Merge tag 'overlay_apply_fdt_v7-for-4.17' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/frowand/linux into dt/next

DT overlay applying rework from Frank Rowand:
"Move duplicating and unflattening of an overlay flattened devicetree
(FDT) into the overlay application code.  To accomplish this,
of_overlay_apply() is replaced by of_overlay_fdt_apply()."

27 files changed, 586 insertions, 487 deletions

diff --git a/Documentation/devicetree/overlay-notes.txt b/Documentation/devicetree/overlay-notes.txt
index c4aa0adf13ec..5175a24d387e 100644
--- a/Documentation/devicetree/overlay-notes.txt
+++ b/Documentation/devicetree/overlay-notes.txt
@@ -87,8 +87,8 @@ Overlay in-kernel API
 
 The API is quite easy to use.
 
-1. Call of_overlay_apply() to create and apply an overlay changeset. The return
-value is an error or a cookie identifying this overlay.
+1. Call of_overlay_fdt_apply() to create and apply an overlay changeset. The
+return value is an error or a cookie identifying this overlay.
 
 2. Call of_overlay_remove() to remove and cleanup the overlay changeset
 previously created via the call to of_overlay_apply(). Removal of an overlay
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/devicetree.c b/arch/x86/kernel/devicetree.c
index 25de5f6ca997..45416826f6ee 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/devicetree.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/devicetree.c
@@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ static void __init dtb_apic_setup(void)
 	dtb_ioapic_setup();
 }
 
-#ifdef CONFIG_OF_FLATTREE
+#ifdef CONFIG_OF_EARLY_FLATTREE
 static void __init x86_flattree_get_config(void)
 {
 	u32 size, map_len;
diff --git a/drivers/of/Kconfig b/drivers/of/Kconfig
index 783e0870bd22..ad3fcad4d75b 100644
--- a/drivers/of/Kconfig
+++ b/drivers/of/Kconfig
@@ -92,6 +92,7 @@ config OF_RESOLVE
 config OF_OVERLAY
 	bool "Device Tree overlays"
 	select OF_DYNAMIC
+	select OF_FLATTREE
 	select OF_RESOLVE
 	help
 	  Overlays are a method to dynamically modify part of the kernel's
diff --git a/drivers/of/overlay.c b/drivers/of/overlay.c
index 3397d7642958..b930e05d1215 100644
--- a/drivers/of/overlay.c
+++ b/drivers/of/overlay.c
@@ -12,10 +12,12 @@
 #include <linux/module.h>
 #include <linux/of.h>
 #include <linux/of_device.h>
+#include <linux/of_fdt.h>
 #include <linux/string.h>
 #include <linux/ctype.h>
 #include <linux/errno.h>
 #include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/libfdt.h>
 #include <linux/err.h>
 #include <linux/idr.h>
 
@@ -33,7 +35,9 @@ struct fragment {
 
 /**
  * struct overlay_changeset
+ * @id:			changeset identifier
  * @ovcs_list:		list on which we are located
+ * @fdt:		FDT that was unflattened to create @overlay_tree
  * @overlay_tree:	expanded device tree that contains the fragment nodes
  * @count:		count of fragment structures
  * @fragments:		fragment nodes in the overlay expanded device tree
@@ -43,6 +47,7 @@ struct fragment {
 struct overlay_changeset {
 	int id;
 	struct list_head ovcs_list;
+	const void *fdt;
 	struct device_node *overlay_tree;
 	int count;
 	struct fragment *fragments;
@@ -483,27 +488,38 @@ static int build_changeset(struct overlay_changeset *ovcs)
  */
 static struct device_node *find_target_node(struct device_node *info_node)
 {
+	struct device_node *node;
 	const char *path;
 	u32 val;
 	int ret;
 
 	ret = of_property_read_u32(info_node, "target", &val);
-	if (!ret)
-		return of_find_node_by_phandle(val);
+	if (!ret) {
+		node = of_find_node_by_phandle(val);
+		if (!node)
+			pr_err("find target, node: %pOF, phandle 0x%x not found\n",
+			       info_node, val);
+		return node;
+	}
 
 	ret = of_property_read_string(info_node, "target-path", &path);
-	if (!ret)
-		return of_find_node_by_path(path);
+	if (!ret) {
+		node =  of_find_node_by_path(path);
+		if (!node)
+			pr_err("find target, node: %pOF, path '%s' not found\n",
+			       info_node, path);
+		return node;
+	}
 
-	pr_err("Failed to find target for node %p (%s)\n",
-		info_node, info_node->name);
+	pr_err("find target, node: %pOF, no target property\n", info_node);
 
 	return NULL;
 }
 
 /**
  * init_overlay_changeset() - initialize overlay changeset from overlay tree
- * @ovcs	Overlay changeset to build
+ * @ovcs:	Overlay changeset to build
+ * @fdt:	the FDT that was unflattened to create @tree
  * @tree:	Contains all the overlay fragments and overlay fixup nodes
  *
  * Initialize @ovcs.  Populate @ovcs->fragments with node information from
@@ -514,7 +530,7 @@ static struct device_node *find_target_node(struct device_node *info_node)
  * detected in @tree, or -ENOSPC if idr_alloc() error.
  */
 static int init_overlay_changeset(struct overlay_changeset *ovcs,
-		struct device_node *tree)
+		const void *fdt, struct device_node *tree)
 {
 	struct device_node *node, *overlay_node;
 	struct fragment *fragment;
@@ -535,6 +551,7 @@ static int init_overlay_changeset(struct overlay_changeset *ovcs,
 		pr_debug("%s() tree is not root\n", __func__);
 
 	ovcs->overlay_tree = tree;
+	ovcs->fdt = fdt;
 
 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ovcs->ovcs_list);
 
@@ -606,6 +623,7 @@ static int init_overlay_changeset(struct overlay_changeset *ovcs,
 	}
 
 	if (!cnt) {
+		pr_err("no fragments or symbols in overlay\n");
 		ret = -EINVAL;
 		goto err_free_fragments;
 	}
@@ -642,11 +660,24 @@ static void free_overlay_changeset(struct overlay_changeset *ovcs)
 	}
 	kfree(ovcs->fragments);
 
+	/*
+	 * TODO
+	 *
+	 * would like to: kfree(ovcs->overlay_tree);
+	 * but can not since drivers may have pointers into this data
+	 *
+	 * would like to: kfree(ovcs->fdt);
+	 * but can not since drivers may have pointers into this data
+	 */
+
 	kfree(ovcs);
 }
 
-/**
+/*
+ * internal documentation
+ *
  * of_overlay_apply() - Create and apply an overlay changeset
+ * @fdt:	the FDT that was unflattened to create @tree
  * @tree:	Expanded overlay device tree
  * @ovcs_id:	Pointer to overlay changeset id
  *
@@ -685,21 +716,29 @@ static void free_overlay_changeset(struct overlay_changeset *ovcs)
  * id is returned to *ovcs_id.
  */
 
-int of_overlay_apply(struct device_node *tree, int *ovcs_id)
+static int of_overlay_apply(const void *fdt, struct device_node *tree,
+		int *ovcs_id)
 {
 	struct overlay_changeset *ovcs;
 	int ret = 0, ret_revert, ret_tmp;
 
