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authorMauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@s-opensource.com>2016-09-21 13:40:21 +0200
committerMauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@s-opensource.com>2016-10-24 12:12:35 +0200
commit186128f75392f8478ad1b32a675627d738881ca4 (patch)
treec72c5e91c636e58ae0a9496fb2759074f484244f /Documentation/email-clients.txt
parentdocs: rename development-process/ to process/ (diff)
downloadlinux-186128f75392f8478ad1b32a675627d738881ca4.tar.xz
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docs-rst: add documents to development-process
Add several documents to the development-process ReST book. As we don't want renames, use symlinks instead, keeping those documents on their original place. Acked-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@s-opensource.com>
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-.. _email_clients:
-
-Email clients info for Linux
-============================
-
-Git
----
-
-These days most developers use ``git send-email`` instead of regular
-email clients. The man page for this is quite good. On the receiving
-end, maintainers use ``git am`` to apply the patches.
-
-If you are new to ``git`` then send your first patch to yourself. Save it
-as raw text including all the headers. Run ``git am raw_email.txt`` and
-then review the changelog with ``git log``. When that works then send
-the patch to the appropriate mailing list(s).
-
-General Preferences
--------------------
-
-Patches for the Linux kernel are submitted via email, preferably as
-inline text in the body of the email. Some maintainers accept
-attachments, but then the attachments should have content-type
-``text/plain``. However, attachments are generally frowned upon because
-it makes quoting portions of the patch more difficult in the patch
-review process.
-
-Email clients that are used for Linux kernel patches should send the
-patch text untouched. For example, they should not modify or delete tabs
-or spaces, even at the beginning or end of lines.
-
-Don't send patches with ``format=flowed``. This can cause unexpected
-and unwanted line breaks.
-
-Don't let your email client do automatic word wrapping for you.
-This can also corrupt your patch.
-
-Email clients should not modify the character set encoding of the text.
-Emailed patches should be in ASCII or UTF-8 encoding only.
-If you configure your email client to send emails with UTF-8 encoding,
-you avoid some possible charset problems.
-
-Email clients should generate and maintain References: or In-Reply-To:
-headers so that mail threading is not broken.
-
-Copy-and-paste (or cut-and-paste) usually does not work for patches
-because tabs are converted to spaces. Using xclipboard, xclip, and/or
-xcutsel may work, but it's best to test this for yourself or just avoid
-copy-and-paste.
-
-Don't use PGP/GPG signatures in mail that contains patches.
-This breaks many scripts that read and apply the patches.
-(This should be fixable.)
-
-It's a good idea to send a patch to yourself, save the received message,
-and successfully apply it with 'patch' before sending patches to Linux
-mailing lists.
-
-
-Some email client (MUA) hints
------------------------------
-
-Here are some specific MUA configuration hints for editing and sending
-patches for the Linux kernel. These are not meant to be complete
-software package configuration summaries.
-
-
-Legend:
-
-- TUI = text-based user interface
-- GUI = graphical user interface
-
-Alpine (TUI)
-************
-
-Config options:
-
-In the :menuselection:`Sending Preferences` section:
-
-- :menuselection:`Do Not Send Flowed Text` must be ``enabled``
-- :menuselection:`Strip Whitespace Before Sending` must be ``disabled``
-
-When composing the message, the cursor should be placed where the patch
-should appear, and then pressing :kbd:`CTRL-R` let you specify the patch file
-to insert into the message.
-
-Claws Mail (GUI)
-****************
-
-Works. Some people use this successfully for patches.
-
-To insert a patch use :menuselection:`Message-->Insert` File (:kbd:`CTRL-I`)
-or an external editor.
-
-If the inserted patch has to be edited in the Claws composition window
-"Auto wrapping" in
-:menuselection:`Configuration-->Preferences-->Compose-->Wrapping` should be
-disabled.
-
-Evolution (GUI)
-***************
-
-Some people use this successfully for patches.
-
-When composing mail select: Preformat
- from :menuselection:`Format-->Paragraph Style-->Preformatted` (:kbd:`CTRL-7`)
- or the toolbar
-
-Then use:
-:menuselection:`Insert-->Text File...` (:kbd:`ALT-N x`)
-to insert the patch.
-
-You can also ``diff -Nru old.c new.c | xclip``, select
-:menuselection:`Preformat`, then paste with the middle button.
-
-Kmail (GUI)
-***********
-
-Some people use Kmail successfully for patches.
-
-The default setting of not composing in HTML is appropriate; do not
-enable it.
-
-When composing an email, under options, uncheck "word wrap". The only
-disadvantage is any text you type in the email will not be word-wrapped
-so you will have to manually word wrap text before the patch. The easiest
-way around this is to compose your email with word wrap enabled, then save
-it as a draft. Once you pull it up again from your drafts it is now hard
-word-wrapped and you can uncheck "word wrap" without losing the existing
-wrapping.
-
-At the bottom of your email, put the commonly-used patch delimiter before
-inserting your patch: three hyphens (``---``).
-
-Then from the :menuselection:`Message` menu item, select insert file and
-choose your patch.
-As an added bonus you can customise the message creation toolbar menu
-and put the :menuselection:`insert file` icon there.
-
-Make the composer window wide enough so that no lines wrap. As of
-KMail 1.13.5 (KDE 4.5.4), KMail will apply word wrapping when sending
-the email if the lines wrap in the composer window. Having word wrapping
-disabled in the Options menu isn't enough. Thus, if your patch has very
-long lines, you must make the composer window very wide before sending
-the email. See: https://bugs.kde.org/show_bug.cgi?id=174034
-
-You can safely GPG sign attachments, but inlined text is preferred for
-patches so do not GPG sign them. Signing patches that have been inserted
-as inlined text will make them tricky to extract from their 7-bit encoding.
