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diff --git a/Documentation/input/atarikbd.txt b/Documentation/input/atarikbd.txt index f3a3ba8847ba..745e7a1ff122 100644 --- a/Documentation/input/atarikbd.txt +++ b/Documentation/input/atarikbd.txt @@ -1,7 +1,10 @@ +==================================== Intelligent Keyboard (ikbd) Protocol +==================================== -1. Introduction +Introduction +============ The Atari Corp. Intelligent Keyboard (ikbd) is a general purpose keyboard controller that is flexible enough that it can be used in a variety of @@ -18,7 +21,8 @@ different applications of the keyboard, joysticks, or mouse. Limited use of the controller is possible in applications in which only a unidirectional communications medium is available by carefully designing the default modes. -3. Keyboard +Keyboard +======== The keyboard always returns key make/break scan codes. The ikbd generates keyboard scan codes for each key press and release. The key scan make (key @@ -28,19 +32,25 @@ exists in that position on a particular keyboard. The break code for each key is obtained by ORing 0x80 with the make code. The special codes 0xF6 through 0xFF are reserved for use as follows: + +=================== ==================================================== + Code Command +=================== ==================================================== 0xF6 status report 0xF7 absolute mouse position record 0xF8-0xFB relative mouse position records (lsbs determined by - mouse button states) + mouse button states) 0xFC time-of-day 0xFD joystick report (both sticks) 0xFE joystick 0 event 0xFF joystick 1 event +=================== ==================================================== The two shift keys return different scan codes in this mode. The ENTER key and the RETurn key are also distinct. -4. Mouse +Mouse +===== The mouse port should be capable of supporting a mouse with resolution of approximately 200 counts (phase changes or 'clicks') per inch of travel. The @@ -53,7 +63,8 @@ key equivalents. The mouse buttons can be treated as part of the mouse or as additional keyboard keys. -4.1 Relative Position Reporting +Relative Position Reporting +--------------------------- In relative position mode, the ikbd will return relative mouse position records whenever a mouse event occurs. A mouse event consists of a mouse @@ -67,7 +78,8 @@ been 'paused' ( the event will be stored until keyboard communications is resumed) (b) while any event is being transmitted. The relative mouse position record is a three byte record of the form -(regardless of keyboard mode): +(regardless of keyboard mode):: + %111110xy ; mouse position record flag ; where y is the right button state ; and x is the left button state @@ -81,13 +93,15 @@ If the accumulated motion before the report packet is generated exceeds the Note that the sign of the delta y reported is a function of the Y origin selected. -4.2 Absolute Position reporting +Absolute Position reporting +--------------------------- The ikbd can also maintain absolute mouse position. Commands exist for resetting the mouse position, setting X/Y scaling, and interrogating the current mouse position. -4.3 Mouse Cursor Key Mode +Mouse Cursor Key Mode +--------------------- The ikbd can translate mouse motion into the equivalent cursor keystrokes. The number of mouse clicks per keystroke is independently programmable in @@ -99,32 +113,38 @@ break code for the appropriate cursor key. The mouse buttons produce scan codes above those normally assigned for the largest envisioned keyboard (i.e. LEFT=0x74 & RIGHT=0x75). -5. Joystick +Joystick +======== -5.1 Joystick Event Reporting +Joystick Event Reporting +------------------------ In this mode, the ikbd generates a record whenever the joystick position is changed (i.e. for each opening or closing of a joystick switch or trigger). -The joystick event record is two bytes of the form: +The joystick event record is two bytes of the form:: + %1111111x ; Joystick event marker ; where x is Joystick 0 or 1 %x000yyyy ; where yyyy is the stick position ; and x is the trigger -5.2 Joystick Interrogation +Joystick Interrogation +---------------------- The current state of the joystick ports may be interrogated at any time in this mode by sending an 'Interrogate Joystick' command to the ikbd. -The ikbd response to joystick interrogation is a three byte report of the form +The ikbd response to joystick interrogation is a three byte report of the form:: + 0xFD ; joystick report header %x000yyyy ; Joystick 0 %x000yyyy ; Joystick 1 ; where x is the trigger ; and yyy is the stick position -5.3 Joystick Monitoring +Joystick Monitoring +------------------- A mode is available that devotes nearly all of the keyboard communications time to reporting the state of the joystick ports at a user specifiable rate. @@ -132,7 +152,8 @@ It remains in this mode until reset or commanded into another mode. The PAUSE command in this mode not only stop the output but also temporarily stops scanning the joysticks (samples are not queued). -5.4 Fire Button Monitoring +Fire Button Monitoring +---------------------- A mode is provided to permit monitoring a single input bit at a high rate. In this mode the ikbd monitors the state of the Joystick 1 fire button at the @@ -142,7 +163,8 @@ until reset or commanded into another mode. The PAUSE command in this mode not only stops the output but also temporarily stops scanning the button (samples are not queued). -5.5 Joystick Key Code Mode +Joystick Key Code Mode +---------------------- The ikbd may be commanded to translate the use of either joystick into the equivalent cursor control keystroke(s). The ikbd provides a single breakpoint @@ -152,18 +174,21 @@ for the appropriate cursor motion keys. The trigger or fire buttons of the joysticks produce pseudo key scan codes above those used by the largest key matrix envisioned (i.e. JOYSTICK0=0x74, JOYSTICK1=0x75). -6. Time-of-Day Clock +Time-of-Day Clock +================= The ikbd also maintains a time-of-day clock for the system. Commands are available to set and interrogate the timer-of-day clock. Time-keeping is maintained down to a resolution of one second. -7. Status Inquiries +Status Inquiries +================ The current state of ikbd modes and parameters may be found by sending status inquiry commands that correspond to the ikbd set commands. -8. Power-Up Mode +Power-Up Mode +============= The keyboard controller will perform a simple self-test on power-up to detect major controller faults (ROM checksum and RAM test) and such things as stuck @@ -183,13 +208,17 @@ both buttons are logically connected to it. If a mouse disable command is received while port 0 is presumed to be a mouse, the button is logically assigned to Joystick1 (until the mouse is reenabled by another mouse command). -9. ikbd Command Set +ikbd Command Set +================ This section contains a list of commands that can be sent to the ikbd. Command codes (such as 0x00) which are not specified should perform no operation (NOPs). -9.1 RESET +RESET +----- + +:: 0x80 0x01 @@ -208,7 +237,10 @@ ikbd will then scan the key matrix for any stuck (closed) keys. Any keys found closed will cause the break scan code to be generated (the break code arriving without being preceded by the make code is a flag for a key matrix error). -9.2. SET MOUSE BUTTON ACTION +SET MOUSE BUTTON ACTION +----------------------- + +:: 0x07 %00000mss ; mouse button action @@ -217,14 +249,17 @@ without being preceded by the make code is a flag for a key matrix error). ; position report ; where y=1, mouse key press causes absolute report ; and x=1, mouse key release causes absolute report - ; mss=100, mouse buttons act like keys + ; mss=100, mouse buttons act like keys This command sets how the ikbd should treat the buttons on the mouse. The default mouse button action mode is %00000000, the buttons are treated as part of the mouse logically. When buttons act like keys, LEFT=0x74 & RIGHT=0x75. -9.3 SET RELATIVE MOUSE POSITION REPORTING +SET RELATIVE MOUSE POSITION REPORTING +------------------------------------- + +:: 0x08 @@ -235,14 +270,17 @@ key mode, mouse position reports may also be generated when either mouse button is pressed or released. Otherwise