diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'arch/x86/kernel/kprobes-opt.c')
| -rw-r--r-- | arch/x86/kernel/kprobes-opt.c | 512 |
1 files changed, 512 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/kprobes-opt.c b/arch/x86/kernel/kprobes-opt.c new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..c5e410eed403 --- /dev/null +++ b/arch/x86/kernel/kprobes-opt.c @@ -0,0 +1,512 @@ +/* + * Kernel Probes Jump Optimization (Optprobes) + * + * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify + * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by + * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or + * (at your option) any later version. + * + * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, + * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of + * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the + * GNU General Public License for more details. + * + * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License + * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software + * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. + * + * Copyright (C) IBM Corporation, 2002, 2004 + * Copyright (C) Hitachi Ltd., 2012 + */ +#include <linux/kprobes.h> +#include <linux/ptrace.h> +#include <linux/string.h> +#include <linux/slab.h> +#include <linux/hardirq.h> +#include <linux/preempt.h> +#include <linux/module.h> +#include <linux/kdebug.h> +#include <linux/kallsyms.h> +#include <linux/ftrace.h> + +#include <asm/cacheflush.h> +#include <asm/desc.h> +#include <asm/pgtable.h> +#include <asm/uaccess.h> +#include <asm/alternative.h> +#include <asm/insn.h> +#include <asm/debugreg.h> + +#include "kprobes-common.h" + +unsigned long __recover_optprobed_insn(kprobe_opcode_t *buf, unsigned long addr) +{ + struct optimized_kprobe *op; + struct kprobe *kp; + long offs; + int i; + + for (i = 0; i < RELATIVEJUMP_SIZE; i++) { + kp = get_kprobe((void *)addr - i); + /* This function only handles jump-optimized kprobe */ + if (kp && kprobe_optimized(kp)) { + op = container_of(kp, struct optimized_kprobe, kp); + /* If op->list is not empty, op is under optimizing */ + if (list_empty(&op->list)) + goto found; + } + } + + return addr; +found: + /* + * If the kprobe can be optimized, original bytes which can be + * overwritten by jump destination address. In this case, original + * bytes must be recovered from op->optinsn.copied_insn buffer. + */ + memcpy(buf, (void *)addr, MAX_INSN_SIZE * sizeof(kprobe_opcode_t)); + if (addr == (unsigned long)kp->addr) { + buf[0] = kp->opcode; + memcpy(buf + 1, op->optinsn.copied_insn, RELATIVE_ADDR_SIZE); + } else { + offs = addr - (unsigned long)kp->addr - 1; + memcpy(buf, op->optinsn.copied_insn + offs, RELATIVE_ADDR_SIZE - offs); + } + + return (unsigned long)buf; +} + +/* Insert a move instruction which sets a pointer to eax/rdi (1st arg). */ +static void __kprobes synthesize_set_arg1(kprobe_opcode_t *addr, unsigned long val) +{ +#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64 + *addr++ = 0x48; + *addr++ = 0xbf; +#else + *addr++ = 0xb8; +#endif + *(unsigned long *)addr = val; +} + +static void __used __kprobes kprobes_optinsn_template_holder(void) +{ + asm volatile ( + ".global optprobe_template_entry\n" + "optprobe_template_entry:\n" +#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64 + /* We don't bother saving the ss register */ + " pushq %rsp\n" + " pushfq\n" + SAVE_REGS_STRING + " movq %rsp, %rsi\n" + ".global optprobe_template_val\n" + "optprobe_template_val:\n" + ASM_NOP5 + ASM_NOP5 + ".global optprobe_template_call\n" + "optprobe_template_call:\n" + ASM_NOP5 + /* Move flags to rsp */ + " movq 144(%rsp), %rdx\n" + " movq %rdx, 152(%rsp)\n" + RESTORE_REGS_STRING + /* Skip flags entry */ + " addq $8, %rsp\n" + " popfq\n" +#else /* CONFIG_X86_32 */ + " pushf\n" + SAVE_REGS_STRING + " movl %esp, %edx\n" + ".global optprobe_template_val\n" + "optprobe_template_val:\n" + ASM_NOP5 + ".global optprobe_template_call\n" + "optprobe_template_call:\n" + ASM_NOP5 + RESTORE_REGS_STRING + " addl $4, %esp\n" /* skip cs */ + " popf\n" +#endif + ".global optprobe_template_end\n" + "optprobe_template_end:\n"); +} + +#define TMPL_MOVE_IDX \ + ((long)&optprobe_template_val - (long)&optprobe_template_entry) +#define TMPL_CALL_IDX \ + ((long)&optprobe_template_call - (long)&optprobe_template_entry) +#define TMPL_END_IDX \ + ((long)&optprobe_template_end - (long)&optprobe_template_entry) + +#define INT3_SIZE sizeof(kprobe_opcode_t) + +/* Optimized kprobe call back function: called from optinsn */ +static void __kprobes optimized_callback(struct optimized_kprobe *op, struct pt_regs *regs) +{ + struct kprobe_ctlblk *kcb = get_kprobe_ctlblk(); + unsigned long flags; + + /* This is possible if op is under delayed unoptimizing */ + if (kprobe_disabled(&op->kp)) + return; + + local_irq_save(flags); + if (kprobe_running()) { + kprobes_inc_nmissed_count(&op->kp); + } else { + /* Save skipped registers */ +#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64 + regs->cs = __KERNEL_CS; +#else + regs->cs = __KERNEL_CS | get_kernel_rpl(); + regs->gs = 0; +#endif + regs->ip = (unsigned long)op->kp.addr + INT3_SIZE; + regs->orig_ax = ~0UL; + + __this_cpu_write(current_kprobe, &op->kp); + kcb->kprobe_status = KPROBE_HIT_ACTIVE; + opt_pre_handler(&op->kp, regs); + __this_cpu_write(current_kprobe, NULL); + } + local_irq_restore(flags); +} + +static int __kprobes copy_optimized_instructions(u8 *dest, u8 *src) +{ + int len = 0, ret; + + while (len < RELATIVEJUMP_SIZE) { + ret = __copy_instruction(dest + len, src + len); + if (!ret || !can_boost(dest + len)) + return -EINVAL; + len += ret; + } + /* Check whether the address range is reserved */ + if (ftrace_text_reserved(src, src + len - 1) || + alternatives_text_reserved(src, src + len - 1) || + jump_label_text_reserved(src, src + len - 1)) + return -EBUSY; + + return len; +} + +/* Check whether insn is indirect jump */ +static int __kprobes insn_is_indirect_jump(struct insn *insn) +{ + return ((insn->opcode.bytes[0] == 0xff && + (X86_MODRM_REG(insn->modrm.value) & 6) == 4) || /* Jump */ + insn->opcode.bytes[0] == 0xea); /* Segment based jump */ +} + +/* Check whether insn jumps into specified address range */ +static int insn_jump_into_range(struct insn *insn, unsigned long start, int len) +{ + unsigned long target = 0; + + switch (insn->opcode.bytes[0]) { + case 0xe0: /* loopne */ + case 0xe1: /* loope */ + case 0xe2: /* loop */ + case 0xe3: /* jcxz */ + case 0xe9: /* near relative jump */ + case 0xeb: /* short relative jump */ + break; + case 0x0f: + if ((insn->opcode.bytes[1] & 0xf0) == 0x80) /* jcc near */ + break; + return 0; + default: + if ((insn->opcode.bytes[0] & 0xf0) == 0x70) /* jcc short */ + break; + return 0; + } + target = (unsigned long)insn->next_byte + insn->immediate.value; + + return (start <= target && target <= start + len); +} + +/* Decode whole function to ensure any instructions don't jump into target */ +static int __kprobes can_optimize(unsigned long paddr) +{ + unsigned long addr, size = 0, offset = 0; + struct insn insn; + kprobe_opcode_t buf[MAX_INSN_SIZE]; + + /* Lookup symbol including addr */ + if (!kallsyms_lookup_size_offset(paddr, &size, &offset)) + return 0; + + /* + * Do not optimize in the entry code due to the unstable + * stack handling. + */ + if ((paddr >= (unsigned