-	*ovcs_id = 0;
+	/*
+	 * As of this point, fdt and tree belong to the overlay changeset.
+	 * overlay changeset code is responsible for freeing them.
+	 */
 
 	if (devicetree_corrupt()) {
 		pr_err("devicetree state suspect, refuse to apply overlay\n");
+		kfree(fdt);
+		kfree(tree);
 		ret = -EBUSY;
 		goto out;
 	}
 
 	ovcs = kzalloc(sizeof(*ovcs), GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (!ovcs) {
+		kfree(fdt);
+		kfree(tree);
 		ret = -ENOMEM;
 		goto out;
 	}
@@ -709,12 +748,17 @@ int of_overlay_apply(struct device_node *tree, int *ovcs_id)
 
 	ret = of_resolve_phandles(tree);
 	if (ret)
-		goto err_free_overlay_changeset;
+		goto err_free_tree;
 
-	ret = init_overlay_changeset(ovcs, tree);
+	ret = init_overlay_changeset(ovcs, fdt, tree);
 	if (ret)
-		goto err_free_overlay_changeset;
+		goto err_free_tree;
 
+	/*
+	 * after overlay_notify(), ovcs->overlay_tree related pointers may have
+	 * leaked to drivers, so can not kfree() tree, aka ovcs->overlay_tree;
+	 * and can not free fdt, aka ovcs->fdt
+	 */
 	ret = overlay_notify(ovcs, OF_OVERLAY_PRE_APPLY);
 	if (ret) {
 		pr_err("overlay changeset pre-apply notify error %d\n", ret);
@@ -754,6 +798,10 @@ int of_overlay_apply(struct device_node *tree, int *ovcs_id)
 
 	goto out_unlock;
 
+err_free_tree:
+	kfree(fdt);
+	kfree(tree);
+
 err_free_overlay_changeset:
 	free_overlay_changeset(ovcs);
 
@@ -766,7 +814,63 @@ out:
 
 	return ret;
 }
-EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(of_overlay_apply);
+
+int of_overlay_fdt_apply(const void *overlay_fdt, u32 overlay_fdt_size,
+			 int *ovcs_id)
+{
+	const void *new_fdt;
+	int ret;
+	u32 size;
+	struct device_node *overlay_root;
+
+	*ovcs_id = 0;
+	ret = 0;
+
+	if (overlay_fdt_size < sizeof(struct fdt_header) ||
+	    fdt_check_header(overlay_fdt)) {
+		pr_err("Invalid overlay_fdt header\n");
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	size = fdt_totalsize(overlay_fdt);
+	if (overlay_fdt_size < size)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	/*
+	 * Must create permanent copy of FDT because of_fdt_unflatten_tree()
+	 * will create pointers to the passed in FDT in the unflattened tree.
+	 */
+	new_fdt = kmemdup(overlay_fdt, size, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!new_fdt)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	of_fdt_unflatten_tree(new_fdt, NULL, &overlay_root);
+	if (!overlay_root) {
+		pr_err("unable to unflatten overlay_fdt\n");
+		ret = -EINVAL;
+		goto out_free_new_fdt;
+	}
+
+	ret = of_overlay_apply(new_fdt, overlay_root, ovcs_id);
+	if (ret < 0) {
+		/*
+		 * new_fdt and overlay_root now belong to the overlay
+		 * changeset.
+		 * overlay changeset code is responsible for freeing them.
+		 */
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+
+
+out_free_new_fdt:
+	kfree(new_fdt);
+
+out:
+	return ret;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(of_overlay_fdt_apply);
 
 /*
  * Find @np in @tree.
diff --git a/drivers/of/resolver.c b/drivers/of/resolver.c
index 740d19bde601..b2f645187213 100644
--- a/drivers/of/resolver.c
+++ b/drivers/of/resolver.c
@@ -269,17 +269,11 @@ int of_resolve_phandles(struct device_node *overlay)
 		goto out;
 	}
 
-#if 0
-	Temporarily disable check so that old style overlay unittests
-	do not fail when of_resolve_phandles() is moved into
-	of_overlay_apply().
-
 	if (!of_node_check_flag(overlay, OF_DETACHED)) {
 		pr_err("overlay not detached\n");
 		err = -EINVAL;
 		goto out;
 	}
-#endif
 
 	phandle_delta = live_tree_max_phandle() + 1;
 	adjust_overlay_phandles(overlay, phandle_delta);
diff --git a/drivers/of/unittest-data/Makefile b/drivers/of/unittest-data/Makefile
index df697976740a..8fd0ea4b92b0 100644
--- a/drivers/of/unittest-data/Makefile
+++ b/drivers/of/unittest-data/Makefile
@@ -1,8 +1,22 @@
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
-DTC_FLAGS_testcases := -Wno-interrupts_property
 obj-y += testcases.dtb.o
 
 obj-$(CONFIG_OF_OVERLAY) += overlay.dtb.o \
+			    overlay_0.dtb.o \
+			    overlay_1.dtb.o \
+			    overlay_2.dtb.o \
+			    overlay_3.dtb.o \
+			    overlay_4.dtb.o \
+			    overlay_5.dtb.o \
+			    overlay_6.dtb.o \
+			    overlay_7.dtb.o \
+			    overlay_8.dtb.o \
+			    overlay_9.dtb.o \
+			    overlay_10.dtb.o \
+			    overlay_11.dtb.o \
+			    overlay_12.dtb.o \
+			    overlay_13.dtb.o \
+			    overlay_15.dtb.o \
 			    overlay_bad_phandle.dtb.o \
 			    overlay_bad_symbol.dtb.o \
 			    overlay_base.dtb.o
@@ -10,10 +24,14 @@ obj-$(CONFIG_OF_OVERLAY) += overlay.dtb.o \
 targets += $(foreach suffix, dtb dtb.S, $(patsubst %.dtb.o,%.$(suffix),$(obj-y)))
 
 # enable creation of __symbols__ node
-DTC_FLAGS_overlay := -@
-DTC_FLAGS_overlay_bad_phandle := -@
-DTC_FLAGS_overlay_bad_symbol := -@
-DTC_FLAGS_overlay_base := -@
+DTC_FLAGS_overlay += -@
+DTC_FLAGS_overlay_bad_phandle += -@
+DTC_FLAGS_overlay_bad_symbol += -@
+DTC_FLAGS_overlay_base += -@
+DTC_FLAGS_testcases += -@
+
+# suppress warnings about intentional errors
+DTC_FLAGS_testcases += -Wno-interrupts_property
 
 .PRECIOUS: \
 	$(obj)/%.dtb.S \
diff --git a/drivers/of/unittest-data/overlay.dts b/drivers/of/unittest-data/overlay.dts
index ab5e89b5e27e..3bbc59e922fe 100644
--- a/drivers/of/unittest-data/overlay.dts
+++ b/drivers/of/unittest-data/overlay.dts
@@ -2,76 +2,63 @@
 /dts-v1/;
 /plugin/;
 
-/ {
+&electric_1 {
 
-	fragment@0 {
-		target = <&electric_1>;
+	status = "okay";
 
-		__overlay__ {
-			status = "okay";
-
-			hvac_2: hvac-large-1 {
-				compatible = "ot,hvac-large";
-				heat-range = < 40 75 >;
-				cool-range = < 65 80 >;
-			};
-		};
+	hvac_2: hvac-large-1 {
+		compatible = "ot,hvac-large";
+		heat-range = < 40 75 >;
+		cool-range = < 65 80 >;
 	};
+};
 
-	fragment@1 {
-		target = <&rides_1>;
-
-		__overlay__ {
-			#address-cells = <1>;
-			#size-cells = <1>;
-			status = "okay";
-
-			ride@100 {
-				#address-cells = <1>;
-				#size-cells = <1>;
-
-				track@30 {
-					incline-up = < 48 32 16 >;
-				};
+&rides_1 {
 