the mouse buttons behave as if they were keyboard keys. -9.4 SET ABSOLUTE MOUSE POSITIONING +SET ABSOLUTE MOUSE POSITIONING +------------------------------ + +:: 0x09 XMSB ; X maximum (in scaled mouse clicks) XLSB YMSB ; Y maximum (in scaled mouse clicks) YLSB - + Set absolute mouse position maintenance. Resets the ikbd maintained X and Y coordinates. In this mode, the value of the internally maintained coordinates does NOT wrap @@ -250,7 +288,10 @@ between 0 and large positive numbers. Excess motion below 0 is ignored. The command sets the maximum positive value that can be attained in the scaled coordinate system. Motion beyond that value is also ignored. -9.5 SET MOUSE KEYCODE MOSE +SET MOUSE KEYCODE MOSE +---------------------- + +:: 0x0A deltax ; distance in X clicks to return (LEFT) or (RIGHT) @@ -263,7 +304,10 @@ either axis. When the keyboard is in key scan code mode, mouse motion will cause the make code immediately followed by the break code. Note that this command is not affected by the mouse motion origin. -9..6 SET MOUSE THRESHOLD +SET MOUSE THRESHOLD +------------------- + +:: 0x0B X ; x threshold in mouse ticks (positive integers) @@ -274,7 +318,10 @@ it does NOT affect the resolution of the data returned to the host. This command is valid only in RELATIVE MOUSE POSITIONING mode. The thresholds default to 1 at RESET (or power-up). -9.7 SET MOUSE SCALE +SET MOUSE SCALE +--------------- + +:: 0x0C X ; horizontal mouse ticks per internal X @@ -288,7 +335,10 @@ information is available only by interrogating the ikbd in the ABSOLUTE MOUSE POSITIONING mode unless the ikbd has been commanded to report on button press or release (see SET MOSE BUTTON ACTION). -9.8 INTERROGATE MOUSE POSITION +INTERROGATE MOUSE POSITION +-------------------------- + +:: 0x0D Returns: @@ -306,7 +356,10 @@ or release (see SET MOSE BUTTON ACTION). The INTERROGATE MOUSE POSITION command is valid when in the ABSOLUTE MOUSE POSITIONING mode, regardless of the setting of the MOUSE BUTTON ACTION. -9.9 LOAD MOUSE POSITION +LOAD MOUSE POSITION +------------------- + +:: 0x0E 0x00 ; filler @@ -318,7 +371,10 @@ POSITIONING mode, regardless of the setting of the MOUSE BUTTON ACTION. This command allows the user to preset the internally maintained absolute mouse position. -9.10 SET Y=0 AT BOTTOM +SET Y=0 AT BOTTOM +----------------- + +:: 0x0F @@ -327,7 +383,10 @@ logical coordinate system internal to the ikbd for all relative or absolute mouse motion. This causes mouse motion toward the user to be negative in sign and away from the user to be positive. -9.11 SET Y=0 AT TOP +SET Y=0 AT TOP +-------------- + +:: 0x10 @@ -336,7 +395,10 @@ system within the ikbd for all relative or absolute mouse motion. (DEFAULT) This causes mouse motion toward the user to be positive in sign and away from the user to be negative. -9.12 RESUME +RESUME +------ + +:: 0x11 @@ -345,7 +407,10 @@ its output has been paused also causes an implicit RESUME this command can be thought of as a NO OPERATION command. If this command is received by the ikbd and it is not PAUSED, it is simply ignored. -9.13 DISABLE MOUSE +DISABLE MOUSE +------------- + +:: 0x12 @@ -356,7 +421,10 @@ ABSOLUTE MOUSE POSITIONING, and SET MOUSE KEYCODE MODE. ) N.B. If the mouse buttons have been commanded to act like keyboard keys, this command DOES affect their actions. -9.14 PAUSE OUTPUT +PAUSE OUTPUT +------------ + +:: 0x13 @@ -381,21 +449,30 @@ When the ikbd is in either the JOYSTICK MONITORING mode or the FIRE BUTTON MONITORING mode, the PAUSE OUTPUT command also temporarily stops the monitoring process (i.e. the samples are not enqueued for transmission). -0.15 SET JOYSTICK EVENT REPORTING +SET JOYSTICK EVENT REPORTING +---------------------------- + +:: 0x14 Enter JOYSTICK EVENT REPORTING mode (DEFAULT). Each opening or closure of a joystick switch or trigger causes a joystick event record to be generated. -9.16 SET JOYSTICK INTERROGATION MODE +SET JOYSTICK INTERROGATION MODE +------------------------------- + +:: 0x15 Disables JOYSTICK EVENT REPORTING. Host must send individual JOYSTICK INTERROGATE commands to sense joystick state. -9.17 