path: root/sm/certreqgen.c

/* certreqgen.c - Generate a key and a certification [request]
 * Copyright (C) 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2010,
 *               2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 *
 * This file is part of GnuPG.
 *
 * GnuPG is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * GnuPG is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */

/*
The format of the native parameter file is follows:
  o Text only, line length is limited to about 1000 chars.
  o You must use UTF-8 encoding to specify non-ascii characters.
  o Empty lines are ignored.
  o Leading and trailing spaces are ignored.
  o A hash sign as the first non white space character is a comment line.
  o Control statements are indicated by a leading percent sign, the
    arguments are separated by white space from the keyword.
  o Parameters are specified by a keyword, followed by a colon.  Arguments
    are separated by white space.
  o The first parameter must be "Key-Type", control statements
    may be placed anywhere.
  o Key generation takes place when either the end of the parameter file
    is reached, the next "Key-Type" parameter is encountered or at the
    controlstatement "%commit"
  o Control statements:
    %echo <text>
	Print <text>.
    %dry-run
	Suppress actual key generation (useful for syntax checking).
    %commit
	Perform the key generation.  Note that an implicit commit is done
	at the next "Key-Type" parameter.
    %certfile <filename>
        [Not yet implemented!]
	Do not write the certificate to the keyDB but to <filename>.
        This must be given before the first
	commit to take place, duplicate specification of the same filename
	is ignored, the last filename before a commit is used.
	The filename is used until a new filename is used (at commit points)
	and all keys are written to that file.	If a new filename is given,
	this file is created (and overwrites an existing one).
	Both control statements must be given.

   o The order of the parameters does not matter except for "Key-Type"
     which must be the first parameter.  The parameters are only for the
     generated keyblock and parameters from previous key generations are not
     used. Some syntactically checks may be performed.

     The currently defined parameters are:

     Key-Type: <algo>
	Starts a new parameter block by giving the type of the
	primary key. The algorithm must be capable of signing.
	This is a required parameter.  For now the only supported
        algorithm is "rsa".

     Key-Length: <length-in-bits>
	Length of the key in bits.  Default is 2048.

     Key-Grip: <hexstring>
        This is optional and used to generate a request for an already
        existing key.  Key-Length will be ignored when given,

     Key-Usage: <usage-list>
        Space or comma delimited list of key usage, allowed values are
        "encrypt" and "sign".  This is used to generate the KeyUsage extension.
        Please make sure that the algorithm is capable of this usage.  Default
        is to allow encrypt and sign.

     Name-DN: <subject_name>
        This is the DN name of the subject in rfc2253 format.

     Name-Email: <string>
	The is an email address for the altSubjectName

     Name-DNS: <string>
	The is an DNS name for the altSubjectName

     Name-URI: <string>
	The is an URI for the altSubjectName

     The following parameters are only used if a certificate (and not
     a certificate signing request) is requested:

     Serial: <sn>
        If this parameter is given an X.509 certificate will be
        generated.  SN is expected to be a hex string representing an
        unsigned integer of arbitary length.  The special value
        "random" can be used to crete a 64 bit random serial number.

     Issuer-DN: <issuer_name>
        This is the DN name of the issuer in rfc2253 format.  If it is
        not set the subject DN will be used instead.  This creates a
        self-signed certificate.  Only in this case a special GnuPG
        extension will then be included in the certificate to mark it
        as a standalone certificate.

     Creation-Date: <iso-date>
        Set the notBefore date of the certificate.  Either a date like
        "1986-04-26" or a full timestamp like "19860426T042640" may be
        used.  The time is considered to be UTC.  If it is not given
        the current date is used.

     Expire-Date: <iso-date>
        Set the notBefore date of the certificate.  Either a date like
        "1986-04-26" or a full timestamp like "19860426T042640" may be
        used.  The time is considered to be UTC.  If it is not given a
        default value is used.

     Signing-Key: <keygrip>
        This gives the keygrip of the key used to sign the
        certificate.  If it is not given a self-signed certificate
        will be created.

     Hash-Algo: <hash-algo>
        Use HASH-ALGO for this certificate.  The supported hash
        algorithms are: "sha-1", "sha-256", "sha-384" and "sha-512".
        "sha-1" is the default.

