NFS: Share NFS superblocks per-protocol per-server per-FSID

The attached patch makes NFS share superblocks between mounts from the same
server and FSID over the same protocol.

It does this by creating each superblock with a false root and returning the
real root dentry in the vfsmount presented by get_sb(). The root dentry set
starts off as an anonymous dentry if we don't already have the dentry for its
inode, otherwise it simply returns the dentry we already have.

We may thus end up with several trees of dentries in the superblock, and if at
some later point one of anonymous tree roots is discovered by normal filesystem
activity to be located in another tree within the superblock, the anonymous
root is named and materialises attached to the second tree at the appropriate
point.

Why do it this way? Why not pass an extra argument to the mount() syscall to
indicate the subpath and then pathwalk from the server root to the desired
directory? You can't guarantee this will work for two reasons:

 (1) The root and intervening nodes may not be accessible to the client.

     With NFS2 and NFS3, for instance, mountd is called on the server to get
     the filehandle for the tip of a path. mountd won't give us handles for
     anything we don't have permission to access, and so we can't set up NFS
     inodes for such nodes, and so can't easily set up dentries (we'd have to
     have ghost inodes or something).

     With this patch we don't actually create dentries until we get handles
     from the server that we can use to set up their inodes, and we don't
     actually bind them into the tree until we know for sure where they go.

 (2) Inaccessible symbolic links.

     If we're asked to mount two exports from the server, eg:

	mount warthog:/warthog/aaa/xxx /mmm
	mount warthog:/warthog/bbb/yyy /nnn

     We may not be able to access anything nearer the root than xxx and yyy,
     but we may find out later that /mmm/www/yyy, say, is actually the same
     directory as the one mounted on /nnn. What we might then find out, for
     example, is that /warthog/bbb was actually a symbolic link to
     /warthog/aaa/xxx/www, but we can't actually determine that by talking to
     the server until /warthog is made available by NFS.

     This would lead to having constructed an errneous dentry tree which we
     can't easily fix. We can end up with a dentry marked as a directory when
     it should actually be a symlink, or we could end up with an apparently
     hardlinked directory.

     With this patch we need not make assumptions about the type of a dentry
     for which we can't retrieve information, nor need we assume we know its
     place in the grand scheme of things until we actually see that place.

This patch reduces the possibility of aliasing in the inode and page caches for
inodes that may be accessed by more than one NFS export. It also reduces the
number of superblocks required for NFS where there are many NFS exports being
used from a server (home directory server + autofs for example).

This in turn makes it simpler to do local caching of network filesystems, as it
can then be guaranteed that there won't be links from multiple inodes in
separate superblocks to the same cache file.

Obviously, cache aliasing between different levels of NFS protocol could still
be a problem, but at least that gives us another key to use when indexing the
cache.

This patch makes the following changes:

 (1) The server record construction/destruction has been abstracted out into
     its own set of functions to make things easier to get right.  These have
     been moved into fs/nfs/client.c.

     All the code in fs/nfs/client.c has to do with the management of
     connections to servers, and doesn't touch superblocks in any way; the
     remaining code in fs/nfs/super.c has to do with VFS superblock management.

 (2) The sequence of events undertaken by NFS mount is now reordered:

     (a) A volume representation (struct nfs_server) is allocated.

     (b) A server representation (struct nfs_client) is acquired.  This may be
     	 allocated or shared, and is keyed on server address, port and NFS
     	 version.

     (c) If allocated, the client representation is initialised.  The state
     	 member variable of nfs_client is used to prevent a race during
     	 initialisation from two mounts.

     (d) For NFS4 a simple pathwalk is performed, walking from FH to FH to find
     	 the root filehandle for the mount (fs/nfs/getroot.c).  For NFS2/3 we
     	 are given the root FH in advance.

     (e) The volume FSID is probed for on the root FH.

     (f) The volume representation is initialised from the FSINFO record
     	 retrieved on the root FH.

     (g) sget() is called to acquire a superblock.  This may be allocated or
     	 shared, keyed on client pointer and FSID.

     (h) If allocated, the superblock is initialised.

     (i) If the superblock is shared, then the new nfs_server record is
     	 discarded.

     (j) The root dentry for this mount is looked up from the root FH.

     (k) The root dentry for this mount is assigned to the vfsmount.

 (3) nfs_readdir_lookup() creates dentries for each of the entries readdir()
     returns; this function now attaches disconnected trees from alternate
     roots that happen to be discovered attached to a directory being read (in
     the same way nfs_lookup() is made to do for lookup ops).

     The new d_materialise_unique() function is now used to do this, thus
     permitting the whole thing to be done under one set of locks, and thus
     avoiding any race between mount and lookup operations on the same
     directory.

 (4) The client management code uses a new debug facility: NFSDBG_CLIENT which
     is set by echoing 1024 to /proc/net/sunrpc/nfs_debug.

 (5) Clone mounts are now called xdev mounts.

 (6) Use the dentry passed to the statfs() op as the handle for retrieving fs
     statistics rather than the root dentry of the superblock (which is now a
     dummy).

Signed-Off-By: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <Trond.Myklebust@netapp.com>

17 files changed, 1646 insertions, 944 deletions

diff --git a/fs/nfs/Makefile b/fs/nfs/Makefile
index 3b993a6f8163..f4580b44eef4 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/Makefile
+++ b/fs/nfs/Makefile
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 
 obj-$(CONFIG_NFS_FS) += nfs.o
 
-nfs-y 			:= client.o dir.o file.o inode.o super.o nfs2xdr.o \
+nfs-y 			:= client.o dir.o file.o getroot.o inode.o super.o nfs2xdr.o \
 			   pagelist.o proc.o read.o symlink.o unlink.o \
 			   write.o namespace.o
 nfs-$(CONFIG_ROOT_NFS)	+= nfsroot.o mount_clnt.o      
diff --git a/fs/nfs/client.c b/fs/nfs/client.c
index c08cab935ad5..dafba608c0a0 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/client.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/client.c
@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@
 
 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(nfs_client_lock);
 static LIST_HEAD(nfs_client_list);
+static LIST_HEAD(nfs_volume_list);
 static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(nfs_client_active_wq);
 
 /*
@@ -268,9 +269,9 @@ struct nfs_client *nfs_find_client(const struct sockaddr_in *addr, int nfsversio
  * Look up a client by IP address and protocol version
  * - creates a new record if one doesn't yet exist
  */
-struct nfs_client *nfs_get_client(const char *hostname,
-				  const struct sockaddr_in *addr,
-				  int nfsversion)
+static struct nfs_client *nfs_get_client(const char *hostname,
+					 const struct sockaddr_in *addr,
+					 int nfsversion)
 {
 	struct nfs_client *clp, *new = NULL;
 	int error;
@@ -340,6 +341,8 @@ found_client:
 		return ERR_PTR(error);
 	}
 