-				track@40 {
-					incline-up = < 47 31 15 >;
-				};
-			};
+	#address-cells = <1>;
+	#size-cells = <1>;
+	status = "okay";
 
-			ride_200: ride@200 {
-				#address-cells = <1>;
-				#size-cells = <1>;
-				compatible = "ot,ferris-wheel";
-				reg = < 0x00000200 0x100 >;
-				hvac-provider = < &hvac_2 >;
-				hvac-thermostat = < 27 32 > ;
-				hvac-zones = < 12 5 >;
-				hvac-zone-names = "operator", "snack-bar";
-				spin-controller = < &spin_ctrl_1 3 >;
-				spin-rph = < 30 >;
-				gondolas = < 16 >;
-				gondola-capacity = < 6 >;
+	ride@100 {
+		#address-cells = <1>;
+		#size-cells = <1>;
 
-				ride_200_left: track@10 {
-					reg = < 0x00000010 0x10 >;
-				};
+		track@30 {
+			incline-up = < 48 32 16 >;
+		};
 
-				ride_200_right: track@20 {
-					reg = < 0x00000020 0x10 >;
-				};
-			};
+		track@40 {
+			incline-up = < 47 31 15 >;
 		};
 	};
 
-	fragment@2 {
-		target = <&lights_2>;
+	ride_200: ride@200 {
+		#address-cells = <1>;
+		#size-cells = <1>;
+		compatible = "ot,ferris-wheel";
+		reg = < 0x00000200 0x100 >;
+		hvac-provider = < &hvac_2 >;
+		hvac-thermostat = < 27 32 > ;
+		hvac-zones = < 12 5 >;
+		hvac-zone-names = "operator", "snack-bar";
+		spin-controller = < &spin_ctrl_1 3 >;
+		spin-rph = < 30 >;
+		gondolas = < 16 >;
+		gondola-capacity = < 6 >;
+
+		ride_200_left: track@10 {
+			reg = < 0x00000010 0x10 >;
+		};
 
-		__overlay__ {
-			status = "okay";
-			color = "purple", "white", "red", "green";
-			rate = < 3 256 >;
+		ride_200_right: track@20 {
+			reg = < 0x00000020 0x10 >;
 		};
 	};
+};
+
+&lights_2 {
 
+	status = "okay";
+	color = "purple", "white", "red", "green";
+	rate = < 3 256 >;
 };
diff --git a/drivers/of/unittest-data/overlay_0.dts b/drivers/of/unittest-data/overlay_0.dts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..ac0f9e0fe65f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drivers/of/unittest-data/overlay_0.dts
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/dts-v1/;
+/plugin/;
+
+/ {
+	/* overlay_0 - enable using absolute target path */
+
+	fragment@0 {
+		target-path = "/testcase-data/overlay-node/test-bus/test-unittest0";
+		__overlay__ {
+			status = "okay";
+		};
+	};
+};
diff --git a/drivers/of/unittest-data/overlay_1.dts b/drivers/of/unittest-data/overlay_1.dts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..e92a626e2948
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drivers/of/unittest-data/overlay_1.dts
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/dts-v1/;
+/plugin/;
+
+/ {
+	/* overlay_1 - disable using absolute target path */
+
+	fragment@0 {
+		target-path = "/testcase-data/overlay-node/test-bus/test-unittest1";
+		__overlay__ {
+			status = "disabled";
+		};
+	};
+};
diff --git a/drivers/of/unittest-data/overlay_10.dts b/drivers/of/unittest-data/overlay_10.dts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..73993bf23bf8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drivers/of/unittest-data/overlay_10.dts
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/dts-v1/;
+/plugin/;
+
+/* overlay_10 */
+/* overlays 8, 9, 10, 11 application and removal in bad sequence */
+
+&unittest_test_bus {
+	/* suppress DTC warning */
+	#address-cells = <1>;
+	#size-cells = <0>;
+
+	test-unittest10 {
+		compatible = "unittest";
+		status = "okay";
+		reg = <10>;
+
+		#address-cells = <1>;
+		#size-cells = <0>;
+
+		test-unittest101 {
+			compatible = "unittest";
+			status = "okay";
+			reg = <1>;
+		};
+	};
+};
diff --git a/drivers/of/unittest-data/overlay_11.dts b/drivers/of/unittest-data/overlay_11.dts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..9a79b253a809
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drivers/of/unittest-data/overlay_11.dts
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/dts-v1/;
+/plugin/;
+
+/* overlay_11 */
+/* overlays 8, 9, 10, 11 application and removal in bad sequence */
+
+&unittest_test_bus {
+	/* suppress DTC warning */
+	#address-cells = <1>;
+	#size-cells = <0>;
+
+	test-unittest11 {
+		compatible = "unittest";
+		status = "okay";
+		reg = <11>;
+
+		#address-cells = <1>;
+		#size-cells = <0>;
+
+		test-unittest111 {
+			compatible = "unittest";
+			status = "okay";
+			reg = <1>;
+		};
+
+	};
+};
diff --git a/drivers/of/unittest-data/overlay_12.dts b/drivers/of/unittest-data/overlay_12.dts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..ca3441e2cbec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drivers/of/unittest-data/overlay_12.dts
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/dts-v1/;
+/plugin/;
+
+/ {
+	/* overlay_12 - enable using absolute target path (i2c) */
+
+	fragment@0 {
+		target-path = "/testcase-data/overlay-node/test-bus/i2c-test-bus/test-unittest12";
+		__overlay__ {
+			status = "okay";
+		};
+	};
+};
diff --git a/drivers/of/unittest-data/overlay_13.dts b/drivers/of/unittest-data/overlay_13.dts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..3c30dec63894
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drivers/of/unittest-data/overlay_13.dts
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/dts-v1/;
+/plugin/;
+
+/ {
+	/* overlay_13 - disable using absolute target path (i2c) */
+
+	fragment@0 {
+		target-path = "/testcase-data/overlay-node/test-bus/i2c-test-bus/test-unittest13";
+		__overlay__ {
+			status = "disabled";
+		};
+	};
+};
diff --git a/drivers/of/unittest-data/overlay_15.dts b/drivers/of/unittest-data/overlay_15.dts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..b98f2514df4b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drivers/of/unittest-data/overlay_15.dts
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/dts-v1/;
+/plugin/;
+
+/* overlay_15 - mux overlay */
+
+&unittest_i2c_test_bus {
+	#address-cells = <1>;
+	#size-cells = <0>;
+	test-unittest15 {
+		reg = <11>;
+		compatible = "unittest-i2c-mux";
+		status = "okay";
+
+		#address-cells = <1>;
+		#size-cells = <0>;
+
+		i2c@0 {
+			#address-cells = <1>;
+			#size-cells = <0>;
+			reg = <0>;
+
+			test-mux-dev {
+				reg = <32>;
+				compatible = "unittest-i2c-dev";
+				status = "okay";
+			};
+		};
+	};
+};
diff --git a/drivers/of/unittest-data/overlay_2.dts b/drivers/of/unittest-data/overlay_2.dts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..db8684ba89d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drivers/of/unittest-data/overlay_2.dts
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/dts-v1/;
+/plugin/;
+
+/* overlay_2 -  enable using label */
+
+&unittest2 {
+	status = "okay";
+};
diff --git a/drivers/of/unittest-data/overlay_3.dts b/drivers/of/unittest-data/overlay_3.dts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..40f289e7c237
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drivers/of/unittest-data/overlay_3.dts
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/dts-v1/;
+/plugin/;
+
+/* overlay_3 - disable using label */
+
+&unittest3 {
+	status = "disabled";
+};
diff --git a/drivers/of/unittest-data/overlay_4.dts b/drivers/of/unittest-data/overlay_4.dts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..a8a77ddf9abe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drivers/of/unittest-data/overlay_4.dts
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/dts-v1/;
+/plugin/;
+
+/* overlay_4 - test insertion of a full node */
+
+&unittest_test_bus {
+
+	/* suppress DTC warning */
+	#address-cells = <1>;
+	#size-cells = <0>;
+
+	test-unittest4 {
+		compatible = "unittest";
+		status = "okay";
+		reg = <4>;
+	};
+};
diff --git a/drivers/of/unittest-data/overlay_5.dts b/drivers/of/unittest-data/overlay_5.dts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..706f5f1b737c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drivers/of/unittest-data/overlay_5.dts
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/dts-v1/;
+/plugin/;
+
+/* overlay_5 - test overlay apply revert */
+
+&unittest5 {
+	status = "okay";
+};
diff --git a/drivers/of/unittest-data/overlay_6.dts b/drivers/of/unittest-data/overlay_6.dts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..21a7fa4ca45e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drivers/of/unittest-data/overlay_6.dts
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/dts-v1/;
+/plugin/;
+
+/* overlay_6 */
+/* overlays 6, 7 application and removal in sequence */
+
+&unittest6 {
+	status = "okay";
+};
diff --git a/drivers/of/unittest-data/overlay_7.dts b/drivers/of/unittest-data/overlay_7.dts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..58ba1bb51b50
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drivers/of/unittest-data/overlay_7.dts
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/dts-v1/;
+/plugin/;
+
+/* overlay_7 */
+/* overlays 6, 7 application and removal in sequence */
+
+&unittest7 {
+	status = "okay";
+};
diff --git a/drivers/of/unittest-data/overlay_8.dts b/drivers/of/unittest-data/overlay_8.dts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..e9718d118e38
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drivers/of/unittest-data/overlay_8.dts
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/dts-v1/;
+/plugin/;
+
+/* overlay_8 */
+/* overlays 8, 9, 10, 11 application and removal in bad sequence */
+
+&unittest8 {
+	status = "okay";
+};
diff --git a/drivers/of/unittest-data/overlay_9.dts b/drivers/of/unittest-data/overlay_9.dts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..b35e23edae50
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drivers/of/unittest-data/overlay_9.dts
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/dts-v1/;
+/plugin/;
+
+/* overlay_9 */
+/* overlays 8, 9, 10, 11 application and removal in bad sequence */
+
+&unittest8 {
+	property-foo = "bar";
+};
diff --git a/drivers/of/unittest-data/overlay_bad_phandle.dts b/drivers/of/unittest-data/overlay_bad_phandle.dts
index 4d5b99723bad..83b797360318 100644
--- a/drivers/of/unittest-data/overlay_bad_phandle.dts
+++ b/drivers/of/unittest-data/overlay_bad_phandle.dts
@@ -2,20 +2,13 @@
 /dts-v1/;
 /plugin/;
 
