path: root/README

GnuPG 1.9 is a temporary protect to work on GnuPG extensions.  It will
eventually lead to a GnuPG 2.0 release.

jnlib/  utility functions
assuan/ assuan protocol library
kbx/    keybox library
sm/     the gpgsm program
agent/  the gpg-agent
scd/    the smartcard daemon

Libksba and Libgcrypt are required to build it.  

Assuan and Keybox are both designed to be source include-able.

A texinfo manual `gnupg.info' will get installed.  Some commands and
options given below.


COMMANDS
========

gpgsm:
------

--learn-card

   Read tinformation about the private keys from the smartcard and
   import the certificates from there.

--export

    Export all certificates storein the Keybox or those specified on
    the commandline.  When using --armor a few informational lines are
    prepended before each block.


OPTIONS
=======

gpgsm:
------

--include-certs <n>

  Using N of -2 includes all certificate except for the Root cert,
  -1 includes all certs, 0 does not include any certs, 1 includes only
  the signers cert (this is the default) and all other positives
  values include up to N certs starting with the signer cert.
  
--policy-file <filename>

  Chnage the deault name of the policy file

--enable-policy-checks
--disable-policy-checks

  By default policy checks are enabled.  These options may be used to
  change it.

--enable-crl-checks
--disable-crl-checks

  By default the CRL checks are enabled and the DirMngr is used to
  check for revoked certificates.  The disable option is most useful
  with a off-line connection to suppres this check.

--agent-program <path_to_agent_program>

  Specify an agent program to be used for secret key operations.  The
  default value is "../agent/gpg-agent".  This is only used as a
  fallback when the envrionment varaibale GPG_AGENT_INFO is not set or
  a running agent can't be connected.
  
--dirmngr-program <path_to_dirmgr_program>

  Specify a dirmngr program to be used for CRL checks.  The default
  value is "/usr/sbin/dirmngr".  This is only used as a fallback when
  the envrionment varaibale DIRMNGR_INFO is not set or a running
  dirmngr can't be connected.

--no-secmem-warning

  Don't print the warning "no secure memory"

--armor

  Create PEM ecoded output.  Default is binary output. 

--base64 

  Create Base-64 encoded output; i.e. PEM without the header lines.

--assume-armor

  Assume the input data is PEM encoded.  Default is to autodetect the
  encoding but this is may fail.

--assume-base64

  Assume the input data is plain base-64 encoded.

--assume-binary

  Assume the input data is binary encoded.

--server

  Run in server mode.  This is used by GPGME to control gpgsm.  See
  the assuan specification regarding gpgsm about the used protocol.
  Some options are ignored in server mode.

--local-user  <user_id>

  Set the user to be used for signing.  The default is the first
  secret key found in the database.

--with-key-data

  Displays extra information with the --list-keys commands.  Especiall
  a line tagged "grp" si printed which tells you the keygrip of a
  key.  This is string is for example used as the filename of the
  secret key.



gpg-agent:
---------

--pinentry-program <path_to_pinentry_program>

  Specify the PINentry program.  The default value is
  "../../pinentry/kpinentry/kpinentry" so you most likely want to
  specify it. 

--no-grab

  Tel the pinentry not to grab keybourd and mouse.  You most likely
  want to give this option during testing and development to avoid
  lockups in case of bugs.

                     



FILES
=====

The default home directory is ~/.gnupg.  It can be changed by
either the --homedir option or by seting the environment variable
GNUPGHOME.  This is a list of files usually found in this directory:

gpgsm.conf 

        Options for gpgsm.  Options are the same as the command line
        options but don't enter the leading dashes and give arguments
        without an equal sign.  Blank lines and lines starting with a
        hash mark as the first non whitye space character are ignored.

gpg-agent.conf
        
        Options for gpg-agent

scdaemon.conf

        Options for scdaemon.

dirmngr.conf 

        Options for the DirMngr which is not part of this package and
        the option file wilol most likely be moved to /etc

gpg.conf
        
        Options for gpg.  Note that old versions of gpg use the
        filename `options' instead of `gpg.conf'.

policies.txt

        A list of allowed CA policies.  This file should give the
        object identifiers of the policies line by line.  emptry lines
        and lines startung with a hash mark are ignored.