+	BUG_ON(clp->cl_cons_state != NFS_CS_READY);
+
 	dprintk("--> nfs_get_client() = %p [share]\n", clp);
 	return clp;
 }
@@ -347,7 +350,7 @@ found_client:
 /*
  * Mark a server as ready or failed
  */
-void nfs_mark_client_ready(struct nfs_client *clp, int state)
+static void nfs_mark_client_ready(struct nfs_client *clp, int state)
 {
 	clp->cl_cons_state = state;
 	wake_up_all(&nfs_client_active_wq);
@@ -389,10 +392,10 @@ static void nfs_init_timeout_values(struct rpc_timeout *to, int proto,
 /*
  * Create an RPC client handle
  */
-int nfs_create_rpc_client(struct nfs_client *clp, int proto,
-			  unsigned int timeo,
-			  unsigned int retrans,
-			  rpc_authflavor_t flavor)
+static int nfs_create_rpc_client(struct nfs_client *clp, int proto,
+						unsigned int timeo,
+						unsigned int retrans,
+						rpc_authflavor_t flavor)
 {
 	struct rpc_timeout	timeparms;
 	struct rpc_xprt		*xprt = NULL;
@@ -429,3 +432,719 @@ int nfs_create_rpc_client(struct nfs_client *clp, int proto,
 	clp->cl_rpcclient = clnt;
 	return 0;
 }
+
+/*
+ * Version 2 or 3 client destruction
+ */
+static void nfs_destroy_server(struct nfs_server *server)
+{
+	if (!IS_ERR(server->client_acl))
+		rpc_shutdown_client(server->client_acl);
+
+	if (!(server->flags & NFS_MOUNT_NONLM))
+		lockd_down();	/* release rpc.lockd */
+}
+
+/*
+ * Version 2 or 3 lockd setup
+ */
+static int nfs_start_lockd(struct nfs_server *server)
+{
+	int error = 0;
+
+	if (server->nfs_client->cl_nfsversion > 3)
+		goto out;
+	if (server->flags & NFS_MOUNT_NONLM)
+		goto out;
+	error = lockd_up();
+	if (error < 0)
+		server->flags |= NFS_MOUNT_NONLM;
+	else
+		server->destroy = nfs_destroy_server;
+out:
+	return error;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Initialise an NFSv3 ACL client connection
+ */
+#ifdef CONFIG_NFS_V3_ACL
+static void nfs_init_server_aclclient(struct nfs_server *server)
+{
+	if (server->nfs_client->cl_nfsversion != 3)
+		goto out_noacl;
+	if (server->flags & NFS_MOUNT_NOACL)
+		goto out_noacl;
+
+	server->client_acl = rpc_bind_new_program(server->client, &nfsacl_program, 3);
+	if (IS_ERR(server->client_acl))
+		goto out_noacl;
+
+	/* No errors! Assume that Sun nfsacls are supported */
+	server->caps |= NFS_CAP_ACLS;
+	return;
+
+out_noacl:
+	server->caps &= ~NFS_CAP_ACLS;
+}
+#else
+static inline void nfs_init_server_aclclient(struct nfs_server *server)
+{
+	server->flags &= ~NFS_MOUNT_NOACL;
+	server->caps &= ~NFS_CAP_ACLS;
+}
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * Create a general RPC client
+ */
+static int nfs_init_server_rpcclient(struct nfs_server *server, rpc_authflavor_t pseudoflavour)
+{
+	struct nfs_client *clp = server->nfs_client;
+
+	server->client = rpc_clone_client(clp->cl_rpcclient);
+	if (IS_ERR(server->client)) {
+		dprintk("%s: couldn't create rpc_client!\n", __FUNCTION__);
+		return PTR_ERR(server->client);
+	}
+
+	if (pseudoflavour != clp->cl_rpcclient->cl_auth->au_flavor) {
+		struct rpc_auth *auth;
+
+		auth = rpcauth_create(pseudoflavour, server->client);
+		if (IS_ERR(auth)) {
+			dprintk("%s: couldn't create credcache!\n", __FUNCTION__);
+			return PTR_ERR(auth);
+		}
+	}
+	server->client->cl_softrtry = 0;
+	if (server->flags & NFS_MOUNT_SOFT)
+		server->client->cl_softrtry = 1;
+
+	server->client->cl_intr = 0;
+	if (server->flags & NFS4_MOUNT_INTR)
+		server->client->cl_intr = 1;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Initialise an NFS2 or NFS3 client
+ */
+static int nfs_init_client(struct nfs_client *clp, const struct nfs_mount_data *data)
+{
+	int proto = (data->flags & NFS_MOUNT_TCP) ? IPPROTO_TCP : IPPROTO_UDP;
+	int error;
+
+	if (clp->cl_cons_state == NFS_CS_READY) {
+		/* the client is already initialised */
+		dprintk("<-- nfs_init_client() = 0 [already %p]\n", clp);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	/* Check NFS protocol revision and initialize RPC op vector */
+	clp->rpc_ops = &nfs_v2_clientops;
+#ifdef CONFIG_NFS_V3
+	if (clp->cl_nfsversion == 3)
+		clp->rpc_ops = &nfs_v3_clientops;
+#endif
+	/*
+	 * Create a client RPC handle for doing FSSTAT with UNIX auth only
+	 * - RFC 2623, sec 2.3.2
+	 */
+	error = nfs_create_rpc_client(clp, proto, data->timeo, data->retrans,
+			RPC_AUTH_UNIX);
+	if (error < 0)
+		goto error;
+	nfs_mark_client_ready(clp, NFS_CS_READY);
+	return 0;
+
+error:
+	nfs_mark_client_ready(clp, error);
+	dprintk("<-- nfs_init_client() = xerror %d\n", error);
+	return error;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Create a version 2 or 3 client
+ */
+static int nfs_init_server(struct nfs_server *server, const struct nfs_mount_data *data)
+{
+	struct nfs_client *clp;
+	int error, nfsvers = 2;
+
+	dprintk("--> nfs_init_server()\n");
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_NFS_V3
+	if (data->flags & NFS_MOUNT_VER3)
+		nfsvers = 3;
+#endif
+
+	/* Allocate or find a client reference we can use */
+	clp = nfs_get_client(data->hostname, &data->addr, nfsvers);
+	if (IS_ERR(clp)) {
+		dprintk("<-- nfs_init_server() = error %ld\n", PTR_ERR(clp));
+		return PTR_ERR(clp);
+	}
+
+	error = nfs_init_client(clp, data);
+	if (error < 0)
+		goto error;
+
+	server->nfs_client = clp;
+
+	/* Initialise the client representation from the mount data */
+	server->flags = data->flags & NFS_MOUNT_FLAGMASK;
+
+	if (data->rsize)
+		server->rsize = nfs_block_size(data->rsize, NULL);
+	if (data->wsize)
+		server->wsize = nfs_block_size(data->wsize, NULL);
+
+	server->acregmin = data->acregmin * HZ;
+	server->acregmax = data->acregmax * HZ;
+	server->acdirmin = data->acdirmin * HZ;
+	server->acdirmax = data->acdirmax * HZ;
+
+	/* Start lockd here, before we might error out */
+	error = nfs_start_lockd(server);
+	if (error < 0)
+		goto error;
+
+	error = nfs_init_server_rpcclient(server, data->pseudoflavor);
+	if (error < 0)
+		goto error;
+
+	server->namelen  = data->namlen;
+	/* Create a client RPC handle for the NFSv3 ACL management interface */
+	nfs_init_server_aclclient(server);
+	if (clp->cl_nfsversion == 3) {
+		if (server->namelen == 0 || server->namelen > NFS3_MAXNAMLEN)
+			server->namelen = NFS3_MAXNAMLEN;
+		server->caps |= NFS_CAP_READDIRPLUS;
+	} else {
+		if (server->namelen == 0 || server->namelen > NFS2_MAXNAMLEN)
+			server->namelen = NFS2_MAXNAMLEN;
+	}
+
+	dprintk("<-- nfs_init_server() = 0 [new %p]\n", clp);
+	return 0;
+
+error:
+	server->nfs_client = NULL;
+	nfs_put_client(clp);
+	dprintk("<-- nfs_init_server() = xerror %d\n", error);
+	return error;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Load up the server record from information gained in an fsinfo record
+ */
+static void nfs_server_set_fsinfo(struct nfs_server *server, struct nfs_fsinfo *fsinfo)
+{
+	unsigned long max_rpc_payload;
+
+	/* Work out a lot of parameters */
+	if (server->rsize == 0)
+		server->rsize = nfs_block_size(fsinfo->rtpref, NULL);
+	if (server->wsize == 0)
+		server->wsize = nfs_block_size(fsinfo->wtpref, NULL);
+
+	if (fsinfo->rtmax >= 512 && server->rsize > fsinfo->rtmax)
+		server->rsize = nfs_block_size(fsinfo->rtmax, NULL);
+	if (fsinfo->wtmax >= 512 && server->wsize > fsinfo->wtmax)
+		server->wsize = nfs_block_size(fsinfo->wtmax, NULL);
+
+	max_rpc_payload = nfs_block_size(rpc_max_payload(server->client), NULL);
+	if (server->rsize > max_rpc_payload)
+		server->rsize = max_rpc_payload;
+	if (server->rsize > NFS_MAX_FILE_IO_SIZE)
+		server->rsize = NFS_MAX_FILE_IO_SIZE;
+	server->rpages = (server->rsize + PAGE_CACHE_SIZE - 1) >> PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT;
+	server->backing_dev_info.ra_pages = server->rpages * NFS_MAX_READAHEAD;
+
+	if (server->wsize > max_rpc_payload)
+		server->wsize = max_rpc_payload;
+	if (server->wsize > NFS_MAX_FILE_IO_SIZE)
+		server->wsize = NFS_MAX_FILE_IO_SIZE;
+	server->wpages = (server->wsize + PAGE_CACHE_SIZE - 1) >> PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT;
+	server->wtmult = nfs_block_bits(fsinfo->wtmult, NULL);
+
+	server->dtsize = nfs_block_size(fsinfo->dtpref, NULL);
+	if (server->dtsize > PAGE_CACHE_SIZE)
+		server->dtsize = PAGE_CACHE_SIZE;
+	if (server->dtsize > server->rsize)
+		server->dtsize = server->rsize;
+
+	if (server->flags & NFS_MOUNT_NOAC) {
+		server->acregmin = server->acregmax = 0;
+		server->acdirmin = server->acdirmax = 0;
+	}
+
+	server->maxfilesize = fsinfo->maxfilesize;
+
+	/* We're airborne Set socket buffersize */
+	rpc_setbufsize(server->client, server->wsize + 100, server->rsize + 100);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Probe filesystem information, including the FSID on v2/v3
+ */
+static int nfs_probe_fsinfo(struct nfs_server *server, struct nfs_fh *mntfh, struct nfs_fattr *fattr)
+{
+	struct nfs_fsinfo fsinfo;
+	struct nfs_client *clp = server->nfs_client;
+	int error;
+
+	dprintk("--> nfs_probe_fsinfo()\n");
+
+	if (clp->rpc_ops->set_capabilities != NULL) {
+		error = clp->rpc_ops->set_capabilities(server, mntfh);
+		if (error < 0)
+			goto out_error;
+	}
+
+	fsinfo.fattr = fattr;
+	nfs_fattr_init(fattr);
+	error = clp->rpc_ops->fsinfo(server, mntfh, &fsinfo);
+	if (error < 0)
+		goto out_error;
+
+	nfs_server_set_fsinfo(server, &fsinfo);
+
+	/* Get some general file system info */
+	if (server->namelen == 0) {
+		struct nfs_pathconf pathinfo;
+
+		pathinfo.fattr = fattr;
+		nfs_fattr_init(fattr);
+
+		if (clp->rpc_ops->pathconf(server, mntfh, &pathinfo) >= 0)
+			server->namelen = pathinfo.max_namelen;
+	}
+
+	dprintk("<-- nfs_probe_fsinfo() = 0\n");
+	return 0;
+
+out_error:
+	dprintk("nfs_probe_fsinfo: error = %d\n", -error);
+	return error;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Copy useful information when duplicating a server record
+ */
+static void nfs_server_copy_userdata(struct nfs_server *target, struct nfs_server *source)
+{
+	target->flags = source->flags;
+	target->acregmin = source->acregmin;
+	target->acregmax = source->acregmax;
+	target->acdirmin = source->acdirmin;
+	target->acdirmax = source->acdirmax;
+	target->caps = source->caps;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Allocate and initialise a server record
+ */
+static struct nfs_server *nfs_alloc_server(void)
+{
+	struct nfs_server *server;
+
+	server = kzalloc(sizeof(struct nfs_server), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!server)
+		return NULL;
+
+	server->client = server->client_acl = ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
+
+	/* Zero out the NFS state stuff */
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&server->client_link);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&server->master_link);
+
+	server->io_stats = nfs_alloc_iostats();
+	if (!server->io_stats) {
+		kfree(server);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	return server;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Free up a server record
+ */
+void nfs_free_server(struct nfs_server *server)
+{
+	dprintk("--> nfs_free_server()\n");
+
+	spin_lock(&nfs_client_lock);
+	list_del(&server->client_link);
+	list_del(&server->master_link);
+	spin_unlock(&nfs_client_lock);
+
+	if (server->destroy != NULL)
+		server->destroy(server);
+	if (!IS_ERR(server->client))
+		rpc_shutdown_client(server->client);
+
+	nfs_put_client(server->nfs_client);
+
+	nfs_free_iostats(server->io_stats);
+	kfree(server);
+	nfs_release_automount_timer();
+	dprintk("<-- nfs_free_server()\n");
+}
+
+/*
+ * Create a version 2 or 3 volume record
+ * - keyed on server and FSID
+ */
+struct nfs_server *nfs_create_server(const struct nfs_mount_data *data,
+				     struct nfs_fh *mntfh)
+{
+	struct nfs_server *server;
+	struct nfs_fattr fattr;
+	int error;
+
+	server = nfs_alloc_server();
+	if (!server)
+		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+
+	/* Get a client representation */
+	error = nfs_init_server(server, data);
+	if (error < 0)
+		goto error;
+
+	BUG_ON(!server->nfs_client);
+	BUG_ON(!server->nfs_client->rpc_ops);
+	BUG_ON(!server->nfs_client->rpc_ops->file_inode_ops);
+
+	/* Probe the root fh to retrieve its FSID */
+	error = nfs_probe_fsinfo(server, mntfh, &fattr);
+	if (error < 0)
+		goto error;
+	if (!(fattr.valid & NFS_ATTR_FATTR)) {
+		error = server->nfs_client->rpc_ops->getattr(server, mntfh, &fattr);
+		if (error < 0) {
+			dprintk("nfs_create_server: getattr error = %d\n", -error);
+			goto error;
+		}
+	}
+	memcpy(&server->fsid, &fattr.fsid, sizeof(server->fsid));
+
+	dprintk("Server FSID: %llx:%llx\n", server->fsid.major, server->fsid.minor);
+
+	BUG_ON(!server->nfs_client);
+	BUG_ON(!server->nfs_client->rpc_ops);
+	BUG_ON(!server->nfs_client->rpc_ops->file_inode_ops);
+
+	spin_lock(&nfs_client_lock);
+	list_add_tail(&server->client_link, &server->nfs_client->cl_superblocks);
+	list_add_tail(&server->master_link, &nfs_volume_list);
+	spin_unlock(&nfs_client_lock);
+
+	server->mount_time = jiffies;
+	return server;
+
+error:
+	nfs_free_server(server);
+	return ERR_PTR(error);
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_NFS_V4
+/*
+ * Initialise an NFS4 client record
+ */
+static int nfs4_init_client(struct nfs_client *clp,
+		int proto, int timeo, int retrans,
+		rpc_authflavor_t authflavour)
+{
+	int error;
+
+	if (clp->cl_cons_state == NFS_CS_READY) {
+		/* the client is initialised already */
+		dprintk("<-- nfs4_init_client() = 0 [already %p]\n", clp);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	/* Check NFS protocol revision and initialize RPC op vector */
+	clp->rpc_ops = &nfs_v4_clientops;
+
+	error = nfs_create_rpc_client(clp, proto, timeo, retrans, authflavour);
+	if (error < 0)
+		goto error;
+
+	error = nfs_idmap_new(clp);
+	if (error < 0) {
+		dprintk("%s: failed to create idmapper. Error = %d\n",
+			__FUNCTION__, error);
+		__set_bit(NFS_CS_IDMAP, &clp->cl_res_state);
+		goto error;
+	}
+
+	nfs_mark_client_ready(clp, NFS_CS_READY);
+	return 0;
+
+error:
+	nfs_mark_client_ready(clp, error);
+	dprintk("<-- nfs4_init_client() = xerror %d\n", error);
+	return error;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Set up an NFS4 client
+ */
+static int nfs4_set_client(struct nfs_server *server,
+		const char *hostname, const struct sockaddr_in *addr,
+		rpc_authflavor_t authflavour,
+		int proto, int timeo, int retrans)
+{
+	struct nfs_client *clp;
+	int error;
+
+	dprintk("--> nfs4_set_client()\n");
+
+	/* Allocate or find a client reference we can use */
+	clp = nfs_get_client(hostname, addr, 4);
+	if (IS_ERR(clp)) {
+		error = PTR_ERR(clp);
+		goto error;
+	}
+	error = nfs4_init_client(clp, proto, timeo, retrans, authflavour);
+	if (error < 0)
+		goto error_put;
+
+	server->nfs_client = clp;
+	dprintk("<-- nfs4_set_client() = 0 [new %p]\n", clp);
+	return 0;
+
+error_put:
+	nfs_put_client(clp);
+error:
+	dprintk("<-- nfs4_set_client() = xerror %d\n", error);
+	return error;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Create a version 4 volume record
+ */
+static int nfs4_init_server(struct nfs_server *server,
+		const struct nfs4_mount_data *data, rpc_authflavor_t authflavour)
+{
+	int error;
+
+	dprintk("--> nfs4_init_server()\n");
+
+	/* Initialise the client representation from the mount data */
+	server->flags = data->flags & NFS_MOUNT_FLAGMASK;
+	server->caps |= NFS_CAP_ATOMIC_OPEN;
+
+	if (data->rsize)
+		server->rsize = nfs_block_size(data->rsize, NULL);
+	if (data->wsize)
+		server->wsize = nfs_block_size(data->wsize, NULL);
+
+	server->acregmin = data->acregmin * HZ;
+	server->acregmax = data->acregmax * HZ;
+	server->acdirmin = data->acdirmin * HZ;
+	server->acdirmax = data->acdirmax * HZ;
+
+	error = nfs_init_server_rpcclient(server, authflavour);
+
+	/* Done */
+	dprintk("<-- nfs4_init_server() = %d\n", error);
+	return error;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Create a version 4 volume record
+ * - keyed on server and FSID
+ */
+struct nfs_server *nfs4_create_server(const struct nfs4_mount_data *data,
+				      const char *hostname,
+				      const struct sockaddr_in *addr,
+				      const char *mntpath,
+				      const char *ip_addr,
+				      rpc_authflavor_t authflavour,
+				      struct nfs_fh *mntfh)
+{
+	struct nfs_fattr fattr;
+	struct nfs_server *server;
+	int error;
+
+	dprintk("--> nfs4_create_server()\n");
+
+	server = nfs_alloc_server();
+	if (!server)
+		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+
+	/* Get a client record */
+	error = nfs4_set_client(server, hostname, addr, authflavour,
+			data->proto, data->timeo, data->retrans);
+	if (error < 0)
+		goto error;
+
+	/* set up the general RPC client */
+	error = nfs4_init_server(server, data, authflavour);
+	if (error < 0)
+		goto error;
+
+	BUG_ON(!server->nfs_client);
+	BUG_ON(!server->nfs_client->rpc_ops);
+	BUG_ON(!server->nfs_client->rpc_ops->file_inode_ops);
+
+	/* Probe the root fh to retrieve its FSID */
+	error = nfs4_path_walk(server, mntfh, mntpath);
+	if (error < 0)
+		goto error;
+
+	dprintk("Server FSID: %llx:%llx\n", server->fsid.major, server->fsid.minor);
+	dprintk("Mount FH: %d\n", mntfh->size);
+
+	error = nfs_probe_fsinfo(server, mntfh, &fattr);
+	if (error < 0)
+		goto error;
+
+	BUG_ON(!server->nfs_client);
+	BUG_ON(!server->nfs_client->rpc_ops);
+	BUG_ON(!server->nfs_client->rpc_ops->file_inode_ops);
+
+	spin_lock(&nfs_client_lock);
+	list_add_tail(&server->client_link, &server->nfs_client->cl_superblocks);
+	list_add_tail(&server->master_link, &nfs_volume_list);
+	spin_unlock(&nfs_client_lock);
+
+	server->mount_time = jiffies;
+	dprintk("<-- nfs4_create_server() = %p\n", server);
+	return server;
+
+error:
+	nfs_free_server(server);
+	dprintk("<-- nfs4_create_server() = error %d\n", error);
+	return ERR_PTR(error);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Create an NFS4 referral server record
+ */
+struct nfs_server *nfs4_create_referral_server(struct nfs_clone_mount *data,
+					       struct nfs_fh *fh)
+{
+	struct nfs_client *parent_client;
+	struct nfs_server *server, *parent_server;
+	struct nfs_fattr fattr;
+	int error;
+
+	dprintk("--> nfs4_create_referral_server()\n");
+
+	server = nfs_alloc_server();
+	if (!server)
+		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+
+	parent_server = NFS_SB(data->sb);
+	parent_client = parent_server->nfs_client;
+
+	/* Get a client representation.
+	 * Note: NFSv4 always uses TCP, */
+	error = nfs4_set_client(server, data->hostname, data->addr,
+			data->authflavor,
+			parent_server->client->cl_xprt->prot,
+			parent_client->retrans_timeo,
+			parent_client->retrans_count);
+
+	/* Initialise the client representation from the parent server */
+	nfs_server_copy_userdata(server, parent_server);
+	server->caps |= NFS_CAP_ATOMIC_OPEN;
+
+	error = nfs_init_server_rpcclient(server, data->authflavor);
+	if (error < 0)
+		goto error;
+
+	BUG_ON(!server->nfs_client);
+	BUG_ON(!server->nfs_client->rpc_ops);
+	BUG_ON(!server->nfs_client->rpc_ops->file_inode_ops);
+
+	/* probe the filesystem info for this server filesystem */
+	error = nfs_probe_fsinfo(server, fh, &fattr);
+	if (error < 0)
+		goto error;
+
+	dprintk("Referral FSID: %llx:%llx\n",
+		server->fsid.major, server->fsid.minor);
+
+	spin_lock(&nfs_client_lock);
+	list_add_tail(&server->client_link, &server->nfs_client->cl_superblocks);
+	list_add_tail(&server->master_link, &nfs_volume_list);
+	spin_unlock(&nfs_client_lock);
+
+	server->mount_time = jiffies;
+
+	dprintk("<-- nfs_create_referral_server() = %p\n", server);
+	return server;
+
+error:
+	nfs_free_server(server);
+	dprintk("<-- nfs4_create_referral_server() = error %d\n", error);
+	return ERR_PTR(error);
+}
+
+#endif /* CONFIG_NFS_V4 */
+
+/*
+ * Clone an NFS2, NFS3 or NFS4 server record
+ */
+struct nfs_server *nfs_clone_server(struct nfs_server *source,
+				    struct nfs_fh *fh,
+				    struct nfs_fattr *fattr)
+{
+	struct nfs_server *server;
+	struct nfs_fattr fattr_fsinfo;
+	int error;
+
+	dprintk("--> nfs_clone_server(,%llx:%llx,)\n",
+		fattr->fsid.major, fattr->fsid.minor);
+
+	server = nfs_alloc_server();
+	if (!server)
+		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+
+	/* Copy data from the source */
+	server->nfs_client = source->nfs_client;
+	atomic_inc(&server->nfs_client->cl_count);
+	nfs_server_copy_userdata(server, source);
+
+	server->fsid = fattr->fsid;
+
+	error = nfs_init_server_rpcclient(server, source->client->cl_auth->au_flavor);
+	if (error < 0)
+		goto out_free_server;
+	if (!IS_ERR(source->client_acl))
+		nfs_init_server_aclclient(server);
+
+	/* probe the filesystem info for this server filesystem */
+	error = nfs_probe_fsinfo(server, fh, &fattr_fsinfo);
+	if (error < 0)
+		goto out_free_server;
+
+	dprintk("Cloned FSID: %llx:%llx\n",
+		server->fsid.major, server->fsid.minor);
+
+	error = nfs_start_lockd(server);
+	if (error < 0)
+		goto out_free_server;
+
+	spin_lock(&nfs_client_lock);
+	list_add_tail(&server->client_link, &server->nfs_client->cl_superblocks);
+	list_add_tail(&server->master_link, &nfs_volume_list);
+	spin_unlock(&nfs_client_lock);
+
+	server->mount_time = jiffies;
+
+	dprintk("<-- nfs_clone_server() = %p\n", server);
+	return server;
+
+out_free_server:
+	nfs_free_server(server);
+	dprintk("<-- nfs_clone_server() = error %d\n", error);
+	return ERR_PTR(error);
+}
diff --git a/fs/nfs/dir.c b/fs/nfs/dir.c
index 19362712452f..9b496ef4abea 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/dir.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/dir.c
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
 #include <linux/pagemap.h>
 #include <linux/smp_lock.h>
 #include <linux/namei.h>
+#include <linux/mount.h>
 