-/ {
-
-	fragment@0 {
-		target = <&electric_1>;
-
-		__overlay__ {
-
-			// This label should cause an error when the overlay
-			// is applied.  There is already a phandle value
-			// in the base tree for motor-1.
-			spin_ctrl_1_conflict: motor-1 {
-				accelerate = < 3 >;
-				decelerate = < 5 >;
-			};
-		};
+&electric_1 {
+
+	// This label should cause an error when the overlay
+	// is applied.  There is already a phandle value
+	// in the base tree for motor-1.
+	spin_ctrl_1_conflict: motor-1 {
+		accelerate = < 3 >;
+		decelerate = < 5 >;
 	};
 };
diff --git a/drivers/of/unittest-data/overlay_bad_symbol.dts b/drivers/of/unittest-data/overlay_bad_symbol.dts
index 135052ee1517..98c6d1de144a 100644
--- a/drivers/of/unittest-data/overlay_bad_symbol.dts
+++ b/drivers/of/unittest-data/overlay_bad_symbol.dts
@@ -2,22 +2,15 @@
 /dts-v1/;
 /plugin/;
 
-/ {
+&electric_1 {
 
-	fragment@0 {
-		target = <&electric_1>;
-
-		__overlay__ {
-
-			// This label should cause an error when the overlay
-			// is applied.  There is already a symbol hvac_1
-			// in the base tree
-			hvac_1: hvac-medium-2 {
-				compatible = "ot,hvac-medium";
-				heat-range = < 50 75 >;
-				cool-range = < 60 80 >;
-			};
-
-		};
+	// This label should cause an error when the overlay
+	// is applied.  There is already a symbol hvac_1
+	// in the base tree
+	hvac_1: hvac-medium-2 {
+		compatible = "ot,hvac-medium";
+		heat-range = < 50 75 >;
+		cool-range = < 60 80 >;
 	};
+
 };
diff --git a/drivers/of/unittest-data/tests-overlay.dtsi b/drivers/of/unittest-data/tests-overlay.dtsi
index 7b8001ab9f3a..25cf397b8f6b 100644
--- a/drivers/of/unittest-data/tests-overlay.dtsi
+++ b/drivers/of/unittest-data/tests-overlay.dtsi
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 		overlay-node {
 
 			/* test bus */
-			unittestbus: test-bus {
+			unittest_test_bus: test-bus {
 				compatible = "simple-bus";
 				#address-cells = <1>;
 				#size-cells = <0>;
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@
 					reg = <8>;
 				};
 