Here is an example:
$ cat >foo <<EOF
%echo Generating a standard key
Key-Type: RSA
Key-Length: 2048
Name-DN: CN=test cert 1,OU=Aegypten Project,O=g10 Code GmbH,L=Düsseldorf,C=DE
Name-Email: joe@foo.bar
# Do a commit here, so that we can later print "done" :-)
%commit
%echo done
EOF
*/


#include <config.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <assert.h>

#include "gpgsm.h"
#include <gcrypt.h>
#include <ksba.h>

#include "keydb.h"
#include "i18n.h"


enum para_name
  {
    pKEYTYPE,
    pKEYLENGTH,
    pKEYGRIP,
    pKEYUSAGE,
    pNAMEDN,
    pNAMEEMAIL,
    pNAMEDNS,
    pNAMEURI,
    pSERIAL,
    pISSUERDN,
    pNOTBEFORE,
    pNOTAFTER,
    pSIGNINGKEY,
    pHASHALGO
  };

struct para_data_s
{
  struct para_data_s *next;
  int lnr;
  enum para_name key;
  union {
    unsigned int usage;
    char value[1];
  } u;
};

struct reqgen_ctrl_s
{
  int lnr;
  int dryrun;
};


static const char oidstr_keyUsage[] = "2.5.29.15";
static const char oidstr_basicConstraints[] = "2.5.29.19";
static const char oidstr_standaloneCertificate[] = "1.3.6.1.4.1.11591.2.2.1";


static int proc_parameters (ctrl_t ctrl,
                            struct para_data_s *para,
                            estream_t out_fp,
                            struct reqgen_ctrl_s *outctrl);
static int create_request (ctrl_t ctrl,
                           struct para_data_s *para,
                           const char *carddirect,
                           ksba_const_sexp_t public,
                           ksba_const_sexp_t sigkey,
                           ksba_writer_t writer);



static void
release_parameter_list (struct para_data_s *r)
{
  struct para_data_s *r2;

  for (; r ; r = r2)
    {
      r2 = r->next;
      xfree(r);
    }
}

static struct para_data_s *
get_parameter (struct para_data_s *para, enum para_name key, int seq)
{
  struct para_data_s *r;

  for (r = para; r ; r = r->next)
    if ( r->key == key && !seq--)
      return r;
  return NULL;
}

static const char *
get_parameter_value (struct para_data_s *para, enum para_name key, int seq)
{
  struct para_data_s *r = get_parameter (para, key, seq);
  return (r && *r->u.value)? r->u.value : NULL;
}

static int
get_parameter_algo (struct para_data_s *para, enum para_name key)
{
  struct para_data_s *r = get_parameter (para, key, 0);
  if (!r)
    return -1;
  if (digitp (r->u.value))
    return atoi( r->u.value );
  return gcry_pk_map_name (r->u.value);
}

/* Parse the usage parameter.  Returns 0 on success.  Note that we
   only care about sign and encrypt and don't (yet) allow all the
   other X.509 usage to be specified; instead we will use a fixed
   mapping to the X.509 usage flags. */
static int
parse_parameter_usage (struct para_data_s *para, enum para_name key)
{
  struct para_data_s *r = get_parameter (para, key, 0);
  char *p, *pn;
  unsigned int use;

  if (!r)
    return 0; /* none (this is an optional parameter)*/

  use = 0;
  pn = r->u.value;
  while ( (p = strsep (&pn, " \t,")) )
    {
      if (!*p)
        ;
      else if ( !ascii_strcasecmp (p, "sign") )
        use |= GCRY_PK_USAGE_SIGN;
      else if ( !ascii_strcasecmp (p, "encrypt") )
        use |= GCRY_PK_USAGE_ENCR;
      else
        {
          log_error ("line %d: invalid usage list\n", r->lnr);
          return -1; /* error */
        }
    }
  r->u.usage = use;
  return 0;
}


static unsigned int
get_parameter_uint (struct para_data_s *para, enum para_name key)
{
  struct para_data_s *r = get_parameter (para, key, 0);

  if (!r)
    return 0;

  if (r->key == pKEYUSAGE)
    return r->u.usage;

  return (unsigned int)strtoul (r->u.value, NULL, 10);
}



/* Read the certificate generation parameters from FP and generate
   (all) certificate requests.  */
static int
read_parameters (ctrl_t ctrl, estream_t fp, estream_t out_fp)
{
  static struct {
    const char *name;
    enum para_name key;
    int allow_dups;
  } keywords[] = {
    { "Key-Type",       pKEYTYPE},
    { "Key-Length",     pKEYLENGTH },
    { "Key-Grip",       pKEYGRIP },
    { "Key-Usage",      pKEYUSAGE },
    { "Name-DN",        pNAMEDN },
    { "Name-Email",     pNAMEEMAIL, 1 },
    { "Name-DNS",       pNAMEDNS, 1 },
    { "Name-URI",       pNAMEURI, 1 },
    { "Serial",         pSERIAL },
    { "Issuer-DN",      pISSUERDN },
    { "Creation-Date",  pNOTBEFORE },
    { "Not-Before",     pNOTBEFORE },
    { "Expire-Date",    pNOTAFTER },
    { "Not-After",      pNOTAFTER },
    { "Signing-Key",    pSIGNINGKEY },
    { "Hash-Algo",      pHASHALGO },
    { NULL, 0 }
  };
  char line[1024], *p;
  const char *err = NULL;
  struct para_data_s *para, *r;
  int i, rc = 0, any = 0;
  struct reqgen_ctrl_s outctrl;

