block: Introduce the ioprio rq-qos policy

Introduce an rq-qos policy that assigns an I/O priority to requests based
on blk-cgroup configuration settings. This policy has the following
advantages over the ioprio_set() system call:
- This policy is cgroup based so it has all the advantages of cgroups.
- While ioprio_set() does not affect page cache writeback I/O, this rq-qos
  controller affects page cache writeback I/O for filesystems that support
  assiociating a cgroup with writeback I/O. See also
  Documentation/admin-guide/cgroup-v2.rst.

Cc: Damien Le Moal <damien.lemoal@wdc.com>
Cc: Hannes Reinecke <hare@suse.de>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: Ming Lei <ming.lei@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Thumshirn <johannes.thumshirn@wdc.com>
Cc: Himanshu Madhani <himanshu.madhani@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Bart Van Assche <bvanassche@acm.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210618004456.7280-5-bvanassche@acm.org
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

1 files changed, 262 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/block/blk-ioprio.c b/block/blk-ioprio.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..332a07761bf8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/block/blk-ioprio.c
@@ -0,0 +1,262 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/*
+ * Block rq-qos policy for assigning an I/O priority class to requests.
+ *
+ * Using an rq-qos policy for assigning I/O priority class has two advantages
+ * over using the ioprio_set() system call:
+ *
+ * - This policy is cgroup based so it has all the advantages of cgroups.
+ * - While ioprio_set() does not affect page cache writeback I/O, this rq-qos
+ *   controller affects page cache writeback I/O for filesystems that support
+ *   assiociating a cgroup with writeback I/O. See also
+ *   Documentation/admin-guide/cgroup-v2.rst.
+ */
+
+#include <linux/blk-cgroup.h>
+#include <linux/blk-mq.h>
+#include <linux/blk_types.h>
+#include <linux/kernel.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include "blk-ioprio.h"
+#include "blk-rq-qos.h"
+
+/**
+ * enum prio_policy - I/O priority class policy.
+ * @POLICY_NO_CHANGE: (default) do not modify the I/O priority class.
+ * @POLICY_NONE_TO_RT: modify IOPRIO_CLASS_NONE into IOPRIO_CLASS_RT.
+ * @POLICY_RESTRICT_TO_BE: modify IOPRIO_CLASS_NONE and IOPRIO_CLASS_RT into
+ *		IOPRIO_CLASS_BE.
+ * @POLICY_ALL_TO_IDLE: change the I/O priority class into IOPRIO_CLASS_IDLE.
+ *
+ * See also <linux/ioprio.h>.
+ */
+enum prio_policy {
+	POLICY_NO_CHANGE	= 0,
+	POLICY_NONE_TO_RT	= 1,
+	POLICY_RESTRICT_TO_BE	= 2,
+	POLICY_ALL_TO_IDLE	= 3,
+};
+
+static const char *policy_name[] = {
+	[POLICY_NO_CHANGE]	= "no-change",
+	[POLICY_NONE_TO_RT]	= "none-to-rt",
+	[POLICY_RESTRICT_TO_BE]	= "restrict-to-be",
+	[POLICY_ALL_TO_IDLE]	= "idle",
+};
+
+static struct blkcg_policy ioprio_policy;
+
+/**
+ * struct ioprio_blkg - Per (cgroup, request queue) data.
+ * @pd: blkg_policy_data structure.
+ */
+struct ioprio_blkg {
+	struct blkg_policy_data pd;
+};
+
+/**
+ * struct ioprio_blkcg - Per cgroup data.
+ * @cpd: blkcg_policy_data structure.
+ * @prio_policy: One of the IOPRIO_CLASS_* values. See also <linux/ioprio.h>.
+ */
+struct ioprio_blkcg {
+	struct blkcg_policy_data cpd;
+	enum prio_policy	 prio_policy;
+};
+
+static inline struct ioprio_blkg *pd_to_ioprio(struct blkg_policy_data *pd)
+{
+	return pd ? container_of(pd, struct ioprio_blkg, pd) : NULL;
+}
+
+static struct ioprio_blkcg *blkcg_to_ioprio_blkcg(struct blkcg *blkcg)
+{
+	return container_of(blkcg_to_cpd(blkcg, &ioprio_policy),
+			    struct ioprio_blkcg, cpd);
+}
+
+static struct ioprio_blkcg *
+ioprio_blkcg_from_css(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css)
+{
+	return blkcg_to_ioprio_blkcg(css_to_blkcg(css));
+}
+
+static struct ioprio_blkcg *ioprio_blkcg_from_bio(struct bio *bio)
+{
+	struct blkg_policy_data *pd = blkg_to_pd(bio->bi_blkg, &ioprio_policy);
+
+	if (!pd)
+		return NULL;
+
+	return blkcg_to_ioprio_blkcg(pd->blkg->blkcg);
+}
+
+static int ioprio_show_prio_policy(struct seq_file *sf, void *v)