 #include "nfs4_fs.h"
 #include "delegation.h"
@@ -870,14 +871,14 @@ int nfs_is_exclusive_create(struct inode *dir, struct nameidata *nd)
 	return (nd->intent.open.flags & O_EXCL) != 0;
 }
 
-static inline int nfs_reval_fsid(struct inode *dir,
-		struct nfs_fh *fh, struct nfs_fattr *fattr)
+static inline int nfs_reval_fsid(struct vfsmount *mnt, struct inode *dir,
+				 struct nfs_fh *fh, struct nfs_fattr *fattr)
 {
 	struct nfs_server *server = NFS_SERVER(dir);
 
 	if (!nfs_fsid_equal(&server->fsid, &fattr->fsid))
 		/* Revalidate fsid on root dir */
-		return __nfs_revalidate_inode(server, dir->i_sb->s_root->d_inode);
+		return __nfs_revalidate_inode(server, mnt->mnt_root->d_inode);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -913,7 +914,7 @@ static struct dentry *nfs_lookup(struct inode *dir, struct dentry * dentry, stru
 		res = ERR_PTR(error);
 		goto out_unlock;
 	}
-	error = nfs_reval_fsid(dir, &fhandle, &fattr);
+	error = nfs_reval_fsid(nd->mnt, dir, &fhandle, &fattr);
 	if (error < 0) {
 		res = ERR_PTR(error);
 		goto out_unlock;
@@ -922,8 +923,9 @@ static struct dentry *nfs_lookup(struct inode *dir, struct dentry * dentry, stru
 	res = (struct dentry *)inode;
 	if (IS_ERR(res))
 		goto out_unlock;
+
 no_entry:
-	res = d_add_unique(dentry, inode);
+	res = d_materialise_unique(dentry, inode);
 	if (res != NULL)
 		dentry = res;
 	nfs_renew_times(dentry);
@@ -1117,11 +1119,13 @@ static struct dentry *nfs_readdir_lookup(nfs_readdir_descriptor_t *desc)
 		dput(dentry);
 		return NULL;
 	}
-	alias = d_add_unique(dentry, inode);
+
+	alias = d_materialise_unique(dentry, inode);
 	if (alias != NULL) {
 		dput(dentry);
 		dentry = alias;
 	}
+
 	nfs_renew_times(dentry);
 	nfs_set_verifier(dentry, nfs_save_change_attribute(dir));
 	return dentry;
diff --git a/fs/nfs/getroot.c b/fs/nfs/getroot.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..977e59088eeb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/nfs/getroot.c
@@ -0,0 +1,306 @@
+/* getroot.c: get the root dentry for an NFS mount
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2006 Red Hat, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+ * Written by David Howells (dhowells@redhat.com)
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+ * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
+ * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
+ * 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+ */
+
+#include <linux/config.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/init.h>
+
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <linux/kernel.h>
+#include <linux/mm.h>
+#include <linux/string.h>
+#include <linux/stat.h>
+#include <linux/errno.h>
+#include <linux/unistd.h>
+#include <linux/sunrpc/clnt.h>
+#include <linux/sunrpc/stats.h>
+#include <linux/nfs_fs.h>
+#include <linux/nfs_mount.h>
+#include <linux/nfs4_mount.h>
+#include <linux/lockd/bind.h>
+#include <linux/smp_lock.h>
+#include <linux/seq_file.h>
+#include <linux/mount.h>
+#include <linux/nfs_idmap.h>
+#include <linux/vfs.h>
+#include <linux/namei.h>
+#include <linux/namespace.h>
+
+#include <asm/system.h>
+#include <asm/uaccess.h>
+
+#include "nfs4_fs.h"
+#include "delegation.h"
+#include "internal.h"
+
+#define NFSDBG_FACILITY		NFSDBG_CLIENT
+#define NFS_PARANOIA 1
+
+/*
+ * get an NFS2/NFS3 root dentry from the root filehandle
+ */
+struct dentry *nfs_get_root(struct super_block *sb, struct nfs_fh *mntfh)
+{
+	struct nfs_server *server = NFS_SB(sb);
+	struct nfs_fsinfo fsinfo;
+	struct nfs_fattr fattr;
+	struct dentry *mntroot;
+	struct inode *inode;
+	int error;
+
+	/* create a dummy root dentry with dummy inode for this superblock */
+	if (!sb->s_root) {
+		struct nfs_fh dummyfh;
+		struct dentry *root;
+		struct inode *iroot;
+
+		memset(&dummyfh, 0, sizeof(dummyfh));
+		memset(&fattr, 0, sizeof(fattr));
+		nfs_fattr_init(&fattr);
+		fattr.valid = NFS_ATTR_FATTR;
+		fattr.type = NFDIR;
+		fattr.mode = S_IFDIR | S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR;
+		fattr.nlink = 2;
+
+		iroot = nfs_fhget(sb, &dummyfh, &fattr);
+		if (IS_ERR(iroot))
+			return ERR_PTR(PTR_ERR(iroot));
+
+		root = d_alloc_root(iroot);
+		if (!root) {
+			iput(iroot);
+			return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+		}
+
+		sb->s_root = root;
+	}
+
+	/* get the actual root for this mount */
+	fsinfo.fattr = &fattr;
+
+	error = server->nfs_client->rpc_ops->getroot(server, mntfh, &fsinfo);
+	if (error < 0) {
+		dprintk("nfs_get_root: getattr error = %d\n", -error);
+		return ERR_PTR(error);
+	}
+
+	inode = nfs_fhget(sb, mntfh, fsinfo.fattr);
+	if (IS_ERR(inode)) {
+		dprintk("nfs_get_root: get root inode failed\n");
+		return ERR_PTR(PTR_ERR(inode));
+	}
+
+	/* root dentries normally start off anonymous and get spliced in later
+	 * if the dentry tree reaches them; however if the dentry already
+	 * exists, we'll pick it up at this point and use it as the root
+	 */
+	mntroot = d_alloc_anon(inode);
+	if (!mntroot) {
+		iput(inode);
+		dprintk("nfs_get_root: get root dentry failed\n");
+		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+	}
+
+	if (!mntroot->d_op)
+		mntroot->d_op = server->nfs_client->rpc_ops->dentry_ops;
+
+	return mntroot;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_NFS_V4
+
+/*
+ * Do a simple pathwalk from the root FH of the server to the nominated target
+ * of the mountpoint
+ * - give error on symlinks
+ * - give error on ".." occurring in the path
+ * - follow traversals
+ */
+int nfs4_path_walk(struct nfs_server *server,
+		   struct nfs_fh *mntfh,
+		   const char *path)
+{
+	struct nfs_fsinfo fsinfo;
+	struct nfs_fattr fattr;
+	struct nfs_fh lastfh;
+	struct qstr name;
+	int ret;
+	//int referral_count = 0;
+
+	dprintk("--> nfs4_path_walk(,,%s)\n", path);
+
+	fsinfo.fattr = &fattr;
+	nfs_fattr_init(&fattr);
+
+	if (*path++ != '/') {
+		dprintk("nfs4_get_root: Path does not begin with a slash\n");
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	/* Start by getting the root filehandle from the server */
+	ret = server->nfs_client->rpc_ops->getroot(server, mntfh, &fsinfo);
+	if (ret < 0) {
+		dprintk("nfs4_get_root: getroot error = %d\n", -ret);
+		return ret;
+	}
+
+	if (fattr.type != NFDIR) {
+		printk(KERN_ERR "nfs4_get_root:"
+		       " getroot encountered non-directory\n");
+		return -ENOTDIR;
+	}
+
+	if (fattr.valid & NFS_ATTR_FATTR_V4_REFERRAL) {
+		printk(KERN_ERR "nfs4_get_root:"
+		       " getroot obtained referral\n");
+		return -EREMOTE;
+	}
+
+next_component:
+	dprintk("Next: %s\n", path);
+
+	/* extract the next bit of the path */
+	if (!*path)
+		goto path_walk_complete;
+
+	name.name = path;
+	while (*path && *path != '/')
+		path++;
+	name.len = path - (const char *) name.name;
+
+eat_dot_dir:
+	while (*path == '/')
+		path++;
+
+	if (path[0] == '.' && (path[1] == '/' || !path[1])) {
+		path += 2;
+		goto eat_dot_dir;
+	}
+
+	if (path[0] == '.' && path[1] == '.' && (path[2] == '/' || !path[2])
+	    ) {
+		printk(KERN_ERR "nfs4_get_root:"
+		       " Mount path contains reference to \"..\"\n");
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	/* lookup the next FH in the sequence */
+	memcpy(&lastfh, mntfh, sizeof(lastfh));
+
+	dprintk("LookupFH: %*.*s [%s]\n", name.len, name.len, name.name, path);
+
+	ret = server->nfs_client->rpc_ops->lookupfh(server, &lastfh, &name,
+						    mntfh, &fattr);
+	if (ret < 0) {
+		dprintk("nfs4_get_root: getroot error = %d\n", -ret);
+		return ret;
+	}
+
+	if (fattr.type != NFDIR) {
+		printk(KERN_ERR "nfs4_get_root:"
+		       " lookupfh encountered non-directory\n");
+		return -ENOTDIR;
+	}
+
+	if (fattr.valid & NFS_ATTR_FATTR_V4_REFERRAL) {
+		printk(KERN_ERR "nfs4_get_root:"
+		       " lookupfh obtained referral\n");
+		return -EREMOTE;
+	}
+
+	goto next_component;
+
+path_walk_complete:
+	memcpy(&server->fsid, &fattr.fsid, sizeof(server->fsid));
+	dprintk("<-- nfs4_path_walk() = 0\n");
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * get an NFS4 root dentry from the root filehandle
+ */
+struct dentry *nfs4_get_root(struct super_block *sb, struct nfs_fh *mntfh)
+{
+	struct nfs_server *server = NFS_SB(sb);
+	struct nfs_fattr fattr;
+	struct dentry *mntroot;
+	struct inode *inode;
+	int error;
+
+	dprintk("--> nfs4_get_root()\n");
+
+	/* create a dummy root dentry with dummy inode for this superblock */
+	if (!sb->s_root) {
+		struct nfs_fh dummyfh;
+		struct dentry *root;
+		struct inode *iroot;
+
+		memset(&dummyfh, 0, sizeof(dummyfh));
+		memset(&fattr, 0, sizeof(fattr));
+		nfs_fattr_init(&fattr);
+		fattr.valid = NFS_ATTR_FATTR;
+		fattr.type = NFDIR;
+		fattr.mode = S_IFDIR | S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR;
+		fattr.nlink = 2;
+
+		iroot = nfs_fhget(sb, &dummyfh, &fattr);
+		if (IS_ERR(iroot))
+			return ERR_PTR(PTR_ERR(iroot));
+
+		root = d_alloc_root(iroot);
+		if (!root) {
+			iput(iroot);
+			return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+		}
+
+		sb->s_root = root;
+	}
+
+	/* get the info about the server and filesystem */
+	error = nfs4_server_capabilities(server, mntfh);
+	if (error < 0) {
+		dprintk("nfs_get_root: getcaps error = %d\n",
+			-error);
+		return ERR_PTR(error);
+	}
+
+	/* get the actual root for this mount */
+	error = server->nfs_client->rpc_ops->getattr(server, mntfh, &fattr);
+	if (error < 0) {
+		dprintk("nfs_get_root: getattr error = %d\n", -error);
+		return ERR_PTR(error);
+	}
+
+	inode = nfs_fhget(sb, mntfh, &fattr);
+	if (IS_ERR(inode)) {
+		dprintk("nfs_get_root: get root inode failed\n");
+		return ERR_PTR(PTR_ERR(inode));
+	}
+
+	/* root dentries normally start off anonymous and get spliced in later
+	 * if the dentry tree reaches them; however if the dentry already
+	 * exists, we'll pick it up at this point and use it as the root
+	 */
+	mntroot = d_alloc_anon(inode);
+	if (!mntroot) {
+		iput(inode);
+		dprintk("nfs_get_root: get root dentry failed\n");
+		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+	}
+
+	if (!mntroot->d_op)
+		mntroot->d_op = server->nfs_client->rpc_ops->dentry_ops;
+
+	dprintk("<-- nfs4_get_root()\n");
+	return mntroot;
+}
+
+#endif /* CONFIG_NFS_V4 */
diff --git a/fs/nfs/idmap.c b/fs/nfs/idmap.c
index 231c20ffc0ff..f96dfac7dc9a 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/idmap.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/idmap.c
@@ -114,8 +114,7 @@ nfs_idmap_new(struct nfs_client *clp)
 	struct idmap *idmap;
 	int error;
 
-	if (clp->cl_idmap != NULL)
-		return 0;
+	BUG_ON(clp->cl_idmap != NULL);
 
         if ((idmap = kzalloc(sizeof(*idmap), GFP_KERNEL)) == NULL)
                 return -ENOMEM;
diff --git a/fs/nfs/inode.c b/fs/nfs/inode.c
index 771c3b833757..a547c58a83e6 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/inode.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/inode.c
@@ -1020,7 +1020,7 @@ static int nfs_update_inode(struct inode *inode, struct nfs_fattr *fattr)
  out_fileid:
 	printk(KERN_ERR "NFS: server %s error: fileid changed\n"
 		"fsid %s: expected fileid 0x%Lx, got 0x%Lx\n",
-		NFS_SERVER(inode)->hostname, inode->i_sb->s_id,
+		NFS_SERVER(inode)->nfs_client->cl_hostname, inode->i_sb->s_id,
 		(long long)nfsi->fileid, (long long)fattr->fileid);
 	goto out_err;
 }
diff --git a/fs/nfs/internal.h b/fs/nfs/internal.h
index 2f3aa52fbefc..e73ba4f1052a 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/internal.h
+++ b/fs/nfs/internal.h
@@ -4,6 +4,18 @@
 
 #include <linux/mount.h>
 
+struct nfs_string;
+struct nfs_mount_data;
+struct nfs4_mount_data;
+
+/* Maximum number of readahead requests
+ * FIXME: this should really be a sysctl so that users may tune it to suit
+ *        their needs. People that do NFS over a slow network, might for
+ *        instance want to reduce it to something closer to 1 for improved
+ *        interactive response.
+ */
+#define NFS_MAX_READAHEAD	(RPC_DEF_SLOT_TABLE - 1)
+
 struct nfs_clone_mount {
 	const struct super_block *sb;
 	const struct dentry *dentry;
@@ -16,12 +28,25 @@ struct nfs_clone_mount {
 };
 
