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diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/Makefile b/Documentation/DocBook/Makefile index 325cfd1d6d99..c7e5dc7e8cb3 100644 --- a/Documentation/DocBook/Makefile +++ b/Documentation/DocBook/Makefile @@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ DOCBOOKS := z8530book.xml mcabook.xml device-drivers.xml \ genericirq.xml s390-drivers.xml uio-howto.xml scsi.xml \ mac80211.xml debugobjects.xml sh.xml regulator.xml \ alsa-driver-api.xml writing-an-alsa-driver.xml \ - tracepoint.xml media.xml + tracepoint.xml media.xml drm.xml ### # The build process is as follows (targets): diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/drm.tmpl b/Documentation/DocBook/drm.tmpl new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..7583dc7cf64d --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/DocBook/drm.tmpl @@ -0,0 +1,839 @@ +<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> +<!DOCTYPE book PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.1.2//EN" + "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.1.2/docbookx.dtd" []> + +<book id="drmDevelopersGuide"> + <bookinfo> + <title>Linux DRM Developer's Guide</title> + + <copyright> + <year>2008-2009</year> + <holder> + Intel Corporation (Jesse Barnes <jesse.barnes@intel.com>) + </holder> + </copyright> + + <legalnotice> + <para> + The contents of this file may be used under the terms of the GNU + General Public License version 2 (the "GPL") as distributed in + the kernel source COPYING file. + </para> + </legalnotice> + </bookinfo> + +<toc></toc> + + <!-- Introduction --> + + <chapter id="drmIntroduction"> + <title>Introduction</title> + <para> + The Linux DRM layer contains code intended to support the needs + of complex graphics devices, usually containing programmable + pipelines well suited to 3D graphics acceleration. Graphics + drivers in the kernel can make use of DRM functions to make + tasks like memory management, interrupt handling and DMA easier, + and provide a uniform interface to applications. + </para> + <para> + A note on versions: this guide covers features found in the DRM + tree, including the TTM memory manager, output configuration and + mode setting, and the new vblank internals, in addition to all + the regular features found in current kernels. + </para> + <para> + [Insert diagram of typical DRM stack here] + </para> + </chapter> + + <!-- Internals --> + + <chapter id="drmInternals"> + <title>DRM Internals</title> + <para> + This chapter documents DRM internals relevant to driver authors + and developers working to add support for the latest features to + existing drivers. + </para> + <para> + First, we'll go over some typical driver initialization + requirements, like setting up command buffers, creating an + initial output configuration, and initializing core services. + Subsequent sections will cover core internals in more detail, + providing implementation notes and examples. + </para> + <para> + The DRM layer provides several services to graphics drivers, + many of them driven by the application interfaces it provides + through libdrm, the library that wraps most of the DRM ioctls. + These include vblank event handling, memory + management, output management, framebuffer management, command + submission & fencing, suspend/resume support, and DMA + services. + </para> + <para> + The core of every DRM driver is struct drm_device. Drivers + will typically statically initialize a drm_device structure, + then pass it to drm_init() at load time. + </para> + + <!-- Internals: driver init --> + + <sect1> + <title>Driver initialization</title> + <para> + Before calling the DRM initialization routines, the driver must + first create and fill out a struct drm_device structure. + </para> + <programlisting> + static struct drm_driver driver = { + /* don't use mtrr's here, the Xserver or user space app should + * deal with them for intel hardware. + */ + .driver_features = + DRIVER_USE_AGP | DRIVER_REQUIRE_AGP | + DRIVER_HAVE_IRQ | DRIVER_IRQ_SHARED | DRIVER_MODESET, + .load = i915_driver_load, + .unload = i915_driver_unload, + .firstopen = i915_driver_firstopen, + .lastclose = i915_driver_lastclose, + .preclose = i915_driver_preclose, + .save = i915_save, + .restore = i915_restore, + .device_is_agp = i915_driver_device_is_agp, + .get_vblank_counter = i915_get_vblank_counter, + .enable_vblank = i915_enable_vblank, + .disable_vblank = i915_disable_vblank, + .irq_preinstall = i915_driver_irq_preinstall, + .irq_postinstall = i915_driver_irq_postinstall, + .irq_uninstall = i915_driver_irq_uninstall, + .irq_handler = i915_driver_irq_handler, + .reclaim_buffers = drm_core_reclaim_buffers, + .get_map_ofs = drm_core_get_map_ofs, + .get_reg_ofs = drm_core_get_reg_ofs, + .fb_probe = intelfb_probe, + .fb_remove = intelfb_remove, + .fb_resize = intelfb_resize, + .master_create = i915_master_create, + .master_destroy = i915_master_destroy, +#if defined(CONFIG_DEBUG_FS) + .debugfs_init = i915_debugfs_init, + .debugfs_cleanup = i915_debugfs_cleanup, +#endif + .gem_init_object = i915_gem_init_object, + .gem_free_object = i915_gem_free_object, + .gem_vm_ops = &i915_gem_vm_ops, + .ioctls = i915_ioctls, + .fops = { + .owner = THIS_MODULE, + .open = drm_open, + .release = drm_release, + .ioctl = drm_ioctl, + .mmap = drm_mmap, + .poll = drm_poll, + .fasync = drm_fasync, +#ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT + .compat_ioctl = i915_compat_ioctl, +#endif + }, + .pci_driver = { + .name = DRIVER_NAME, + .id_table = pciidlist, + .probe = probe, + .remove = __devexit_p(drm_cleanup_pci), + }, + .name = DRIVER_NAME, + .desc = DRIVER_DESC, + .date = DRIVER_DATE, + .major = DRIVER_MAJOR, + .minor = DRIVER_MINOR, + .patchlevel = DRIVER_PATCHLEVEL, + }; + </programlisting> + <para> + In the example above, taken from the i915 DRM driver, the driver + sets several flags indicating what core features it supports. + We'll go over the individual callbacks in later sections. Since + flags indicate which features your driver supports to the DRM + core, you need to set most of them prior to calling drm_init(). Some, + like DRIVER_MODESET can be set later based on user supplied parameters, + but that's the exception rather than the rule. + </para> + <variablelist> + <title>Driver flags</title> + <varlistentry> + <term>DRIVER_USE_AGP</term> + <listitem><para> + Driver uses AGP interface + </para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>DRIVER_REQUIRE_AGP</term> + <listitem><para> + Driver needs AGP interface to function. + </para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>DRIVER_USE_MTRR</term> + <listitem> + <para> + Driver uses MTRR interface for mapping memory. Deprecated. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>DRIVER_PCI_DMA</term> + <listitem><para> + Driver is capable of PCI DMA. Deprecated. + </para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>DRIVER_SG</term> + <listitem><para> + Driver can perform scatter/gather DMA. Deprecated. + </para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>DRIVER_HAVE_DMA</term> + <listitem><para>Driver supports DMA. Deprecated.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>DRIVER_HAVE_IRQ</term><term>DRIVER_IRQ_SHARED</term> + <listitem> + <para> + DRIVER_HAVE_IRQ indicates whether the driver has a IRQ + handler, DRIVER_IRQ_SHARED indicates whether the device & + handler support shared IRQs (note that this is required of + PCI drivers). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>DRIVER_DMA_QUEUE</term> + <listitem> + <para> + If the driver queues DMA requests and completes them + asynchronously, this flag should be set. Deprecated. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>DRIVER_FB_DMA</term> + <listitem> + <para> + Driver supports DMA to/from the framebuffer. Deprecated. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>DRIVER_MODESET</term> + <listitem> + <para> + Driver supports mode setting interfaces. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + <para> + In this specific case, the driver requires AGP and supports + IRQs. DMA, as we'll see, is handled by device specific ioctls + in this case. It also supports the kernel mode setting APIs, though + unlike in the actual i915 driver source, this example unconditionally + exports KMS capability. + </para> + </sect1> + + <!-- Internals: driver load --> + + <sect1> + <title>Driver load</title> + <para> + In the previous section, we saw what a typical drm_driver + structure might look like. One of the more important fields in + the structure is the hook for the load function. + </para> + <programlisting> + static struct drm_driver driver = { + ... + .load = i915_driver_load, + ... + }; + </programlisting> + <para> + The load function has many responsibilities: allocating a driver + private structure, specifying supported performance counters, + configuring the device (e.g. mapping registers & command + buffers), initializing the memory manager, and setting up the + initial output configuration. + </para> + <para> + Note that the tasks performed at driver load time must not + conflict with DRM client requirements. For instance, if user + level mode