long)__entry_text_start) && + (paddr < (unsigned long)__entry_text_end)) + return 0; + + /* Check there is enough space for a relative jump. */ + if (size - offset < RELATIVEJUMP_SIZE) + return 0; + + /* Decode instructions */ + addr = paddr - offset; + while (addr < paddr - offset + size) { /* Decode until function end */ + if (search_exception_tables(addr)) + /* + * Since some fixup code will jumps into this function, + * we can't optimize kprobe in this function. + */ + return 0; + kernel_insn_init(&insn, (void *)recover_probed_instruction(buf, addr)); + insn_get_length(&insn); + /* Another subsystem puts a breakpoint */ + if (insn.opcode.bytes[0] == BREAKPOINT_INSTRUCTION) + return 0; + /* Recover address */ + insn.kaddr = (void *)addr; + insn.next_byte = (void *)(addr + insn.length); + /* Check any instructions don't jump into target */ + if (insn_is_indirect_jump(&insn) || + insn_jump_into_range(&insn, paddr + INT3_SIZE, + RELATIVE_ADDR_SIZE)) + return 0; + addr += insn.length; + } + + return 1; +} + +/* Check optimized_kprobe can actually be optimized. */ +int __kprobes arch_check_optimized_kprobe(struct optimized_kprobe *op) +{ + int i; + struct kprobe *p; + + for (i = 1; i < op->optinsn.size; i++) { + p = get_kprobe(op->kp.addr + i); + if (p && !kprobe_disabled(p)) + return -EEXIST; + } + + return 0; +} + +/* Check the addr is within the optimized instructions. */ +int __kprobes +arch_within_optimized_kprobe(struct optimized_kprobe *op, unsigned long addr) +{ + return ((unsigned long)op->kp.addr <= addr && + (unsigned long)op->kp.addr + op->optinsn.size > addr); +} + +/* Free optimized instruction slot */ +static __kprobes +void __arch_remove_optimized_kprobe(struct optimized_kprobe *op, int dirty) +{ + if (op->optinsn.insn) { + free_optinsn_slot(op->optinsn.insn, dirty); + op->optinsn.insn = NULL; + op->optinsn.size = 0; + } +} + +void __kprobes arch_remove_optimized_kprobe(struct optimized_kprobe *op) +{ + __arch_remove_optimized_kprobe(op, 1); +} + +/* + * Copy replacing target instructions + * Target instructions MUST be relocatable (checked inside) + * This is called when new aggr(opt)probe is allocated or reused. + */ +int __kprobes arch_prepare_optimized_kprobe(struct optimized_kprobe *op) +{ + u8 *buf; + int ret; + long rel; + + if (!can_optimize((unsigned long)op->kp.addr)) + return -EILSEQ; + + op->optinsn.insn = get_optinsn_slot(); + if (!op->optinsn.insn) + return -ENOMEM; + + /* + * Verify if the address gap is in 2GB range, because this uses + * a relative jump. + */ + rel = (long)op->optinsn.insn - (long)op->kp.addr + RELATIVEJUMP_SIZE; + if (abs(rel) > 0x7fffffff) + return -ERANGE; + + buf = (u8 *)op->optinsn.insn; + + /* Copy instructions into the out-of-line buffer */ + ret = copy_optimized_instructions(buf + TMPL_END_IDX, op->kp.addr); + if (ret < 0) { + __arch_remove_optimized_kprobe(op, 0); + return ret; + } + op->optinsn.size = ret; + + /* Copy arch-dep-instance from template */ + memcpy(buf, &optprobe_template_entry, TMPL_END_IDX); + + /* Set probe information */ + synthesize_set_arg1(buf + TMPL_MOVE_IDX, (unsigned long)op); + + /* Set probe function call */ + synthesize_relcall(buf + TMPL_CALL_IDX, optimized_callback); + + /* Set returning jmp instruction at the tail of out-of-line buffer */ + synthesize_reljump(buf + TMPL_END_IDX + op->optinsn.size, + (u8 *)op->kp.addr + op->optinsn.size); + + flush_icache_range((unsigned long) buf, + (unsigned long) buf + TMPL_END_IDX + + op->optinsn.size + RELATIVEJUMP_SIZE); + return 0; +} + +#define MAX_OPTIMIZE_PROBES 256 +static struct text_poke_param *jump_poke_params; +static struct jump_poke_buffer { + u8 buf[RELATIVEJUMP_SIZE]; +} *jump_poke_bufs; + +static