 /* client.c */
+extern struct rpc_program nfs_program;
+
 extern void nfs_put_client(struct nfs_client *);
 extern struct nfs_client *nfs_find_client(const struct sockaddr_in *, int);
-extern struct nfs_client *nfs_get_client(const char *, const struct sockaddr_in *, int);
-extern void nfs_mark_client_ready(struct nfs_client *, int);
-extern int nfs_create_rpc_client(struct nfs_client *, int, unsigned int,
-				 unsigned int, rpc_authflavor_t);
+extern struct nfs_server *nfs_create_server(const struct nfs_mount_data *,
+					    struct nfs_fh *);
+extern struct nfs_server *nfs4_create_server(const struct nfs4_mount_data *,
+					     const char *,
+					     const struct sockaddr_in *,
+					     const char *,
+					     const char *,
+					     rpc_authflavor_t,
+					     struct nfs_fh *);
+extern struct nfs_server *nfs4_create_referral_server(struct nfs_clone_mount *,
+						      struct nfs_fh *);
+extern void nfs_free_server(struct nfs_server *server);
+extern struct nfs_server *nfs_clone_server(struct nfs_server *,
+					   struct nfs_fh *,
+					   struct nfs_fattr *);
 
 /* nfs4namespace.c */
 #ifdef CONFIG_NFS_V4
@@ -89,10 +114,10 @@ extern void nfs4_clear_inode(struct inode *);
 #endif
 
 /* super.c */
-extern struct file_system_type nfs_referral_nfs4_fs_type;
-extern struct file_system_type clone_nfs_fs_type;
+extern struct file_system_type nfs_xdev_fs_type;
 #ifdef CONFIG_NFS_V4
-extern struct file_system_type clone_nfs4_fs_type;
+extern struct file_system_type nfs4_xdev_fs_type;
+extern struct file_system_type nfs4_referral_fs_type;
 #endif
 
 extern struct rpc_stat nfs_rpcstat;
@@ -101,28 +126,30 @@ extern int __init register_nfs_fs(void);
 extern void __exit unregister_nfs_fs(void);
 
 /* namespace.c */
-extern char *nfs_path(const char *base, const struct dentry *dentry,
+extern char *nfs_path(const char *base,
+		      const struct dentry *droot,
+		      const struct dentry *dentry,
 		      char *buffer, ssize_t buflen);
 
-/*
- * Determine the mount path as a string
- */
+/* getroot.c */
+extern struct dentry *nfs_get_root(struct super_block *, struct nfs_fh *);
 #ifdef CONFIG_NFS_V4
-static inline char *
-nfs4_path(const struct dentry *dentry, char *buffer, ssize_t buflen)
-{
-	return nfs_path(NFS_SB(dentry->d_sb)->mnt_path, dentry, buffer, buflen);
-}
+extern struct dentry *nfs4_get_root(struct super_block *, struct nfs_fh *);
+
+extern int nfs4_path_walk(struct nfs_server *server,
+			  struct nfs_fh *mntfh,
+			  const char *path);
 #endif
 
 /*
  * Determine the device name as a string
  */
 static inline char *nfs_devname(const struct vfsmount *mnt_parent,
-			 const struct dentry *dentry,
-			 char *buffer, ssize_t buflen)
+				const struct dentry *dentry,
+				char *buffer, ssize_t buflen)
 {
-	return nfs_path(mnt_parent->mnt_devname, dentry, buffer, buflen);
+	return nfs_path(mnt_parent->mnt_devname, mnt_parent->mnt_root,
+			dentry, buffer, buflen);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -178,20 +205,3 @@ void nfs_super_set_maxbytes(struct super_block *sb, __u64 maxfilesize)
 	if (sb->s_maxbytes > MAX_LFS_FILESIZE || sb->s_maxbytes <= 0)
 		sb->s_maxbytes = MAX_LFS_FILESIZE;
 }
-
-/*
- * Check if the string represents a "valid" IPv4 address
- */
-static inline int valid_ipaddr4(const char *buf)
-{
-	int rc, count, in[4];
-
-	rc = sscanf(buf, "%d.%d.%d.%d", &in[0], &in[1], &in[2], &in[3]);
-	if (rc != 4)
-		return -EINVAL;
-	for (count = 0; count < 4; count++) {
-		if (in[count] > 255)
-			return -EINVAL;
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
diff --git a/fs/nfs/namespace.c b/fs/nfs/namespace.c
index d8b8d56266cb..77b00684894d 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/namespace.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/namespace.c
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
  * linux/fs/nfs/namespace.c
  *
  * Copyright (C) 2005 Trond Myklebust <Trond.Myklebust@netapp.com>
+ * - Modified by David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
  *
  * NFS namespace
  */
@@ -28,6 +29,7 @@ int nfs_mountpoint_expiry_timeout = 500 * HZ;
 /*
  * nfs_path - reconstruct the path given an arbitrary dentry
  * @base - arbitrary string to prepend to the path
+ * @droot - pointer to root dentry for mountpoint
  * @dentry - pointer to dentry
  * @buffer - result buffer
  * @buflen - length of buffer
@@ -38,7 +40,9 @@ int nfs_mountpoint_expiry_timeout = 500 * HZ;
  * This is mainly for use in figuring out the path on the
  * server side when automounting on top of an existing partition.
  */
-char *nfs_path(const char *base, const struct dentry *dentry,
+char *nfs_path(const char *base,
+	       const struct dentry *droot,
+	       const struct dentry *dentry,
 	       char *buffer, ssize_t buflen)
 {
 	char *end = buffer+buflen;
@@ -47,7 +51,7 @@ char *nfs_path(const char *base, const struct dentry *dentry,
 	*--end = '\0';
 	buflen--;
 	spin_lock(&dcache_lock);
-	while (!IS_ROOT(dentry)) {
+	while (!IS_ROOT(dentry) && dentry != droot) {
 		namelen = dentry->d_name.len;
 		buflen -= namelen + 1;
 		if (buflen < 0)
@@ -96,12 +100,13 @@ static void * nfs_follow_mountpoint(struct dentry *dentry, struct nameidata *nd)
 	struct nfs_fattr fattr;
 	int err;
 
+	dprintk("--> nfs_follow_mountpoint()\n");
+
 	BUG_ON(IS_ROOT(dentry));
 	dprintk("%s: enter\n", __FUNCTION__);
 	dput(nd->dentry);
 	nd->dentry = dget(dentry);
-	if (d_mountpoint(nd->dentry))
-		goto out_follow;
+
 	/* Look it up again */
 	parent = dget_parent(nd->dentry);
 	err = server->nfs_client->rpc_ops->lookup(parent->d_inode,
@@ -134,6 +139,8 @@ static void * nfs_follow_mountpoint(struct dentry *dentry, struct nameidata *nd)
 	schedule_delayed_work(&nfs_automount_task, nfs_mountpoint_expiry_timeout);
 out:
 	dprintk("%s: done, returned %d\n", __FUNCTION__, err);
+
+	dprintk("<-- nfs_follow_mountpoint() = %d\n", err);
 	return ERR_PTR(err);
 out_err:
 	path_release(nd);
@@ -183,14 +190,14 @@ static struct vfsmount *nfs_do_clone_mount(struct nfs_server *server,
 	switch (server->nfs_client->cl_nfsversion) {
 		case 2:
 		case 3:
-			mnt = vfs_kern_mount(&clone_nfs_fs_type, 0, devname, mountdata);
+			mnt = vfs_kern_mount(&nfs_xdev_fs_type, 0, devname, mountdata);
 			break;
 		case 4:
-			mnt = vfs_kern_mount(&clone_nfs4_fs_type, 0, devname, mountdata);
+			mnt = vfs_kern_mount(&nfs4_xdev_fs_type, 0, devname, mountdata);
 	}
 	return mnt;
 #else
-	return vfs_kern_mount(&clone_nfs_fs_type, 0, devname, mountdata);
+	return vfs_kern_mount(&nfs_xdev_fs_type, 0, devname, mountdata);
 #endif
 }
 
@@ -216,6 +223,8 @@ struct vfsmount *nfs_do_submount(const struct vfsmount *mnt_parent,
 	char *page = (char *) __get_free_page(GFP_USER);
 	char *devname;
 
+	dprintk("--> nfs_do_submount()\n");
+
 	dprintk("%s: submounting on %s/%s\n", __FUNCTION__,
 			dentry->d_parent->d_name.name,
 			dentry->d_name.name);
@@ -230,5 +239,7 @@ free_page:
 	free_page((unsigned long)page);
 out:
 	dprintk("%s: done\n", __FUNCTION__);
+
+	dprintk("<-- nfs_do_submount() = %p\n", mnt);
 	return mnt;
 }
diff --git a/fs/nfs/nfs3proc.c b/fs/nfs/nfs3proc.c
index 0622af0122be..9e8258ece6fd 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/nfs3proc.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/nfs3proc.c
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ do_proc_get_root(struct rpc_clnt *client, struct nfs_fh *fhandle,
 }
 
 /*
- * Bare-bones access to getattr: this is for nfs_read_super.
+ * Bare-bones access to getattr: this is for nfs_get_root/nfs_get_sb
  */
 static int
 nfs3_proc_get_root(struct nfs_server *server, struct nfs_fh *fhandle,
diff --git a/fs/nfs/nfs4_fs.h b/fs/nfs/nfs4_fs.h
index e7879245361e..61095fe4b5ca 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/nfs4_fs.h
+++ b/fs/nfs/nfs4_fs.h
@@ -188,8 +188,6 @@ extern void nfs4_kill_renewd(struct nfs_client *);
 extern void nfs4_renew_state(void *);
 
 /* nfs4state.c */
-extern void init_nfsv4_state(struct nfs_server *);
-extern void destroy_nfsv4_state(struct nfs_server *);
 struct rpc_cred *nfs4_get_renew_cred(struct nfs_client *clp);
 extern u32 nfs4_alloc_lockowner_id(struct nfs_client *);
 
@@ -224,10 +222,6 @@ extern struct svc_version nfs4_callback_version1;
 
 #else
 
-#define init_nfsv4_state(server)  do { } while (0)
-#define destroy_nfsv4_state(server)       do { } while (0)
-#define nfs4_put_state_owner(inode, owner) do { } while (0)
-#define nfs4_put_open_state(state) do { } while (0)
 #define nfs4_close_state(a, b) do { } while (0)
 
 #endif /* CONFIG_NFS_V4 */
diff --git a/fs/nfs/nfs4namespace.c b/fs/nfs/nfs4namespace.c
index faed9bcba50f..24e47f3bbd17 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/nfs4namespace.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/nfs4namespace.c
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
  * linux/fs/nfs/nfs4namespace.c
  *
  * Copyright (C) 2005 Trond Myklebust <Trond.Myklebust@netapp.com>
+ * - Modified by David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
  *
  * NFSv4 namespace
  */
@@ -47,6 +48,68 @@ Elong:
 	return ERR_PTR(-ENAMETOOLONG);
 }
 
+/*
+ * Determine the mount path as a string
+ */
+static char *nfs4_path(const struct vfsmount *mnt_parent,
+		       const struct dentry *dentry,
+		       char *buffer, ssize_t buflen)
+{
+	const char *srvpath;
+
+	srvpath = strchr(mnt_parent->mnt_devname, ':');
+	if (srvpath)
+		srvpath++;
+	else
+		srvpath = mnt_parent->mnt_devname;
+
+	return nfs_path(srvpath, mnt_parent->mnt_root, dentry, buffer, buflen);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Check that fs_locations::fs_root [RFC3530 6.3] is a prefix for what we
+ * believe to be the server path to this dentry
+ */
+static int nfs4_validate_fspath(const struct vfsmount *mnt_parent,
+				const struct dentry *dentry,
+				const struct nfs4_fs_locations *locations,
+				char *page, char *page2)
+{
+	const char *path, *fs_path;
+
+	path = nfs4_path(mnt_parent, dentry, page, PAGE_SIZE);
+	if (IS_ERR(path))
+		return PTR_ERR(path);
+
+	fs_path = nfs4_pathname_string(&locations->fs_path, page2, PAGE_SIZE);
+	if (IS_ERR(fs_path))
+		return PTR_ERR(fs_path);
+
+	if (strncmp(path, fs_path, strlen(fs_path)) != 0) {
+		dprintk("%s: path %s does not begin with fsroot %s\n",
+			__FUNCTION__, path, fs_path);
+		return -ENOENT;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Check if the string represents a "valid" IPv4 address
+ */
+static inline int valid_ipaddr4(const char *buf)
+{
+	int rc, count, in[4];
+
+	rc = sscanf(buf, "%d.%d.%d.%d", &in[0], &in[1], &in[2], &in[3]);
+	if (rc != 4)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	for (count = 0; count < 4; count++) {
+		if (in[count] > 255)
+			return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
 
 /**
  * nfs_follow_referral - set up mountpoint when hitting a referral on moved error
@@ -68,10 +131,9 @@ static struct vfsmount *nfs_follow_referral(const struct vfsmount *mnt_parent,
 		.dentry = dentry,
 		.authflavor = NFS_SB(mnt_parent->mnt_sb)->client->cl_auth->au_flavor,
 	};
-	char *page, *page2;
-	char *path, *fs_path;
+	char *page = NULL, *page2 = NULL;
 	char *devname;
-	int loc, s;
+	int loc, s, error;
 
 	if (locations == NULL || locations->nlocations <= 0)
 		goto out;
@@ -79,31 +141,25 @@ static struct vfsmount *nfs_follow_referral(const struct vfsmount *mnt_parent,
 	dprintk("%s: referral at %s/%s\n", __FUNCTION__,
 		dentry->d_parent->d_name.name, dentry->d_name.name);
 
-	/* Ensure fs path is a prefix of current dentry path */
 	page = (char *) __get_free_page(GFP_USER);
-	if (page == NULL)
+	if (!page)
 		goto out;
+
 	page2 = (char *) __get_free_page(GFP_USER);
-	if (page2 == NULL)
+	if (!page2)
 		goto out;
 
-	path = nfs4_path(dentry, page, PAGE_SIZE);
-	if (IS_ERR(path))
-		goto out_free;
-
-	fs_path = nfs4_pathname_string(&locations->fs_path, page2, PAGE_SIZE);
-	if (IS_ERR(fs_path))
-		goto out_free;
-
-	if (strncmp(path, fs_path, strlen(fs_path)) != 0) {
-		dprintk("%s: path %s does not begin with fsroot %s\n", __FUNCTION__, path, fs_path);
-		goto out_free;
+	/* Ensure fs path is a prefix of current dentry path */
+	error = nfs4_validate_fspath(mnt_parent, dentry, locations, page, page2);
+	if (error < 0) {
+		mnt = ERR_PTR(error);
+		goto out;
 	}
 
 	devname = nfs_devname(mnt_parent, dentry, page, PAGE_SIZE);
 	if (IS_ERR(devname)) {
 		mnt = (struct vfsmount *)devname;
-		goto out_free;
+		goto out;
 	}
 
 	loc = 0;
@@ -140,7 +196,7 @@ static struct vfsmount *nfs_follow_referral(const struct vfsmount *mnt_parent,
 			addr.sin_port = htons(NFS_PORT);
 			mountdata.addr = &addr;
 
-			mnt = vfs_kern_mount(&nfs_referral_nfs4_fs_type, 0, devname, &mountdata);
+			mnt = vfs_kern_mount(&nfs4_referral_fs_type, 0, devname, &mountdata);
 			if (!IS_ERR(mnt)) {
 				break;
 			}
@@ -149,10 +205,9 @@ static struct vfsmount *nfs_follow_referral(const struct vfsmount *mnt_parent,
 		loc++;
 	}
 
-out_free:
-	free_page((unsigned long)page);
-	free_page((unsigned long)page2);
 out:
+	free_page((unsigned long) page);
+	free_page((unsigned long) page2);
 	dprintk("%s: done\n", __FUNCTION__);
 	return mnt;
 }
@@ -165,7 +220,7 @@ out:
  */
 struct vfsmount *nfs_do_refmount(const struct vfsmount *mnt_parent, struct dentry *dentry)
 {
-	struct vfsmount *mnt = ERR_PTR(-ENOENT);
+	struct vfsmount *mnt = ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
 	struct dentry *parent;
 	struct nfs4_fs_locations *fs_locations = NULL;
 	struct page *page;
@@ -183,11 +238,16 @@ struct vfsmount *nfs_do_refmount(const struct vfsmount *mnt_parent, struct dentr
 		goto out_free;
 
