap-filter and ldap-dn authorization checks use searches.

This directive only has effect on the comparisons performed during nested group processing when AuthLDAPCompareAsUser is also enabled.

This directive should only be used when your LDAP server doesn't accept anonymous searches and you cannot use a dedicated AuthLDAPBindDN.

AuthLDAPInitialBindAsUser AuthLDAPCompareAsUser AuthLDAPSubGroupAttribute Specifies the attribute labels, one value per directive line, used to distinguish the members of the current group that are groups. AuthLDAPSubGroupAttribute attribute AuthLDAPSubgroupAttribute member uniquemember directory.htaccess AuthConfig Available in version 2.3.0 and later

An LDAP group object may contain members that are users and members that are groups (called nested or sub groups). The AuthLDAPSubGroupAttribute directive identifies the labels of group members and the AuthLDAPGroupAttribute directive identifies the labels of the user members. Multiple attributes can be used by specifying this directive multiple times. If not specified, then mod_authnz_ldap uses the member and uniqueMember attributes.

AuthLDAPSubGroupClass Specifies which LDAP objectClass values identify directory objects that are groups during sub-group processing. AuthLDAPSubGroupClass LdapObjectClass AuthLDAPSubGroupClass groupOfNames groupOfUniqueNames directory.htaccess AuthConfig Available in version 2.3.0 and later

An LDAP group object may contain members that are users and members that are groups (called nested or sub groups). The AuthLDAPSubGroupAttribute directive identifies the labels of members that may be sub-groups of the current group (as opposed to user members). The AuthLDAPSubGroupClass directive specifies the LDAP objectClass values used in verifying that these potential sub-groups are in fact group objects. Verified sub-groups can then be searched for more user or sub-group members. Multiple attributes can be used by specifying this directive multiple times. If not specified, then mod_authnz_ldap uses the groupOfNames and groupOfUniqueNames values.

AuthLDAPUrl URL specifying the LDAP search parameters AuthLDAPUrl url [NONE|SSL|TLS|STARTTLS] directory.htaccess AuthConfig

An RFC 2255 URL which specifies the LDAP search parameters to use. The syntax of the URL is

ldap://host:port/basedn?attribute?scope?filter

If you want to specify more than one LDAP URL that Apache should try in turn, the syntax is:

AuthLDAPUrl "ldap://ldap1.example.com ldap2.example.com/dc=..."

Caveat: If you specify multiple servers, you need to enclose the entire URL string in quotes; otherwise you will get an error: "AuthLDAPURL takes one argument, URL to define LDAP connection.." You can of course use search parameters on each of these.

ldap

For regular ldap, use the string ldap. For secure LDAP, use ldaps instead. Secure LDAP is only available if Apache was linked to an LDAP library with SSL support.

host:port

The name/port of the ldap server (defaults to localhost:389 for ldap, and localhost:636 for ldaps). To specify multiple, redundant LDAP servers, just list all servers, separated by spaces. mod_authnz_ldap will try connecting to each server in turn, until it makes a successful connection. If multiple ldap servers are specified, then entire LDAP URL must be encapsulated in double quotes.

Once a connection has been made to a server, that connection remains active for the life of the httpd process, or until the LDAP server goes down.

If the LDAP server goes down and breaks an existing connection, mod_authnz_ldap will attempt to re-connect, starting with the primary server, and trying each redundant server in turn. Note that this is different than a true round-robin search.

basedn

The DN of the branch of the directory where all searches should start from. At the very least, this must be the top of your directory tree, but could also specify a subtree in the directory.

attribute

The attribute to search for. Although RFC 2255 allows a comma-separated list of attributes, only the first attribute will be used, no matter how many are provided. If no attributes are provided, the default is to use uid. It's a good idea to choose an attribute that will be unique across all entries in the subtree you will be using. All attributes listed will be put into the environment with an AUTHENTICATE_ prefix for use by other modules.

scope

The scope of the search. Can be either one or sub. Note that a scope of base is also supported by RFC 2255, but is not supported by this module. If the scope is not provided, or if base scope is specified, the default is to use a scope of sub.

filter

A valid LDAP search filter. If not provided, defaults to (objectClass=*), which will search for all objects in the tree. Filters are limited to approximately 8000 characters (the definition of MAX_STRING_LEN in the Apache source code). This should be more than sufficient for any application.

When doing searches, the attribute, filter and username passed by the HTTP client are combined to create a search filter that looks like (&(filter)(attribute=username)).

For example, consider an URL of ldap://ldap.example.com/o=Example?cn?sub?(posixid=*). When a client attempts to connect using a username of Babs Jenson, the resulting search filter will be (&(posixid=*)(cn=Babs Jenson)).

An optional parameter can be added to allow the LDAP Url to override the connection type. This parameter can be one of the following:

NONE: Establish an unsecure connection on the default LDAP port. This is the same as ldap:// on port 389.
SSL: Establish a secure connection on the default secure LDAP port. This is the same as ldaps://
TLS | STARTTLS: Establish an upgraded secure connection on the default LDAP port. This connection will be initiated on port 389 by default and then upgraded to a secure connection on the same port.

See above for examples of AuthLDAPURL URLs.