void __kprobes setup_optimize_kprobe(struct text_poke_param *tprm, + u8 *insn_buf, + struct optimized_kprobe *op) +{ + s32 rel = (s32)((long)op->optinsn.insn - + ((long)op->kp.addr + RELATIVEJUMP_SIZE)); + + /* Backup instructions which will be replaced by jump address */ + memcpy(op->optinsn.copied_insn, op->kp.addr + INT3_SIZE, + RELATIVE_ADDR_SIZE); + + insn_buf[0] = RELATIVEJUMP_OPCODE; + *(s32 *)(&insn_buf[1]) = rel; + + tprm->addr = op->kp.addr; + tprm->opcode = insn_buf; + tprm->len = RELATIVEJUMP_SIZE; +} + +/* + * Replace breakpoints (int3) with relative jumps. + * Caller must call with locking kprobe_mutex and text_mutex. + */ +void __kprobes arch_optimize_kprobes(struct list_head *oplist) +{ + struct optimized_kprobe *op, *tmp; + int c = 0; + + list_for_each_entry_safe(op, tmp, oplist, list) { + WARN_ON(kprobe_disabled(&op->kp)); + /* Setup param */ + setup_optimize_kprobe(&jump_poke_params[c], + jump_poke_bufs[c].buf, op); + list_del_init(&op->list); + if (++c >= MAX_OPTIMIZE_PROBES) + break; + } + + /* + * text_poke_smp doesn't support NMI/MCE code modifying. + * However, since kprobes itself also doesn't support NMI/MCE + * code probing, it's not a problem. + */ + text_poke_smp_batch(jump_poke_params, c); +} + +static void __kprobes setup_unoptimize_kprobe(struct text_poke_param *tprm, + u8 *insn_buf, + struct optimized_kprobe *op) +{ + /* Set int3 to first byte for kprobes */ + insn_buf[0] = BREAKPOINT_INSTRUCTION; + memcpy(insn_buf + 1, op->optinsn.copied_insn, RELATIVE_ADDR_SIZE); + + tprm->addr = op->kp.addr; + tprm->opcode = insn_buf; + tprm->len = RELATIVEJUMP_SIZE; +} + +/* + * Recover original instructions and breakpoints from relative jumps. + * Caller must call with locking kprobe_mutex. + */ +extern void arch_unoptimize_kprobes(struct list_head *oplist, + struct list_head *done_list) +{ + struct optimized_kprobe *op, *tmp; + int c = 0; + + list_for_each_entry_safe(op, tmp, oplist, list) { + /* Setup param */ + setup_unoptimize_kprobe(&jump_poke_params[c], + jump_poke_bufs[c].buf, op); + list_move(&op->list, done_list); + if (++c >= MAX_OPTIMIZE_PROBES) + break; + } + + /* + * text_poke_smp doesn't support NMI/MCE code modifying. + * However, since kprobes itself also doesn't support NMI/MCE + * code probing, it's not a problem. + */ + text_poke_smp_batch(jump_poke_params, c); +} + +/* Replace a relative jump with a breakpoint (int3). */ +void __kprobes arch_unoptimize_kprobe(struct optimized_kprobe *op) +{ + u8 buf[RELATIVEJUMP_SIZE]; + + /* Set int3 to first byte for kprobes */ + buf[0] = BREAKPOINT_INSTRUCTION; + memcpy(buf + 1, op->optinsn.copied_insn, RELATIVE_ADDR_SIZE); + text_poke_smp(op->kp.addr, buf, RELATIVEJUMP_SIZE); +} + +int __kprobes +setup_detour_execution(struct kprobe *p, struct pt_regs *regs, int reenter) +{ + struct optimized_kprobe *op; + + if (p->flags & KPROBE_FLAG_OPTIMIZED) { + /* This kprobe is really able to run optimized path. */ + op = container_of(p, struct optimized_kprobe, kp); + /* Detour through copied instructions */ + regs->ip = (unsigned long)op->optinsn.insn + TMPL_END_IDX; + if (!reenter) + reset_current_kprobe(); + preempt_enable_no_resched(); + return 1; + } + return 0; +} + +int __kprobes arch_init_optprobes(void) +{ + /* Allocate code buffer and parameter array */ + jump_poke_bufs = kmalloc(sizeof(struct jump_poke_buffer) * + MAX_OPTIMIZE_PROBES, GFP_KERNEL); + if (!jump_poke_bufs) + return -ENOMEM; + + jump_poke_params = kmalloc(sizeof(struct text_poke_param) * + MAX_OPTIMIZE_PROBES, GFP_KERNEL); + if (!jump_poke_params) { + kfree(jump_poke_bufs); + jump_poke_bufs = NULL; + return -ENOMEM; + } + + return 0; +} |