  memset (&outctrl, 0, sizeof (outctrl));

  err = NULL;
  para = NULL;
  while (es_fgets (line, DIM(line)-1, fp) )
    {
      char *keyword, *value;

      outctrl.lnr++;
      if (*line && line[strlen(line)-1] != '\n')
        {
          err = "line too long";
          break;
	}
      for (p=line; spacep (p); p++)
        ;
      if (!*p || *p == '#')
        continue;

      keyword = p;
      if (*keyword == '%')
        {
          for (; *p && !ascii_isspace (*p); p++)
            ;
          if (*p)
            *p++ = 0;
          for (; ascii_isspace (*p); p++)
            ;
          value = p;
          trim_trailing_spaces (value);

          if (!ascii_strcasecmp (keyword, "%echo"))
            log_info ("%s\n", value);
          else if (!ascii_strcasecmp (keyword, "%dry-run"))
            outctrl.dryrun = 1;
          else if (!ascii_strcasecmp( keyword, "%commit"))
            {
              rc = proc_parameters (ctrl, para, out_fp, &outctrl);
              if (rc)
                goto leave;
              any = 1;
              release_parameter_list (para);
              para = NULL;
	    }
          else
            log_info ("skipping control `%s' (%s)\n", keyword, value);

          continue;
	}


      if (!(p = strchr (p, ':')) || p == keyword)
        {
          err = "missing colon";
          break;
	}
      if (*p)
        *p++ = 0;
      for (; spacep (p); p++)
        ;
      if (!*p)
        {
          err = "missing argument";
          break;
	}
      value = p;
      trim_trailing_spaces (value);

      for (i=0; (keywords[i].name
                 && ascii_strcasecmp (keywords[i].name, keyword)); i++)
        ;
      if (!keywords[i].name)
        {
          err = "unknown keyword";
          break;
	}
      if (keywords[i].key != pKEYTYPE && !para)
        {
          err = "parameter block does not start with \"Key-Type\"";
          break;
	}

      if (keywords[i].key == pKEYTYPE && para)
        {
          rc = proc_parameters (ctrl, para, out_fp, &outctrl);
          if (rc)
            goto leave;
          any = 1;
          release_parameter_list (para);
          para = NULL;
	}
      else if (!keywords[i].allow_dups)
        {
          for (r = para; r && r->key != keywords[i].key; r = r->next)
            ;
          if (r)
            {
              err = "duplicate keyword";
              break;
	    }
	}

      r = xtrycalloc (1, sizeof *r + strlen( value ));
      if (!r)
        {
          err = "out of core";
          break;
        }
      r->lnr = outctrl.lnr;
      r->key = keywords[i].key;
      strcpy (r->u.value, value);
      r->next = para;
      para = r;
    }

  if (err)
    {
      log_error ("line %d: %s\n", outctrl.lnr, err);
      rc = gpg_error (GPG_ERR_GENERAL);
    }
  else if (es_ferror(fp))
    {
      log_error ("line %d: read error: %s\n", outctrl.lnr, strerror(errno) );
      rc = gpg_error (GPG_ERR_GENERAL);
    }
  else if (para)
    {
      rc = proc_parameters (ctrl, para, out_fp, &outctrl);
      if (rc)
        goto leave;
      any = 1;
    }

  if (!rc && !any)
    rc = gpg_error (GPG_ERR_NO_DATA);

 leave:
  release_parameter_list (para);
  return rc;
}

/* check whether there are invalid characters in the email address S */
static int
has_invalid_email_chars (const char *s)
{
  int at_seen=0;
  static char valid_chars[] = "01234567890_-."
                              "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
			      "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";
  for (; *s; s++)
    {
      if (*s & 0x80)
        return 1;
      if (*s == '@')
        at_seen++;
      else if (!at_seen && !( !!strchr (valid_chars, *s) || *s == '+'))
        return 1;
      else if (at_seen && !strchr (valid_chars, *s))
        return 1;
    }
  return at_seen != 1;
}


/* Check that all required parameters are given and perform the action */
static int
proc_parameters (ctrl_t ctrl, struct para_data_s *para,
                 estream_t out_fp, struct reqgen_ctrl_s *outctrl)
{
  gpg_error_t err;
  struct para_data_s *r;
  const char *s, *string;
  int i;
  unsigned int nbits;
  char numbuf[20];
  unsigned char keyparms[100];
  int rc;
  ksba_sexp_t public;
  ksba_sexp_t sigkey = NULL;
  int seq;
  size_t erroff, errlen;
  char *cardkeyid = NULL;