        ++++++++++
        2.289.9.9  
        ++++++++++

trustlist.txt

        A list of trusted certificates usually maintained by
        gpg-agent.  It can however be edited manually.  The file will
        be created automagically with some explaining comments.

random_seed

        Used internally for keeping the state of the RNG over
        invocations.

pubring.kbx

        The database file with the certificates. 

pubring.gpg

        The database file with the OpenPGP public keys.  This will
        eventually be merged with pubring.kbx

secring.gpg

        The database file with the OpenPGP secret keys.  This will be
        removed when gpg is changed to make use of the gpg-agent.


private-keys-v1.d/

        Directory holding the private keys maintained by gpg-agent.
        For detailed info see agent/keyformat.txt. Note that there is
        a helper tool gpg-protect-tool which may be used to protect or
        unprotect keys.  This is however nothing a user should care
        about.


How to specify a user ID
========================

Due to the way X.509 certificates are made up we need a few new ways
to specify a certificate (aka key in OpenPGP).  In addition to the
ways a user ID can be specified with gpg, I have implemented 3 new
modes for gpgsm, here is the entire list of ways to specify a key:

 * By keyID.

   This format is deducded from the length of the string and its
   content or "0x" prefix. For use with OpenPGP a exclamation mark may
   be appended to force use of the specified (sub)key.

   As with v34 OpenPGP keys, the keyID of an X509 certificate are the
   low 64 bits of the SHA-1 fingerprint.  The use of keyIDs is just a
   shortcut, for all automated processing the fingerprint should be
   used.

   Examples:

       234567C4
       0F34E556E
       01347A56A
       0xAB123456

       234AABBCC34567C4
       0F323456784E56EAB
       01AB3FED1347A5612
       0x234AABBCC34567C4

 * By fingerprint

   This is format is deduced from the length of the string and its
   content or "0x" prefix.  Note, that only the 20 byte fingerprint is
   used with GPGSM (SHA-1 hash of the certificate).  For use with
   OpenPGP a exclamation mark may be appended to force use of the
   specified (sub)key.

   Examples:

       1234343434343434C434343434343434
       123434343434343C3434343434343734349A3434
       0E12343434343434343434EAB3484343434343434
       0xE12343434343434343434EAB3484343434343434

 * Exact match on OpenPGP user ID

   This is denoted by a leading equal sign. It does not make much
   sense for X.509.

   Example:

       =Heinrich Heine <heinrichh@uni-duesseldorf.de>

 * Exact match on an email address.

   This is indicated by enclosing the email address in the usual way
   with left and right angles

   Example:

       <heinrichh@uni-duesseldorf.de>

 * Word match

   All words must match exactly (not case sensitive) but can appear in
   any order in the user ID or a subjects name.  Words are any
   sequences of letters, digits, the underscore and all characters
   with bit 7 set.

   Example:

       +Heinrich Heine duesseldorf

 * [NEW] Exact match by subject's DN

   This is indicated by a leading slash, directly followed by the
   rfc2253 encoded DN of the subject.

   Example:

      /CN=Henrich Heine,O=Poets,L=Paris,C=FR

 * [NEW] Excact match by issuer's DN

   This is indicated by a leading hash mark, directly followed by a
   slash and then directly followed by the rfc2253 encoded DN of the
   issuer.  This should return the Root cert of the issuer

   Example:

      #/CN=Root Cert,O=Poets,L=Paris,C=FR

 * [NEW] Exact match by serial number and subject's DN

   This is indicated by a hash mark, followed by the hexadecmal
   representation of the serial number, the followed by a slahs and
   the RFC2253 encoded DN of the issuer.

   Example:

      #4F03/CN=Root Cert,O=Poets,L=Paris,C=FR

 * Substring match

   By case insensitive substring matching.  This is the default mode
   but applications may want to explicitly indicate this by putting
   the asterisk in front.

   Example:

        Heine
        *Heine


Please note that we have reused the hash mark indentifier which was
used in old GnuPG versions to indicate the so called local-id.  It is
not anymore used and there should be no conflict when used with X.509
stuff.

Using the rfc2253 format of DNs has the drawback that it is not
possible to map them back to the original encoding, however we don't
have to do this, because our key database stores this encoding as meta
data.

Some of the search modes are not yet implemented ;-)


How to import a private key
===========================
There is some limited support to import a private key from a PKCS-12
file.  Note, that this does only import the private key and not any
certificates available in that file. 

 gpg-protect-tool --p12-import --store  foo.p12

This require that the gpg-agent is running, alternative you may give
the passphrase on the commandline using the option "-P <passphrase>" -
however this is in general not a good idea.  If that key already
exists, the protect-tool refuses to store it unless you use the option
"--force". 

How to export a private key
===========================
There is also limited support to export a private key in PKCS-12
format. However the certificate is not stored and there is no MAC applied.

 gpg-protect-tool --p12-export  foo.key  >foo.p12