1 files changed, 424 insertions, 164 deletions

diff --git a/kernel/sysctl.c b/kernel/sysctl.c
index 8686b0f5fc12..4c93486b45d1 100644
--- a/kernel/sysctl.c
+++ b/kernel/sysctl.c
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@
 #include <linux/slow-work.h>
 #include <linux/perf_event.h>
 #include <linux/kprobes.h>
+#include <linux/pipe_fs_i.h>
 
 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
 #include <asm/processor.h>
@@ -163,6 +164,27 @@ static int proc_taint(struct ctl_table *table, int write,
 			       void __user *buffer, size_t *lenp, loff_t *ppos);
 #endif
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_MAGIC_SYSRQ
+static int __sysrq_enabled; /* Note: sysrq code ises it's own private copy */
+
+static int sysrq_sysctl_handler(ctl_table *table, int write,
+				void __user *buffer, size_t *lenp,
+				loff_t *ppos)
+{
+	int error;
+
+	error = proc_dointvec(table, write, buffer, lenp, ppos);
+	if (error)
+		return error;
+
+	if (write)
+		sysrq_toggle_support(__sysrq_enabled);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#endif
+
 static struct ctl_table root_table[];
 static struct ctl_table_root sysctl_table_root;
 static struct ctl_table_header root_table_header = {
@@ -567,7 +589,7 @@ static struct ctl_table kern_table[] = {
 		.data		= &__sysrq_enabled,
 		.maxlen		= sizeof (int),
 		.mode		= 0644,
-		.proc_handler	= proc_dointvec,
+		.proc_handler	= sysrq_sysctl_handler,
 	},
 #endif
 #ifdef CONFIG_PROC_SYSCTL
@@ -621,7 +643,7 @@ static struct ctl_table kern_table[] = {
 #endif
 	{
 		.procname	= "userprocess_debug",
-		.data		= &sysctl_userprocess_debug,
+		.data		= &show_unhandled_signals,
 		.maxlen		= sizeof(int),
 		.mode		= 0644,
 		.proc_handler	= proc_dointvec,
@@ -1423,6 +1445,14 @@ static struct ctl_table fs_table[] = {
 		.child		= binfmt_misc_table,
 	},
 #endif
+	{
+		.procname	= "pipe-max-pages",
+		.data		= &pipe_max_pages,
+		.maxlen		= sizeof(int),
+		.mode		= 0644,
+		.proc_handler	= &proc_dointvec_minmax,
+		.extra1		= &two,
+	},
 /*
  * NOTE: do not add new entries to this table unless you have read
  * Documentation/sysctl/ctl_unnumbered.txt
@@ -1431,7 +1461,8 @@ static struct ctl_table fs_table[] = {
 };
 
 static struct ctl_table debug_table[] = {
-#if defined(CONFIG_X86) || defined(CONFIG_PPC) || defined(CONFIG_SPARC)
+#if defined(CONFIG_X86) || defined(CONFIG_PPC) || defined(CONFIG_SPARC) || \
+    defined(CONFIG_S390)
 	{
 		.procname	= "exception-trace",
 		.data		= &show_unhandled_signals,
@@ -2040,8 +2071,132 @@ int proc_dostring(struct ctl_table *table, int write,
 			       buffer, lenp, ppos);
 }
 
