jump label: Introduce static_branch() interface

Introduce:

static __always_inline bool static_branch(struct jump_label_key *key);

instead of the old JUMP_LABEL(key, label) macro.

In this way, jump labels become really easy to use:

Define:

        struct jump_label_key jump_key;

Can be used as:

        if (static_branch(&jump_key))
                do unlikely code

enable/disale via:

        jump_label_inc(&jump_key);
        jump_label_dec(&jump_key);

that's it!

For the jump labels disabled case, the static_branch() becomes an
atomic_read(), and jump_label_inc()/dec() are simply atomic_inc(),
atomic_dec() operations. We show testing results for this change below.

Thanks to H. Peter Anvin for suggesting the 'static_branch()' construct.

Since we now require a 'struct jump_label_key *key', we can store a pointer into
the jump table addresses. In this way, we can enable/disable jump labels, in
basically constant time. This change allows us to completely remove the previous
hashtable scheme. Thanks to Peter Zijlstra for this re-write.

Testing:

I ran a series of 'tbench 20' runs 5 times (with reboots) for 3
configurations, where tracepoints were disabled.

jump label configured in
avg: 815.6

jump label *not* configured in (using atomic reads)
avg: 800.1

jump label *not* configured in (regular reads)
avg: 803.4

Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
LKML-Reference: <20110316212947.GA8792@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jason Baron <jbaron@redhat.com>
Suggested-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
Tested-by: David Daney <ddaney@caviumnetworks.com>
Acked-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Acked-by: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

1 files changed, 218 insertions, 321 deletions

diff --git a/kernel/jump_label.c b/kernel/jump_label.c
index 3b79bd938330..74d1c099fbd1 100644
--- a/kernel/jump_label.c
+++ b/kernel/jump_label.c
@@ -2,43 +2,23 @@
  * jump label support
  *
  * Copyright (C) 2009 Jason Baron <jbaron@redhat.com>
+ * Copyright (C) 2011 Peter Zijlstra <pzijlstr@redhat.com>
  *
  */
-#include <linux/jump_label.h>
 #include <linux/memory.h>
 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
 #include <linux/module.h>
 #include <linux/list.h>
-#include <linux/jhash.h>
 #include <linux/slab.h>
 #include <linux/sort.h>
 #include <linux/err.h>
+#include <linux/jump_label.h>
 
 #ifdef HAVE_JUMP_LABEL
 
-#define JUMP_LABEL_HASH_BITS 6
-#define JUMP_LABEL_TABLE_SIZE (1 << JUMP_LABEL_HASH_BITS)
-static struct hlist_head jump_label_table[JUMP_LABEL_TABLE_SIZE];
-
 /* mutex to protect coming/going of the the jump_label table */
 static DEFINE_MUTEX(jump_label_mutex);
 
-struct jump_label_entry {
-	struct hlist_node hlist;
-	struct jump_entry *table;
-	int nr_entries;
-	/* hang modules off here */
-	struct hlist_head modules;
-	unsigned long key;
-};
-
-struct jump_label_module_entry {
-	struct hlist_node hlist;
-	struct jump_entry *table;
-	int nr_entries;
-	struct module *mod;
-};
-
 void jump_label_lock(void)
 {
 	mutex_lock(&jump_label_mutex);
@@ -49,6 +29,11 @@ void jump_label_unlock(void)
 	mutex_unlock(&jump_label_mutex);
 }
 
+bool jump_label_enabled(struct jump_label_key *key)
+{
+	return !!atomic_read(&key->enabled);
+}
+
 static int jump_label_cmp(const void *a, const void *b)
 {
 	const struct jump_entry *jea = a;
@@ -64,7 +49,7 @@ static int jump_label_cmp(const void *a, const void *b)
 }
 
 static void
-sort_jump_label_entries(struct jump_entry *start, struct jump_entry *stop)
+jump_label_sort_entries(struct jump_entry *start, struct jump_entry *stop)
 {
 	unsigned long size;
 
