dm thin: ensure user takes action to validate data and metadata consistency

If a thin metadata operation fails the current transaction will abort,
whereby causing potential for IO layers up the stack (e.g. filesystems)
to have data loss.  As such, set THIN_METADATA_NEEDS_CHECK_FLAG in the
thin metadata's superblock which:
1) requires the user verify the thin metadata is consistent (e.g. use
   thin_check, etc)
2) suggests the user verify the thin data is consistent (e.g. use fsck)

The only way to clear the superblock's THIN_METADATA_NEEDS_CHECK_FLAG is
to run thin_repair.

On metadata operation failure: abort current metadata transaction, set
pool in read-only mode, and now set the needs_check flag.

As part of this change, constraints are introduced or relaxed:
* don't allow a pool to transition to write mode if needs_check is set
* don't allow data or metadata space to be resized if needs_check is set
* if a thin pool's metadata space is exhausted: the kernel will now
  force the user to take the pool offline for repair before the kernel
  will allow the metadata space to be extended.

Also, update Documentation to include information about when the thin
provisioning target commits metadata, how it handles metadata failures
and running out of space.

Signed-off-by: Mike Snitzer <snitzer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Joe Thornber <ejt@redhat.com>

3 files changed, 101 insertions, 23 deletions

diff --git a/drivers/md/dm-thin-metadata.c b/drivers/md/dm-thin-metadata.c
index baa87ff12816..fb9efc829182 100644
--- a/drivers/md/dm-thin-metadata.c
+++ b/drivers/md/dm-thin-metadata.c
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@
 
 #define THIN_SUPERBLOCK_MAGIC 27022010
 #define THIN_SUPERBLOCK_LOCATION 0
-#define THIN_VERSION 1
+#define THIN_VERSION 2
 #define THIN_METADATA_CACHE_SIZE 64
 #define SECTOR_TO_BLOCK_SHIFT 3
 
@@ -1755,3 +1755,38 @@ int dm_pool_register_metadata_threshold(struct dm_pool_metadata *pmd,
 
 	return r;
 }
+
+int dm_pool_metadata_set_needs_check(struct dm_pool_metadata *pmd)
+{
+	int r;
+	struct dm_block *sblock;
+	struct thin_disk_superblock *disk_super;
+
+	down_write(&pmd->root_lock);
+	pmd->flags |= THIN_METADATA_NEEDS_CHECK_FLAG;
+
+	r = superblock_lock(pmd, &sblock);
+	if (r) {
+		DMERR("couldn't read superblock");
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	disk_super = dm_block_data(sblock);
+	disk_super->flags = cpu_to_le32(pmd->flags);
+
+	dm_bm_unlock(sblock);
+out:
+	up_write(&pmd->root_lock);
+	return r;
+}
+
+bool dm_pool_metadata_needs_check(struct dm_pool_metadata *pmd)
+{
+	bool needs_check;
+
+	down_read(&pmd->root_lock);
+	needs_check = pmd->flags & THIN_METADATA_NEEDS_CHECK_FLAG;
+	up_read(&pmd->root_lock);
+
+	return needs_check;
+}
diff --git a/drivers/md/dm-thin-metadata.h b/drivers/md/dm-thin-metadata.h
index 82ea384d36ff..e3c857db195a 100644
--- a/drivers/md/dm-thin-metadata.h
+++ b/drivers/md/dm-thin-metadata.h
@@ -25,6 +25,11 @@
 
 /*----------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
+/*
+ * Thin metadata superblock flags.
+ */
+#define THIN_METADATA_NEEDS_CHECK_FLAG (1 << 0)
+
 struct dm_pool_metadata;
 struct dm_thin_device;
 
@@ -202,6 +207,12 @@ int dm_pool_register_metadata_threshold(struct dm_pool_metadata *pmd,
 					dm_sm_threshold_fn fn,
 					void *context);
 
+/*
+ * Updates the superblock immediately.
+ */
+int dm_pool_metadata_set_needs_check(struct dm_pool_metadata *pmd);
+bool dm_pool_metadata_needs_check(struct dm_pool_metadata *pmd);
+
 /*----------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 #endif
diff --git a/drivers/md/dm-thin.c b/drivers/md/dm-thin.c
index dfa48ec7b8ea..a04eba905922 100644
--- a/drivers/md/dm-thin.c
+++ b/drivers/md/dm-thin.c
@@ -1403,7 +1403,28 @@ static void set_pool_mode(struct pool *pool, enum pool_mode new_mode)
 {
 	int r;
 	struct pool_c *pt = pool->ti->private;
-	enum pool_mode old_mode = pool->pf.mode;
+	bool needs_check = dm_pool_metadata_needs_check(pool->pmd);
+	enum pool_mode old_mode = get_pool_mode(pool);
+
+	/*
+	 * Never allow the pool to transition to PM_WRITE mode if user
+	 * intervention is required to verify metadata and data consistency.
+	 */
+	if (new_mode == PM_WRITE && needs_check) {
+		DMERR("%s: unable to switch pool to write mode until repaired.",
+		      dm_device_name(pool->pool_md));
+		if (old_mode != new_mode)
+			new_mode = old_mode;
+		else
+			new_mode = PM_READ_ONLY;
+	}
+	/*
+	 * If we were in PM_FAIL mode, rollback of metadata failed.  We're
+	 * not going to recover without a thin_repair.	So we never let the
+	 * pool move out of the old mode.
+	 */
+	if (old_mode == PM_FAIL)
+		new_mode = old_mode;
 
 	switch (new_mode) {
 	case PM_FAIL:
@@ -1467,19 +1488,28 @@ static void out_of_data_space(struct pool *pool)
 	set_pool_mode(pool, PM_READ_ONLY);
 }
 
