License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license

Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.

By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.

Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier.  The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.

This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.

How this work was done:

Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
 - file had no licensing information it it.
 - file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
 - file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,

Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.

The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne.  Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.

The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed.  Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
 - Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
 - Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
   lines of source
 - File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
   lines).

All documentation files were explicitly excluded.

The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.

 - when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
   considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
   COPYING file license applied.

   For non */uapi/* files that summary was:

   SPDX license identifier                            # files
   ---------------------------------------------------|-------
   GPL-2.0                                              11139

   and resulted in the first patch in this series.

   If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
   Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0".  Results of that was:

   SPDX license identifier                            # files
   ---------------------------------------------------|-------
   GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note                        930

   and resulted in the second patch in this series.

 - if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
   of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
   any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
   it (per prior point).  Results summary:

   SPDX license identifier                            # files
   ---------------------------------------------------|------
   GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note                       270
   GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                      169
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause)    21
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause)    17
   LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                      15
   GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                       14
   ((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause)    5
   LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                       4
   LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note                        3
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT)              3
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT)             1

   and that resulted in the third patch in this series.

 - when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
   the concluded license(s).

 - when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
   license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
   licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.

 - In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
   resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
   which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).

 - When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
   confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

 - If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
   the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
   in time.

In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights.  The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.

Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.

In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.

Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
 - a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
   license ids and scores
 - reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
   files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
 - reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
   was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
   SPDX license was correct

This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction.  This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.

These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg.  Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected.  This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.)  Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.

Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

35 files changed, 35 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/drivers/media/pci/Makefile b/drivers/media/pci/Makefile
index a7e8af0f64a7..1ab759e9b1bb 100644
--- a/drivers/media/pci/Makefile
+++ b/drivers/media/pci/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #
 # Makefile for the kernel multimedia device drivers.
 #
diff --git a/drivers/media/pci/b2c2/Makefile b/drivers/media/pci/b2c2/Makefile
index b894320a5f21..35d6835ae43e 100644
--- a/drivers/media/pci/b2c2/Makefile
+++ b/drivers/media/pci/b2c2/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 ifneq ($(CONFIG_DVB_B2C2_FLEXCOP_PCI),)
 b2c2-flexcop-pci-objs += flexcop-dma.o
 endif
diff --git a/drivers/media/pci/b2c2/flexcop-dma.c b/drivers/media/pci/b2c2/flexcop-dma.c
index 913dc97f8b49..f07610a1646d 100644
--- a/drivers/media/pci/b2c2/flexcop-dma.c
+++ b/drivers/media/pci/b2c2/flexcop-dma.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * Linux driver for digital TV devices equipped with B2C2 FlexcopII(b)/III
  * flexcop-dma.c - configuring and controlling the DMA of the FlexCop
diff --git a/drivers/media/pci/bt8xx/Makefile b/drivers/media/pci/bt8xx/Makefile
index 2d4c3dd88be1..009f1dc1521f 100644
--- a/drivers/media/pci/bt8xx/Makefile
+++ b/drivers/media/pci/bt8xx/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 bttv-objs      :=      bttv-driver.o bttv-cards.o bttv-if.o \
 		       bttv-risc.o bttv-vbi.o bttv-i2c.o bttv-gpio.o \
 		       bttv-input.o bttv-audio-hook.o btcx-risc.o
diff --git a/drivers/media/pci/bt8xx/btcx-risc.h b/drivers/media/pci/bt8xx/btcx-risc.h
index 1ed7a000160a..dc774a64cd1f 100644
--- a/drivers/media/pci/bt8xx/btcx-risc.h
+++ b/drivers/media/pci/bt8xx/btcx-risc.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 struct btcx_riscmem {
 	unsigned int   size;
 	__le32         *cpu;
diff --git a/drivers/media/pci/bt8xx/bttv.h b/drivers/media/pci/bt8xx/bttv.h
index 91301c3cad1e..eb67e362acf7 100644
--- a/drivers/media/pci/bt8xx/bttv.h
+++ b/drivers/media/pci/bt8xx/bttv.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 /*
  *
  *  bttv - Bt848 frame grabber driver
diff --git a/drivers/media/pci/bt8xx/dst_priv.h b/drivers/media/pci/bt8xx/dst_priv.h
index 3974a4c6ebe7..a4319d41d141 100644
--- a/drivers/media/pci/bt8xx/dst_priv.h
+++ b/drivers/media/pci/bt8xx/dst_priv.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 /*
  * dst-bt878.h: part of the DST driver for the TwinHan DST Frontend
  *
diff --git a/drivers/media/pci/cx18/Makefile b/drivers/media/pci/cx18/Makefile
index d3ff1545c2c5..98914a40f6ac 100644
--- a/drivers/media/pci/cx18/Makefile
+++ b/drivers/media/pci/cx18/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 cx18-objs    := cx18-driver.o cx18-cards.o cx18-i2c.o cx18-firmware.o cx18-gpio.o \
 	cx18-queue.o cx18-streams.o cx18-fileops.o cx18-ioctl.o cx18-controls.o \
 	cx18-mailbox.o cx18-vbi.o cx18-audio.o cx18-video.o cx18-irq.o \
diff --git a/drivers/media/pci/cx23885/Makefile b/drivers/media/pci/cx23885/Makefile
index a2cbdcf15a8c..b8bf7806124b 100644
--- a/drivers/media/pci/cx23885/Makefile
+++ b/drivers/media/pci/cx23885/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 cx23885-objs	:= cx23885-cards.o cx23885-video.o cx23885-vbi.o \
 		    cx23885-core.o cx23885-i2c.o cx23885-dvb.o cx23885-417.o \
 		    cx23885-ioctl.o cx23885-ir.o cx23885-av.o cx23885-input.o \
diff --git a/drivers/media/pci/cx23885/cx23885-f300.h b/drivers/media/pci/cx23885/cx23885-f300.h
index be14d7de7cd8..34aef3610aa9 100644
--- a/drivers/media/pci/cx23885/cx23885-f300.h
+++ b/drivers/media/pci/cx23885/cx23885-f300.h
@@ -1,2 +1,3 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 extern int f300_set_voltage(struct dvb_frontend *fe,
 			    enum fe_sec_voltage voltage);
diff --git a/drivers/media/pci/cx25821/Makefile b/drivers/media/pci/cx25821/Makefile
index c8f8598a2b86..d14d65b1b042 100644
--- a/drivers/media/pci/cx25821/Makefile
+++ b/drivers/media/pci/cx25821/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 cx25821-y   := cx25821-core.o cx25821-cards.o cx25821-i2c.o \
 		       cx25821-gpio.o cx25821-medusa-video.o \
 		       cx25821-video.o
diff --git a/drivers/media/pci/cx88/Makefile b/drivers/media/pci/cx88/Makefile
index d3679c3ee248..86646eee4e6b 100644
--- a/drivers/media/pci/cx88/Makefile
+++ b/drivers/media/pci/cx88/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 cx88xx-objs	:= cx88-cards.o cx88-core.o cx88-i2c.o cx88-tvaudio.o \
 		   cx88-dsp.o cx88-input.o
 cx8800-objs	:= cx88-video.o cx88-vbi.o
diff --git a/drivers/media/pci/cx88/cx88-vbi.c b/drivers/media/pci/cx88/cx88-vbi.c
index 2d0ef19e6d65..c637679b01b2 100644
--- a/drivers/media/pci/cx88/cx88-vbi.c
+++ b/drivers/media/pci/cx88/cx88-vbi.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  */
 