setting drivers are in use, it would be problematic + to perform output discovery & configuration at load time. + Likewise, if pre-memory management aware user level drivers are + in use, memory management and command buffer setup may need to + be omitted. These requirements are driver specific, and care + needs to be taken to keep both old and new applications and + libraries working. The i915 driver supports the "modeset" + module parameter to control whether advanced features are + enabled at load time or in legacy fashion. If compatibility is + a concern (e.g. with drivers converted over to the new interfaces + from the old ones), care must be taken to prevent incompatible + device initialization and control with the currently active + userspace drivers. + </para> + + <sect2> + <title>Driver private & performance counters</title> + <para> + The driver private hangs off the main drm_device structure and + can be used for tracking various device specific bits of + information, like register offsets, command buffer status, + register state for suspend/resume, etc. At load time, a + driver can simply allocate one and set drm_device.dev_priv + appropriately; at unload the driver can free it and set + drm_device.dev_priv to NULL. + </para> + <para> + The DRM supports several counters which can be used for rough + performance characterization. Note that the DRM stat counter + system is not often used by applications, and supporting + additional counters is completely optional. + </para> + <para> + These interfaces are deprecated and should not be used. If performance + monitoring is desired, the developer should investigate and + potentially enhance the kernel perf and tracing infrastructure to export + GPU related performance information to performance monitoring + tools and applications. + </para> + </sect2> + + <sect2> + <title>Configuring the device</title> + <para> + Obviously, device configuration will be device specific. + However, there are several common operations: finding a + device's PCI resources, mapping them, and potentially setting + up an IRQ handler. + </para> + <para> + Finding & mapping resources is fairly straightforward. The + DRM wrapper functions, drm_get_resource_start() and + drm_get_resource_len() can be used to find BARs on the given + drm_device struct. Once those values have been retrieved, the + driver load function can call drm_addmap() to create a new + mapping for the BAR in question. Note you'll probably want a + drm_local_map_t in your driver private structure to track any + mappings you create. +<!-- !Fdrivers/gpu/drm/drm_bufs.c drm_get_resource_* --> +<!-- !Finclude/drm/drmP.h drm_local_map_t --> + </para> + <para> + if compatibility with other operating systems isn't a concern + (DRM drivers can run under various BSD variants and OpenSolaris), + native Linux calls can be used for the above, e.g. pci_resource_* + and iomap*/iounmap. See the Linux device driver book for more + info. + </para> + <para> + Once you have a register map, you can use the DRM_READn() and + DRM_WRITEn() macros to access the registers on your device, or + use driver specific versions to offset into your MMIO space + relative to a driver specific base pointer (see I915_READ for + example). + </para> + <para> + If your device supports interrupt generation, you may want to + setup an interrupt handler at driver load time as well. This + is done using the drm_irq_install() function. If your device + supports vertical blank interrupts, it should call + drm_vblank_init() to initialize the core vblank handling code before + enabling interrupts on your device. This ensures the vblank related + structures are allocated and allows the core to handle vblank events. + </para> +<!--!Fdrivers/char/drm/drm_irq.c drm_irq_install--> + <para> + Once your interrupt handler is registered (it'll use your + drm_driver.irq_handler as the actual interrupt handling + function), you can safely enable interrupts on your device, + assuming any other state your interrupt handler uses is also + initialized. + </para> + <para> + Another task that may be necessary during configuration is + mapping the video BIOS. On many devices, the VBIOS describes + device configuration, LCD panel timings (if any), and contains + flags indicating device state. Mapping the BIOS can be done + using the pci_map_rom() call, a convenience function that + takes care of mapping the actual ROM, whether it has been + shadowed into memory (typically at address 0xc0000) or exists + on the PCI device in the ROM BAR. Note that once you've + mapped the ROM and extracted any necessary information, be + sure to unmap it; on many devices the ROM address decoder is + shared with other BARs, so leaving it mapped can cause + undesired behavior like hangs or memory corruption. +<!