  /* Check that we have all required parameters; */
  assert (get_parameter (para, pKEYTYPE, 0));

  /* We can only use RSA for now.  There is a problem with pkcs-10 on
     how to use ElGamal because it is expected that a PK algorithm can
     always be used for signing. Another problem is that on-card
     generated encryption keys may not be used for signing.  */
  i = get_parameter_algo (para, pKEYTYPE);
  if (!i && (s = get_parameter_value (para, pKEYTYPE, 0)) && *s)
    {
      /* Hack to allow creation of certificates directly from a smart
         card.  For example: "Key-Type: card:OPENPGP.3".  */
      if (!strncmp (s, "card:", 5) && s[5])
        cardkeyid = xtrystrdup (s+5);
    }
  if ( (i < 1 || i != GCRY_PK_RSA) && !cardkeyid )
    {
      r = get_parameter (para, pKEYTYPE, 0);
      log_error (_("line %d: invalid algorithm\n"), r->lnr);
      return gpg_error (GPG_ERR_INV_PARAMETER);
    }

  /* Check the keylength.  NOTE: If you change this make sure that it
     macthes the gpgconflist item in gpgsm.c  */
  if (!get_parameter (para, pKEYLENGTH, 0))
    nbits = 2048;
  else
    nbits = get_parameter_uint (para, pKEYLENGTH);
  if ((nbits < 1024 || nbits > 4096) && !cardkeyid)
    {
      /* The BSI specs dated 2002-11-25 don't allow lengths below 1024. */
      r = get_parameter (para, pKEYLENGTH, 0);
      log_error (_("line %d: invalid key length %u (valid are %d to %d)\n"),
                 r->lnr, nbits, 1024, 4096);
      xfree (cardkeyid);
      return gpg_error (GPG_ERR_INV_PARAMETER);
    }

  /* Check the usage. */
  if (parse_parameter_usage (para, pKEYUSAGE))
    {
      xfree (cardkeyid);
      return gpg_error (GPG_ERR_INV_PARAMETER);
    }

  /* Check that there is a subject name and that this DN fits our
     requirements. */
  if (!(s=get_parameter_value (para, pNAMEDN, 0)))
    {
      r = get_parameter (para, pNAMEDN, 0);
      log_error (_("line %d: no subject name given\n"), r->lnr);
      xfree (cardkeyid);
      return gpg_error (GPG_ERR_INV_PARAMETER);
    }
  err = ksba_dn_teststr (s, 0, &erroff, &errlen);
  if (err)
    {
      r = get_parameter (para, pNAMEDN, 0);
      if (gpg_err_code (err) == GPG_ERR_UNKNOWN_NAME)
        log_error (_("line %d: invalid subject name label `%.*s'\n"),
                   r->lnr, (int)errlen, s+erroff);
      else
        log_error (_("line %d: invalid subject name `%s' at pos %d\n"),
                   r->lnr, s, (int)erroff);

      xfree (cardkeyid);
      return gpg_error (GPG_ERR_INV_PARAMETER);
    }

  /* Check that the optional email address is okay. */
  for (seq=0; (s=get_parameter_value (para, pNAMEEMAIL, seq)); seq++)
    {
      if (has_invalid_email_chars (s)
          || *s == '@'
          || s[strlen(s)-1] == '@'
          || s[strlen(s)-1] == '.'
          || strstr(s, ".."))
        {
          r = get_parameter (para, pNAMEEMAIL, seq);
          log_error (_("line %d: not a valid email address\n"), r->lnr);
          xfree (cardkeyid);
          return gpg_error (GPG_ERR_INV_PARAMETER);
        }
    }

  /* Check the optional serial number.  */
  string = get_parameter_value (para, pSERIAL, 0);
  if (string)
    {
      if (!strcmp (string, "random"))
        ; /* Okay.  */
      else
        {
          for (s=string, i=0; hexdigitp (s); s++, i++)
            ;
          if (*s)
            {
              r = get_parameter (para, pSERIAL, 0);
              log_error (_("line %d: invalid serial number\n"), r->lnr);
              xfree (cardkeyid);
              return gpg_error (GPG_ERR_INV_PARAMETER);
            }
        }
    }