+static size_t proc_skip_spaces(char **buf)
+{
+	size_t ret;
+	char *tmp = skip_spaces(*buf);
+	ret = tmp - *buf;
+	*buf = tmp;
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static void proc_skip_char(char **buf, size_t *size, const char v)
+{
+	while (*size) {
+		if (**buf != v)
+			break;
+		(*size)--;
+		(*buf)++;
+	}
+}
+
+#define TMPBUFLEN 22
+/**
+ * proc_get_long - reads an ASCII formatted integer from a user buffer
+ *
+ * @buf: a kernel buffer
+ * @size: size of the kernel buffer
+ * @val: this is where the number will be stored
+ * @neg: set to %TRUE if number is negative
+ * @perm_tr: a vector which contains the allowed trailers
+ * @perm_tr_len: size of the perm_tr vector
+ * @tr: pointer to store the trailer character
+ *
+ * In case of success %0 is returned and @buf and @size are updated with
+ * the amount of bytes read. If @tr is non-NULL and a trailing
+ * character exists (size is non-zero after returning from this
+ * function), @tr is updated with the trailing character.
+ */
+static int proc_get_long(char **buf, size_t *size,
+			  unsigned long *val, bool *neg,
+			  const char *perm_tr, unsigned perm_tr_len, char *tr)
+{
+	int len;
+	char *p, tmp[TMPBUFLEN];
+
+	if (!*size)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	len = *size;
+	if (len > TMPBUFLEN - 1)
+		len = TMPBUFLEN - 1;
+
+	memcpy(tmp, *buf, len);
+
+	tmp[len] = 0;
+	p = tmp;
+	if (*p == '-' && *size > 1) {
+		*neg = true;
+		p++;
+	} else
+		*neg = false;
+	if (!isdigit(*p))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	*val = simple_strtoul(p, &p, 0);
+
+	len = p - tmp;
+
+	/* We don't know if the next char is whitespace thus we may accept
+	 * invalid integers (e.g. 1234...a) or two integers instead of one
+	 * (e.g. 123...1). So lets not allow such large numbers. */
+	if (len == TMPBUFLEN - 1)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	if (len < *size && perm_tr_len && !memchr(perm_tr, *p, perm_tr_len))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	if (tr && (len < *size))
+		*tr = *p;
+
+	*buf += len;
+	*size -= len;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * proc_put_long - converts an integer to a decimal ASCII formatted string
+ *
+ * @buf: the user buffer
+ * @size: the size of the user buffer
+ * @val: the integer to be converted
+ * @neg: sign of the number, %TRUE for negative
+ *
+ * In case of success %0 is returned and @buf and @size are updated with
+ * the amount of bytes written.
+ */
+static int proc_put_long(void __user **buf, size_t *size, unsigned long val,
+			  bool neg)
+{
+	int len;
+	char tmp[TMPBUFLEN], *p = tmp;
+
+	sprintf(p, "%s%lu", neg ? "-" : "", val);
+	len = strlen(tmp);
+	if (len > *size)
+		len = *size;
+	if (copy_to_user(*buf, tmp, len))
+		return -EFAULT;
+	*size -= len;
+	*buf += len;
+	return 0;
+}
+#undef TMPBUFLEN
+
+static int proc_put_char(void __user **buf, size_t *size, char c)
+{
+	if (*size) {
+		char __user **buffer = (char __user **)buf;
+		if (put_user(c, *buffer))
+			return -EFAULT;
+		(*size)--, (*buffer)++;
+		*buf = *buffer;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
 
-static int do_proc_dointvec_conv(int *negp, unsigned long *lvalp,
+static int do_proc_dointvec_conv(bool *negp, unsigned long *lvalp,
 				 int *valp,
 				 int write, void *data)
 {
@@ -2050,33 +2205,31 @@ static int do_proc_dointvec_conv(int *negp, unsigned long *lvalp,
 	} else {
 		int val = *valp;
 		if (val < 0) {
-			*negp = -1;
+			*negp = true;
 			*lvalp = (unsigned long)-val;
 		} else {
-			*negp = 0;
+			*negp = false;
 			*lvalp = (unsigned long)val;
 		}
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static const char proc_wspace_sep[] = { ' ', '\t', '\n' };
+
 static int __do_proc_dointvec(void *tbl_data, struct ctl_table *table,
 		  int write, void __user *buffer,
 		  size_t *lenp, loff_t *ppos,
-		  int (*conv)(int *negp, unsigned long *lvalp, int *valp,
+		  int (*conv)(bool *negp, unsigned long *lvalp, int *valp,
 			      int write, void *data),
 		  void *data)
 {
-#define TMPBUFLEN 21
-	int *i, vleft, first = 1, neg;
-	unsigned long lval;
-	size_t left, len;
+	int *i, vleft, first = 1, err = 0;
+	unsigned long page = 0;
+	size_t left;
+	char *kbuf;
 	