--!Fdrivers/pci/rom.c pci_map_rom--> + </para> + </sect2> + + <sect2> + <title>Memory manager initialization</title> + <para> + In order to allocate command buffers, cursor memory, scanout + buffers, etc., as well as support the latest features provided + by packages like Mesa and the X.Org X server, your driver + should support a memory manager. + </para> + <para> + If your driver supports memory management (it should!), you'll + need to set that up at load time as well. How you intialize + it depends on which memory manager you're using, TTM or GEM. + </para> + <sect3> + <title>TTM initialization</title> + <para> + TTM (for Translation Table Manager) manages video memory and + aperture space for graphics devices. TTM supports both UMA devices + and devices with dedicated video RAM (VRAM), i.e. most discrete + graphics devices. If your device has dedicated RAM, supporting + TTM is desireable. TTM also integrates tightly with your + driver specific buffer execution function. See the radeon + driver for examples. + </para> + <para> + The core TTM structure is the ttm_bo_driver struct. It contains + several fields with function pointers for initializing the TTM, + allocating and freeing memory, waiting for command completion + and fence synchronization, and memory migration. See the + radeon_ttm.c file for an example of usage. + </para> + <para> + The ttm_global_reference structure is made up of several fields: + </para> + <programlisting> + struct ttm_global_reference { + enum ttm_global_types global_type; + size_t size; + void *object; + int (*init) (struct ttm_global_reference *); + void (*release) (struct ttm_global_reference *); + }; + </programlisting> + <para> + There should be one global reference structure for your memory + manager as a whole, and there will be others for each object + created by the memory manager at runtime. Your global TTM should + have a type of TTM_GLOBAL_TTM_MEM. The size field for the global + object should be sizeof(struct ttm_mem_global), and the init and + release hooks should point at your driver specific init and + release routines, which will probably eventually call + ttm_mem_global_init and ttm_mem_global_release respectively. + </para> + <para> + Once your global TTM accounting structure is set up and initialized + (done by calling ttm_global_item_ref on the global object you + just created), you'll need to create a buffer object TTM to + provide a pool for buffer object allocation by clients and the + kernel itself. The type of this object should be TTM_GLOBAL_TTM_BO, + and its size should be sizeof(struct ttm_bo_global). Again, + driver specific init and release functions can be provided, + likely eventually calling ttm_bo_global_init and + ttm_bo_global_release, respectively. Also like the previous + object, ttm_global_item_ref is used to create an initial reference + count for the TTM, which will call your initalization function. + </para> + </sect3> + <sect3> + <title>GEM initialization</title> + <para> + GEM is an alternative to TTM, designed specifically for UMA + devices. It has simpler initialization and execution requirements + than TTM, but has no VRAM management capability. Core GEM + initialization is comprised of a basic drm_mm_init call to create + a GTT DRM MM object, which provides an address space pool for + object allocation. In a KMS configuration, the driver will + need to allocate and initialize a command ring buffer following + basic GEM initialization. Most UMA devices have a so-called + "stolen" memory region, which provides space for the initial + framebuffer and large, contiguous memory regions required by the + device. This space is not typically managed by GEM, and must + be initialized separately into its own DRM MM object. + </para> + <para> + Initialization will be driver specific, and will depend on + the architecture of the device. In the case of Intel + integrated graphics chips like 965GM, GEM initialization can + be done by calling the internal GEM init function, + i915_gem_do_init(). Since the 965GM is a UMA device + (i.e. it doesn't have dedicated VRAM), GEM will manage + making regular RAM available for GPU operations. Memory set + aside by the BIOS (called "stolen" memory by the i915 + driver) will be managed by the DRM memrange allocator; the + rest of the aperture will be managed by GEM. + <programlisting> + /* Basic memrange allocator for stolen space (aka vram) */ + drm_memrange_init(&dev_priv->vram, 0, prealloc_size); + /* Let GEM Manage from end of prealloc space to end of aperture */ + i915_gem_do_init(dev, prealloc_size, agp_size); + </programlisting> +<!