  /* Check the optional issuer DN.  */
  string = get_parameter_value (para, pISSUERDN, 0);
  if (string)
    {
      err = ksba_dn_teststr (string, 0, &erroff, &errlen);
      if (err)
        {
          r = get_parameter (para, pISSUERDN, 0);
          if (gpg_err_code (err) == GPG_ERR_UNKNOWN_NAME)
            log_error (_("line %d: invalid issuer name label `%.*s'\n"),
                       r->lnr, (int)errlen, string+erroff);
          else
            log_error (_("line %d: invalid issuer name `%s' at pos %d\n"),
                       r->lnr, string, (int)erroff);
          xfree (cardkeyid);
          return gpg_error (GPG_ERR_INV_PARAMETER);
        }
    }

  /* Check the optional creation date.  */
  string = get_parameter_value (para, pNOTBEFORE, 0);
  if (string && !string2isotime (NULL, string))
    {
      r = get_parameter (para, pNOTBEFORE, 0);
      log_error (_("line %d: invalid date given\n"), r->lnr);
      xfree (cardkeyid);
      return gpg_error (GPG_ERR_INV_PARAMETER);
    }


  /* Check the optional expire date.  */
  string = get_parameter_value (para, pNOTAFTER, 0);
  if (string && !string2isotime (NULL, string))
    {
      r = get_parameter (para, pNOTAFTER, 0);
      log_error (_("line %d: invalid date given\n"), r->lnr);
      xfree (cardkeyid);
      return gpg_error (GPG_ERR_INV_PARAMETER);
    }

  /* Get the optional signing key.  */
  string = get_parameter_value (para, pSIGNINGKEY, 0);
  if (string)
    {
      rc = gpgsm_agent_readkey (ctrl, 0, string, &sigkey);
      if (rc)
        {
          r = get_parameter (para, pKEYTYPE, 0);
          log_error (_("line %d: error getting signing key by keygrip `%s'"
                       ": %s\n"), r->lnr, s, gpg_strerror (rc));
          xfree (cardkeyid);
          return rc;
        }
    }

  /* Check the optional hash-algo.  */
  {
    int mdalgo;

    string = get_parameter_value (para, pHASHALGO, 0);
    if (string && !((mdalgo = gcry_md_map_name (string))
                    && (mdalgo == GCRY_MD_SHA1
                        || mdalgo == GCRY_MD_SHA256
                        || mdalgo == GCRY_MD_SHA384
                        || mdalgo == GCRY_MD_SHA512)))
      {
        r = get_parameter (para, pHASHALGO, 0);
        log_error (_("line %d: invalid hash algorithm given\n"), r->lnr);
        xfree (cardkeyid);
        return gpg_error (GPG_ERR_INV_PARAMETER);
      }
  }

  /* Create or retrieve the public key.  */
  if (cardkeyid) /* Take the key from the current smart card. */
    {
      rc = gpgsm_agent_readkey (ctrl, 1, cardkeyid, &public);
      if (rc)
        {
          r = get_parameter (para, pKEYTYPE, 0);
          log_error (_("line %d: error reading key `%s' from card: %s\n"),
                     r->lnr, cardkeyid, gpg_strerror (rc));
          xfree (sigkey);
          xfree (cardkeyid);
          return rc;
        }
    }
  else if ((s=get_parameter_value (para, pKEYGRIP, 0))) /* Use existing key.*/
    {
      rc = gpgsm_agent_readkey (ctrl, 0, s, &public);
      if (rc)
        {
          r = get_parameter (para, pKEYTYPE, 0);
          log_error (_("line %d: error getting key by keygrip `%s': %s\n"),
                     r->lnr, s, gpg_strerror (rc));
          xfree (sigkey);
          xfree (cardkeyid);
          return rc;
        }
    }
  else if (!outctrl->dryrun) /* Generate new key.  */
    {
      sprintf (numbuf, "%u", nbits);
      snprintf ((char*)keyparms, DIM (keyparms)-1,
                "(6:genkey(3:rsa(5:nbits%d:%s)))",
                (int)strlen (numbuf), numbuf);
      rc = gpgsm_agent_genkey (ctrl, keyparms, &public);
      if (rc)
        {
          r = get_parameter (para, pKEYTYPE, 0);
          log_error (_("line %d: key generation failed: %s <%s>\n"),
                     r->lnr, gpg_strerror (rc), gpg_strsource (rc));
          xfree (sigkey);
          xfree (cardkeyid);
          return rc;
        }
    }


  if (!outctrl->dryrun)
    {
      Base64Context b64writer = NULL;
      ksba_writer_t writer;
      int create_cert ;

      create_cert = !!get_parameter_value (para, pSERIAL, 0);