-	char buf[TMPBUFLEN], *p;
-	char __user *s = buffer;
-	
-	if (!tbl_data || !table->maxlen || !*lenp ||
-	    (*ppos && !write)) {
+	if (!tbl_data || !table->maxlen || !*lenp || (*ppos && !write)) {
 		*lenp = 0;
 		return 0;
 	}
@@ -2088,89 +2241,69 @@ static int __do_proc_dointvec(void *tbl_data, struct ctl_table *table,
 	if (!conv)
 		conv = do_proc_dointvec_conv;
 
+	if (write) {
+		if (left > PAGE_SIZE - 1)
+			left = PAGE_SIZE - 1;
+		page = __get_free_page(GFP_TEMPORARY);
+		kbuf = (char *) page;
+		if (!kbuf)
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		if (copy_from_user(kbuf, buffer, left)) {
+			err = -EFAULT;
+			goto free;
+		}
+		kbuf[left] = 0;
+	}
+
 	for (; left && vleft--; i++, first=0) {
-		if (write) {
-			while (left) {
-				char c;
-				if (get_user(c, s))
-					return -EFAULT;
-				if (!isspace(c))
-					break;
-				left--;
-				s++;
-			}
-			if (!left)
-				break;
-			neg = 0;
-			len = left;
-			if (len > sizeof(buf) - 1)
-				len = sizeof(buf) - 1;
-			if (copy_from_user(buf, s, len))
-				return -EFAULT;
-			buf[len] = 0;
-			p = buf;
-			if (*p == '-' && left > 1) {
-				neg = 1;
-				p++;
-			}
-			if (*p < '0' || *p > '9')
-				break;
+		unsigned long lval;
+		bool neg;
 
-			lval = simple_strtoul(p, &p, 0);
+		if (write) {
+			left -= proc_skip_spaces(&kbuf);
 
-			len = p-buf;
-			if ((len < left) && *p && !isspace(*p))
+			err = proc_get_long(&kbuf, &left, &lval, &neg,
+					     proc_wspace_sep,
+					     sizeof(proc_wspace_sep), NULL);
+			if (err)
 				break;
-			s += len;
-			left -= len;
-
-			if (conv(&neg, &lval, i, 1, data))
+			if (conv(&neg, &lval, i, 1, data)) {
+				err = -EINVAL;
 				break;
+			}
 		} else {
-			p = buf;
+			if (conv(&neg, &lval, i, 0, data)) {
+				err = -EINVAL;
+				break;
+			}
 			if (!first)
-				*p++ = '\t';
-	
-			if (conv(&neg, &lval, i, 0, data))
+				err = proc_put_char(&buffer, &left, '\t');
+			if (err)
+				break;
+			err = proc_put_long(&buffer, &left, lval, neg);
+			if (err)
 				break;
-
-			sprintf(p, "%s%lu", neg ? "-" : "", lval);
-			len = strlen(buf);
-			if (len > left)
-				len = left;
-			if(copy_to_user(s, buf, len))
-				return -EFAULT;
-			left -= len;
-			s += len;
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (!write && !first && left) {
-		if(put_user('\n', s))
-			return -EFAULT;
-		left--, s++;
-	}
+	if (!write && !first && left && !err)
+		err = proc_put_char(&buffer, &left, '\n');
+	if (write && !err)
+		left -= proc_skip_spaces(&kbuf);
+free:
 	if (write) {
-		while (left) {
-			char c;
-			if (get_user(c, s++))
-				return -EFAULT;
-			if (!isspace(c))
-				break;
-			left--;
-		}
+		free_page(page);
+		if (first)
+			return err ? : -EINVAL;
 	}
-	if (write && first)
-		return -EINVAL;
 	*lenp -= left;
 	*ppos += *lenp;
-	return 0;
-#undef TMPBUFLEN
+	return err;
 }
 
 static int do_proc_dointvec(struct ctl_table *table, int write,
 		  void __user *buffer, size_t *lenp, loff_t *ppos,
-		  int (*conv)(int *negp, unsigned long *lvalp, int *valp,
+		  int (*conv)(bool *negp, unsigned long *lvalp, int *valp,
 			      int write, void *data),
 		  void *data)
 {
@@ -2238,8 +2371,8 @@ struct do_proc_dointvec_minmax_conv_param {
 	int *max;
 };
 