JOYSTICK INTERROGATE +JOYSTICK INTERROGATE +-------------------- + +:: 0x16 @@ -403,7 +480,10 @@ Return a record indicating the current state of the joysticks. This command is valid in either the JOYSTICK EVENT REPORTING mode or the JOYSTICK INTERROGATION MODE. -9.18 SET JOYSTICK MONITORING +SET JOYSTICK MONITORING +----------------------- + +:: 0x17 rate ; time between samples in hundredths of a second @@ -419,7 +499,10 @@ between joystick samples. N.B. The user should not set the rate higher than the serial communications channel will allow the 2 bytes packets to be transmitted. -9.19 SET FIRE BUTTON MONITORING +SET FIRE BUTTON MONITORING +-------------------------- + +:: 0x18 Returns: (as long as in mode) @@ -432,7 +515,10 @@ is scanned at a rate that causes 8 samples to be made in the time it takes for the previous byte to be sent to the host (i.e. scan rate = 8/10 * baud rate). The sample interval should be as constant as possible. -9.20 SET JOYSTICK KEYCODE MODE +SET JOYSTICK KEYCODE MODE +------------------------- + +:: 0x19 RX ; length of time (in tenths of seconds) until @@ -462,7 +548,10 @@ Note that by setting RX and/or Ry to zero, the velocity feature can be disabled. The values of TX and TY then become meaningless, and the generation of cursor 'keystrokes' is set by VX and VY. -9.21 DISABLE JOYSTICKS +DISABLE JOYSTICKS +----------------- + +:: 0x1A @@ -472,7 +561,10 @@ joystick mode commands are SET JOYSTICK EVENT REPORTING, SET JOYSTICK INTERROGATION MODE, SET JOYSTICK MONITORING, SET FIRE BUTTON MONITORING, and SET JOYSTICK KEYCODE MODE.) -9.22 TIME-OF-DAY CLOCK SET +TIME-OF-DAY CLOCK SET +--------------------- + +:: 0x1B YY ; year (2 least significant digits) @@ -487,7 +579,10 @@ Any digit that is not a valid BCD digit should be treated as a 'don't care' and not alter that particular field of the date or time. This permits setting only some subfields of the time-of-day clock. -9.23 INTERROGATE TIME-OF-DAT CLOCK +INTERROGATE TIME-OF-DAT CLOCK +----------------------------- + +:: 0x1C Returns: @@ -501,7 +596,10 @@ only some subfields of the time-of-day clock. All time-of-day is sent in packed BCD format. -9.24 MEMORY LOAD +MEMORY LOAD +----------- + +:: 0x20 ADRMSB ; address in controller @@ -512,7 +610,10 @@ only some subfields of the time-of-day clock. This command permits the host to load arbitrary values into the ikbd controller memory. The time between data bytes must be less than 20ms. -9.25 MEMORY READ +MEMORY READ +----------- + +:: 0x21 ADRMSB ; address in controller @@ -524,7 +625,10 @@ controller memory. The time between data bytes must be less than 20ms. This command permits the host to read from the ikbd controller memory. -9.26 CONTROLLER EXECUTE +CONTROLLER EXECUTE +------------------ + +:: 0x22 ADRMSB ; address of subroutine in @@ -533,8 +637,11 @@ This command permits the host to read from the ikbd controller memory. This command allows the host to command the execution of a subroutine in the ikbd controller memory. -9.27 STATUS INQUIRIES - +STATUS INQUIRIES +---------------- + +:: + Status commands are formed by inclusively ORing 0x80 with the relevant SET command. @@ -568,7 +675,7 @@ off the status report header byte) and later send them back as commands to ikbd to restore its state. The 0 pad bytes will be treated as NOPs by the ikbd. - Valid STATUS INQUIRY commands are: + Valid STATUS INQUIRY commands are:: 0x87 mouse button action 0x88 mouse mode @@ -595,14 +702,17 @@ STATUS INQUIRY commands are not valid if the ikbd is in JOYSTICK MONITORING mode or FIRE BUTTON MONITORING mode. -10. SCAN CODES +SCAN CODES +========== The key scan codes returned by the ikbd are chosen to simplify the implementation of GSX. -GSX Standard Keyboard Mapping. +GSX Standard Keyboard Mapping +======= ============ Hex Keytop +======= ============ 01 Esc 02 1 03 2 @@ -614,8 +724,8 @@ Hex Keytop 09 8 0A 9 0B 0 -0C - -0D == +0C \- +0D \= 0E BS 0F TAB 10 Q @@ -643,9 +753,9 @@ Hex Keytop 26 L 27 ; 28 ' -29 ` +29 \` 2A (LEFT) SHIFT -2B \ +2B \\ 2C Z 2D X 2E C @@ -707,3 +817,4 @@ Hex Keytop 70 KEYPAD 0 71 KEYPAD . 72 KEYPAD ENTER +======= ============ |