-				i2c-test-bus {
+				unittest_i2c_test_bus: i2c-test-bus {
 					compatible = "unittest-i2c-bus";
 					status = "okay";
 					reg = <50>;
@@ -113,218 +113,5 @@
 				};
 			};
 		};
-
-		/* test enable using absolute target path */
-		overlay0 {
-			fragment@0 {
-				target-path = "/testcase-data/overlay-node/test-bus/test-unittest0";
-				__overlay__ {
-					status = "okay";
-				};
-			};
-		};
-
-		/* test disable using absolute target path */
-		overlay1 {
-			fragment@0 {
-				target-path = "/testcase-data/overlay-node/test-bus/test-unittest1";
-				__overlay__ {
-					status = "disabled";
-				};
-			};
-		};
-
-		/* test enable using label */
-		overlay2 {
-			fragment@0 {
-				target = <&unittest2>;
-				__overlay__ {
-					status = "okay";
-				};
-			};
-		};
-
-		/* test disable using label */
-		overlay3 {
-			fragment@0 {
-				target = <&unittest3>;
-				__overlay__ {
-					status = "disabled";
-				};
-			};
-		};
-
-		/* test insertion of a full node */
-		overlay4 {
-			fragment@0 {
-				target = <&unittestbus>;
-				__overlay__ {
-
-					/* suppress DTC warning */
-					#address-cells = <1>;
-					#size-cells = <0>;
-
-					test-unittest4 {
-						compatible = "unittest";
-						status = "okay";
-						reg = <4>;
-					};
-				};
-			};
-		};
-
-		/* test overlay apply revert */
-		overlay5 {
-			fragment@0 {
-				target-path = "/testcase-data/overlay-node/test-bus/test-unittest5";
-				__overlay__ {
-					status = "okay";
-				};
-			};
-		};
-
-		/* test overlays application and removal in sequence */
-		overlay6 {
-			fragment@0 {
-				target-path = "/testcase-data/overlay-node/test-bus/test-unittest6";
-				__overlay__ {
-					status = "okay";
-				};
-			};
-		};
-		overlay7 {
-			fragment@0 {
-				target-path = "/testcase-data/overlay-node/test-bus/test-unittest7";
-				__overlay__ {
-					status = "okay";
-				};
-			};
-		};
-
-		/* test overlays application and removal in bad sequence */
-		overlay8 {
-			fragment@0 {
-				target-path = "/testcase-data/overlay-node/test-bus/test-unittest8";
-				__overlay__ {
-					status = "okay";
-				};
-			};
-		};
-		overlay9 {
-			fragment@0 {
-				target-path = "/testcase-data/overlay-node/test-bus/test-unittest8";
-				__overlay__ {
-					property-foo = "bar";
-				};
-			};
-		};
-
-		overlay10 {
-			fragment@0 {
-				target-path = "/testcase-data/overlay-node/test-bus";
-				__overlay__ {
-
-					/* suppress DTC warning */
-					#address-cells = <1>;
-					#size-cells = <0>;
-
-					test-unittest10 {
-						compatible = "unittest";
-						status = "okay";
-						reg = <10>;
-
-						#address-cells = <1>;
-						#size-cells = <0>;
-
-						test-unittest101 {
-							compatible = "unittest";
-							status = "okay";
-							reg = <1>;
-						};
-
-					};
-				};
-			};
-		};
-
-		overlay11 {
-			fragment@0 {
-				target-path = "/testcase-data/overlay-node/test-bus";
-				__overlay__ {
-
-					/* suppress DTC warning */
-					#address-cells = <1>;
-					#size-cells = <0>;
-
-					test-unittest11 {
-						compatible = "unittest";
-						status = "okay";
-						reg = <11>;
-
-						#address-cells = <1>;
-						#size-cells = <0>;
-
-						test-unittest111 {
-							compatible = "unittest";
-							status = "okay";
-							reg = <1>;
-						};
-
-					};
-				};
-			};
-		};
-
-		/* test enable using absolute target path (i2c) */
-		overlay12 {
-			fragment@0 {
-				target-path = "/testcase-data/overlay-node/test-bus/i2c-test-bus/test-unittest12";
-				__overlay__ {
-					status = "okay";
-				};
-			};
-		};
-
-		/* test disable using absolute target path (i2c) */
-		overlay13 {
-			fragment@0 {
-				target-path = "/testcase-data/overlay-node/test-bus/i2c-test-bus/test-unittest13";
-				__overlay__ {
-					status = "disabled";
-				};
-			};
-		};
-
-		/* test mux overlay */
-		overlay15 {
-			fragment@0 {
-				target-path = "/testcase-data/overlay-node/test-bus/i2c-test-bus";
-				__overlay__ {
-					#address-cells = <1>;
-					#size-cells = <0>;
-					test-unittest15 {
-						reg = <11>;
-						compatible = "unittest-i2c-mux";
-						status = "okay";
-
-						#address-cells = <1>;
-						#size-cells = <0>;
-
-						i2c@0 {
-							#address-cells = <1>;
-							#size-cells = <0>;
-							reg = <0>;
-
-							test-mux-dev {
-								reg = <32>;
-								compatible = "unittest-i2c-dev";
-								status = "okay";
-							};
-						};
-					};
-				};
-			};
-		};
-
 	};
 };
diff --git a/drivers/of/unittest.c b/drivers/of/unittest.c
index 8e23b51eead1..1a984586ef5c 100644
--- a/drivers/of/unittest.c
+++ b/drivers/of/unittest.c
@@ -45,6 +45,8 @@ static struct unittest_results {
 	failed; \
 })
 
+static int __init overlay_data_apply(const char *overlay_name, int *overlay_id);
+
 static void __init of_unittest_find_node_by_name(void)
 {
 	struct device_node *np;
@@ -1116,8 +1118,7 @@ static int __init unittest_data_add(void)
 	}
 
 	/*
-	 * This lock normally encloses of_overlay_apply() as well as
-	 * of_resolve_phandles().
+	 * This lock normally encloses of_resolve_phandles()
 	 */
 	of_overlay_mutex_lock();
 
@@ -1310,12 +1311,12 @@ static int of_unittest_device_exists(int unittest_nr, enum overlay_type ovtype)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static const char *overlay_path(int nr)
+static const char *overlay_name_from_nr(int nr)
 {
 	static char buf[256];
 
 	snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf) - 1,
-		"/testcase-data/overlay%d", nr);
+		"overlay_%d", nr);
 	buf[sizeof(buf) - 1] = '\0';
 
 	return buf;
@@ -1382,25 +1383,19 @@ static void of_unittest_destroy_tracked_overlays(void)
 	} while (defers > 0);
 }
 
-static int of_unittest_apply_overlay(int overlay_nr, int unittest_nr,
+static int __init of_unittest_apply_overlay(int overlay_nr, int unittest_nr,
 		int *overlay_id)
 {
 	struct device_node *np = NULL;
+	const char *overlay_name;
 	int ret;
 
-	np = of_find_node_by_path(overlay_path(overlay_nr));
-	if (np == NULL) {
-		unittest(0, "could not find overlay node @\"%s\"\n",
-				overlay_path(overlay_nr));
-		ret = -EINVAL;
-		goto out;
-	}
+	overlay_name = overlay_name_from_nr(overlay_nr);
 
-	*overlay_id = 0;
-	ret = of_overlay_apply(np, overlay_id);
-	if (ret < 0) {
-		unittest(0, "could not create overlay from \"%s\"\n",
-				overlay_path(overlay_nr));
+	ret = overlay_data_apply(overlay_name, overlay_id);
+	if (!ret) {
+		unittest(0, "could not apply overlay \"%s\"\n",
+				overlay_name);
 		goto out;
 	}
 	of_unittest_track_overlay(*overlay_id);
@@ -1414,15 +1409,16 @@ out:
 }
 
 /* apply an overlay while checking before and after states */
-static int of_unittest_apply_overlay_check(int overlay_nr, int unittest_nr,
-		int before, int after, enum overlay_type ovtype)
+static int __init of_unittest_apply_overlay_check(int overlay_nr,
+		int unittest_nr, int before, int after,
+		enum overlay_type ovtype)
 {
 	int ret, ovcs_id;
 
 	/* unittest device must not be in before state */
 	if (of_unittest_device_exists(unittest_nr, ovtype) != before) {
-		unittest(0, "overlay @\"%s\" with device @\"%s\" %s\n",
-				overlay_path(overlay_nr),
+		unittest(0, "%s with device @\"%s\" %s\n",
+				overlay_name_from_nr(overlay_nr),
 				unittest_path(unittest_nr, ovtype),
 				!before ? "enabled" : "disabled");
 		return -EINVAL;
@@ -1437,8 +1433,8 @@ static int of_unittest_apply_overlay_check(int overlay_nr, int unittest_nr,
 
 	/* unittest device must be to set to after state */
 	if (of_unittest_device_exists(unittest_nr, ovtype) != after) {
-		unittest(0, "overlay @\"%s\" failed to create @\"%s\" %s\n",
-				overlay_path(overlay_nr),
+		unittest(0, "%s failed to create @\"%s\" %s\n",
+				overlay_name_from_nr(overlay_nr),
 				unittest_path(unittest_nr, ovtype),
 				!after ? "enabled" : "disabled");
 		return -EINVAL;
@@ -1448,7 +1444,7 @@ static int of_unittest_apply_overlay_check(int overlay_nr, int unittest_nr,
 }
 