--!Edrivers/char/drm/drm_memrange.c--> + </para> + <para> + Once the memory manager has been set up, we can allocate the + command buffer. In the i915 case, this is also done with a + GEM function, i915_gem_init_ringbuffer(). + </para> + </sect3> + </sect2> + + <sect2> + <title>Output configuration</title> + <para> + The final initialization task is output configuration. This involves + finding and initializing the CRTCs, encoders and connectors + for your device, creating an initial configuration and + registering a framebuffer console driver. + </para> + <sect3> + <title>Output discovery and initialization</title> + <para> + Several core functions exist to create CRTCs, encoders and + connectors, namely drm_crtc_init(), drm_connector_init() and + drm_encoder_init(), along with several "helper" functions to + perform common tasks. + </para> + <para> + Connectors should be registered with sysfs once they've been + detected and initialized, using the + drm_sysfs_connector_add() function. Likewise, when they're + removed from the system, they should be destroyed with + drm_sysfs_connector_remove(). + </para> + <programlisting> +<![CDATA[ +void intel_crt_init(struct drm_device *dev) +{ + struct drm_connector *connector; + struct intel_output *intel_output; + + intel_output = kzalloc(sizeof(struct intel_output), GFP_KERNEL); + if (!intel_output) + return; + + connector = &intel_output->base; + drm_connector_init(dev, &intel_output->base, + &intel_crt_connector_funcs, DRM_MODE_CONNECTOR_VGA); + + drm_encoder_init(dev, &intel_output->enc, &intel_crt_enc_funcs, + DRM_MODE_ENCODER_DAC); + + drm_mode_connector_attach_encoder(&intel_output->base, + &intel_output->enc); + + /* Set up the DDC bus. */ + intel_output->ddc_bus = intel_i2c_create(dev, GPIOA, "CRTDDC_A"); + if (!intel_output->ddc_bus) { + dev_printk(KERN_ERR, &dev->pdev->dev, "DDC bus registration " + "failed.\n"); + return; + } + + intel_output->type = INTEL_OUTPUT_ANALOG; + connector->interlace_allowed = 0; + connector->doublescan_allowed = 0; + + drm_encoder_helper_add(&intel_output->enc, &intel_crt_helper_funcs); + drm_connector_helper_add(connector, &intel_crt_connector_helper_funcs); + + drm_sysfs_connector_add(connector); +} +]]> + </programlisting> + <para> + In the example above (again, taken from the i915 driver), a + CRT connector and encoder combination is created. A device + specific i2c bus is also created, for fetching EDID data and + performing monitor detection. Once the process is complete, + the new connector is regsitered with sysfs, to make its + properties available to applications. + </para> + <sect4> + <title>Helper functions and core functions</title> + <para> + Since many PC-class graphics devices have similar display output + designs, the DRM provides a set of helper functions to make + output management easier. The core helper routines handle + encoder re-routing and disabling of unused functions following + mode set. Using the helpers is optional, but recommended for + devices with PC-style architectures (i.e. a set of display planes + for feeding pixels to encoders which are in turn routed to + connectors). Devices with more complex requirements needing + finer grained management can opt to use the core callbacks + directly. + </para> + <para> + [Insert typical diagram here.] [Insert OMAP style config here.] + </para> + </sect4> + <para> + For each encoder, CRTC and connector, several functions must + be provided, depending on the object type. Encoder objects + need should provide a DPMS (basically on/off) function, mode fixup + (for converting requested modes into native hardware timings), + and prepare, set and commit functions for use by the core DRM + helper functions. Connector helpers need to provide mode fetch and + validity functions as well as an encoder matching function for + returing an ideal encoder for a given connector. The core + connector functions include a DPMS callback, (deprecated) + save/restore routines, detection, mode probing, property handling, + and cleanup functions. + </para> +<!--!Edrivers/char/drm/drm_crtc.h--> +<!--!Edrivers/char/drm/drm_crtc.c--> +<!--!Edrivers/char/drm/drm_crtc_helper.c--> + </sect3> + </sect2> + </sect1> + + <!-- Internals: vblank handling --> + + <sect1> + <title>VBlank event handling</title> + <para> + The DRM core exposes two vertical blank related ioctls: + DRM_IOCTL_WAIT_VBLANK and DRM_IOCTL_MODESET_CTL. +<!