+{
+	struct ioprio_blkcg *blkcg = ioprio_blkcg_from_css(seq_css(sf));
+
+	seq_printf(sf, "%s\n", policy_name[blkcg->prio_policy]);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static ssize_t ioprio_set_prio_policy(struct kernfs_open_file *of, char *buf,
+				      size_t nbytes, loff_t off)
+{
+	struct ioprio_blkcg *blkcg = ioprio_blkcg_from_css(of_css(of));
+	int ret;
+
+	if (off != 0)
+		return -EIO;
+	/* kernfs_fop_write_iter() terminates 'buf' with '\0'. */
+	ret = sysfs_match_string(policy_name, buf);
+	if (ret < 0)
+		return ret;
+	blkcg->prio_policy = ret;
+
+	return nbytes;
+}
+
+static struct blkg_policy_data *
+ioprio_alloc_pd(gfp_t gfp, struct request_queue *q, struct blkcg *blkcg)
+{
+	struct ioprio_blkg *ioprio_blkg;
+
+	ioprio_blkg = kzalloc(sizeof(*ioprio_blkg), gfp);
+	if (!ioprio_blkg)
+		return NULL;
+
+	return &ioprio_blkg->pd;
+}
+
+static void ioprio_free_pd(struct blkg_policy_data *pd)
+{
+	struct ioprio_blkg *ioprio_blkg = pd_to_ioprio(pd);
+
+	kfree(ioprio_blkg);
+}
+
+static struct blkcg_policy_data *ioprio_alloc_cpd(gfp_t gfp)
+{
+	struct ioprio_blkcg *blkcg;
+
+	blkcg = kzalloc(sizeof(*blkcg), gfp);
+	if (!blkcg)
+		return NULL;
+	blkcg->prio_policy = POLICY_NO_CHANGE;
+	return &blkcg->cpd;
+}
+
+static void ioprio_free_cpd(struct blkcg_policy_data *cpd)
+{
+	struct ioprio_blkcg *blkcg = container_of(cpd, typeof(*blkcg), cpd);
+
+	kfree(blkcg);
+}
+
+#define IOPRIO_ATTRS						\
+	{							\
+		.name		= "prio.class",			\
+		.seq_show	= ioprio_show_prio_policy,	\
+		.write		= ioprio_set_prio_policy,	\
+	},							\
+	{ } /* sentinel */
+
+/* cgroup v2 attributes */
+static struct cftype ioprio_files[] = {
+	IOPRIO_ATTRS
+};
+
+/* cgroup v1 attributes */
+static struct cftype ioprio_legacy_files[] = {
+	IOPRIO_ATTRS
+};
+
+static struct blkcg_policy ioprio_policy = {
+	.dfl_cftypes	= ioprio_files,
+	.legacy_cftypes = ioprio_legacy_files,
+
+	.cpd_alloc_fn	= ioprio_alloc_cpd,
+	.cpd_free_fn	= ioprio_free_cpd,
+
+	.pd_alloc_fn	= ioprio_alloc_pd,
+	.pd_free_fn	= ioprio_free_pd,
+};
+
+struct blk_ioprio {
+	struct rq_qos rqos;
+};
+
+static void blkcg_ioprio_track(struct rq_qos *rqos, struct request *rq,
+			       struct bio *bio)
+{
+	struct ioprio_blkcg *blkcg = ioprio_blkcg_from_bio(bio);
+
+	/*
+	 * Except for IOPRIO_CLASS_NONE, higher I/O priority numbers
+	 * correspond to a lower priority. Hence, the max_t() below selects
+	 * the lower priority of bi_ioprio and the cgroup I/O priority class.
+	 * If the cgroup policy has been set to POLICY_NO_CHANGE == 0, the
+	 * bio I/O priority is not modified. If the bio I/O priority equals
+	 * IOPRIO_CLASS_NONE, the cgroup I/O priority is assigned to the bio.
+	 */
+	bio->bi_ioprio = max_t(u16, bio->bi_ioprio,
+			       IOPRIO_PRIO_VALUE(blkcg->prio_policy, 0));
+}
+
+static void blkcg_ioprio_exit(struct rq_qos *rqos)
+{
+	struct blk_ioprio *blkioprio_blkg =
+		container_of(rqos, typeof(*blkioprio_blkg), rqos);
+
+	blkcg_deactivate_policy(rqos->q, &ioprio_policy);
+	kfree(blkioprio_blkg);
+}
+
+static struct rq_qos_ops blkcg_ioprio_ops = {
+	.track	= blkcg_ioprio_track,
+	.exit	= blkcg_ioprio_exit,
+};
+
+int blk_ioprio_init(struct request_queue *q)
+{
+	struct blk_ioprio *blkioprio_blkg;
+	struct rq_qos *rqos;
+	int ret;
+
+	blkioprio_blkg = kzalloc(sizeof(*blkioprio_blkg), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!blkioprio_blkg)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	ret = blkcg_activate_policy(q, &ioprio_policy);
+	if (ret) {
+		kfree(blkioprio_blkg);
+		return ret;
+	}
+
+	rqos = &blkioprio_blkg->rqos;
+	rqos->id = RQ_QOS_IOPRIO;
+	rqos->ops = &blkcg_ioprio_ops;
+	rqos->q = q;
+
+	/*
+	 * Registering the rq-qos policy after activating the blk-cgroup
+	 * policy guarantees that ioprio_blkcg_from_bio(bio) != NULL in the
+	 * rq-qos callbacks.
+	 */
+	rq_qos_add(q, rqos);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int __init ioprio_init(void)
+{
+	return blkcg_policy_register(&ioprio_policy);
+}
+
+static void __exit ioprio_exit(void)
+{
+	blkcg_policy_unregister(&ioprio_policy);
+}
+
+module_init(ioprio_init);
+module_exit(ioprio_exit);