 /* apply an overlay and then revert it while checking before, after states */
-static int of_unittest_apply_revert_overlay_check(int overlay_nr,
+static int __init of_unittest_apply_revert_overlay_check(int overlay_nr,
 		int unittest_nr, int before, int after,
 		enum overlay_type ovtype)
 {
@@ -1456,8 +1452,8 @@ static int of_unittest_apply_revert_overlay_check(int overlay_nr,
 
 	/* unittest device must be in before state */
 	if (of_unittest_device_exists(unittest_nr, ovtype) != before) {
-		unittest(0, "overlay @\"%s\" with device @\"%s\" %s\n",
-				overlay_path(overlay_nr),
+		unittest(0, "%s with device @\"%s\" %s\n",
+				overlay_name_from_nr(overlay_nr),
 				unittest_path(unittest_nr, ovtype),
 				!before ? "enabled" : "disabled");
 		return -EINVAL;
@@ -1473,8 +1469,8 @@ static int of_unittest_apply_revert_overlay_check(int overlay_nr,
 
 	/* unittest device must be in after state */
 	if (of_unittest_device_exists(unittest_nr, ovtype) != after) {
-		unittest(0, "overlay @\"%s\" failed to create @\"%s\" %s\n",
-				overlay_path(overlay_nr),
+		unittest(0, "%s failed to create @\"%s\" %s\n",
+				overlay_name_from_nr(overlay_nr),
 				unittest_path(unittest_nr, ovtype),
 				!after ? "enabled" : "disabled");
 		return -EINVAL;
@@ -1482,16 +1478,16 @@ static int of_unittest_apply_revert_overlay_check(int overlay_nr,
 
 	ret = of_overlay_remove(&ovcs_id);
 	if (ret != 0) {
-		unittest(0, "overlay @\"%s\" failed to be destroyed @\"%s\"\n",
-				overlay_path(overlay_nr),
+		unittest(0, "%s failed to be destroyed @\"%s\"\n",
+				overlay_name_from_nr(overlay_nr),
 				unittest_path(unittest_nr, ovtype));
 		return ret;
 	}
 
 	/* unittest device must be again in before state */
 	if (of_unittest_device_exists(unittest_nr, PDEV_OVERLAY) != before) {
-		unittest(0, "overlay @\"%s\" with device @\"%s\" %s\n",
-				overlay_path(overlay_nr),
+		unittest(0, "%s with device @\"%s\" %s\n",
+				overlay_name_from_nr(overlay_nr),
 				unittest_path(unittest_nr, ovtype),
 				!before ? "enabled" : "disabled");
 		return -EINVAL;
@@ -1501,7 +1497,7 @@ static int of_unittest_apply_revert_overlay_check(int overlay_nr,
 }
 
 /* test activation of device */
-static void of_unittest_overlay_0(void)
+static void __init of_unittest_overlay_0(void)
 {
 	int ret;
 
@@ -1514,7 +1510,7 @@ static void of_unittest_overlay_0(void)
 }
 
 /* test deactivation of device */
-static void of_unittest_overlay_1(void)
+static void __init of_unittest_overlay_1(void)
 {
 	int ret;
 
@@ -1527,7 +1523,7 @@ static void of_unittest_overlay_1(void)
 }
 
 /* test activation of device */
-static void of_unittest_overlay_2(void)
+static void __init of_unittest_overlay_2(void)
 {
 	int ret;
 
@@ -1540,7 +1536,7 @@ static void of_unittest_overlay_2(void)
 }
 
 /* test deactivation of device */
-static void of_unittest_overlay_3(void)
+static void __init of_unittest_overlay_3(void)
 {
 	int ret;
 
@@ -1553,7 +1549,7 @@ static void of_unittest_overlay_3(void)
 }
 
 /* test activation of a full device node */
-static void of_unittest_overlay_4(void)
+static void __init of_unittest_overlay_4(void)
 {
 	int ret;
 
@@ -1566,7 +1562,7 @@ static void of_unittest_overlay_4(void)
 }
 
 /* test overlay apply/revert sequence */
-static void of_unittest_overlay_5(void)
+static void __init of_unittest_overlay_5(void)
 {
 	int ret;
 
@@ -1579,19 +1575,19 @@ static void of_unittest_overlay_5(void)
 }
 
 /* test overlay application in sequence */
-static void of_unittest_overlay_6(void)
+static void __init of_unittest_overlay_6(void)
 {
-	struct device_node *np;
 	int ret, i, ov_id[2], ovcs_id;
 	int overlay_nr = 6, unittest_nr = 6;
 	int before = 0, after = 1;
+	const char *overlay_name;
 
 	/* unittest device must be in before state */
 	for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
 		if (of_unittest_device_exists(unittest_nr + i, PDEV_OVERLAY)
 				!= before) {
-			unittest(0, "overlay @\"%s\" with device @\"%s\" %s\n",
-					overlay_path(overlay_nr + i),
+			unittest(0, "%s with device @\"%s\" %s\n",
+					overlay_name_from_nr(overlay_nr + i),
 					unittest_path(unittest_nr + i,
 						PDEV_OVERLAY),
 					!before ? "enabled" : "disabled");
@@ -1602,18 +1598,12 @@ static void of_unittest_overlay_6(void)
 	/* apply the overlays */
 	for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
 
-		np = of_find_node_by_path(overlay_path(overlay_nr + i));
-		if (np == NULL) {
-			unittest(0, "could not find overlay node @\"%s\"\n",
-					overlay_path(overlay_nr + i));
-			return;
-		}
+		overlay_name = overlay_name_from_nr(overlay_nr + i);
 
-		ovcs_id = 0;
-		ret = of_overlay_apply(np, &ovcs_id);
-		if (ret < 0)  {
-			unittest(0, "could not create overlay from \"%s\"\n",
-					overlay_path(overlay_nr + i));
+		ret = overlay_data_apply(overlay_name, &ovcs_id);
+		if (!ret)  {
+			unittest(0, "could not apply overlay \"%s\"\n",
+					overlay_name);
 			return;
 		}
 		ov_id[i] = ovcs_id;
@@ -1625,7 +1615,7 @@ static void of_unittest_overlay_6(void)
 		if (of_unittest_device_exists(unittest_nr + i, PDEV_OVERLAY)
 				!= after) {
 			unittest(0, "overlay @\"%s\" failed @\"%s\" %s\n",
-					overlay_path(overlay_nr + i),
+					overlay_name_from_nr(overlay_nr + i),
 					unittest_path(unittest_nr + i,
 						PDEV_OVERLAY),
 					!after ? "enabled" : "disabled");
@@ -1637,8 +1627,8 @@ static void of_unittest_overlay_6(void)
 		ovcs_id = ov_id[i];
 		ret = of_overlay_remove(&ovcs_id);
 		if (ret != 0) {
-			unittest(0, "overlay @\"%s\" failed destroy @\"%s\"\n",
-					overlay_path(overlay_nr + i),
+			unittest(0, "%s failed destroy @\"%s\"\n",
+					overlay_name_from_nr(overlay_nr + i),
 					unittest_path(unittest_nr + i,
 						PDEV_OVERLAY));
 			return;
@@ -1650,8 +1640,8 @@ static void of_unittest_overlay_6(void)
 		/* unittest device must be again in before state */
 		if (of_unittest_device_exists(unittest_nr + i, PDEV_OVERLAY)
 				!= before) {
-			unittest(0, "overlay @\"%s\" with device @\"%s\" %s\n",
-					overlay_path(overlay_nr + i),
+			unittest(0, "%s with device @\"%s\" %s\n",
+					overlay_name_from_nr(overlay_nr + i),
 					unittest_path(unittest_nr + i,
 						PDEV_OVERLAY),
 					!before ? "enabled" : "disabled");
@@ -1663,29 +1653,23 @@ static void of_unittest_overlay_6(void)
 }
 