--!Edrivers/char/drm/drm_irq.c--> + </para> + <para> + DRM_IOCTL_WAIT_VBLANK takes a struct drm_wait_vblank structure + as its argument, and is used to block or request a signal when a + specified vblank event occurs. + </para> + <para> + DRM_IOCTL_MODESET_CTL should be called by application level + drivers before and after mode setting, since on many devices the + vertical blank counter will be reset at that time. Internally, + the DRM snapshots the last vblank count when the ioctl is called + with the _DRM_PRE_MODESET command so that the counter won't go + backwards (which is dealt with when _DRM_POST_MODESET is used). + </para> + <para> + To support the functions above, the DRM core provides several + helper functions for tracking vertical blank counters, and + requires drivers to provide several callbacks: + get_vblank_counter(), enable_vblank() and disable_vblank(). The + core uses get_vblank_counter() to keep the counter accurate + across interrupt disable periods. It should return the current + vertical blank event count, which is often tracked in a device + register. The enable and disable vblank callbacks should enable + and disable vertical blank interrupts, respectively. In the + absence of DRM clients waiting on vblank events, the core DRM + code will use the disable_vblank() function to disable + interrupts, which saves power. They'll be re-enabled again when + a client calls the vblank wait ioctl above. + </para> + <para> + Devices that don't provide a count register can simply use an + internal atomic counter incremented on every vertical blank + interrupt, and can make their enable and disable vblank + functions into no-ops. + </para> + </sect1> + + <sect1> + <title>Memory management</title> + <para> + The memory manager lies at the heart of many DRM operations, and + is also required to support advanced client features like OpenGL + pbuffers. The DRM currently contains two memory managers, TTM + and GEM. + </para> + + <sect2> + <title>The Translation Table Manager (TTM)</title> + <para> + TTM was developed by Tungsten Graphics, primarily by Thomas + Hellström, and is intended to be a flexible, high performance + graphics memory manager. + </para> + <para> + Drivers wishing to support TTM must fill out a drm_bo_driver + structure. + </para> + <para> + TTM design background and information belongs here. + </para> + </sect2> + + <sect2> + <title>The Graphics Execution Manager (GEM)</title> + <para> + GEM is an Intel project, authored by Eric Anholt and Keith + Packard. It provides simpler interfaces than TTM, and is well + suited for UMA devices. + </para> + <para> + GEM-enabled drivers must provide gem_init_object() and + gem_free_object() callbacks to support the core memory + allocation routines. They should also provide several driver + specific ioctls to support command execution, pinning, buffer + read & write, mapping, and domain ownership transfers. + </para> + <para> + On a fundamental level, GEM involves several operations: memory + allocation and freeing, command execution, and aperture management + at command execution time. Buffer object allocation is relatively + straightforward and largely provided by Linux's shmem layer, which + provides memory to back each object. When mapped into the GTT + or used in a command buffer, the backing pages for an object are + flushed to memory and marked write combined so as to be coherent + with the GPU. Likewise, when the GPU finishes rendering to an object, + if the CPU accesses it, it must be made coherent with the CPU's view + of memory, usually involving GPU cache flushing of various kinds. + This core CPU<->GPU coherency management is provided by the GEM + set domain function, which evaluates an object's current domain and + performs any necessary flushing or synchronization to put the object + into the desired coherency domain (note that the object may be busy, + i.e. an active render target; in that case the set domain function + will block the client and wait for rendering to complete before + performing any necessary flushing operations). + </para> + <para> + Perhaps the most important GEM function is providing a command + execution interface to clients. Client programs construct command + buffers containing references to previously allocated memory objects + and submit them to GEM. At that point, GEM will take care to bind + all the objects into the GTT, execute the buffer, and provide + necessary synchronization between clients accessing the same buffers. + This often involves evicting some objects from the GTT and re-binding + others (a fairly expensive operation), and providing relocation + support which hides fixed GTT offsets from clients. Clients must + take care not to submit command buffers that reference more objects + than can fit in the GTT or GEM will reject them and no rendering + will occur. Similarly, if several objects in the buffer require + fence registers to be allocated for correct rendering (e.g. 2D blits + on pre-965 chips), care must be taken not to require more fence + registers than are available to the client. Such resource management + should be abstracted from the client in libdrm. + </para> + </sect2> + + </sect1> + + <!