@@ -73,118 +58,25 @@ sort_jump_label_entries(struct jump_entry *start, struct jump_entry *stop)
 	sort(start, size, sizeof(struct jump_entry), jump_label_cmp, NULL);
 }
 
-static struct jump_label_entry *get_jump_label_entry(jump_label_t key)
-{
-	struct hlist_head *head;
-	struct hlist_node *node;
-	struct jump_label_entry *e;
-	u32 hash = jhash((void *)&key, sizeof(jump_label_t), 0);
-
-	head = &jump_label_table[hash & (JUMP_LABEL_TABLE_SIZE - 1)];
-	hlist_for_each_entry(e, node, head, hlist) {
-		if (key == e->key)
-			return e;
-	}
-	return NULL;
-}
+static void jump_label_update(struct jump_label_key *key, int enable);
 
-static struct jump_label_entry *
-add_jump_label_entry(jump_label_t key, int nr_entries, struct jump_entry *table)
+void jump_label_inc(struct jump_label_key *key)
 {
-	struct hlist_head *head;
-	struct jump_label_entry *e;
-	u32 hash;
-
-	e = get_jump_label_entry(key);
-	if (e)
-		return ERR_PTR(-EEXIST);
-
-	e = kmalloc(sizeof(struct jump_label_entry), GFP_KERNEL);
-	if (!e)
-		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
-
-	hash = jhash((void *)&key, sizeof(jump_label_t), 0);
-	head = &jump_label_table[hash & (JUMP_LABEL_TABLE_SIZE - 1)];
-	e->key = key;
-	e->table = table;
-	e->nr_entries = nr_entries;
-	INIT_HLIST_HEAD(&(e->modules));
-	hlist_add_head(&e->hlist, head);
-	return e;
-}
+	if (atomic_inc_not_zero(&key->enabled))
+		return;
 
-static int
-build_jump_label_hashtable(struct jump_entry *start, struct jump_entry *stop)
-{
-	struct jump_entry *iter, *iter_begin;
-	struct jump_label_entry *entry;
-	int count;
-
-	sort_jump_label_entries(start, stop);
-	iter = start;
-	while (iter < stop) {
-		entry = get_jump_label_entry(iter->key);
-		if (!entry) {
-			iter_begin = iter;
-			count = 0;
-			while ((iter < stop) &&
-				(iter->key == iter_begin->key)) {
-				iter++;
-				count++;
-			}
-			entry = add_jump_label_entry(iter_begin->key,
-							count, iter_begin);
-			if (IS_ERR(entry))
-				return PTR_ERR(entry);
-		 } else {
-			WARN_ONCE(1, KERN_ERR "build_jump_hashtable: unexpected entry!\n");
-			return -1;
-		}
-	}
-	return 0;
+	jump_label_lock();
+	if (atomic_add_return(1, &key->enabled) == 1)
+		jump_label_update(key, JUMP_LABEL_ENABLE);
+	jump_label_unlock();
 }
 
-/***
- * jump_label_update - update jump label text
- * @key -  key value associated with a a jump label
- * @type - enum set to JUMP_LABEL_ENABLE or JUMP_LABEL_DISABLE
- *
- * Will enable/disable the jump for jump label @key, depending on the
- * value of @type.
- *
- */
-
-void jump_label_update(unsigned long key, enum jump_label_type type)
+void jump_label_dec(struct jump_label_key *key)
 {
-	struct jump_entry *iter;
-	struct jump_label_entry *entry;
-	struct hlist_node *module_node;
-	struct jump_label_module_entry *e_module;
-	int count;
+	if (!atomic_dec_and_mutex_lock(&key->enabled, &jump_label_mutex))
+		return;
 