diff --git a/drivers/media/pci/ddbridge/Makefile b/drivers/media/pci/ddbridge/Makefile
index 09703312a3f1..7453b65104ff 100644
--- a/drivers/media/pci/ddbridge/Makefile
+++ b/drivers/media/pci/ddbridge/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #
 # Makefile for the ddbridge device driver
 #
diff --git a/drivers/media/pci/ivtv/Makefile b/drivers/media/pci/ivtv/Makefile
index 0eaa88298b7e..48f8a23f9a0f 100644
--- a/drivers/media/pci/ivtv/Makefile
+++ b/drivers/media/pci/ivtv/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 ivtv-objs	:= ivtv-routing.o ivtv-cards.o ivtv-controls.o \
 		   ivtv-driver.o ivtv-fileops.o ivtv-firmware.o \
 		   ivtv-gpio.o ivtv-i2c.o ivtv-ioctl.o ivtv-irq.o \
diff --git a/drivers/media/pci/mantis/Makefile b/drivers/media/pci/mantis/Makefile
index f715051e4453..a684dc2ec79e 100644
--- a/drivers/media/pci/mantis/Makefile
+++ b/drivers/media/pci/mantis/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 mantis_core-objs :=	mantis_ioc.o	\
 			mantis_uart.o	\
 			mantis_dma.o	\
diff --git a/drivers/media/pci/netup_unidvb/Makefile b/drivers/media/pci/netup_unidvb/Makefile
index ee6ae0501eae..07d3f1eb728b 100644
--- a/drivers/media/pci/netup_unidvb/Makefile
+++ b/drivers/media/pci/netup_unidvb/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 netup-unidvb-objs += netup_unidvb_core.o
 netup-unidvb-objs += netup_unidvb_i2c.o
 netup-unidvb-objs += netup_unidvb_ci.o
diff --git a/drivers/media/pci/ngene/Makefile b/drivers/media/pci/ngene/Makefile
index 5c0b5d6b9d69..dbdf284970f8 100644
--- a/drivers/media/pci/ngene/Makefile
+++ b/drivers/media/pci/ngene/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #
 # Makefile for the nGene device driver
 #
diff --git a/drivers/media/pci/pt3/Makefile b/drivers/media/pci/pt3/Makefile
index 396f146b1c18..aded8752ac2b 100644
--- a/drivers/media/pci/pt3/Makefile
+++ b/drivers/media/pci/pt3/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 
 earth-pt3-objs += pt3.o pt3_i2c.o pt3_dma.o
 
diff --git a/drivers/media/pci/saa7134/Makefile b/drivers/media/pci/saa7134/Makefile
index 09c43da67588..dbaadddf4320 100644
--- a/drivers/media/pci/saa7134/Makefile
+++ b/drivers/media/pci/saa7134/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 
 saa7134-y +=	saa7134-cards.o saa7134-core.o saa7134-i2c.o
 saa7134-y +=	saa7134-ts.o saa7134-tvaudio.o saa7134-vbi.o
diff --git a/drivers/media/pci/saa7134/saa7134-reg.h b/drivers/media/pci/saa7134/saa7134-reg.h
index b6ea6f4f9b6c..56b12641d733 100644
--- a/drivers/media/pci/saa7134/saa7134-reg.h
+++ b/drivers/media/pci/saa7134/saa7134-reg.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 /*
  *
  * philips saa7134 registers
diff --git a/drivers/media/pci/saa7164/Makefile b/drivers/media/pci/saa7164/Makefile
index ba0e33a1ee24..3896bcdb99d2 100644
--- a/drivers/media/pci/saa7164/Makefile
+++ b/drivers/media/pci/saa7164/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 saa7164-objs	:= saa7164-cards.o saa7164-core.o saa7164-i2c.o saa7164-dvb.o \
 			saa7164-fw.o saa7164-bus.o saa7164-cmd.o saa7164-api.o \
 			saa7164-buffer.o saa7164-encoder.o saa7164-vbi.o
diff --git a/drivers/media/pci/smipcie/Makefile b/drivers/media/pci/smipcie/Makefile
index 013bc3fe4294..6006aac3c41f 100644
--- a/drivers/media/pci/smipcie/Makefile
+++ b/drivers/media/pci/smipcie/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 
 smipcie-objs	:= smipcie-main.o smipcie-ir.o
 
diff --git a/drivers/media/pci/ttpci/Makefile b/drivers/media/pci/ttpci/Makefile
index 3cf617737f7c..0b805339c123 100644
--- a/drivers/media/pci/ttpci/Makefile
+++ b/drivers/media/pci/ttpci/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #
 # Makefile for the kernel SAA7146 FULL TS DVB device driver
 # and the AV7110 DVB device driver
diff --git a/drivers/media/pci/ttpci/av7110.h b/drivers/media/pci/ttpci/av7110.h
index 347827925c14..cd09fd6e6548 100644
--- a/drivers/media/pci/ttpci/av7110.h
+++ b/drivers/media/pci/ttpci/av7110.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef _AV7110_H_
 #define _AV7110_H_
 