-
-If you absolutely must send patches as attachments instead of inlining
-them as text, right click on the attachment and select properties, and
-highlight :menuselection:`Suggest automatic display` to make the attachment
-inlined to make it more viewable.
-
-When saving patches that are sent as inlined text, select the email that
-contains the patch from the message list pane, right click and select
-:menuselection:`save as`. You can use the whole email unmodified as a patch
-if it was properly composed. There is no option currently to save the email
-when you are actually viewing it in its own window -- there has been a request
-filed at kmail's bugzilla and hopefully this will be addressed. Emails are
-saved as read-write for user only so you will have to chmod them to make them
-group and world readable if you copy them elsewhere.
-
-Lotus Notes (GUI)
-*****************
-
-Run away from it.
-
-Mutt (TUI)
-**********
-
-Plenty of Linux developers use ``mutt``, so it must work pretty well.
-
-Mutt doesn't come with an editor, so whatever editor you use should be
-used in a way that there are no automatic linebreaks. Most editors have
-an :menuselection:`insert file` option that inserts the contents of a file
-unaltered.
-
-To use ``vim`` with mutt::
-
- set editor="vi"
-
-If using xclip, type the command::
-
- :set paste
-
-before middle button or shift-insert or use::
-
- :r filename
-
-if you want to include the patch inline.
-(a)ttach works fine without ``set paste``.
-
-You can also generate patches with ``git format-patch`` and then use Mutt
-to send them::
-
- $ mutt -H 0001-some-bug-fix.patch
-
-Config options:
-
-It should work with default settings.
-However, it's a good idea to set the ``send_charset`` to::
-
- set send_charset="us-ascii:utf-8"
-
-Mutt is highly customizable. Here is a minimum configuration to start
-using Mutt to send patches through Gmail::
-
- # .muttrc
- # ================ IMAP ====================
- set imap_user = 'yourusername@gmail.com'
- set imap_pass = 'yourpassword'
- set spoolfile = imaps://imap.gmail.com/INBOX
- set folder = imaps://imap.gmail.com/
- set record="imaps://imap.gmail.com/[Gmail]/Sent Mail"
- set postponed="imaps://imap.gmail.com/[Gmail]/Drafts"
- set mbox="imaps://imap.gmail.com/[Gmail]/All Mail"
-
- # ================ SMTP ====================
- set smtp_url = "smtp://username@smtp.gmail.com:587/"
- set smtp_pass = $imap_pass
- set ssl_force_tls = yes # Require encrypted connection
-
- # ================ Composition ====================
- set editor = `echo \$EDITOR`
- set edit_headers = yes # See the headers when editing
- set charset = UTF-8 # value of $LANG; also fallback for send_charset
- # Sender, email address, and sign-off line must match
- unset use_domain # because joe@localhost is just embarrassing
- set realname = "YOUR NAME"
- set from = "username@gmail.com"
- set use_from = yes
-
-The Mutt docs have lots more information:
-
- http://dev.mutt.org/trac/wiki/UseCases/Gmail
-
- http://dev.mutt.org/doc/manual.html
-
-Pine (TUI)
-**********
-
-Pine has had some whitespace truncation issues in the past, but these
-should all be fixed now.
-
-Use alpine (pine's successor) if you can.
-
-Config options:
-
-- ``quell-flowed-text`` is needed for recent versions
-- the ``no-strip-whitespace-before-send`` option is needed
-
-
-Sylpheed (GUI)
-**************
-
-- Works well for inlining text (or using attachments).
-- Allows use of an external editor.
-- Is slow on large folders.
-- Won't do TLS SMTP auth over a non-SSL connection.
-- Has a helpful ruler bar in the compose window.
-- Adding addresses to address book doesn't understand the display name
- properly.
-
-Thunderbird (GUI)
-*****************
-
-Thunderbird is an Outlook clone that likes to mangle text, but there are ways
-to coerce it into behaving.
-
-- Allow use of an external editor:
- The easiest thing to do with Thunderbird and patches is to use an
- "external editor" extension and then just use your favorite ``$EDITOR``
- for reading/merging patches into the body text. To do this, download
- and install the extension, then add a button for it using
- :menuselection:`View-->Toolbars-->Customize...` and finally just click on it
- when in the :menuselection:`Compose` dialog.
-
- Please note that "external editor" requires that your editor must not
- fork, or in other words, the editor must not return before closing.
- You may have to pass additional flags or change the settings of your
- editor. Most notably if you are using gvim then you must pass the -f
- option to gvim by putting ``/usr/bin/gvim -f`` (if the binary is in
- ``/usr/bin``) to the text editor field in :menuselection:`external editor`
- settings. If you are using some other editor then please read its manual
- to find out how to do this.
-
-To beat some sense out of the internal editor, do this:
-
-- Edit your Thunderbird config settings so that it won't use ``format=flowed``.
- Go to :menuselection:`edit-->preferences-->advanced-->config editor` to bring up
- the thunderbird's registry editor.
-
-- Set ``mailnews.send_plaintext_flowed`` to ``false``
-
-- Set ``mailnews.wraplength`` from ``72`` to ``0``
-
-- :menuselection:`View-->Message Body As-->Plain Text`
-
-- :menuselection:`View-->Character Encoding-->Unicode (UTF-8)`
-
-TkRat (GUI)
-***********
-
-Works. Use "Insert file..." or external editor.
-
-Gmail (Web GUI)
-***************
-
-Does not work for sending patches.
-
-Gmail web client converts tabs to spaces automatically.
-
-At the same time it wraps lines every 78 chars with CRLF style line breaks
-although tab2space problem can be solved with external editor.
-
-Another problem is that Gmail will base64-encode any message that has a
-non-ASCII character. That includes things like European names.