-static void metadata_operation_failed(struct pool *pool, const char *op, int r)
+static void abort_transaction(struct pool *pool)
 {
-	dm_block_t free_blocks;
+	const char *dev_name = dm_device_name(pool->pool_md);
+
+	DMERR_LIMIT("%s: aborting current metadata transaction", dev_name);
+	if (dm_pool_abort_metadata(pool->pmd)) {
+		DMERR("%s: failed to abort metadata transaction", dev_name);
+		set_pool_mode(pool, PM_FAIL);
+	}
+
+	if (dm_pool_metadata_set_needs_check(pool->pmd)) {
+		DMERR("%s: failed to set 'needs_check' flag in metadata", dev_name);
+		set_pool_mode(pool, PM_FAIL);
+	}
+}
 
+static void metadata_operation_failed(struct pool *pool, const char *op, int r)
+{
 	DMERR_LIMIT("%s: metadata operation '%s' failed: error = %d",
 		    dm_device_name(pool->pool_md), op, r);
 
-	if (r == -ENOSPC &&
-	    !dm_pool_get_free_metadata_block_count(pool->pmd, &free_blocks) &&
-	    !free_blocks)
-		DMERR_LIMIT("%s: no free metadata space available.",
-			    dm_device_name(pool->pool_md));
-
+	abort_transaction(pool);
 	set_pool_mode(pool, PM_READ_ONLY);
 }
 
@@ -1693,7 +1723,7 @@ static int bind_control_target(struct pool *pool, struct dm_target *ti)
 	/*
 	 * We want to make sure that a pool in PM_FAIL mode is never upgraded.
 	 */
-	enum pool_mode old_mode = pool->pf.mode;
+	enum pool_mode old_mode = get_pool_mode(pool);
 	enum pool_mode new_mode = pt->adjusted_pf.mode;
 
 	/*
@@ -1707,16 +1737,6 @@ static int bind_control_target(struct pool *pool, struct dm_target *ti)
 	pool->pf = pt->adjusted_pf;
 	pool->low_water_blocks = pt->low_water_blocks;
 
-	/*
-	 * If we were in PM_FAIL mode, rollback of metadata failed.  We're
-	 * not going to recover without a thin_repair.  So we never let the
-	 * pool move out of the old mode.  On the other hand a PM_READ_ONLY
-	 * may have been due to a lack of metadata or data space, and may
-	 * now work (ie. if the underlying devices have been resized).
-	 */
-	if (old_mode == PM_FAIL)
-		new_mode = old_mode;
-
 	set_pool_mode(pool, new_mode);
 
 	return 0;
@@ -2259,6 +2279,12 @@ static int maybe_resize_data_dev(struct dm_target *ti, bool *need_commit)
 		return -EINVAL;
 
 	} else if (data_size > sb_data_size) {
+		if (dm_pool_metadata_needs_check(pool->pmd)) {
+			DMERR("%s: unable to grow the data device until repaired.",
+			      dm_device_name(pool->pool_md));
+			return 0;
+		}
+
 		if (sb_data_size)
 			DMINFO("%s: growing the data device from %llu to %llu blocks",
 			       dm_device_name(pool->pool_md),
@@ -2300,6 +2326,12 @@ static int maybe_resize_metadata_dev(struct dm_target *ti, bool *need_commit)
 		return -EINVAL;
 
 	} else if (metadata_dev_size > sb_metadata_dev_size) {
+		if (dm_pool_metadata_needs_check(pool->pmd)) {
+			DMERR("%s: unable to grow the metadata device until repaired.",
+			      dm_device_name(pool->pool_md));
+			return 0;
+		}
+
 		warn_if_metadata_device_too_big(pool->md_dev);
 		DMINFO("%s: growing the metadata device from %llu to %llu blocks",
 		       dm_device_name(pool->pool_md),
@@ -2801,7 +2833,7 @@ static struct target_type pool_target = {
 	.name = "thin-pool",
 	.features = DM_TARGET_SINGLETON | DM_TARGET_ALWAYS_WRITEABLE |
 		    DM_TARGET_IMMUTABLE,
-	.version = {1, 10, 0},
+	.version = {1, 11, 0},
 	.module = THIS_MODULE,
 	.ctr = pool_ctr,
 	.dtr = pool_dtr,
@@ -3091,7 +3123,7 @@ static int thin_iterate_devices(struct dm_target *ti,
 
 static struct target_type thin_target = {
 	.name = "thin",
-	.version = {1, 10, 0},
+	.version = {1, 11, 0},
 	.module	= THIS_MODULE,
 	.ctr = thin_ctr,
 	.dtr = thin_dtr,