      ctrl->pem_name = create_cert? "CERTIFICATE" : "CERTIFICATE REQUEST";
      rc = gpgsm_create_writer (&b64writer, ctrl, out_fp, &writer);
      if (rc)
        log_error ("can't create writer: %s\n", gpg_strerror (rc));
      else
        {
          rc = create_request (ctrl, para, cardkeyid, public, sigkey, writer);
          if (!rc)
            {
              rc = gpgsm_finish_writer (b64writer);
              if (rc)
                log_error ("write failed: %s\n", gpg_strerror (rc));
              else
                {
                  gpgsm_status (ctrl, STATUS_KEY_CREATED, "P");
                  log_info ("certificate%s created\n",
                            create_cert?"":" request");
                }
            }
          gpgsm_destroy_writer (b64writer);
        }
    }

  xfree (sigkey);
  xfree (public);
  xfree (cardkeyid);

  return rc;
}


/* Parameters are checked, the key pair has been created.  Now
   generate the request and write it out */
static int
create_request (ctrl_t ctrl,
                struct para_data_s *para,
                const char *carddirect,
                ksba_const_sexp_t public,
                ksba_const_sexp_t sigkey,
                ksba_writer_t writer)
{
  ksba_certreq_t cr;
  gpg_error_t err;
  gcry_md_hd_t md;
  ksba_stop_reason_t stopreason;
  int rc = 0;
  const char *s, *string;
  unsigned int use;
  int seq;
  char *buf, *p;
  size_t len;
  char numbuf[30];
  ksba_isotime_t atime;
  int certmode = 0;
  int mdalgo;

  err = ksba_certreq_new (&cr);
  if (err)
    return err;

  string = get_parameter_value (para, pHASHALGO, 0);
  if (string)
    mdalgo = gcry_md_map_name (string);
  else
    mdalgo = GCRY_MD_SHA1;
  rc = gcry_md_open (&md, mdalgo, 0);
  if (rc)
    {
      log_error ("md_open failed: %s\n", gpg_strerror (rc));
      goto leave;
    }
  if (DBG_HASHING)
    gcry_md_start_debug (md, "cr.cri");

  ksba_certreq_set_hash_function (cr, HASH_FNC, md);
  ksba_certreq_set_writer (cr, writer);

  err = ksba_certreq_add_subject (cr, get_parameter_value (para, pNAMEDN, 0));
  if (err)
    {
      log_error ("error setting the subject's name: %s\n",
                 gpg_strerror (err));
      rc = err;
      goto leave;
    }

  for (seq=0; (s = get_parameter_value (para, pNAMEEMAIL, seq)); seq++)
    {
      buf = xtrymalloc (strlen (s) + 3);
      if (!buf)
        {
          rc = out_of_core ();
          goto leave;
        }
      *buf = '<';
      strcpy (buf+1, s);
      strcat (buf+1, ">");
      err = ksba_certreq_add_subject (cr, buf);
      xfree (buf);
      if (err)
        {
          log_error ("error setting the subject's alternate name: %s\n",
                     gpg_strerror (err));
          rc = err;
          goto leave;
        }
    }

  for (seq=0; (s = get_parameter_value (para, pNAMEDNS, seq)); seq++)
    {
      len = strlen (s);
      assert (len);
      snprintf (numbuf, DIM(numbuf), "%u:", (unsigned int)len);
      buf = p = xtrymalloc (11 + strlen (numbuf) + len + 3);
      if (!buf)
        {
          rc = out_of_core ();
          goto leave;
        }
      p = stpcpy (p, "(8:dns-name");
      p = stpcpy (p, numbuf);
      p = stpcpy (p, s);
      strcpy (p, ")");

      err = ksba_certreq_add_subject (cr, buf);
      xfree (buf);
      if (err)
        {
          log_error ("error setting the subject's alternate name: %s\n",
                     gpg_strerror (err));
          rc = err;
          goto leave;
        }
    }

  for (seq=0; (s = get_parameter_value (para, pNAMEURI, seq)); seq++)
    {
      len = strlen (s);
      assert (len);
      snprintf (numbuf, DIM(numbuf), "%u:", (unsigned int)len);
      buf = p = xtrymalloc (6 + strlen (numbuf) + len + 3);
      if (!buf)
        {
          rc = out_of_core ();
          goto leave;
        }
      p = stpcpy (p, "(3:uri");
      p = stpcpy (p, numbuf);
      p = stpcpy (p, s);
      strcpy (p, ")");

      err = ksba_certreq_add_subject (cr, buf);
      xfree (buf);
      if (err)
        {
          log_error ("error setting the subject's alternate name: %s\n",
                     gpg_strerror (err));
          rc = err;
          goto leave;
        }
    }


  err = ksba_certreq_set_public_key (cr, public);
  if (err)
    {
      log_error ("error setting the public key: %s\n",
                 gpg_strerror (err));
      rc = err;
      goto leave;
    }