-	jump_label_lock();
-	entry = get_jump_label_entry((jump_label_t)key);
-	if (entry) {
-		count = entry->nr_entries;
-		iter = entry->table;
-		while (count--) {
-			if (kernel_text_address(iter->code))
-				arch_jump_label_transform(iter, type);
-			iter++;
-		}
-		/* eanble/disable jump labels in modules */
-		hlist_for_each_entry(e_module, module_node, &(entry->modules),
-							hlist) {
-			count = e_module->nr_entries;
-			iter = e_module->table;
-			while (count--) {
-				if (iter->key &&
-						kernel_text_address(iter->code))
-					arch_jump_label_transform(iter, type);
-				iter++;
-			}
-		}
-	}
+	jump_label_update(key, JUMP_LABEL_DISABLE);
 	jump_label_unlock();
 }
 
@@ -197,77 +89,33 @@ static int addr_conflict(struct jump_entry *entry, void *start, void *end)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-#ifdef CONFIG_MODULES
-
-static int module_conflict(void *start, void *end)
+static int __jump_label_text_reserved(struct jump_entry *iter_start,
+		struct jump_entry *iter_stop, void *start, void *end)
 {
-	struct hlist_head *head;
-	struct hlist_node *node, *node_next, *module_node, *module_node_next;
-	struct jump_label_entry *e;
-	struct jump_label_module_entry *e_module;
 	struct jump_entry *iter;
-	int i, count;
-	int conflict = 0;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < JUMP_LABEL_TABLE_SIZE; i++) {
-		head = &jump_label_table[i];
-		hlist_for_each_entry_safe(e, node, node_next, head, hlist) {
-			hlist_for_each_entry_safe(e_module, module_node,
-							module_node_next,
-							&(e->modules), hlist) {
-				count = e_module->nr_entries;
-				iter = e_module->table;
-				while (count--) {
-					if (addr_conflict(iter, start, end)) {
-						conflict = 1;
-						goto out;
-					}
-					iter++;
-				}
-			}
-		}
-	}
-out:
-	return conflict;
-}
-
-#endif
-
-/***
- * jump_label_text_reserved - check if addr range is reserved
- * @start: start text addr
- * @end: end text addr
- *
- * checks if the text addr located between @start and @end
- * overlaps with any of the jump label patch addresses. Code
- * that wants to modify kernel text should first verify that
- * it does not overlap with any of the jump label addresses.
- * Caller must hold jump_label_mutex.
- *
- * returns 1 if there is an overlap, 0 otherwise
- */
-int jump_label_text_reserved(void *start, void *end)
-{
-	struct jump_entry *iter;
-	struct jump_entry *iter_start = __start___jump_table;
-	struct jump_entry *iter_stop = __start___jump_table;
-	int conflict = 0;
 
 	iter = iter_start;
 	while (iter < iter_stop) {
-		if (addr_conflict(iter, start, end)) {
-			conflict = 1;
-			goto out;
-		}
+		if (addr_conflict(iter, start, end))
+			return 1;
 		iter++;
 	}
 
-	/* now check modules */
-#ifdef CONFIG_MODULES
-	conflict = module_conflict(start, end);
-#endif
-out:
-	return conflict;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void __jump_label_update(struct jump_label_key *key,
+		struct jump_entry *entry, int enable)
+{
+	for (; entry->key == (jump_label_t)(unsigned long)key; entry++) {
+		/*
+		 * entry->code set to 0 invalidates module init text sections
+		 * kernel_text_address() verifies we are not in core kernel
+		 * init code, see jump_label_invalidate_module_init().
+		 */
+		if (entry->code && kernel_text_address(entry->code))
+			arch_jump_label_transform(entry, enable);
+	}
 }
 
 /*
@@ -277,142 +125,173 @@ void __weak arch_jump_label_text_poke_early(jump_label_t addr)
 {
 }
 