 	/* Get locations */
+	mnt = ERR_PTR(-ENOENT);
+
 	parent = dget_parent(dentry);
-	dprintk("%s: getting locations for %s/%s\n", __FUNCTION__, parent->d_name.name, dentry->d_name.name);
+	dprintk("%s: getting locations for %s/%s\n",
+		__FUNCTION__, parent->d_name.name, dentry->d_name.name);
+
 	err = nfs4_proc_fs_locations(parent->d_inode, dentry, fs_locations, page);
 	dput(parent);
-	if (err != 0 || fs_locations->nlocations <= 0 ||
+	if (err != 0 ||
+	    fs_locations->nlocations <= 0 ||
 	    fs_locations->fs_path.ncomponents <= 0)
 		goto out_free;
 
diff --git a/fs/nfs/nfs4proc.c b/fs/nfs/nfs4proc.c
index 1573eeb07ce1..a825547e8214 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/nfs4proc.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/nfs4proc.c
@@ -1393,70 +1393,19 @@ static int nfs4_lookup_root(struct nfs_server *server, struct nfs_fh *fhandle,
 	return err;
 }
 
+/*
+ * get the file handle for the "/" directory on the server
+ */
 static int nfs4_proc_get_root(struct nfs_server *server, struct nfs_fh *fhandle,
-		struct nfs_fsinfo *info)
+			      struct nfs_fsinfo *info)
 {
-	struct nfs_fattr *	fattr = info->fattr;
-	unsigned char *		p;
-	struct qstr		q;
-	struct nfs4_lookup_arg args = {
-		.dir_fh = fhandle,
-		.name = &q,
-		.bitmask = nfs4_fattr_bitmap,
-	};
-	struct nfs4_lookup_res res = {
-		.server = server,
-		.fattr = fattr,
-		.fh = fhandle,
-	};
-	struct rpc_message msg = {
-		.rpc_proc = &nfs4_procedures[NFSPROC4_CLNT_LOOKUP],
-		.rpc_argp = &args,
-		.rpc_resp = &res,
-	};
 	int status;
 
-	/*
-	 * Now we do a separate LOOKUP for each component of the mount path.
-	 * The LOOKUPs are done separately so that we can conveniently
-	 * catch an ERR_WRONGSEC if it occurs along the way...
-	 */
 	status = nfs4_lookup_root(server, fhandle, info);
-	if (status)
-		goto out;
-
-	p = server->mnt_path;
-	for (;;) {
-		struct nfs4_exception exception = { };
-
-		while (*p == '/')
-			p++;
-		if (!*p)
-			break;
-		q.name = p;
-		while (*p && (*p != '/'))
-			p++;
-		q.len = p - q.name;
-
-		do {
-			nfs_fattr_init(fattr);
-			status = nfs4_handle_exception(server,
-					rpc_call_sync(server->client, &msg, 0),
-					&exception);
-		} while (exception.retry);
-		if (status == 0)
-			continue;
-		if (status == -ENOENT) {
-			printk(KERN_NOTICE "NFS: mount path %s does not exist!\n", server->mnt_path);
-			printk(KERN_NOTICE "NFS: suggestion: try mounting '/' instead.\n");
-		}
-		break;
-	}
 	if (status == 0)
 		status = nfs4_server_capabilities(server, fhandle);
 	if (status == 0)
 		status = nfs4_do_fsinfo(server, fhandle, info);
-out:
 	return nfs4_map_errors(status);
 }
 
diff --git a/fs/nfs/nfs4renewd.c b/fs/nfs/nfs4renewd.c
index ff947ecb8b81..f2c893690ac4 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/nfs4renewd.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/nfs4renewd.c
@@ -127,26 +127,13 @@ nfs4_schedule_state_renewal(struct nfs_client *clp)
 void
 nfs4_renewd_prepare_shutdown(struct nfs_server *server)
 {
-	struct nfs_client *clp = server->nfs_client;
-
-	if (!clp)
-		return;
 	flush_scheduled_work();
-	down_write(&clp->cl_sem);
-	if (!list_empty(&server->nfs4_siblings))
-		list_del_init(&server->nfs4_siblings);
-	up_write(&clp->cl_sem);
 }
 
-/* Must be called with clp->cl_sem locked for writes */
 void
 nfs4_kill_renewd(struct nfs_client *clp)
 {
 	down_read(&clp->cl_sem);
-	if (!list_empty(&clp->cl_superblocks)) {
-		up_read(&clp->cl_sem);
-		return;
-	}
 	cancel_delayed_work(&clp->cl_renewd);
 	up_read(&clp->cl_sem);
 	flush_scheduled_work();
diff --git a/fs/nfs/nfs4state.c b/fs/nfs/nfs4state.c
index 058811e39555..5fffbdfa971f 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/nfs4state.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/nfs4state.c
@@ -58,24 +58,6 @@ const nfs4_stateid zero_stateid;
 
 static LIST_HEAD(nfs4_clientid_list);
 
-void
-init_nfsv4_state(struct nfs_server *server)
-{
-	server->nfs_client = NULL;
-	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&server->nfs4_siblings);
-}
-
-void
-destroy_nfsv4_state(struct nfs_server *server)
-{
-	kfree(server->mnt_path);
-	server->mnt_path = NULL;
-	if (server->nfs_client) {
-		nfs_put_client(server->nfs_client);
-		server->nfs_client = NULL;
-	}
-}
-
 static int nfs4_init_client(struct nfs_client *clp, struct rpc_cred *cred)
 {
 	int status = nfs4_proc_setclientid(clp, NFS4_CALLBACK,
diff --git a/fs/nfs/read.c b/fs/nfs/read.c
index f0aff824a291..dae33c1e8a77 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/read.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/read.c
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ static int nfs_readpage_sync(struct nfs_open_context *ctx, struct inode *inode,
 		rdata->args.offset = page_offset(page) + rdata->args.pgbase;
 
 		dprintk("NFS: nfs_proc_read(%s, (%s/%Ld), %Lu, %u)\n",
-			NFS_SERVER(inode)->hostname,
+			NFS_SERVER(inode)->nfs_client->cl_hostname,
 			inode->i_sb->s_id,
 			(long long)NFS_FILEID(inode),
 			(unsigned long long)rdata->args.pgbase,
diff --git a/fs/nfs/super.c b/fs/nfs/super.c
index 5842d510d732..867b5dcd3a40 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/super.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/super.c
@@ -13,6 +13,11 @@
  *
  *  Split from inode.c by David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
  *
+ * - superblocks are indexed on server only - all inodes, dentries, etc. associated with a
+ *   particular server are held in the same superblock
+ * - NFS superblocks can have several effective roots to the dentry tree
+ * - directory type roots are spliced into the tree when a path from one root reaches the root
+ *   of another (see nfs_lookup())
  */
 
 #include <linux/config.h>
@@ -52,20 +57,12 @@
 
 #define NFSDBG_FACILITY		NFSDBG_VFS
 
-/* Maximum number of readahead requests
- * FIXME: this should really be a sysctl so that users may tune it to suit
- *        their needs. People that do NFS over a slow network, might for
- *        instance want to reduce it to something closer to 1 for improved
- *        interactive response.
- */
-#define NFS_MAX_READAHEAD	(RPC_DEF_SLOT_TABLE - 1)
-
 static void nfs_umount_begin(struct vfsmount *, int);
 static int  nfs_statfs(struct dentry *, struct kstatfs *);
 static int  nfs_show_options(struct seq_file *, struct vfsmount *);
 static int  nfs_show_stats(struct seq_file *, struct vfsmount *);
 static int nfs_get_sb(struct file_system_type *, int, const char *, void *, struct vfsmount *);
-static int nfs_clone_nfs_sb(struct file_system_type *fs_type,
+static int nfs_xdev_get_sb(struct file_system_type *fs_type,
 		int flags, const char *dev_name, void *raw_data, struct vfsmount *mnt);
 static void nfs_kill_super(struct super_block *);
 
@@ -77,10 +74,10 @@ static struct file_system_type nfs_fs_type = {
 	.fs_flags	= FS_ODD_RENAME|FS_REVAL_DOT|FS_BINARY_MOUNTDATA,
 };
 
-struct file_system_type clone_nfs_fs_type = {
+struct file_system_type nfs_xdev_fs_type = {
 	.owner		= THIS_MODULE,
 	.name		= "nfs",
-	.get_sb		= nfs_clone_nfs_sb,
+	.get_sb		= nfs_xdev_get_sb,
 	.kill_sb	= nfs_kill_super,
 	.fs_flags	= FS_ODD_RENAME|FS_REVAL_DOT|FS_BINARY_MOUNTDATA,
 };
@@ -99,10 +96,10 @@ static struct super_operations nfs_sops = {
 #ifdef CONFIG_NFS_V4
 static int nfs4_get_sb(struct file_system_type *fs_type,
 	int flags, const char *dev_name, void *raw_data, struct vfsmount *mnt);
-static int nfs_clone_nfs4_sb(struct file_system_type *fs_type,
-		int flags, const char *dev_name, void *raw_data, struct vfsmount *mnt);
-static int nfs_referral_nfs4_sb(struct file_system_type *fs_type,
-		int flags, const char *dev_name, void *raw_data, struct vfsmount *mnt);
+static int nfs4_xdev_get_sb(struct file_system_type *fs_type,
+	int flags, const char *dev_name, void *raw_data, struct vfsmount *mnt);
+static int nfs4_referral_get_sb(struct file_system_type *fs_type,
+	int flags, const char *dev_name, void *raw_data, struct vfsmount *mnt);
 static void nfs4_kill_super(struct super_block *sb);
 
 static struct file_system_type nfs4_fs_type = {
@@ -113,18 +110,18 @@ static struct file_system_type nfs4_fs_type = {
 	.fs_flags	= FS_ODD_RENAME|FS_REVAL_DOT|FS_BINARY_MOUNTDATA,
 };
 
-struct file_system_type clone_nfs4_fs_type = {
+struct file_system_type nfs4_xdev_fs_type = {
 	.owner		= THIS_MODULE,
 	.name		= "nfs4",
-	.get_sb		= nfs_clone_nfs4_sb,
+	.get_sb		= nfs4_xdev_get_sb,
 	.kill_sb	= nfs4_kill_super,
 	.fs_flags	= FS_ODD_RENAME|FS_REVAL_DOT|FS_BINARY_MOUNTDATA,
 };
 
-struct file_system_type nfs_referral_nfs4_fs_type = {
+struct file_system_type nfs4_referral_fs_type = {
 	.owner		= THIS_MODULE,
 	.name		= "nfs4",
-	.get_sb		= nfs_referral_nfs4_sb,
+	.get_sb		= nfs4_referral_get_sb,
 	.kill_sb	= nfs4_kill_super,
 	.fs_flags	= FS_ODD_RENAME|FS_REVAL_DOT|FS_BINARY_MOUNTDATA,
 };
@@ -345,7 +342,7 @@ static int nfs_show_options(struct seq_file *m, struct vfsmount *mnt)
 	nfs_show_mount_options(m, nfss, 0);
 
 	seq_puts(m, ",addr=");
-	seq_escape(m, nfss->hostname, " \t\n\\");
+	seq_escape(m, nfss->nfs_client->cl_hostname, " \t\n\\");
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -429,714 +426,351 @@ static int nfs_show_stats(struct seq_file *m, struct vfsmount *mnt)
 
 /*
  * Begin unmount by attempting to remove all automounted mountpoints we added
- * in response to traversals
+ * in response to xdev traversals and referrals
  */
 static void nfs_umount_begin(struct vfsmount *vfsmnt, int flags)
 {
-	struct nfs_server *server;
-	struct rpc_clnt	*rpc;
-
 	shrink_submounts(vfsmnt, &nfs_automount_list);
-	if (!(flags & MNT_FORCE))
-		return;
-	/* -EIO all pending I/O */
-	server = NFS_SB(vfsmnt->mnt_sb);
-	rpc = server->client;
-	if (!IS_ERR(rpc))
-		rpc_killall_tasks(rpc);
-	rpc = server->client_acl;
-	if (!IS_ERR(rpc))
-		rpc_killall_tasks(rpc);
 }
 
 /*
- * Obtain the root inode of the file system.
+ * Validate the NFS2/NFS3 mount data
+ * - fills in the mount root filehandle
  */
-static struct inode *
-nfs_get_root(struct super_block *sb, struct nfs_fh *rootfh, struct nfs_fsinfo *fsinfo)
+static int nfs_validate_mount_data(struct nfs_mount_data *data,
+				   struct nfs_fh *mntfh)
 {
-	struct nfs_server	*server = NFS_SB(sb);
-	int			error;
-
-	error = server->nfs_client->rpc_ops->getroot(server, rootfh, fsinfo);
-	if (error < 0) {
-		dprintk("nfs_get_root: getattr error = %d\n", -error);
-		return ERR_PTR(error);
+	if (data == NULL) {
+		dprintk("%s: missing data argument\n", __FUNCTION__);
+		return -EINVAL;
 	}
 
-	server->fsid = fsinfo->fattr->fsid;
-	return nfs_fhget(sb, rootfh, fsinfo->fattr);
-}
-
-/*
- * Do NFS version-independent mount processing, and sanity checking
- */
-static int
-nfs_sb_init(struct super_block *sb, rpc_authflavor_t authflavor)
-{
-	struct nfs_server	*server;
-	struct inode		*root_inode;
-	struct nfs_fattr	fattr;
-	struct nfs_fsinfo	fsinfo = {
-					.fattr = &fattr,
-				};
-	struct nfs_pathconf pathinfo = {
-			.fattr = &fattr,
-	};
-	int no_root_error = 0;
-	unsigned long max_rpc_payload;
-
-	/* We probably want something more informative here */
-	snprintf(sb->s_id, sizeof(sb->s_id), "%x:%x", MAJOR(sb->s_dev), MINOR(sb->s_dev));
-
-	server = NFS_SB(sb);
-
-	sb->s_magic      = NFS_SUPER_MAGIC;
-
-	server->io_stats = nfs_alloc_iostats();
-	if (server->io_stats == NULL)
-		return -ENOMEM;
+	if (data->version <= 0 || data->version > NFS_MOUNT_VERSION) {
+		dprintk("%s: bad mount version\n", __FUNCTION__);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
 