  /* Set key usage flags.  */
  use = get_parameter_uint (para, pKEYUSAGE);
  if (use == GCRY_PK_USAGE_SIGN)
    {
      /* For signing only we encode the bits:
         KSBA_KEYUSAGE_DIGITAL_SIGNATURE
         KSBA_KEYUSAGE_NON_REPUDIATION */
      err = ksba_certreq_add_extension (cr, oidstr_keyUsage, 1,
                                        "\x03\x02\x06\xC0", 4);
    }
  else if (use == GCRY_PK_USAGE_ENCR)
    {
      /* For encrypt only we encode the bits:
         KSBA_KEYUSAGE_KEY_ENCIPHERMENT
         KSBA_KEYUSAGE_DATA_ENCIPHERMENT */
      err = ksba_certreq_add_extension (cr, oidstr_keyUsage, 1,
                                        "\x03\x02\x04\x30", 4);
    }
  else
    err = 0; /* Both or none given: don't request one. */
  if (err)
    {
      log_error ("error setting the key usage: %s\n",
                 gpg_strerror (err));
      rc = err;
      goto leave;
    }


  /* See whether we want to create an X.509 certificate.  */
  string = get_parameter_value (para, pSERIAL, 0);
  if (string)
    {
      certmode = 1;

      /* Store the serial number.  */
      if (!strcmp (string, "random"))
        {
          char snbuf[3+8+1];

          memcpy (snbuf, "(8:", 3);
          gcry_create_nonce (snbuf+3, 8);
          /* Clear high bit to guarantee a positive integer.  */
          snbuf[3] &= 0x7f;
          snbuf[3+8] = ')';
          err = ksba_certreq_set_serial (cr, snbuf);
        }
      else
        {
          char *hexbuf;

          /* Allocate a buffer large enough to prefix the string with
             a '0' so to have an even number of digits.  Prepend two
             further '0' so that the binary result will have a leading
             0 byte and thus can't be the representation of a negative
             number.  Note that ksba_certreq_set_serial strips all
             unneeded leading 0 bytes.  */
          hexbuf = p = xtrymalloc (2 + 1 + strlen (string) + 1);
          if (!hexbuf)
            {
              err = gpg_error_from_syserror ();
              goto leave;
            }
          if ((strlen (string) & 1))
            *p++ = '0';
          *p++ = '0';
          *p++ = '0';
          strcpy (p, string);
          for (p=hexbuf, len=0; p[0] && p[1]; p += 2)
            ((unsigned char*)hexbuf)[len++] = xtoi_2 (s);
          /* Now build the S-expression.  */
          snprintf (numbuf, DIM(numbuf), "%u:", (unsigned int)len);
          buf = p = xtrymalloc (1 + strlen (numbuf) + len + 1 + 1);
          if (!buf)
            {
              err = gpg_error_from_syserror ();
              xfree (hexbuf);
              goto leave;
            }
          p = stpcpy (stpcpy (buf, "("), numbuf);
          memcpy (p, hexbuf, len);
          p += len;
          strcpy (p, ")");
          xfree (hexbuf);
          err = ksba_certreq_set_serial (cr, buf);
          xfree (buf);
        }
      if (err)
        {
          log_error ("error setting the serial number: %s\n",
                     gpg_strerror (err));
          goto leave;
        }


      /* Store the issuer DN.  If no issuer DN is given and no signing
         key has been set we add the standalone extension and the
         basic constraints to mark it as a self-signed CA
         certificate.  */
      string = get_parameter_value (para, pISSUERDN, 0);
      if (string)
        {
          /* Issuer DN given.  Note that this may be the same as the
             subject DN and thus this could as well be a self-signed
             certificate.  However the caller needs to explicitly
             specify basicConstraints and so forth.  */
          err = ksba_certreq_set_issuer (cr, string);
          if (err)
            {
              log_error ("error setting the issuer DN: %s\n",
                         gpg_strerror (err));
              goto leave;
            }

        }
      else if (!string && !sigkey)
        {
          /* Self-signed certificate requested.  Add basicConstraints
             and the custom GnuPG standalone extension.  */
          err = ksba_certreq_add_extension (cr, oidstr_basicConstraints, 1,
                                            "\x30\x03\x01\x01\xff", 5);
          if (err)
            goto leave;
          err = ksba_certreq_add_extension (cr, oidstr_standaloneCertificate, 0,
                                            "\x01\x01\xff", 3);
          if (err)
            goto leave;
        }

      /* Store the creation date.  */
      string = get_parameter_value (para, pNOTBEFORE, 0);
      if (string)
        {
          if (!string2isotime (atime, string))
            BUG (); /* We already checked the value.  */
        }
      else
        gnupg_get_isotime (atime);
      err = ksba_certreq_set_validity (cr, 0, atime);
      if (err)
        {
          log_error ("error setting the creation date: %s\n",
                     gpg_strerror (err));
          goto leave;
        }