-static __init int init_jump_label(void)
+static __init int jump_label_init(void)
 {
-	int ret;
 	struct jump_entry *iter_start = __start___jump_table;
 	struct jump_entry *iter_stop = __stop___jump_table;
+	struct jump_label_key *key = NULL;
 	struct jump_entry *iter;
 
 	jump_label_lock();
-	ret = build_jump_label_hashtable(__start___jump_table,
-					 __stop___jump_table);
-	iter = iter_start;
-	while (iter < iter_stop) {
+	jump_label_sort_entries(iter_start, iter_stop);
+
+	for (iter = iter_start; iter < iter_stop; iter++) {
 		arch_jump_label_text_poke_early(iter->code);
-		iter++;
+		if (iter->key == (jump_label_t)(unsigned long)key)
+			continue;
+
+		key = (struct jump_label_key *)(unsigned long)iter->key;
+		atomic_set(&key->enabled, 0);
+		key->entries = iter;
+#ifdef CONFIG_MODULES
+		key->next = NULL;
+#endif
 	}
 	jump_label_unlock();
-	return ret;
+
+	return 0;
 }
-early_initcall(init_jump_label);
+early_initcall(jump_label_init);
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_MODULES
 
-static struct jump_label_module_entry *
-add_jump_label_module_entry(struct jump_label_entry *entry,
-			    struct jump_entry *iter_begin,
-			    int count, struct module *mod)
+struct jump_label_mod {
+	struct jump_label_mod *next;
+	struct jump_entry *entries;
+	struct module *mod;
+};
+
+static int __jump_label_mod_text_reserved(void *start, void *end)
+{
+	struct module *mod;
+
+	mod = __module_text_address((unsigned long)start);
+	if (!mod)
+		return 0;
+
+	WARN_ON_ONCE(__module_text_address((unsigned long)end) != mod);
+
+	return __jump_label_text_reserved(mod->jump_entries,
+				mod->jump_entries + mod->num_jump_entries,
+				start, end);
+}
+
+static void __jump_label_mod_update(struct jump_label_key *key, int enable)
+{
+	struct jump_label_mod *mod = key->next;
+
+	while (mod) {
+		__jump_label_update(key, mod->entries, enable);
+		mod = mod->next;
+	}
+}
+
+/***
+ * apply_jump_label_nops - patch module jump labels with arch_get_jump_label_nop()
+ * @mod: module to patch
+ *
+ * Allow for run-time selection of the optimal nops. Before the module
+ * loads patch these with arch_get_jump_label_nop(), which is specified by
+ * the arch specific jump label code.
+ */
+void jump_label_apply_nops(struct module *mod)
 {
-	struct jump_label_module_entry *e;
-
-	e = kmalloc(sizeof(struct jump_label_module_entry), GFP_KERNEL);
-	if (!e)
-		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
-	e->mod = mod;
-	e->nr_entries = count;
-	e->table = iter_begin;
-	hlist_add_head(&e->hlist, &entry->modules);
-	return e;
+	struct jump_entry *iter_start = mod->jump_entries;
+	struct jump_entry *iter_stop = iter_start + mod->num_jump_entries;
+	struct jump_entry *iter;
+
+	/* if the module doesn't have jump label entries, just return */
+	if (iter_start == iter_stop)
+		return;
+
+	for (iter = iter_start; iter < iter_stop; iter++)
+		arch_jump_label_text_poke_early(iter->code);
 }
 
-static int add_jump_label_module(struct module *mod)
+static int jump_label_add_module(struct module *mod)
 {
-	struct jump_entry *iter, *iter_begin;
-	struct jump_label_entry *entry;
-	struct jump_label_module_entry *module_entry;
-	int count;
+	struct jump_entry *iter_start = mod->jump_entries;
+	struct jump_entry *iter_stop = iter_start + mod->num_jump_entries;
+	struct jump_entry *iter;
+	struct jump_label_key *key = NULL;
+	struct jump_label_mod *jlm;
 
 	/* if the module doesn't have jump label entries, just return */
-	if (!mod->num_jump_entries)
+	if (iter_start == iter_stop)
 		return 0;
 