-	root_inode = nfs_get_root(sb, &server->fh, &fsinfo);
-	/* Did getting the root inode fail? */
-	if (IS_ERR(root_inode)) {
-		no_root_error = PTR_ERR(root_inode);
-		goto out_no_root;
+	switch (data->version) {
+		case 1:
+			data->namlen = 0;
+		case 2:
+			data->bsize  = 0;
+		case 3:
+			if (data->flags & NFS_MOUNT_VER3) {
+				dprintk("%s: mount structure version %d does not support NFSv3\n",
+						__FUNCTION__,
+						data->version);
+				return -EINVAL;
+			}
+			data->root.size = NFS2_FHSIZE;
+			memcpy(data->root.data, data->old_root.data, NFS2_FHSIZE);
+		case 4:
+			if (data->flags & NFS_MOUNT_SECFLAVOUR) {
+				dprintk("%s: mount structure version %d does not support strong security\n",
+						__FUNCTION__,
+						data->version);
+				return -EINVAL;
+			}
+			/* Fill in pseudoflavor for mount version < 5 */
+			data->pseudoflavor = RPC_AUTH_UNIX;
+		case 5:
+			memset(data->context, 0, sizeof(data->context));
 	}
-	sb->s_root = d_alloc_root(root_inode);
-	if (!sb->s_root) {
-		no_root_error = -ENOMEM;
-		goto out_no_root;
+
+#ifndef CONFIG_NFS_V3
+	/* If NFSv3 is not compiled in, return -EPROTONOSUPPORT */
+	if (data->flags & NFS_MOUNT_VER3) {
+		dprintk("%s: NFSv3 not compiled into kernel\n", __FUNCTION__);
+		return -EPROTONOSUPPORT;
 	}
-	sb->s_root->d_op = server->nfs_client->rpc_ops->dentry_ops;
-
-	/* mount time stamp, in seconds */
-	server->mount_time = jiffies;
-
-	/* Get some general file system info */
-	if (server->namelen == 0 &&
-	    server->nfs_client->rpc_ops->pathconf(server, &server->fh, &pathinfo) >= 0)
-		server->namelen = pathinfo.max_namelen;
-	/* Work out a lot of parameters */
-	if (server->rsize == 0)
-		server->rsize = nfs_block_size(fsinfo.rtpref, NULL);
-	if (server->wsize == 0)
-		server->wsize = nfs_block_size(fsinfo.wtpref, NULL);
-
-	if (fsinfo.rtmax >= 512 && server->rsize > fsinfo.rtmax)
-		server->rsize = nfs_block_size(fsinfo.rtmax, NULL);
-	if (fsinfo.wtmax >= 512 && server->wsize > fsinfo.wtmax)
-		server->wsize = nfs_block_size(fsinfo.wtmax, NULL);
-
-	max_rpc_payload = nfs_block_size(rpc_max_payload(server->client), NULL);
-	if (server->rsize > max_rpc_payload)
-		server->rsize = max_rpc_payload;
-	if (server->rsize > NFS_MAX_FILE_IO_SIZE)
-		server->rsize = NFS_MAX_FILE_IO_SIZE;
-	server->rpages = (server->rsize + PAGE_CACHE_SIZE - 1) >> PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT;
-
-	if (server->wsize > max_rpc_payload)
-		server->wsize = max_rpc_payload;
-	if (server->wsize > NFS_MAX_FILE_IO_SIZE)
-		server->wsize = NFS_MAX_FILE_IO_SIZE;
-	server->wpages = (server->wsize + PAGE_CACHE_SIZE - 1) >> PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT;
+#endif /* CONFIG_NFS_V3 */
 
-	if (sb->s_blocksize == 0)
-		sb->s_blocksize = nfs_block_bits(server->wsize,
-							 &sb->s_blocksize_bits);
-	server->wtmult = nfs_block_bits(fsinfo.wtmult, NULL);
-
-	server->dtsize = nfs_block_size(fsinfo.dtpref, NULL);
-	if (server->dtsize > PAGE_CACHE_SIZE)
-		server->dtsize = PAGE_CACHE_SIZE;
-	if (server->dtsize > server->rsize)
-		server->dtsize = server->rsize;
-
-	if (server->flags & NFS_MOUNT_NOAC) {
-		server->acregmin = server->acregmax = 0;
-		server->acdirmin = server->acdirmax = 0;
-		sb->s_flags |= MS_SYNCHRONOUS;
+	/* We now require that the mount process passes the remote address */
+	if (data->addr.sin_addr.s_addr == INADDR_ANY) {
+		dprintk("%s: mount program didn't pass remote address!\n",
+			__FUNCTION__);
+		return -EINVAL;
 	}
-	server->backing_dev_info.ra_pages = server->rpages * NFS_MAX_READAHEAD;
 
-	nfs_super_set_maxbytes(sb, fsinfo.maxfilesize);
+	/* Prepare the root filehandle */
+	if (data->flags & NFS_MOUNT_VER3)
+		mntfh->size = data->root.size;
+	else
+		mntfh->size = NFS2_FHSIZE;
 
-	server->client->cl_intr = (server->flags & NFS_MOUNT_INTR) ? 1 : 0;
-	server->client->cl_softrtry = (server->flags & NFS_MOUNT_SOFT) ? 1 : 0;
+	if (mntfh->size > sizeof(mntfh->data)) {
+		dprintk("%s: invalid root filehandle\n", __FUNCTION__);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	memcpy(mntfh->data, data->root.data, mntfh->size);
+	if (mntfh->size < sizeof(mntfh->data))
+		memset(mntfh->data + mntfh->size, 0,
+		       sizeof(mntfh->data) - mntfh->size);
 
-	/* We're airborne Set socket buffersize */
-	rpc_setbufsize(server->client, server->wsize + 100, server->rsize + 100);
 	return 0;
-	/* Yargs. It didn't work out. */
-out_no_root:
-	dprintk("nfs_sb_init: get root inode failed: errno %d\n", -no_root_error);
-	if (!IS_ERR(root_inode))
-		iput(root_inode);
-	return no_root_error;
 }
 
 /*
- * Create an RPC client handle.
+ * Initialise the common bits of the superblock
  */
-static struct rpc_clnt *
-nfs_create_client(struct nfs_server *server, const struct nfs_mount_data *data)
+static inline void nfs_initialise_sb(struct super_block *sb)
 {
-	struct nfs_client	*clp;
-	struct rpc_clnt		*clnt;
-	int			proto = (data->flags & NFS_MOUNT_TCP) ? IPPROTO_TCP : IPPROTO_UDP;
-	int			nfsversion = 2;
-	int			err;
-
-#ifdef CONFIG_NFS_V3
-	if (server->flags & NFS_MOUNT_VER3)
-		nfsversion = 3;
-#endif
-
-	clp = nfs_get_client(server->hostname, &server->addr, nfsversion);
-	if (!clp) {
-		dprintk("%s: failed to create NFS4 client.\n", __FUNCTION__);
-		return ERR_PTR(PTR_ERR(clp));
-	}
-
-	if (clp->cl_cons_state == NFS_CS_INITING) {
-		/* Check NFS protocol revision and initialize RPC op
-		 * vector and file handle pool. */
-#ifdef CONFIG_NFS_V3
-		if (nfsversion == 3) {
-			clp->rpc_ops = &nfs_v3_clientops;
-			server->caps |= NFS_CAP_READDIRPLUS;
-		} else {
-			clp->rpc_ops = &nfs_v2_clientops;
-		}
-#else
-		clp->rpc_ops = &nfs_v2_clientops;
-#endif
-
-		/* create transport and client */
-		err = nfs_create_rpc_client(clp, proto, data->timeo,
-					    data->retrans, RPC_AUTH_UNIX);
-		if (err < 0)
-			goto client_init_error;
-
-		nfs_mark_client_ready(clp, 0);
-	}
+	struct nfs_server *server = NFS_SB(sb);
 
-	/* create an nfs_server-specific client */
-	clnt = rpc_clone_client(clp->cl_rpcclient);
-	if (IS_ERR(clnt)) {
-		dprintk("%s: couldn't create rpc_client!\n", __FUNCTION__);
-		nfs_put_client(clp);
-		return ERR_PTR(PTR_ERR(clnt));
-	}
+	sb->s_magic = NFS_SUPER_MAGIC;
 
-	if (data->pseudoflavor != clp->cl_rpcclient->cl_auth->au_flavor) {
-		struct rpc_auth *auth;
+	/* We probably want something more informative here */
+	snprintf(sb->s_id, sizeof(sb->s_id),
+		 "%x:%x", MAJOR(sb->s_dev), MINOR(sb->s_dev));
 
-		auth = rpcauth_create(data->pseudoflavor, server->client);
-		if (IS_ERR(auth)) {
-			dprintk("%s: couldn't create credcache!\n", __FUNCTION__);
-			return ERR_PTR(PTR_ERR(auth));
-		}
-	}
+	if (sb->s_blocksize == 0)
+		sb->s_blocksize = nfs_block_bits(server->wsize,
+						 &sb->s_blocksize_bits);
 
-	server->nfs_client = clp;
-	return clnt;
+	if (server->flags & NFS_MOUNT_NOAC)
+		sb->s_flags |= MS_SYNCHRONOUS;
 
-client_init_error:
-	nfs_mark_client_ready(clp, err);
-	nfs_put_client(clp);
-	return ERR_PTR(err);
+	nfs_super_set_maxbytes(sb, server->maxfilesize);
 }
 
 /*
- * Clone a server record
+ * Finish setting up an NFS2/3 superblock
  */
-static struct nfs_server *nfs_clone_server(struct super_block *sb, struct nfs_clone_mount *data)
+static void nfs_fill_super(struct super_block *sb, struct nfs_mount_data *data)
 {
 	struct nfs_server *server = NFS_SB(sb);
-	struct nfs_server *parent = NFS_SB(data->sb);
-	struct inode *root_inode;
-	struct nfs_fsinfo fsinfo;
-	void *err = ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
-
-	sb->s_op = data->sb->s_op;
-	sb->s_blocksize = data->sb->s_blocksize;
-	sb->s_blocksize_bits = data->sb->s_blocksize_bits;
-	sb->s_maxbytes = data->sb->s_maxbytes;
-
-	server->client_acl = ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
-	server->io_stats = nfs_alloc_iostats();
-	if (server->io_stats == NULL)
-		goto out;
-
-	server->client = rpc_clone_client(parent->client);
-	if (IS_ERR((err = server->client)))
-		goto out;
-
-	if (!IS_ERR(parent->client_acl)) {
-		server->client_acl = rpc_clone_client(parent->client_acl);
-		if (IS_ERR((err = server->client_acl)))
-			goto out;
-	}
-	root_inode = nfs_fhget(sb, data->fh, data->fattr);
-	if (!root_inode)
-		goto out;
-	sb->s_root = d_alloc_root(root_inode);
-	if (!sb->s_root)
-		goto out_put_root;
-	fsinfo.fattr = data->fattr;
-	if (NFS_PROTO(root_inode)->fsinfo(server, data->fh, &fsinfo) == 0)
-		nfs_super_set_maxbytes(sb, fsinfo.maxfilesize);
-	sb->s_root->d_op = server->nfs_client->rpc_ops->dentry_ops;
-	sb->s_flags |= MS_ACTIVE;
-	return server;
-out_put_root:
-	iput(root_inode);
-out:
-	return err;
-}
-
-/*
- * Copy an existing superblock and attach revised data
- */
-static int nfs_clone_generic_sb(struct nfs_clone_mount *data,
-		struct super_block *(*fill_sb)(struct nfs_server *, struct nfs_clone_mount *),
-		struct nfs_server *(*fill_server)(struct super_block *, struct nfs_clone_mount *),
-		struct vfsmount *mnt)
-{
-	struct nfs_server *server;
-	struct nfs_server *parent = NFS_SB(data->sb);
-	struct super_block *sb = ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
-	char *hostname;
-	int error = -ENOMEM;
-	int len;
-
-	server = kmalloc(sizeof(struct nfs_server), GFP_KERNEL);
-	if (server == NULL)
-		goto out_err;
-	memcpy(server, parent, sizeof(*server));
-	atomic_inc(&server->nfs_client->cl_count);
-	hostname = (data->hostname != NULL) ? data->hostname : parent->hostname;
-	len = strlen(hostname) + 1;
-	server->hostname = kmalloc(len, GFP_KERNEL);
-	if (server->hostname == NULL)
-		goto free_server;
-	memcpy(server->hostname, hostname, len);
-
-	sb = fill_sb(server, data);
-	if (IS_ERR(sb)) {
-		error = PTR_ERR(sb);
-		goto free_hostname;
-	}
 
-	if (sb->s_root)
-		goto out_share;
+	sb->s_blocksize_bits = 0;
+	sb->s_blocksize = 0;
+	if (data->bsize)
+		sb->s_blocksize = nfs_block_size(data->bsize, &sb->s_blocksize_bits);
 
-	server = fill_server(sb, data);
-	if (IS_ERR(server)) {
-		error = PTR_ERR(server);
-		goto out_deactivate;
+	if (server->flags & NFS_MOUNT_VER3) {
+		/* The VFS shouldn't apply the umask to mode bits. We will do
+		 * so ourselves when necessary.
+		 */
+		sb->s_flags |= MS_POSIXACL;
+		sb->s_time_gran = 1;
 	}
-	return simple_set_mnt(mnt, sb);
-out_deactivate:
-	up_write(&sb->s_umount);
-	deactivate_super(sb);
-	return error;
-out_share:
-	kfree(server->hostname);
-	nfs_put_client(server->nfs_client);
-	kfree(server);
-	return simple_set_mnt(mnt, sb);
-free_hostname:
-	kfree(server->hostname);
-free_server:
-	nfs_put_client(server->nfs_client);
-	kfree(server);
-out_err:
-	return error;
+
+	sb->s_op = &nfs_sops;
+ 	nfs_initialise_sb(sb);
 }
 
 /*
- * Set up an NFS2/3 superblock
- *
- * The way this works is that the mount process passes a structure
- * in the data argument which contains the server's IP address
- * and the root file handle obtained from the server's mount
- * daemon. We stash these away in the private superblock fields.
+ * Finish setting up a cloned NFS2/3 superblock
  */
-static int
-nfs_fill_super(struct super_block *sb, struct nfs_mount_data *data, int silent)
+static void nfs_clone_super(struct super_block *sb,
+			    const struct super_block *old_sb)
 {
-	struct nfs_server	*server;
-	rpc_authflavor_t	authflavor;
+	struct nfs_server *server = NFS_SB(sb);
+
+	sb->s_blocksize_bits = old_sb->s_blocksize_bits;
+	sb->s_blocksize = old_sb->s_blocksize;
+	sb->s_maxbytes = old_sb->s_maxbytes;
 
-	server           = NFS_SB(sb);
-	sb->s_blocksize_bits = 0;
-	sb->s_blocksize = 0;
-	if (data->bsize)
-		sb->s_blocksize = nfs_block_size(data->bsize, &sb->s_blocksize_bits);
-	if (data->rsize)
-		server->rsize = nfs_block_size(data->rsize, NULL);
-	if (data->wsize)
-		server->wsize = nfs_block_size(data->wsize, NULL);
-	server->flags    = data->flags & NFS_MOUNT_FLAGMASK;
-
-	server->acregmin = data->acregmin*HZ;
-	server->acregmax = data->acregmax*HZ;
-	server->acdirmin = data->acdirmin*HZ;
-	server->acdirmax = data->acdirmax*HZ;
-
-	/* Start lockd here, before we might error out */
-	if (!(server->flags & NFS_MOUNT_NONLM))
-		lockd_up();
-
-	server->namelen  = data->namlen;
-	server->hostname = kmalloc(strlen(data->hostname) + 1, GFP_KERNEL);
-	if (!server->hostname)
-		return -ENOMEM;
-	strcpy(server->hostname, data->hostname);
-
-	/* Fill in pseudoflavor for mount version < 5 */
-	if (!(data->flags & NFS_MOUNT_SECFLAVOUR))
-		data->pseudoflavor = RPC_AUTH_UNIX;
-	authflavor = data->pseudoflavor;	/* save for sb_init() */
-	/* XXX maybe we want to add a server->pseudoflavor field */
-
-	/* Create RPC client handles */
-	server->client = nfs_create_client(server, data);
-	if (IS_ERR(server->client))
-		return PTR_ERR(server->client);
-
-	/* RFC 2623, sec 2.3.2 */
 	if (server->flags & NFS_MOUNT_VER3) {
-#ifdef CONFIG_NFS_V3_ACL
-		if (!(server->flags & NFS_MOUNT_NOACL)) {
-			server->client_acl = rpc_bind_new_program(server->client, &nfsacl_program, 3);
-			/* No errors! Assume that Sun nfsacls are supported */
-			if (!IS_ERR(server->client_acl))
-				server->caps |= NFS_CAP_ACLS;
-		}
-#else
-		server->flags &= ~NFS_MOUNT_NOACL;
-#endif /* CONFIG_NFS_V3_ACL */
-		/*
-		 * The VFS shouldn't apply the umask to mode bits. We will
-		 * do so ourselves when necessary.
+		/* The VFS shouldn't apply the umask to mode bits. We will do
+		 * so ourselves when necessary.
 		 */
 		sb->s_flags |= MS_POSIXACL;
-		if (server->namelen == 0 || server->namelen > NFS3_MAXNAMLEN)
-			server->namelen = NFS3_MAXNAMLEN;
 		sb->s_time_gran = 1;
-	} else {
-		if (server->namelen == 0 || server->namelen > NFS2_MAXNAMLEN)
-			server->namelen = NFS2_MAXNAMLEN;
 	}
 