 /* test overlay application in sequence */
-static void of_unittest_overlay_8(void)
+static void __init of_unittest_overlay_8(void)
 {
-	struct device_node *np;
 	int ret, i, ov_id[2], ovcs_id;
 	int overlay_nr = 8, unittest_nr = 8;
+	const char *overlay_name;
 
 	/* we don't care about device state in this test */
 
 	/* apply the overlays */
 	for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
 
-		np = of_find_node_by_path(overlay_path(overlay_nr + i));
-		if (np == NULL) {
-			unittest(0, "could not find overlay node @\"%s\"\n",
-					overlay_path(overlay_nr + i));
-			return;
-		}
+		overlay_name = overlay_name_from_nr(overlay_nr + i);
 
-		ovcs_id = 0;
-		ret = of_overlay_apply(np, &ovcs_id);
+		ret = overlay_data_apply(overlay_name, &ovcs_id);
 		if (ret < 0)  {
-			unittest(0, "could not create overlay from \"%s\"\n",
-					overlay_path(overlay_nr + i));
+			unittest(0, "could not apply overlay \"%s\"\n",
+					overlay_name);
 			return;
 		}
 		ov_id[i] = ovcs_id;
@@ -1696,8 +1680,8 @@ static void of_unittest_overlay_8(void)
 	ovcs_id = ov_id[0];
 	ret = of_overlay_remove(&ovcs_id);
 	if (ret == 0) {
-		unittest(0, "overlay @\"%s\" was destroyed @\"%s\"\n",
-				overlay_path(overlay_nr + 0),
+		unittest(0, "%s was destroyed @\"%s\"\n",
+				overlay_name_from_nr(overlay_nr + 0),
 				unittest_path(unittest_nr,
 					PDEV_OVERLAY));
 		return;
@@ -1708,8 +1692,8 @@ static void of_unittest_overlay_8(void)
 		ovcs_id = ov_id[i];
 		ret = of_overlay_remove(&ovcs_id);
 		if (ret != 0) {
-			unittest(0, "overlay @\"%s\" not destroyed @\"%s\"\n",
-					overlay_path(overlay_nr + i),
+			unittest(0, "%s not destroyed @\"%s\"\n",
+					overlay_name_from_nr(overlay_nr + i),
 					unittest_path(unittest_nr,
 						PDEV_OVERLAY));
 			return;
@@ -1721,7 +1705,7 @@ static void of_unittest_overlay_8(void)
 }
 
 /* test insertion of a bus with parent devices */
-static void of_unittest_overlay_10(void)
+static void __init of_unittest_overlay_10(void)
 {
 	int ret;
 	char *child_path;
@@ -1744,7 +1728,7 @@ static void of_unittest_overlay_10(void)
 }
 
 /* test insertion of a bus with parent devices (and revert) */
-static void of_unittest_overlay_11(void)
+static void __init of_unittest_overlay_11(void)
 {
 	int ret;
 
@@ -2010,7 +1994,7 @@ static void of_unittest_overlay_i2c_cleanup(void)
 	i2c_del_driver(&unittest_i2c_dev_driver);
 }
 
-static void of_unittest_overlay_i2c_12(void)
+static void __init of_unittest_overlay_i2c_12(void)
 {
 	int ret;
 
@@ -2023,7 +2007,7 @@ static void of_unittest_overlay_i2c_12(void)
 }
 
 /* test deactivation of device */
-static void of_unittest_overlay_i2c_13(void)
+static void __init of_unittest_overlay_i2c_13(void)
 {
 	int ret;
 
@@ -2040,7 +2024,7 @@ static void of_unittest_overlay_i2c_14(void)
 {
 }
 
-static void of_unittest_overlay_i2c_15(void)
+static void __init of_unittest_overlay_i2c_15(void)
 {
 	int ret;
 
@@ -2142,23 +2126,38 @@ static inline void __init of_unittest_overlay(void) { }
 	extern uint8_t __dtb_##name##_begin[]; \
 	extern uint8_t __dtb_##name##_end[]
 
-#define OVERLAY_INFO(name, expected) \
-{	.dtb_begin	 = __dtb_##name##_begin, \
-	.dtb_end	 = __dtb_##name##_end, \
-	.expected_result = expected, \
+#define OVERLAY_INFO(overlay_name, expected)             \
+{	.dtb_begin       = __dtb_##overlay_name##_begin, \
+	.dtb_end         = __dtb_##overlay_name##_end,   \
+	.expected_result = expected,                     \
+	.name            = #overlay_name,                \
 }
 
 struct overlay_info {
-	uint8_t		   *dtb_begin;
-	uint8_t		   *dtb_end;
-	void		   *data;
-	struct device_node *np_overlay;
-	int		   expected_result;
-	int		   overlay_id;
+	uint8_t		*dtb_begin;
+	uint8_t		*dtb_end;
+	int		expected_result;
+	int		overlay_id;
+	char		*name;
 };
 
 OVERLAY_INFO_EXTERN(overlay_base);
 OVERLAY_INFO_EXTERN(overlay);
+OVERLAY_INFO_EXTERN(overlay_0);
+OVERLAY_INFO_EXTERN(overlay_1);
+OVERLAY_INFO_EXTERN(overlay_2);
+OVERLAY_INFO_EXTERN(overlay_3);
+OVERLAY_INFO_EXTERN(overlay_4);
+OVERLAY_INFO_EXTERN(overlay_5);
+OVERLAY_INFO_EXTERN(overlay_6);
+OVERLAY_INFO_EXTERN(overlay_7);
+OVERLAY_INFO_EXTERN(overlay_8);
+OVERLAY_INFO_EXTERN(overlay_9);
+OVERLAY_INFO_EXTERN(overlay_10);
+OVERLAY_INFO_EXTERN(overlay_11);
+OVERLAY_INFO_EXTERN(overlay_12);
+OVERLAY_INFO_EXTERN(overlay_13);
+OVERLAY_INFO_EXTERN(overlay_15);
 OVERLAY_INFO_EXTERN(overlay_bad_phandle);
 OVERLAY_INFO_EXTERN(overlay_bad_symbol);
 
@@ -2166,6 +2165,21 @@ OVERLAY_INFO_EXTERN(overlay_bad_symbol);
 static struct overlay_info overlays[] = {
 	OVERLAY_INFO(overlay_base, -9999),
 	OVERLAY_INFO(overlay, 0),
+	OVERLAY_INFO(overlay_0, 0),
+	OVERLAY_INFO(overlay_1, 0),
+	OVERLAY_INFO(overlay_2, 0),
+	OVERLAY_INFO(overlay_3, 0),
+	OVERLAY_INFO(overlay_4, 0),
+	OVERLAY_INFO(overlay_5, 0),
+	OVERLAY_INFO(overlay_6, 0),
+	OVERLAY_INFO(overlay_7, 0),
+	OVERLAY_INFO(overlay_8, 0),
+	OVERLAY_INFO(overlay_9, 0),
+	OVERLAY_INFO(overlay_10, 0),
+	OVERLAY_INFO(overlay_11, 0),
+	OVERLAY_INFO(overlay_12, 0),
+	OVERLAY_INFO(overlay_13, 0),
+	OVERLAY_INFO(overlay_15, 0),
 	OVERLAY_INFO(overlay_bad_phandle, -EINVAL),
 	OVERLAY_INFO(overlay_bad_symbol, -EINVAL),
 	{}
@@ -2196,6 +2210,7 @@ void __init unittest_unflatten_overlay_base(void)
 {
 	struct overlay_info *info;
 	u32 data_size;
+	void *new_fdt;
 	u32 size;
 
 	info = &overlays[0];
@@ -2217,17 +2232,16 @@ void __init unittest_unflatten_overlay_base(void)
 		return;
 	}
 