-- Output management --> + <sect1> + <title>Output management</title> + <para> + At the core of the DRM output management code is a set of + structures representing CRTCs, encoders and connectors. + </para> + <para> + A CRTC is an abstraction representing a part of the chip that + contains a pointer to a scanout buffer. Therefore, the number + of CRTCs available determines how many independent scanout + buffers can be active at any given time. The CRTC structure + contains several fields to support this: a pointer to some video + memory, a display mode, and an (x, y) offset into the video + memory to support panning or configurations where one piece of + video memory spans multiple CRTCs. + </para> + <para> + An encoder takes pixel data from a CRTC and converts it to a + format suitable for any attached connectors. On some devices, + it may be possible to have a CRTC send data to more than one + encoder. In that case, both encoders would receive data from + the same scanout buffer, resulting in a "cloned" display + configuration across the connectors attached to each encoder. + </para> + <para> + A connector is the final destination for pixel data on a device, + and usually connects directly to an external display device like + a monitor or laptop panel. A connector can only be attached to + one encoder at a time. The connector is also the structure + where information about the attached display is kept, so it + contains fields for display data, EDID data, DPMS & + connection status, and information about modes supported on the + attached displays. + </para> +<!--!Edrivers/char/drm/drm_crtc.c--> + </sect1> + + <sect1> + <title>Framebuffer management</title> + <para> + In order to set a mode on a given CRTC, encoder and connector + configuration, clients need to provide a framebuffer object which + will provide a source of pixels for the CRTC to deliver to the encoder(s) + and ultimately the connector(s) in the configuration. A framebuffer + is fundamentally a driver specific memory object, made into an opaque + handle by the DRM addfb function. Once an fb has been created this + way it can be passed to the KMS mode setting routines for use in + a configuration. + </para> + </sect1> + + <sect1> + <title>Command submission & fencing</title> + <para> + This should cover a few device specific command submission + implementations. + </para> + </sect1> + + <sect1> + <title>Suspend/resume</title> + <para> + The DRM core provides some suspend/resume code, but drivers + wanting full suspend/resume support should provide save() and + restore() functions. These will be called at suspend, + hibernate, or resume time, and should perform any state save or + restore required by your device across suspend or hibernate + states. + </para> + </sect1> + + <sect1> + <title>DMA services</title> + <para> + This should cover how DMA mapping etc. is supported by the core. + These functions are deprecated and should not be used. + </para> + </sect1> + </chapter> + + <!-- External interfaces --> + + <chapter id="drmExternals"> + <title>Userland interfaces</title> + <para> + The DRM core exports several interfaces to applications, + generally intended to be used through corresponding libdrm + wrapper functions. In addition, drivers export device specific + interfaces for use by userspace drivers & device aware + applications through ioctls and sysfs files. + </para> + <para> + External interfaces include: memory mapping, context management, + DMA operations, AGP management, vblank control, fence + management, memory management, and output management. + </para> + <para> + Cover generic ioctls and sysfs layout here. Only need high + level info, since man pages will cover the rest. + </para> + </chapter> + + <!-- API reference --> + + <appendix id="drmDriverApi"> + <title>DRM Driver API</title> + <para> + Include auto-generated API reference here (need to reference it + from paragraphs above too). + </para> + </appendix> + +</book> |