      /* Store the expire date.  If it is not given, libksba inserts a
         default value.  */
      string = get_parameter_value (para, pNOTAFTER, 0);
      if (string)
        {
          if (!string2isotime (atime, string))
            BUG (); /* We already checked the value.  */
          err = ksba_certreq_set_validity (cr, 1, atime);
          if (err)
            {
              log_error ("error setting the expire date: %s\n",
                         gpg_strerror (err));
              goto leave;
            }
        }


      /* Figure out the signing algorithm.  If no sigkey has been
         given we set it to the public key to create a self-signed
         certificate. */
      if (!sigkey)
        sigkey = public;

      {
        unsigned char *siginfo;

        err = transform_sigval (sigkey,
                                gcry_sexp_canon_len (sigkey, 0, NULL, NULL),
                                mdalgo, &siginfo, NULL);
        if (!err)
          {
            err = ksba_certreq_set_siginfo (cr, siginfo);
            xfree (siginfo);
          }
        if (err)
          {
            log_error ("error setting the siginfo: %s\n",
                       gpg_strerror (err));
            rc = err;
            goto leave;
          }
      }
    }
  else
    sigkey = public;

  do
    {
      err = ksba_certreq_build (cr, &stopreason);
      if (err)
        {
          log_error ("ksba_certreq_build failed: %s\n", gpg_strerror (err));
          rc = err;
          goto leave;
        }
      if (stopreason == KSBA_SR_NEED_SIG)
        {
          gcry_sexp_t s_pkey;
          size_t n;
          unsigned char grip[20];
          char hexgrip[41];
          unsigned char *sigval, *newsigval;
          size_t siglen;

          n = gcry_sexp_canon_len (sigkey, 0, NULL, NULL);
          if (!n)
            {
              log_error ("libksba did not return a proper S-Exp\n");
              rc = gpg_error (GPG_ERR_BUG);
              goto leave;
            }
          rc = gcry_sexp_sscan (&s_pkey, NULL, (const char*)sigkey, n);
          if (rc)
            {
              log_error ("gcry_sexp_scan failed: %s\n", gpg_strerror (rc));
              goto leave;
            }
          if ( !gcry_pk_get_keygrip (s_pkey, grip) )
            {
              rc = gpg_error (GPG_ERR_GENERAL);
              log_error ("can't figure out the keygrip\n");
              gcry_sexp_release (s_pkey);
              goto leave;
            }
          gcry_sexp_release (s_pkey);
          bin2hex (grip, 20, hexgrip);

          log_info ("about to sign the %s for key: &%s\n",
                    certmode? "certificate":"CSR", hexgrip);

          if (carddirect)
            rc = gpgsm_scd_pksign (ctrl, carddirect, NULL,
                                   gcry_md_read (md, mdalgo),
                                   gcry_md_get_algo_dlen (mdalgo),
                                   mdalgo,
                                   &sigval, &siglen);
          else
            {
              char *orig_codeset;
              char *desc;

              orig_codeset = i18n_switchto_utf8 ();
              desc = percent_plus_escape
                (_("To complete this certificate request please enter"
                   " the passphrase for the key you just created once"
                   " more.\n"));
              i18n_switchback (orig_codeset);
              rc = gpgsm_agent_pksign (ctrl, hexgrip, desc,
                                       gcry_md_read(md, mdalgo),
                                       gcry_md_get_algo_dlen (mdalgo),
                                       mdalgo,
                                       &sigval, &siglen);
              xfree (desc);
            }
          if (rc)
            {
              log_error ("signing failed: %s\n", gpg_strerror (rc));
              goto leave;
            }

          err = transform_sigval (sigval, siglen, mdalgo,
                                  &newsigval, NULL);
          xfree (sigval);
          if (!err)
            {
              err = ksba_certreq_set_sig_val (cr, newsigval);
              xfree (newsigval);
            }
          if (err)
            {
              log_error ("failed to store the sig_val: %s\n",
                         gpg_strerror (err));
              rc = err;
              goto leave;
            }
        }
    }
  while (stopreason != KSBA_SR_READY);


 leave:
  gcry_md_close (md);
  ksba_certreq_release (cr);
  return rc;
}



/* Create a new key by reading the parameters from IN_FP.  Multiple
   keys may be created */
int
gpgsm_genkey (ctrl_t ctrl, estream_t in_stream, estream_t out_stream)
{
  int rc;

  rc = read_parameters (ctrl, in_stream, out_stream);
  if (rc)
    {
      log_error ("error creating certificate request: %s <%s>\n",
                 gpg_strerror (rc), gpg_strsource (rc));
      goto leave;
    }

 leave:
  return rc;
}