-	sb->s_op = &nfs_sops;
-	return nfs_sb_init(sb, authflavor);
+	sb->s_op = old_sb->s_op;
+ 	nfs_initialise_sb(sb);
 }
 
-static int nfs_set_super(struct super_block *s, void *data)
+static int nfs_set_super(struct super_block *s, void *_server)
 {
-	s->s_fs_info = data;
-	return set_anon_super(s, data);
+	struct nfs_server *server = _server;
+	int ret;
+
+	s->s_fs_info = server;
+	ret = set_anon_super(s, server);
+	if (ret == 0)
+		server->s_dev = s->s_dev;
+	return ret;
 }
 
 static int nfs_compare_super(struct super_block *sb, void *data)
 {
-	struct nfs_server *server = data;
-	struct nfs_server *old = NFS_SB(sb);
+	struct nfs_server *server = data, *old = NFS_SB(sb);
 
-	if (old->addr.sin_addr.s_addr != server->addr.sin_addr.s_addr)
+	if (old->nfs_client != server->nfs_client)
 		return 0;
-	if (old->addr.sin_port != server->addr.sin_port)
+	if (memcmp(&old->fsid, &server->fsid, sizeof(old->fsid)) != 0)
 		return 0;
-	return !nfs_compare_fh(&old->fh, &server->fh);
+	return 1;
 }
 
 static int nfs_get_sb(struct file_system_type *fs_type,
 	int flags, const char *dev_name, void *raw_data, struct vfsmount *mnt)
 {
-	int error;
 	struct nfs_server *server = NULL;
 	struct super_block *s;
-	struct nfs_fh *root;
+	struct nfs_fh mntfh;
 	struct nfs_mount_data *data = raw_data;
+	struct dentry *mntroot;
+	int error;
 
-	error = -EINVAL;
-	if (data == NULL) {
-		dprintk("%s: missing data argument\n", __FUNCTION__);
-		goto out_err_noserver;
-	}
-	if (data->version <= 0 || data->version > NFS_MOUNT_VERSION) {
-		dprintk("%s: bad mount version\n", __FUNCTION__);
-		goto out_err_noserver;
-	}
-	switch (data->version) {
-		case 1:
-			data->namlen = 0;
-		case 2:
-			data->bsize  = 0;
-		case 3:
-			if (data->flags & NFS_MOUNT_VER3) {
-				dprintk("%s: mount structure version %d does not support NFSv3\n",
-						__FUNCTION__,
-						data->version);
-				goto out_err_noserver;
-			}
-			data->root.size = NFS2_FHSIZE;
-			memcpy(data->root.data, data->old_root.data, NFS2_FHSIZE);
-		case 4:
-			if (data->flags & NFS_MOUNT_SECFLAVOUR) {
-				dprintk("%s: mount structure version %d does not support strong security\n",
-						__FUNCTION__,
-						data->version);
-				goto out_err_noserver;
-			}
-		case 5:
-			memset(data->context, 0, sizeof(data->context));
-	}
-#ifndef CONFIG_NFS_V3
-	/* If NFSv3 is not compiled in, return -EPROTONOSUPPORT */
-	error = -EPROTONOSUPPORT;
-	if (data->flags & NFS_MOUNT_VER3) {
-		dprintk("%s: NFSv3 not compiled into kernel\n", __FUNCTION__);
-		goto out_err_noserver;
-	}
-#endif /* CONFIG_NFS_V3 */
+	/* Validate the mount data */
+	error = nfs_validate_mount_data(data, &mntfh);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
 
-	error = -ENOMEM;
-	server = kzalloc(sizeof(struct nfs_server), GFP_KERNEL);
-	if (!server)
+	/* Get a volume representation */
+	server = nfs_create_server(data, &mntfh);
+	if (IS_ERR(server)) {
+		error = PTR_ERR(server);
 		goto out_err_noserver;
-	/* Zero out the NFS state stuff */
-	init_nfsv4_state(server);
-	server->client = server->client_acl = ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
-
-	root = &server->fh;
-	if (data->flags & NFS_MOUNT_VER3)
-		root->size = data->root.size;
-	else
-		root->size = NFS2_FHSIZE;
-	error = -EINVAL;
-	if (root->size > sizeof(root->data)) {
-		dprintk("%s: invalid root filehandle\n", __FUNCTION__);
-		goto out_err;
-	}
-	memcpy(root->data, data->root.data, root->size);
-
-	/* We now require that the mount process passes the remote address */
-	memcpy(&server->addr, &data->addr, sizeof(server->addr));
-	if (server->addr.sin_addr.s_addr == INADDR_ANY) {
-		dprintk("%s: mount program didn't pass remote address!\n",
-				__FUNCTION__);
-		goto out_err;
 	}
 
+	/* Get a superblock - note that we may end up sharing one that already exists */
 	s = sget(fs_type, nfs_compare_super, nfs_set_super, server);
 	if (IS_ERR(s)) {
 		error = PTR_ERR(s);
-		goto out_err;
+		goto out_err_nosb;
 	}
 
-	if (s->s_root)
-		goto out_share;
+	if (s->s_fs_info != server) {
+		nfs_free_server(server);
+		server = NULL;
+	}
 
-	s->s_flags = flags;
+	if (!s->s_root) {
+		/* initial superblock/root creation */
+		s->s_flags = flags;
+		nfs_fill_super(s, data);
+	}
 
-	error = nfs_fill_super(s, data, flags & MS_SILENT ? 1 : 0);
-	if (error) {
-		up_write(&s->s_umount);
-		deactivate_super(s);
-		return error;
+	mntroot = nfs_get_root(s, &mntfh);
+	if (IS_ERR(mntroot)) {
+		error = PTR_ERR(mntroot);
+		goto error_splat_super;
 	}
-	s->s_flags |= MS_ACTIVE;
-	return simple_set_mnt(mnt, s);
 
-out_share:
-	kfree(server);
-	return simple_set_mnt(mnt, s);
+	s->s_flags |= MS_ACTIVE;
+	mnt->mnt_sb = s;
+	mnt->mnt_root = mntroot;
+	return 0;
 
-out_err:
-	kfree(server);
+out_err_nosb:
+	nfs_free_server(server);
 out_err_noserver:
 	return error;
+
+error_splat_super:
+	up_write(&s->s_umount);
+	deactivate_super(s);
+	return error;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Destroy an NFS2/3 superblock
+ */
 static void nfs_kill_super(struct super_block *s)
 {
 	struct nfs_server *server = NFS_SB(s);
 
 	kill_anon_super(s);
-
-	if (!IS_ERR(server->client))
-		rpc_shutdown_client(server->client);
-	if (!IS_ERR(server->client_acl))
-		rpc_shutdown_client(server->client_acl);
-
-	if (!(server->flags & NFS_MOUNT_NONLM))
-		lockd_down();	/* release rpc.lockd */
-
-	nfs_free_iostats(server->io_stats);
-	kfree(server->hostname);
-	nfs_put_client(server->nfs_client);
-	kfree(server);
-	nfs_release_automount_timer();
+	nfs_free_server(server);
 }
 
-static struct super_block *nfs_clone_sb(struct nfs_server *server, struct nfs_clone_mount *data)
-{
-	struct super_block *sb;
-
-	server->fsid = data->fattr->fsid;
-	nfs_copy_fh(&server->fh, data->fh);
-	sb = sget(&nfs_fs_type, nfs_compare_super, nfs_set_super, server);
-	if (!IS_ERR(sb) && sb->s_root == NULL && !(server->flags & NFS_MOUNT_NONLM))
-		lockd_up();
-	return sb;
-}
-
-static int nfs_clone_nfs_sb(struct file_system_type *fs_type,
-		int flags, const char *dev_name, void *raw_data, struct vfsmount *mnt)
+/*
+ * Clone an NFS2/3 server record on xdev traversal (FSID-change)
+ */
+static int nfs_xdev_get_sb(struct file_system_type *fs_type, int flags,
+			   const char *dev_name, void *raw_data,
+			   struct vfsmount *mnt)
 {
 	struct nfs_clone_mount *data = raw_data;
-	return nfs_clone_generic_sb(data, nfs_clone_sb, nfs_clone_server, mnt);
-}
+	struct super_block *s;
+	struct nfs_server *server;
+	struct dentry *mntroot;
+	int error;
 
-#ifdef CONFIG_NFS_V4
-static struct rpc_clnt *nfs4_create_client(struct nfs_server *server,
-	int timeo, int retrans, int proto, rpc_authflavor_t flavor)
-{
-	struct nfs_client *clp;
-	struct rpc_clnt *clnt = NULL;
-	int err = -EIO;
-
-	clp = nfs_get_client(server->hostname, &server->addr, 4);
-	if (!clp) {
-		dprintk("%s: failed to create NFS4 client.\n", __FUNCTION__);
-		return ERR_PTR(err);
-	}
+	dprintk("--> nfs_xdev_get_sb()\n");
 
-	/* Now create transport and client */
-	if (clp->cl_cons_state == NFS_CS_INITING) {
-		clp->rpc_ops = &nfs_v4_clientops;
+	/* create a new volume representation */
+	server = nfs_clone_server(NFS_SB(data->sb), data->fh, data->fattr);
+	if (IS_ERR(server)) {
+		error = PTR_ERR(server);
+		goto out_err_noserver;
+	}
 
-		err = nfs_create_rpc_client(clp, proto, timeo, retrans, flavor);
-		if (err < 0)
-			goto client_init_error;
+	/* Get a superblock - note that we may end up sharing one that already exists */
+	s = sget(&nfs_fs_type, nfs_compare_super, nfs_set_super, server);
+	if (IS_ERR(s)) {
+		error = PTR_ERR(s);
+		goto out_err_nosb;
+	}
 
-		memcpy(clp->cl_ipaddr, server->ip_addr, sizeof(clp->cl_ipaddr));
-		err = nfs_idmap_new(clp);
-		if (err < 0) {
-			dprintk("%s: failed to create idmapper.\n",
-				__FUNCTION__);
-			goto client_init_error;
-		}
-		__set_bit(NFS_CS_IDMAP, &clp->cl_res_state);
-		nfs_mark_client_ready(clp, 0);
+	if (s->s_fs_info != server) {
+		nfs_free_server(server);
+		server = NULL;
 	}
 
-	clnt = rpc_clone_client(clp->cl_rpcclient);
+	if (!s->s_root) {
+		/* initial superblock/root creation */
+		s->s_flags = flags;
+		nfs_clone_super(s, data->sb);
+	}
 
-	if (IS_ERR(clnt)) {
-		dprintk("%s: cannot create RPC client. Error = %d\n",
-				__FUNCTION__, err);
-		return clnt;
+	mntroot = nfs_get_root(s, data->fh);
+	if (IS_ERR(mntroot)) {
+		error = PTR_ERR(mntroot);
+		goto error_splat_super;
 	}
 
-	if (clnt->cl_auth->au_flavor != flavor) {
-		struct rpc_auth *auth;
+	s->s_flags |= MS_ACTIVE;
+	mnt->mnt_sb = s;
+	mnt->mnt_root = mntroot;
 
-		auth = rpcauth_create(flavor, clnt);
-		if (IS_ERR(auth)) {
-			dprintk("%s: couldn't create credcache!\n", __FUNCTION__);
-			return (struct rpc_clnt *)auth;
-		}
-	}
+	dprintk("<-- nfs_xdev_get_sb() = 0\n");
+	return 0;
 
-	server->nfs_client = clp;
-	down_write(&clp->cl_sem);
-	list_add_tail(&server->nfs4_siblings, &clp->cl_superblocks);
-	up_write(&clp->cl_sem);
-	return clnt;
+out_err_nosb:
+	nfs_free_server(server);
+out_err_noserver:
+	dprintk("<-- nfs_xdev_get_sb() = %d [error]\n", error);
+	return error;
 
-client_init_error:
-	nfs_mark_client_ready(clp, err);
-	nfs_put_client(clp);
-	return ERR_PTR(err);
+error_splat_super:
+	up_write(&s->s_umount);
+	deactivate_super(s);
+	dprintk("<-- nfs_xdev_get_sb() = %d [splat]\n", error);
+	return error;
 }
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_NFS_V4
+
 /*
- * Set up an NFS4 superblock
+ * Finish setting up a cloned NFS4 superblock
  */
-static int nfs4_fill_super(struct super_block *sb, struct nfs4_mount_data *data, int silent)
+static void nfs4_clone_super(struct super_block *sb,
+			    const struct super_block *old_sb)
 {
-	struct nfs_server *server;
-	rpc_authflavor_t authflavour;
-	int err = -EIO;
-
-	sb->s_blocksize_bits = 0;
-	sb->s_blocksize = 0;
-	server = NFS_SB(sb);
-	if (data->rsize != 0)
-		server->rsize = nfs_block_size(data->rsize, NULL);
-	if (data->wsize != 0)
-		server->wsize = nfs_block_size(data->wsize, NULL);
-	server->flags = data->flags & NFS_MOUNT_FLAGMASK;
-	server->caps = NFS_CAP_ATOMIC_OPEN;
-
-	server->acregmin = data->acregmin*HZ;
-	server->acregmax = data->acregmax*HZ;
-	server->acdirmin = data->acdirmin*HZ;
-	server->acdirmax = data->acdirmax*HZ;
-
-	/* Now create transport and client */
-	authflavour = RPC_AUTH_UNIX;
-	if (data->auth_flavourlen != 0) {
-		if (data->auth_flavourlen != 1) {
-			dprintk("%s: Invalid number of RPC auth flavours %d.\n",
-					__FUNCTION__, data->auth_flavourlen);
-			err = -EINVAL;
-			goto out_fail;
-		}
-		if (copy_from_user(&authflavour, data->auth_flavours, sizeof(authflavour))) {
-			err = -EFAULT;
-			goto out_fail;
-		}
-	}
-
-	server->client = nfs4_create_client(server, data->timeo, data->retrans,
-					    data->proto, authflavour);
-	if (IS_ERR(server->client)) {
-		err = PTR_ERR(server->client);
-			dprintk("%s: cannot create RPC client. Error = %d\n",
-					__FUNCTION__, err);
-			goto out_fail;
-	}
-
+	sb->s_blocksize_bits = old_sb->s_blocksize_bits;
+	sb->s_blocksize = old_sb->s_blocksize;
+	sb->s_maxbytes = old_sb->s_maxbytes;
 	sb->s_time_gran = 1;
-
-	sb->s_op = &nfs4_sops;
-	err = nfs_sb_init(sb, authflavour);
-
- out_fail:
-	return err;
+	sb->s_op = old_sb->s_op;
+ 	nfs_initialise_sb(sb);
 }
 
-static int nfs4_compare_super(struct super_block *sb, void *data)
+/*
+ * Set up an NFS4 superblock
+ */
+static void nfs4_fill_super(struct super_block *sb)
 {
-	struct nfs_server *server = data;
-	struct nfs_server *old = NFS_SB(sb);
-
-	if (strcmp(server->hostname, old->hostname) != 0)
-		return 0;
-	if (strcmp(server->mnt_path, old->mnt_path) != 0)
-		return 0;
-	return 1;
+	sb->s_time_gran = 1;
+	sb->s_op = &nfs4_sops;
+	nfs_initialise_sb(sb);
 }
 