-	sort_jump_label_entries(mod->jump_entries,
-				mod->jump_entries + mod->num_jump_entries);
-	iter = mod->jump_entries;
-	while (iter < mod->jump_entries + mod->num_jump_entries) {
-		entry = get_jump_label_entry(iter->key);
-		iter_begin = iter;
-		count = 0;
-		while ((iter < mod->jump_entries + mod->num_jump_entries) &&
-			(iter->key == iter_begin->key)) {
-				iter++;
-				count++;
-		}
-		if (!entry) {
-			entry = add_jump_label_entry(iter_begin->key, 0, NULL);
-			if (IS_ERR(entry))
-				return PTR_ERR(entry);
+	jump_label_sort_entries(iter_start, iter_stop);
+
+	for (iter = iter_start; iter < iter_stop; iter++) {
+		if (iter->key == (jump_label_t)(unsigned long)key)
+			continue;
+
+		key = (struct jump_label_key *)(unsigned long)iter->key;
+
+		if (__module_address(iter->key) == mod) {
+			atomic_set(&key->enabled, 0);
+			key->entries = iter;
+			key->next = NULL;
+			continue;
 		}
-		module_entry = add_jump_label_module_entry(entry, iter_begin,
-							   count, mod);
-		if (IS_ERR(module_entry))
-			return PTR_ERR(module_entry);
+
+		jlm = kzalloc(sizeof(struct jump_label_mod), GFP_KERNEL);
+		if (!jlm)
+			return -ENOMEM;
+
+		jlm->mod = mod;
+		jlm->entries = iter;
+		jlm->next = key->next;
+		key->next = jlm;
+
+		if (jump_label_enabled(key))
+			__jump_label_update(key, iter, JUMP_LABEL_ENABLE);
 	}
+
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static void remove_jump_label_module(struct module *mod)
+static void jump_label_del_module(struct module *mod)
 {
-	struct hlist_head *head;
-	struct hlist_node *node, *node_next, *module_node, *module_node_next;
-	struct jump_label_entry *e;
-	struct jump_label_module_entry *e_module;
-	int i;
+	struct jump_entry *iter_start = mod->jump_entries;
+	struct jump_entry *iter_stop = iter_start + mod->num_jump_entries;
+	struct jump_entry *iter;
+	struct jump_label_key *key = NULL;
+	struct jump_label_mod *jlm, **prev;
 
-	/* if the module doesn't have jump label entries, just return */
-	if (!mod->num_jump_entries)
-		return;
+	for (iter = iter_start; iter < iter_stop; iter++) {
+		if (iter->key == (jump_label_t)(unsigned long)key)
+			continue;
+
+		key = (struct jump_label_key *)(unsigned long)iter->key;
+
+		if (__module_address(iter->key) == mod)
+			continue;
+
+		prev = &key->next;
+		jlm = key->next;
 
-	for (i = 0; i < JUMP_LABEL_TABLE_SIZE; i++) {
-		head = &jump_label_table[i];
-		hlist_for_each_entry_safe(e, node, node_next, head, hlist) {
-			hlist_for_each_entry_safe(e_module, module_node,
-						  module_node_next,
-						  &(e->modules), hlist) {
-				if (e_module->mod == mod) {
-					hlist_del(&e_module->hlist);
-					kfree(e_module);
-				}
-			}
-			if (hlist_empty(&e->modules) && (e->nr_entries == 0)) {
-				hlist_del(&e->hlist);
-				kfree(e);
-			}
+		while (jlm && jlm->mod != mod) {
+			prev = &jlm->next;
+			jlm = jlm->next;
+		}
+
+		if (jlm) {
+			*prev = jlm->next;
+			kfree(jlm);
 		}
 	}
 }
 
-static void remove_jump_label_module_init(struct module *mod)
+static void jump_label_invalidate_module_init(struct module *mod)
 {
-	struct hlist_head *head;
-	struct hlist_node *node, *node_next, *module_node, *module_node_next;
-	struct jump_label_entry *e;
-	struct jump_label_module_entry *e_module;
+	struct jump_entry *iter_start = mod->jump_entries;
+	struct jump_entry *iter_stop = iter_start + mod->num_jump_entries;
 	struct jump_entry *iter;
-	int i, count;
-
-	/* if the module doesn't have jump label entries, just return */
-	if (!mod->num_jump_entries)
-		return;
 