-static int do_proc_dointvec_minmax_conv(int *negp, unsigned long *lvalp, 
-					int *valp, 
+static int do_proc_dointvec_minmax_conv(bool *negp, unsigned long *lvalp,
+					int *valp,
 					int write, void *data)
 {
 	struct do_proc_dointvec_minmax_conv_param *param = data;
@@ -2252,10 +2385,10 @@ static int do_proc_dointvec_minmax_conv(int *negp, unsigned long *lvalp,
 	} else {
 		int val = *valp;
 		if (val < 0) {
-			*negp = -1;
+			*negp = true;
 			*lvalp = (unsigned long)-val;
 		} else {
-			*negp = 0;
+			*negp = false;
 			*lvalp = (unsigned long)val;
 		}
 	}
@@ -2295,102 +2428,78 @@ static int __do_proc_doulongvec_minmax(void *data, struct ctl_table *table, int
 				     unsigned long convmul,
 				     unsigned long convdiv)
 {
-#define TMPBUFLEN 21
-	unsigned long *i, *min, *max, val;
-	int vleft, first=1, neg;
-	size_t len, left;
-	char buf[TMPBUFLEN], *p;
-	char __user *s = buffer;
-	
-	if (!data || !table->maxlen || !*lenp ||
-	    (*ppos && !write)) {
+	unsigned long *i, *min, *max;
+	int vleft, first = 1, err = 0;
+	unsigned long page = 0;
+	size_t left;
+	char *kbuf;
+
+	if (!data || !table->maxlen || !*lenp || (*ppos && !write)) {
 		*lenp = 0;
 		return 0;
 	}
-	
+
 	i = (unsigned long *) data;
 	min = (unsigned long *) table->extra1;
 	max = (unsigned long *) table->extra2;
 	vleft = table->maxlen / sizeof(unsigned long);
 	left = *lenp;
-	
+
+	if (write) {
+		if (left > PAGE_SIZE - 1)
+			left = PAGE_SIZE - 1;
+		page = __get_free_page(GFP_TEMPORARY);
+		kbuf = (char *) page;
+		if (!kbuf)
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		if (copy_from_user(kbuf, buffer, left)) {
+			err = -EFAULT;
+			goto free;
+		}
+		kbuf[left] = 0;
+	}
+
 	for (; left && vleft--; i++, min++, max++, first=0) {
+		unsigned long val;
+
 		if (write) {
-			while (left) {
-				char c;
-				if (get_user(c, s))
-					return -EFAULT;
-				if (!isspace(c))
-					break;
-				left--;
-				s++;
-			}
-			if (!left)
-				break;
-			neg = 0;
-			len = left;
-			if (len > TMPBUFLEN-1)
-				len = TMPBUFLEN-1;
-			if (copy_from_user(buf, s, len))
-				return -EFAULT;
-			buf[len] = 0;
-			p = buf;
-			if (*p == '-' && left > 1) {
-				neg = 1;
-				p++;
-			}
-			if (*p < '0' || *p > '9')
-				break;
-			val = simple_strtoul(p, &p, 0) * convmul / convdiv ;
-			len = p-buf;
-			if ((len < left) && *p && !isspace(*p))
+			bool neg;
+
+			left -= proc_skip_spaces(&kbuf);
+
+			err = proc_get_long(&kbuf, &left, &val, &neg,
+					     proc_wspace_sep,
+					     sizeof(proc_wspace_sep), NULL);
+			if (err)
 				break;
 			if (neg)
-				val = -val;
-			s += len;
-			left -= len;
-
-			if(neg)
 				continue;
 			if ((min && val < *min) || (max && val > *max))
 				continue;
 			*i = val;
 		} else {
-			p = buf;
+			val = convdiv * (*i) / convmul;
 			if (!first)
-				*p++ = '\t';
-			sprintf(p, "%lu", convdiv * (*i) / convmul);
-			len = strlen(buf);
-			if (len > left)
-				len = left;
-			if(copy_to_user(s, buf, len))
-				return -EFAULT;
-			left -= len;
-			s += len;
+				err = proc_put_char(&buffer, &left, '\t');
+			err = proc_put_long(&buffer, &left, val, false);
+			if (err)
+				break;
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (!write && !first && left) {
-		if(put_user('\n', s))
-			return -EFAULT;
-		left--, s++;
-	}
+	if (!write && !first && left && !err)
+		err = proc_put_char(&buffer, &left, '\n');
+	if (write && !err)
+		left -= proc_skip_spaces(&kbuf);
+free:
 	if (write) {
-		while (left) {
-			char c;
-			if (get_user(c, s++))
-				return -EFAULT;
-			if (!isspace(c))
-				break;
-			left--;
-		}
+		free_page(page);
+		if (first)
+			return err ? : -EINVAL;
 	}
-	if (write && first)
-		return -EINVAL;
 	*lenp -= left;
 	*ppos += *lenp;
-	return 0;
-#undef TMPBUFLEN
+	return err;
 }
 