diff --git a/drivers/media/pci/ttpci/av7110_av.h b/drivers/media/pci/ttpci/av7110_av.h
index f52276f47709..71bbd4391f57 100644
--- a/drivers/media/pci/ttpci/av7110_av.h
+++ b/drivers/media/pci/ttpci/av7110_av.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef _AV7110_AV_H_
 #define _AV7110_AV_H_
 
diff --git a/drivers/media/pci/ttpci/av7110_ca.h b/drivers/media/pci/ttpci/av7110_ca.h
index 70ee855ece1b..a6e3f2955730 100644
--- a/drivers/media/pci/ttpci/av7110_ca.h
+++ b/drivers/media/pci/ttpci/av7110_ca.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef _AV7110_CA_H_
 #define _AV7110_CA_H_
 
diff --git a/drivers/media/pci/ttpci/av7110_hw.h b/drivers/media/pci/ttpci/av7110_hw.h
index ccb148059406..6380d8950c69 100644
--- a/drivers/media/pci/ttpci/av7110_hw.h
+++ b/drivers/media/pci/ttpci/av7110_hw.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef _AV7110_HW_H_
 #define _AV7110_HW_H_
 
diff --git a/drivers/media/pci/ttpci/av7110_ipack.c b/drivers/media/pci/ttpci/av7110_ipack.c
index 699ef8b5b99a..5aff26574fe1 100644
--- a/drivers/media/pci/ttpci/av7110_ipack.c
+++ b/drivers/media/pci/ttpci/av7110_ipack.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #include "dvb_filter.h"
 #include "av7110_ipack.h"
 #include <linux/string.h>	/* for memcpy() */
diff --git a/drivers/media/pci/ttpci/av7110_ipack.h b/drivers/media/pci/ttpci/av7110_ipack.h
index becf94d3fdfa..943ec899bb93 100644
--- a/drivers/media/pci/ttpci/av7110_ipack.h
+++ b/drivers/media/pci/ttpci/av7110_ipack.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef _AV7110_IPACK_H_
 #define _AV7110_IPACK_H_
 
diff --git a/drivers/media/pci/ttpci/budget.h b/drivers/media/pci/ttpci/budget.h
index d5ae4438153e..fae83866b199 100644
--- a/drivers/media/pci/ttpci/budget.h
+++ b/drivers/media/pci/ttpci/budget.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 
 #ifndef __BUDGET_DVB__
 #define __BUDGET_DVB__
diff --git a/drivers/media/pci/ttpci/dvb_filter.c b/drivers/media/pci/ttpci/dvb_filter.c
index b67127b67d4e..8c2eca5dcdc9 100644
--- a/drivers/media/pci/ttpci/dvb_filter.c
+++ b/drivers/media/pci/ttpci/dvb_filter.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 #include <linux/module.h>
 #include <linux/string.h>
diff --git a/drivers/media/pci/tw5864/tw5864-util.c b/drivers/media/pci/tw5864/tw5864-util.c
index 771eef235755..b9cebe9d1740 100644
--- a/drivers/media/pci/tw5864/tw5864-util.c
+++ b/drivers/media/pci/tw5864/tw5864-util.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #include "tw5864.h"
 
 void tw5864_indir_writeb(struct tw5864_dev *dev, u16 addr, u8 data)
diff --git a/drivers/media/pci/tw686x/tw686x-regs.h b/drivers/media/pci/tw686x/tw686x-regs.h
index 15a956642ef4..8adacc928be1 100644
--- a/drivers/media/pci/tw686x/tw686x-regs.h
+++ b/drivers/media/pci/tw686x/tw686x-regs.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 /* DMA controller registers */
 #define REG8_1(a0) ((const u16[8]) { a0, a0 + 1, a0 + 2, a0 + 3, \
 				     a0 + 4, a0 + 5, a0 + 6, a0 + 7})
diff --git a/drivers/media/pci/zoran/Makefile b/drivers/media/pci/zoran/Makefile
index 44cc13352c88..21ac29a71458 100644
--- a/drivers/media/pci/zoran/Makefile
+++ b/drivers/media/pci/zoran/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 zr36067-objs	:=	zoran_procfs.o zoran_device.o \
 			zoran_driver.o zoran_card.o