-	info->data = dt_alloc_memory(size, roundup_pow_of_two(FDT_V17_SIZE));
-	if (!info->data) {
+	new_fdt = dt_alloc_memory(size, roundup_pow_of_two(FDT_V17_SIZE));
+	if (!new_fdt) {
 		pr_err("alloc for dtb 'overlay_base' failed");
 		return;
 	}
 
-	memcpy(info->data, info->dtb_begin, size);
+	memcpy(new_fdt, info->dtb_begin, size);
 
-	__unflatten_device_tree(info->data, NULL, &info->np_overlay,
+	__unflatten_device_tree(new_fdt, NULL, &overlay_base_root,
 				dt_alloc_memory, true);
-	overlay_base_root = info->np_overlay;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -2241,73 +2255,44 @@ void __init unittest_unflatten_overlay_base(void)
  *
  * Return 0 on unexpected error.
  */
-static int __init overlay_data_add(int onum)
+static int __init overlay_data_apply(const char *overlay_name, int *overlay_id)
 {
 	struct overlay_info *info;
+	int found = 0;
 	int k;
 	int ret;
 	u32 size;
-	u32 size_from_header;
 
-	for (k = 0, info = overlays; info; info++, k++) {
-		if (k == onum)
+	for (k = 0, info = overlays; info && info->name; info++, k++) {
+		if (!strcmp(overlay_name, info->name)) {
+			found = 1;
 			break;
+		}
 	}
-	if (onum > k)
+	if (!found) {
+		pr_err("no overlay data for %s\n", overlay_name);
 		return 0;
+	}
 
 	size = info->dtb_end - info->dtb_begin;
 	if (!size) {
-		pr_err("no overlay to attach, %d\n", onum);
+		pr_err("no overlay data for %s\n", overlay_name);
 		ret = 0;
 	}
 
-	size_from_header = fdt_totalsize(info->dtb_begin);
-	if (size_from_header != size) {
-		pr_err("overlay header totalsize != actual size, %d", onum);
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Must create permanent copy of FDT because of_fdt_unflatten_tree()
-	 * will create pointers to the passed in FDT in the EDT.
-	 */
-	info->data = kmemdup(info->dtb_begin, size, GFP_KERNEL);
-	if (!info->data) {
-		pr_err("unable to allocate memory for data, %d\n", onum);
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	of_fdt_unflatten_tree(info->data, NULL, &info->np_overlay);
-	if (!info->np_overlay) {
-		pr_err("unable to unflatten overlay, %d\n", onum);
-		ret = 0;
-		goto out_free_data;
-	}
-
-	info->overlay_id = 0;
-	ret = of_overlay_apply(info->np_overlay, &info->overlay_id);
-	if (ret < 0) {
-		pr_err("of_overlay_apply() (ret=%d), %d\n", ret, onum);
-		goto out_free_np_overlay;
-	}
-
-	pr_debug("__dtb_overlay_begin applied, overlay id %d\n", ret);
-
-	goto out;
-
-out_free_np_overlay:
-	/*
-	 * info->np_overlay is the unflattened device tree
-	 * It has not been spliced into the live tree.
-	 */
-
-	/* todo: function to free unflattened device tree */
+	ret = of_overlay_fdt_apply(info->dtb_begin, size, &info->overlay_id);
+	if (overlay_id)
+		*overlay_id = info->overlay_id;
+	if (ret < 0)
+		goto out;
 
-out_free_data:
-	kfree(info->data);
+	pr_debug("%s applied\n", overlay_name);
 
 out:
+	if (ret != info->expected_result)
+		pr_err("of_overlay_fdt_apply() expected %d, ret=%d, %s\n",
+		       info->expected_result, ret, overlay_name);
+
 	return (ret == info->expected_result);
 }
 
@@ -2409,18 +2394,29 @@ static __init void of_unittest_overlay_high_level(void)
 		__of_attach_node_sysfs(np);
 
 	if (of_symbols) {
+		struct property *new_prop;
 		for_each_property_of_node(overlay_base_symbols, prop) {
-			ret = __of_add_property(of_symbols, prop);
+
+			new_prop = __of_prop_dup(prop, GFP_KERNEL);
+			if (!new_prop) {
+				unittest(0, "__of_prop_dup() of '%s' from overlay_base node __symbols__",
+					 prop->name);
+				goto err_unlock;
+			}
+			ret = __of_add_property(of_symbols, new_prop);
 			if (ret) {
-				unittest(0,
-					 "duplicate property '%s' in overlay_base node __symbols__",
+				if (!strcmp(new_prop->name, "name")) {
+					/* auto-generated by unflatten */
+					ret = 0;
+					continue;
+				}
+				unittest(0, "duplicate property '%s' in overlay_base node __symbols__",
 					 prop->name);
 				goto err_unlock;
 			}
-			ret = __of_add_property_sysfs(of_symbols, prop);
+			ret = __of_add_property_sysfs(of_symbols, new_prop);
 			if (ret) {
-				unittest(0,
-					 "unable to add property '%s' in overlay_base node __symbols__ to sysfs",
+				unittest(0, "unable to add property '%s' in overlay_base node __symbols__ to sysfs",
 					 prop->name);
 				goto err_unlock;
 			}
@@ -2432,13 +2428,13 @@ static __init void of_unittest_overlay_high_level(void)
 
 	/* now do the normal overlay usage test */
 
-	unittest(overlay_data_add(1),
+	unittest(overlay_data_apply("overlay", NULL),
 		 "Adding overlay 'overlay' failed\n");
 
-	unittest(overlay_data_add(2),
+	unittest(overlay_data_apply("overlay_bad_phandle", NULL),
 		 "Adding overlay 'overlay_bad_phandle' failed\n");
 
-	unittest(overlay_data_add(3),
+	unittest(overlay_data_apply("overlay_bad_symbol", NULL),
 		 "Adding overlay 'overlay_bad_symbol' failed\n");
 
 	return;
diff --git a/include/linux/of.h b/include/linux/of.h
index 7258bbc85e4e..4d25e4f952d9 100644
--- a/include/linux/of.h
+++ b/include/linux/of.h
@@ -1371,8 +1371,8 @@ struct of_overlay_notify_data {
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_OF_OVERLAY
 
-/* ID based overlays; the API for external users */
-int of_overlay_apply(struct device_node *tree, int *ovcs_id);
+int of_overlay_fdt_apply(const void *overlay_fdt, u32 overlay_fdt_size,
+			 int *ovcs_id);
 int of_overlay_remove(int *ovcs_id);
 int of_overlay_remove_all(void);
 
@@ -1381,7 +1381,7 @@ int of_overlay_notifier_unregister(struct notifier_block *nb);
 
 #else
 
-static inline int of_overlay_apply(struct device_node *tree, int *ovcs_id)
+static inline int of_overlay_fdt_apply(void *overlay_fdt, int *ovcs_id)
 {
 	return -ENOTSUPP;
 }