-	for (i = 0; i < JUMP_LABEL_TABLE_SIZE; i++) {
-		head = &jump_label_table[i];
-		hlist_for_each_entry_safe(e, node, node_next, head, hlist) {
-			hlist_for_each_entry_safe(e_module, module_node,
-						  module_node_next,
-						  &(e->modules), hlist) {
-				if (e_module->mod != mod)
-					continue;
-				count = e_module->nr_entries;
-				iter = e_module->table;
-				while (count--) {
-					if (within_module_init(iter->code, mod))
-						iter->key = 0;
-					iter++;
-				}
-			}
-		}
+	for (iter = iter_start; iter < iter_stop; iter++) {
+		if (within_module_init(iter->code, mod))
+			iter->code = 0;
 	}
 }
 
@@ -426,59 +305,77 @@ jump_label_module_notify(struct notifier_block *self, unsigned long val,
 	switch (val) {
 	case MODULE_STATE_COMING:
 		jump_label_lock();
-		ret = add_jump_label_module(mod);
+		ret = jump_label_add_module(mod);
 		if (ret)
-			remove_jump_label_module(mod);
+			jump_label_del_module(mod);
 		jump_label_unlock();
 		break;
 	case MODULE_STATE_GOING:
 		jump_label_lock();
-		remove_jump_label_module(mod);
+		jump_label_del_module(mod);
 		jump_label_unlock();
 		break;
 	case MODULE_STATE_LIVE:
 		jump_label_lock();
-		remove_jump_label_module_init(mod);
+		jump_label_invalidate_module_init(mod);
 		jump_label_unlock();
 		break;
 	}
-	return ret;
-}
 
-/***
- * apply_jump_label_nops - patch module jump labels with arch_get_jump_label_nop()
- * @mod: module to patch
- *
- * Allow for run-time selection of the optimal nops. Before the module
- * loads patch these with arch_get_jump_label_nop(), which is specified by
- * the arch specific jump label code.
- */
-void jump_label_apply_nops(struct module *mod)
-{
-	struct jump_entry *iter;
-
-	/* if the module doesn't have jump label entries, just return */
-	if (!mod->num_jump_entries)
-		return;
-
-	iter = mod->jump_entries;
-	while (iter < mod->jump_entries + mod->num_jump_entries) {
-		arch_jump_label_text_poke_early(iter->code);
-		iter++;
-	}
+	return notifier_from_errno(ret);
 }
 
 struct notifier_block jump_label_module_nb = {
 	.notifier_call = jump_label_module_notify,
-	.priority = 0,
+	.priority = 1, /* higher than tracepoints */
 };
 
-static __init int init_jump_label_module(void)
+static __init int jump_label_init_module(void)
 {
 	return register_module_notifier(&jump_label_module_nb);
 }
-early_initcall(init_jump_label_module);
+early_initcall(jump_label_init_module);
 
 #endif /* CONFIG_MODULES */
 
+/***
+ * jump_label_text_reserved - check if addr range is reserved
+ * @start: start text addr
+ * @end: end text addr
+ *
+ * checks if the text addr located between @start and @end
+ * overlaps with any of the jump label patch addresses. Code
+ * that wants to modify kernel text should first verify that
+ * it does not overlap with any of the jump label addresses.
+ * Caller must hold jump_label_mutex.
+ *
+ * returns 1 if there is an overlap, 0 otherwise
+ */
+int jump_label_text_reserved(void *start, void *end)
+{
+	int ret = __jump_label_text_reserved(__start___jump_table,
+			__stop___jump_table, start, end);
+
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_MODULES
+	ret = __jump_label_mod_text_reserved(start, end);
+#endif
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static void jump_label_update(struct jump_label_key *key, int enable)
+{
+	struct jump_entry *entry = key->entries;
+
+	/* if there are no users, entry can be NULL */
+	if (entry)
+		__jump_label_update(key, entry, enable);
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_MODULES
+	__jump_label_mod_update(key, enable);
+#endif
+}
+
 #endif