Merge branch 'akpm' (patches from Andrew)

Merge fixes from Andrew Morton:
 "27 fixes.

  There are three patches that aren't actually fixes. They're simple
  function renamings which are nice-to-have in mainline as ongoing net
  development depends on them."

* akpm: (27 commits)
  timerfd: export defines to userspace
  mm/hugetlb.c: fix reservation race when freeing surplus pages
  mm/slab.c: fix SLAB freelist randomization duplicate entries
  zram: support BDI_CAP_STABLE_WRITES
  zram: revalidate disk under init_lock
  mm: support anonymous stable page
  mm: add documentation for page fragment APIs
  mm: rename __page_frag functions to __page_frag_cache, drop order from drain
  mm: rename __alloc_page_frag to page_frag_alloc and __free_page_frag to page_frag_free
  mm, memcg: fix the active list aging for lowmem requests when memcg is enabled
  mm: don't dereference struct page fields of invalid pages
  mailmap: add codeaurora.org names for nameless email commits
  signal: protect SIGNAL_UNKILLABLE from unintentional clearing.
  mm: pmd dirty emulation in page fault handler
  ipc/sem.c: fix incorrect sem_lock pairing
  lib/Kconfig.debug: fix frv build failure
  mm: get rid of __GFP_OTHER_NODE
  mm: fix remote numa hits statistics
  mm: fix devm_memremap_pages crash, use mem_hotplug_{begin, done}
  ocfs2: fix crash caused by stale lvb with fsdlm plugin
  ...

1 files changed, 42 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/Documentation/vm/page_frags b/Documentation/vm/page_frags
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..a6714565dbf9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/vm/page_frags
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+Page fragments
+--------------
+
+A page fragment is an arbitrary-length arbitrary-offset area of memory
+which resides within a 0 or higher order compound page.  Multiple
+fragments within that page are individually refcounted, in the page's
+reference counter.
+
+The page_frag functions, page_frag_alloc and page_frag_free, provide a
+simple allocation framework for page fragments.  This is used by the
+network stack and network device drivers to provide a backing region of
+memory for use as either an sk_buff->head, or to be used in the "frags"
+portion of skb_shared_info.
+
+In order to make use of the page fragment APIs a backing page fragment
+cache is needed.  This provides a central point for the fragment allocation
+and tracks allows multiple calls to make use of a cached page.  The
+advantage to doing this is that multiple calls to get_page can be avoided
+which can be expensive at allocation time.  However due to the nature of
+this caching it is required that any calls to the cache be protected by
+either a per-cpu limitation, or a per-cpu limitation and forcing interrupts
+to be disabled when executing the fragment allocation.
+
+The network stack uses two separate caches per CPU to handle fragment
+allocation.  The netdev_alloc_cache is used by callers making use of the
+__netdev_alloc_frag and __netdev_alloc_skb calls.  The napi_alloc_cache is
+used by callers of the __napi_alloc_frag and __napi_alloc_skb calls.  The
+main difference between these two calls is the context in which they may be
+called.  The "netdev" prefixed functions are usable in any context as these
+functions will disable interrupts, while the "napi" prefixed functions are
+only usable within the softirq context.
+
+Many network device drivers use a similar methodology for allocating page
+fragments, but the page fragments are cached at the ring or descriptor
+level.  In order to enable these cases it is necessary to provide a generic
+way of tearing down a page cache.  For this reason __page_frag_cache_drain
+was implemented.  It allows for freeing multiple references from a single
+page via a single call.  The advantage to doing this is that it allows for
+cleaning up the multiple references that were added to a page in order to
+avoid calling get_page per allocation.
+
+Alexander Duyck, Nov 29, 2016.