License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license

Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.

By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.

Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier.  The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.

This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.

How this work was done:

Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
 - file had no licensing information it it.
 - file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
 - file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,

Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.

The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne.  Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.

The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed.  Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
 - Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
 - Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
   lines of source
 - File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
   lines).

All documentation files were explicitly excluded.

The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.

 - when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
   considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
   COPYING file license applied.

   For non */uapi/* files that summary was:

   SPDX license identifier                            # files
   ---------------------------------------------------|-------
   GPL-2.0                                              11139

   and resulted in the first patch in this series.

   If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
   Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0".  Results of that was:

   SPDX license identifier                            # files
   ---------------------------------------------------|-------
   GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note                        930

   and resulted in the second patch in this series.

 - if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
   of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
   any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
   it (per prior point).  Results summary:

   SPDX license identifier                            # files
   ---------------------------------------------------|------
   GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note                       270
   GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                      169
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause)    21
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause)    17
   LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                      15
   GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                       14
   ((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause)    5
   LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                       4
   LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note                        3
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT)              3
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT)             1

   and that resulted in the third patch in this series.

 - when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
   the concluded license(s).

 - when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
   license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
   licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.

 - In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
   resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
   which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).

 - When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
   confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

 - If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
   the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
   in time.

In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights.  The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.

Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.

In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.

Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
 - a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
   license ids and scores
 - reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
   files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
 - reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
   was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
   SPDX license was correct

This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction.  This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.

These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg.  Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected.  This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.)  Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.

Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

36 files changed, 36 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/fs/nfsd/Makefile b/fs/nfsd/Makefile
index 5f5d3a76980c..2bfb58eefad1 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/Makefile
+++ b/fs/nfsd/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #
 # Makefile for the Linux nfs server
 #
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/auth.c b/fs/nfsd/auth.c
index 62469c60be23..697f8ae7792d 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/auth.c
+++ b/fs/nfsd/auth.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /* Copyright (C) 1995, 1996 Olaf Kirch <okir@monad.swb.de> */
 
 #include <linux/sched.h>
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/auth.h b/fs/nfsd/auth.h
index 53325a12ba62..dbd66424f600 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/auth.h
+++ b/fs/nfsd/auth.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 /*
  * nfsd-specific authentication stuff.
  *
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/blocklayout.c b/fs/nfsd/blocklayout.c
index c862c2489df0..3f880ae0966b 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/blocklayout.c
+++ b/fs/nfsd/blocklayout.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2014-2016 Christoph Hellwig.
  */
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/blocklayoutxdr.c b/fs/nfsd/blocklayoutxdr.c
index ac6f54546fdd..442543304930 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/blocklayoutxdr.c
+++ b/fs/nfsd/blocklayoutxdr.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2014-2016 Christoph Hellwig.
  */
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/blocklayoutxdr.h b/fs/nfsd/blocklayoutxdr.h
index 397bc7563a49..bc5166bfe46b 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/blocklayoutxdr.h
+++ b/fs/nfsd/blocklayoutxdr.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef _NFSD_BLOCKLAYOUTXDR_H
 #define _NFSD_BLOCKLAYOUTXDR_H 1
 
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/cache.h b/fs/nfsd/cache.h
index dd96a3830004..046b3f048757 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/cache.h
+++ b/fs/nfsd/cache.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 /*
  * Request reply cache. This was heavily inspired by the
  * implementation in 4.3BSD/4.4BSD.
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/current_stateid.h b/fs/nfsd/current_stateid.h
index 34075cee573a..c28540d86742 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/current_stateid.h
+++ b/fs/nfsd/current_stateid.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef _NFSD4_CURRENT_STATE_H
 #define _NFSD4_CURRENT_STATE_H
 