-static void *
-nfs_copy_user_string(char *dst, struct nfs_string *src, int maxlen)
+static void *nfs_copy_user_string(char *dst, struct nfs_string *src, int maxlen)
 {
 	void *p = NULL;
 
@@ -1157,14 +791,22 @@ nfs_copy_user_string(char *dst, struct nfs_string *src, int maxlen)
 	return dst;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Get the superblock for an NFS4 mountpoint
+ */
 static int nfs4_get_sb(struct file_system_type *fs_type,
 	int flags, const char *dev_name, void *raw_data, struct vfsmount *mnt)
 {
-	int error;
-	struct nfs_server *server;
-	struct super_block *s;
 	struct nfs4_mount_data *data = raw_data;
+	struct super_block *s;
+	struct nfs_server *server;
+	struct sockaddr_in addr;
+	rpc_authflavor_t authflavour;
+	struct nfs_fh mntfh;
+	struct dentry *mntroot;
+	char *mntpath = NULL, *hostname = NULL, ip_addr[16];
 	void *p;
+	int error;
 
 	if (data == NULL) {
 		dprintk("%s: missing data argument\n", __FUNCTION__);
@@ -1175,75 +817,107 @@ static int nfs4_get_sb(struct file_system_type *fs_type,
 		return -EINVAL;
 	}
 
-	server = kzalloc(sizeof(struct nfs_server), GFP_KERNEL);
-	if (!server)
-		return -ENOMEM;
-	/* Zero out the NFS state stuff */
-	init_nfsv4_state(server);
-	server->client = server->client_acl = ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
+	/* We now require that the mount process passes the remote address */
+	if (data->host_addrlen != sizeof(addr))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	if (copy_from_user(&addr, data->host_addr, sizeof(addr)))
+		return -EFAULT;
+
+	if (addr.sin_family != AF_INET ||
+	    addr.sin_addr.s_addr == INADDR_ANY
+	    ) {
+		dprintk("%s: mount program didn't pass remote IP address!\n",
+				__FUNCTION__);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	/* Grab the authentication type */
+	authflavour = RPC_AUTH_UNIX;
+	if (data->auth_flavourlen != 0) {
+		if (data->auth_flavourlen != 1) {
+			dprintk("%s: Invalid number of RPC auth flavours %d.\n",
+					__FUNCTION__, data->auth_flavourlen);
+			error = -EINVAL;
+			goto out_err_noserver;
+		}
+
+		if (copy_from_user(&authflavour, data->auth_flavours,
+				   sizeof(authflavour))) {
+			error = -EFAULT;
+			goto out_err_noserver;
+		}
+	}
 
 	p = nfs_copy_user_string(NULL, &data->hostname, 256);
 	if (IS_ERR(p))
 		goto out_err;
-	server->hostname = p;
+	hostname = p;
 
 	p = nfs_copy_user_string(NULL, &data->mnt_path, 1024);
 	if (IS_ERR(p))
 		goto out_err;
-	server->mnt_path = p;
+	mntpath = p;
 
-	p = nfs_copy_user_string(server->ip_addr, &data->client_addr,
-			sizeof(server->ip_addr) - 1);
+	dprintk("MNTPATH: %s\n", mntpath);
+
+	p = nfs_copy_user_string(ip_addr, &data->client_addr,
+				 sizeof(ip_addr) - 1);
 	if (IS_ERR(p))
 		goto out_err;
 
-	/* We now require that the mount process passes the remote address */
-	if (data->host_addrlen != sizeof(server->addr)) {
-		error = -EINVAL;
-		goto out_free;
-	}
-	if (copy_from_user(&server->addr, data->host_addr, sizeof(server->addr))) {
-		error = -EFAULT;
-		goto out_free;
-	}
-	if (server->addr.sin_family != AF_INET ||
-	    server->addr.sin_addr.s_addr == INADDR_ANY) {
-		dprintk("%s: mount program didn't pass remote IP address!\n",
-				__FUNCTION__);
-		error = -EINVAL;
-		goto out_free;
+	/* Get a volume representation */
+	server = nfs4_create_server(data, hostname, &addr, mntpath, ip_addr,
+				    authflavour, &mntfh);
+	if (IS_ERR(server)) {
+		error = PTR_ERR(server);
+		goto out_err_noserver;
 	}
 
-	s = sget(fs_type, nfs4_compare_super, nfs_set_super, server);
+	/* Get a superblock - note that we may end up sharing one that already exists */
+	s = sget(fs_type, nfs_compare_super, nfs_set_super, server);
 	if (IS_ERR(s)) {
 		error = PTR_ERR(s);
 		goto out_free;
 	}
 
-	if (s->s_root) {
-		kfree(server->mnt_path);
-		kfree(server->hostname);
-		kfree(server);
-		return simple_set_mnt(mnt, s);
-	}
+	if (!s->s_root) {
+		/* initial superblock/root creation */
+		s->s_flags = flags;
 
-	s->s_flags = flags;
+		nfs4_fill_super(s);
+	} else {
+		nfs_free_server(server);
+	}
 
-	error = nfs4_fill_super(s, data, flags & MS_SILENT ? 1 : 0);
-	if (error) {
-		up_write(&s->s_umount);
-		deactivate_super(s);
-		return error;
+	mntroot = nfs4_get_root(s, &mntfh);
+	if (IS_ERR(mntroot)) {
+		error = PTR_ERR(mntroot);
+		goto error_splat_super;
 	}
+
 	s->s_flags |= MS_ACTIVE;
-	return simple_set_mnt(mnt, s);
+	mnt->mnt_sb = s;
+	mnt->mnt_root = mntroot;
+	kfree(mntpath);
+	kfree(hostname);
+	return 0;
+
 out_err:
 	error = PTR_ERR(p);
+	goto out_err_noserver;
+
 out_free:
-	kfree(server->mnt_path);
-	kfree(server->hostname);
-	kfree(server);
+	nfs_free_server(server);
+out_err_noserver:
+	kfree(mntpath);
+	kfree(hostname);
 	return error;
+
+error_splat_super:
+	up_write(&s->s_umount);
+	deactivate_super(s);
+	goto out_err_noserver;
 }
 
 static void nfs4_kill_super(struct super_block *sb)
@@ -1254,133 +928,140 @@ static void nfs4_kill_super(struct super_block *sb)
 	kill_anon_super(sb);
 
 	nfs4_renewd_prepare_shutdown(server);
-
-	if (server->client != NULL && !IS_ERR(server->client))
-		rpc_shutdown_client(server->client);
-
-	destroy_nfsv4_state(server);
-
-	nfs_free_iostats(server->io_stats);
-	kfree(server->hostname);
-	kfree(server);
-	nfs_release_automount_timer();
+	nfs_free_server(server);
 }
 
 /*
- * Constructs the SERVER-side path
+ * Clone an NFS4 server record on xdev traversal (FSID-change)
  */
-static inline char *nfs4_dup_path(const struct dentry *dentry)
+static int nfs4_xdev_get_sb(struct file_system_type *fs_type, int flags,
+			    const char *dev_name, void *raw_data,
+			    struct vfsmount *mnt)
 {
-	char *page = (char *) __get_free_page(GFP_USER);
-	char *path;
+	struct nfs_clone_mount *data = raw_data;
+	struct super_block *s;
+	struct nfs_server *server;
+	struct dentry *mntroot;
+	int error;
 
-	path = nfs4_path(dentry, page, PAGE_SIZE);
-	if (!IS_ERR(path)) {
-		int len = PAGE_SIZE + page - path;
-		char *tmp = path;
+	dprintk("--> nfs4_xdev_get_sb()\n");
 
-		path = kmalloc(len, GFP_KERNEL);
-		if (path)
-			memcpy(path, tmp, len);
-		else
-			path = ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+	/* create a new volume representation */
+	server = nfs_clone_server(NFS_SB(data->sb), data->fh, data->fattr);
+	if (IS_ERR(server)) {
+		error = PTR_ERR(server);
+		goto out_err_noserver;
 	}
-	free_page((unsigned long)page);
-	return path;
-}
 
-static struct super_block *nfs4_clone_sb(struct nfs_server *server, struct nfs_clone_mount *data)
-{
-	const struct dentry *dentry = data->dentry;
-	struct nfs_client *clp = server->nfs_client;
-	struct super_block *sb;
-
-	server->fsid = data->fattr->fsid;
-	nfs_copy_fh(&server->fh, data->fh);
-	server->mnt_path = nfs4_dup_path(dentry);
-	if (IS_ERR(server->mnt_path)) {
-		sb = (struct super_block *)server->mnt_path;
-		goto err;
+	/* Get a superblock - note that we may end up sharing one that already exists */
+	s = sget(&nfs_fs_type, nfs_compare_super, nfs_set_super, server);
+	if (IS_ERR(s)) {
+		error = PTR_ERR(s);
+		goto out_err_nosb;
 	}
-	sb = sget(&nfs4_fs_type, nfs4_compare_super, nfs_set_super, server);
-	if (IS_ERR(sb) || sb->s_root)
-		goto free_path;
-	nfs4_server_capabilities(server, &server->fh);
-
-	down_write(&clp->cl_sem);
-	list_add_tail(&server->nfs4_siblings, &clp->cl_superblocks);
-	up_write(&clp->cl_sem);
-	return sb;
-free_path:
-	kfree(server->mnt_path);
-err:
-	server->mnt_path = NULL;
-	return sb;
-}
 
-static int nfs_clone_nfs4_sb(struct file_system_type *fs_type,
-		int flags, const char *dev_name, void *raw_data, struct vfsmount *mnt)
-{
-	struct nfs_clone_mount *data = raw_data;
-	return nfs_clone_generic_sb(data, nfs4_clone_sb, nfs_clone_server, mnt);
-}
+	if (s->s_fs_info != server) {
+		nfs_free_server(server);
+		server = NULL;
+	}
 
-static struct super_block *nfs4_referral_sb(struct nfs_server *server, struct nfs_clone_mount *data)
-{
-	struct super_block *sb = ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
-	int len;
-
-	len = strlen(data->mnt_path) + 1;
-	server->mnt_path = kmalloc(len, GFP_KERNEL);
-	if (server->mnt_path == NULL)
-		goto err;
-	memcpy(server->mnt_path, data->mnt_path, len);
-	memcpy(&server->addr, data->addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
-
-	sb = sget(&nfs4_fs_type, nfs4_compare_super, nfs_set_super, server);
-	if (IS_ERR(sb) || sb->s_root)
-		goto free_path;
-	return sb;
-free_path:
-	kfree(server->mnt_path);
-err:
-	server->mnt_path = NULL;
-	return sb;
-}
+	if (!s->s_root) {
+		/* initial superblock/root creation */
+		s->s_flags = flags;
+		nfs4_clone_super(s, data->sb);
+	}
 
-static struct nfs_server *nfs4_referral_server(struct super_block *sb, struct nfs_clone_mount *data)
-{
-	struct nfs_server *server = NFS_SB(sb);
-	int proto, timeo, retrans;
-	void *err;
-
-	proto = IPPROTO_TCP;
-	/* Since we are following a referral and there may be alternatives,
-	   set the timeouts and retries to low values */
-	timeo = 2;
-	retrans = 1;
-
-	nfs_put_client(server->nfs_client);
-	server->nfs_client = NULL;
-	server->client = nfs4_create_client(server, timeo, retrans, proto,
-					    data->authflavor);
-	if (IS_ERR((err = server->client)))
-		goto out_err;
+	mntroot = nfs4_get_root(s, data->fh);
+	if (IS_ERR(mntroot)) {
+		error = PTR_ERR(mntroot);
+		goto error_splat_super;
+	}
 
-	sb->s_time_gran = 1;
-	sb->s_op = &nfs4_sops;
-	err = ERR_PTR(nfs_sb_init(sb, data->authflavor));
-	if (!IS_ERR(err))
-		return server;
-out_err:
-	return (struct nfs_server *)err;
+	s->s_flags |= MS_ACTIVE;
+	mnt->mnt_sb = s;
+	mnt->mnt_root = mntroot;
+
+	dprintk("<-- nfs4_xdev_get_sb() = 0\n");
+	return 0;
+
+out_err_nosb:
+	nfs_free_server(server);
+out_err_noserver:
+	dprintk("<-- nfs4_xdev_get_sb() = %d [error]\n", error);
+	return error;
+
+error_splat_super:
+	up_write(&s->s_umount);
+	deactivate_super(s);
+	dprintk("<-- nfs4_xdev_get_sb() = %d [splat]\n", error);
+	return error;
 }
 
-static int nfs_referral_nfs4_sb(struct file_system_type *fs_type,
-		int flags, const char *dev_name, void *raw_data, struct vfsmount *mnt)
+/*
+ * Create an NFS4 server record on referral traversal
+ */
+static int nfs4_referral_get_sb(struct file_system_type *fs_type, int flags,
+				const char *dev_name, void *raw_data,
+				struct vfsmount *mnt)
 {
 	struct nfs_clone_mount *data = raw_data;
-	return nfs_clone_generic_sb(data, nfs4_referral_sb, nfs4_referral_server, mnt);
+	struct super_block *s;
+	struct nfs_server *server;
+	struct dentry *mntroot;
+	struct nfs_fh mntfh;
+	int error;
+
+	dprintk("--> nfs4_referral_get_sb()\n");
+
+	/* create a new volume representation */
+	server = nfs4_create_referral_server(data, &mntfh);
+	if (IS_ERR(server)) {
+		error = PTR_ERR(server);
+		goto out_err_noserver;
+	}
+
+	/* Get a superblock - note that we may end up sharing one that already exists */
+	s = sget(&nfs_fs_type, nfs_compare_super, nfs_set_super, server);
+	if (IS_ERR(s)) {
+		error = PTR_ERR(s);
+		goto out_err_nosb;
+	}
+
+	if (s->s_fs_info != server) {
+		nfs_free_server(server);
+		server = NULL;
+	}
+
+	if (!s->s_root) {
+		/* initial superblock/root creation */
+		s->s_flags = flags;
+		nfs4_fill_super(s);
+	}
+
+	mntroot = nfs4_get_root(s, data->fh);
+	if (IS_ERR(mntroot)) {
+		error = PTR_ERR(mntroot);
+		goto error_splat_super;
+	}
+
+	s->s_flags |= MS_ACTIVE;
+	mnt->mnt_sb = s;
+	mnt->mnt_root = mntroot;
+
+	dprintk("<-- nfs4_referral_get_sb() = 0\n");
+	return 0;
+
+out_err_nosb:
+	nfs_free_server(server);
+out_err_noserver:
+	dprintk("<-- nfs4_referral_get_sb() = %d [error]\n", error);
+	return error;
+
+error_splat_super:
+	up_write(&s->s_umount);
+	deactivate_super(s);
+	dprintk("<-- nfs4_referral_get_sb() = %d [splat]\n", error);
+	return error;
 }
 
-#endif
+#endif /* CONFIG_NFS_V4 */
diff --git a/fs/nfs/write.c b/fs/nfs/write.c
index 7084ac9a6455..453d44666ea5 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/write.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/write.c
@@ -1273,7 +1273,7 @@ int nfs_writeback_done(struct rpc_task *task, struct nfs_write_data *data)
 		if (time_before(complain, jiffies)) {
 			dprintk("NFS: faulty NFS server %s:"
 				" (committed = %d) != (stable = %d)\n",
-				NFS_SERVER(data->inode)->hostname,
+				NFS_SERVER(data->inode)->nfs_client->cl_hostname,
 				resp->verf->committed, argp->stable);
 			complain = jiffies + 300 * HZ;
 		}