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/export.c b/fs/nfsd/export.c
index 3bc08c394a3f..46b48dbbdd32 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/export.c
+++ b/fs/nfsd/export.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * NFS exporting and validation.
  *
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/export.h b/fs/nfsd/export.h
index 730f15eeb7ed..c8b74126ddaa 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/export.h
+++ b/fs/nfsd/export.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 /*
  * Copyright (C) 1995-1997 Olaf Kirch <okir@monad.swb.de>
  */
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/fault_inject.c b/fs/nfsd/fault_inject.c
index 34c1c449fddf..6dfede6d172a 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/fault_inject.c
+++ b/fs/nfsd/fault_inject.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2011 Bryan Schumaker <bjschuma@netapp.com>
  *
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/flexfilelayout.c b/fs/nfsd/flexfilelayout.c
index b67287383010..db7ef07ae50c 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/flexfilelayout.c
+++ b/fs/nfsd/flexfilelayout.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2016 Tom Haynes <loghyr@primarydata.com>
  *
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/flexfilelayoutxdr.c b/fs/nfsd/flexfilelayoutxdr.c
index 5e3fd7fc1a9f..e81d2a5cf381 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/flexfilelayoutxdr.c
+++ b/fs/nfsd/flexfilelayoutxdr.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2016 Tom Haynes <loghyr@primarydata.com>
  */
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/flexfilelayoutxdr.h b/fs/nfsd/flexfilelayoutxdr.h
index 467defd4e563..8e195aeca023 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/flexfilelayoutxdr.h
+++ b/fs/nfsd/flexfilelayoutxdr.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2016 Tom Haynes <loghyr@primarydata.com>
  */
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/lockd.c b/fs/nfsd/lockd.c
index 1a03bc3059e8..3f5b3d7b62b7 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/lockd.c
+++ b/fs/nfsd/lockd.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * This file contains all the stubs needed when communicating with lockd.
  * This level of indirection is necessary so we can run nfsd+lockd without
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/nfs2acl.c b/fs/nfsd/nfs2acl.c
index 6276ec8608b0..cbab1d2d8a75 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/nfs2acl.c
+++ b/fs/nfsd/nfs2acl.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * Process version 2 NFSACL requests.
  *
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/nfs3acl.c b/fs/nfsd/nfs3acl.c
index 01976529f042..13bca4a2f89d 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/nfs3acl.c
+++ b/fs/nfsd/nfs3acl.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * Process version 3 NFSACL requests.
  *
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/nfs3proc.c b/fs/nfsd/nfs3proc.c
index 2cb56a0d6625..1d0ce3c57d93 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/nfs3proc.c
+++ b/fs/nfsd/nfs3proc.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * Process version 3 NFS requests.
  *
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/nfs3xdr.c b/fs/nfsd/nfs3xdr.c
index bf444b664011..f38acd905441 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/nfs3xdr.c
+++ b/fs/nfsd/nfs3xdr.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * XDR support for nfsd/protocol version 3.
  *
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/nfs4layouts.c b/fs/nfsd/nfs4layouts.c
index e122da696f1b..ea45d954e8d7 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/nfs4layouts.c
+++ b/fs/nfsd/nfs4layouts.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2014 Christoph Hellwig.
  */
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/nfscache.c b/fs/nfsd/nfscache.c
index 96fd15979cbd..334f2ad60704 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/nfscache.c
+++ b/fs/nfsd/nfscache.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * Request reply cache. This is currently a global cache, but this may
  * change in the future and be a per-client cache.
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/nfsd.h b/fs/nfsd/nfsd.h
index b9c538ab7a59..3fce905d0365 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/nfsd.h
+++ b/fs/nfsd/nfsd.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 /*
  * Hodge-podge collection of knfsd-related stuff.
  * I will sort this out later.
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/nfsfh.c b/fs/nfsd/nfsfh.c
index cfe7500d5847..8aa011820c4a 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/nfsfh.c
+++ b/fs/nfsd/nfsfh.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * NFS server file handle treatment.
  *
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/nfsfh.h b/fs/nfsd/nfsfh.h
index e47cf6c2ac28..43f31cf49bae 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/nfsfh.h
+++ b/fs/nfsd/nfsfh.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 /*
  * Copyright (C) 1995, 1996, 1997 Olaf Kirch <okir@monad.swb.de>
  *
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/nfsproc.c b/fs/nfsd/nfsproc.c
index 5076ae2b8258..43c0419b8ddb 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/nfsproc.c
+++ b/fs/nfsd/nfsproc.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * Process version 2 NFS requests.
  *
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/nfssvc.c b/fs/nfsd/nfssvc.c
index 7e3af3ef0917..e02bd2783124 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/nfssvc.c
+++ b/fs/nfsd/nfssvc.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * Central processing for nfsd.
  *
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/nfsxdr.c b/fs/nfsd/nfsxdr.c
index e4da2717982d..644a0342f0e0 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/nfsxdr.c
+++ b/fs/nfsd/nfsxdr.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * XDR support for nfsd
  *
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/pnfs.h b/fs/nfsd/pnfs.h
index d27a5aa60022..4f4282d4eeca 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/pnfs.h
+++ b/fs/nfsd/pnfs.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef _FS_NFSD_PNFS_H
 #define _FS_NFSD_PNFS_H 1
 
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/stats.c b/fs/nfsd/stats.c
index d97338bb6a39..9bce3b913189 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/stats.c
+++ b/fs/nfsd/stats.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * procfs-based user access to knfsd statistics
  *
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/stats.h b/fs/nfsd/stats.h
index a5c944b771c6..b23fdac69820 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/stats.h
+++ b/fs/nfsd/stats.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 /*
  * Statistics for NFS server.
  *
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/trace.h b/fs/nfsd/trace.h
index 3287041905da..8b2f1d92c579 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/trace.h
+++ b/fs/nfsd/trace.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2014 Christoph Hellwig.
  */
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/vfs.c b/fs/nfsd/vfs.c
index bc69d40c4e8b..a3c9bfa77def 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/vfs.c
+++ b/fs/nfsd/vfs.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * File operations used by nfsd. Some of these have been ripped from
  * other parts of the kernel because they weren't exported, others
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/vfs.h b/fs/nfsd/vfs.h
index 1bbdccecbf3d..be6d8e00453f 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/vfs.h
+++ b/fs/nfsd/vfs.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 /*
  * Copyright (C) 1995-1997 Olaf Kirch <okir@monad.swb.de>
  */
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/xdr.h b/fs/nfsd/xdr.h
index 457ce45e5084..2f4f22e6b8cb 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/xdr.h
+++ b/fs/nfsd/xdr.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 /* XDR types for nfsd. This is mainly a typing exercise. */
 
 #ifndef LINUX_NFSD_H
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/xdr3.h b/fs/nfsd/xdr3.h
index 80d7da620e91..056bf8a7364e 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/xdr3.h
+++ b/fs/nfsd/xdr3.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 /*
  * XDR types for NFSv3 in nfsd.
  *
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/xdr4cb.h b/fs/nfsd/xdr4cb.h
index 49b719dfef95..517239af0302 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/xdr4cb.h
+++ b/fs/nfsd/xdr4cb.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #define NFS4_MAXTAGLEN		20
 
 #define NFS4_enc_cb_null_sz		0