 static int do_proc_doulongvec_minmax(struct ctl_table *table, int write,
@@ -2451,7 +2560,7 @@ int proc_doulongvec_ms_jiffies_minmax(struct ctl_table *table, int write,
 }
 
 
-static int do_proc_dointvec_jiffies_conv(int *negp, unsigned long *lvalp,
+static int do_proc_dointvec_jiffies_conv(bool *negp, unsigned long *lvalp,
 					 int *valp,
 					 int write, void *data)
 {
@@ -2463,10 +2572,10 @@ static int do_proc_dointvec_jiffies_conv(int *negp, unsigned long *lvalp,
 		int val = *valp;
 		unsigned long lval;
 		if (val < 0) {
-			*negp = -1;
+			*negp = true;
 			lval = (unsigned long)-val;
 		} else {
-			*negp = 0;
+			*negp = false;
 			lval = (unsigned long)val;
 		}
 		*lvalp = lval / HZ;
@@ -2474,7 +2583,7 @@ static int do_proc_dointvec_jiffies_conv(int *negp, unsigned long *lvalp,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int do_proc_dointvec_userhz_jiffies_conv(int *negp, unsigned long *lvalp,
+static int do_proc_dointvec_userhz_jiffies_conv(bool *negp, unsigned long *lvalp,
 						int *valp,
 						int write, void *data)
 {
@@ -2486,10 +2595,10 @@ static int do_proc_dointvec_userhz_jiffies_conv(int *negp, unsigned long *lvalp,
 		int val = *valp;
 		unsigned long lval;
 		if (val < 0) {
-			*negp = -1;
+			*negp = true;
 			lval = (unsigned long)-val;
 		} else {
-			*negp = 0;
+			*negp = false;
 			lval = (unsigned long)val;
 		}
 		*lvalp = jiffies_to_clock_t(lval);
@@ -2497,7 +2606,7 @@ static int do_proc_dointvec_userhz_jiffies_conv(int *negp, unsigned long *lvalp,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int do_proc_dointvec_ms_jiffies_conv(int *negp, unsigned long *lvalp,
+static int do_proc_dointvec_ms_jiffies_conv(bool *negp, unsigned long *lvalp,
 					    int *valp,
 					    int write, void *data)
 {
@@ -2507,10 +2616,10 @@ static int do_proc_dointvec_ms_jiffies_conv(int *negp, unsigned long *lvalp,
 		int val = *valp;
 		unsigned long lval;
 		if (val < 0) {
-			*negp = -1;
+			*negp = true;
 			lval = (unsigned long)-val;
 		} else {
-			*negp = 0;
+			*negp = false;
 			lval = (unsigned long)val;
 		}
 		*lvalp = jiffies_to_msecs(lval);
@@ -2607,6 +2716,157 @@ static int proc_do_cad_pid(struct ctl_table *table, int write,
 	return 0;
 }
 
+/**
+ * proc_do_large_bitmap - read/write from/to a large bitmap
+ * @table: the sysctl table
+ * @write: %TRUE if this is a write to the sysctl file
+ * @buffer: the user buffer
+ * @lenp: the size of the user buffer
+ * @ppos: file position
+ *
+ * The bitmap is stored at table->data and the bitmap length (in bits)
+ * in table->maxlen.
+ *
+ * We use a range comma separated format (e.g. 1,3-4,10-10) so that
+ * large bitmaps may be represented in a compact manner. Writing into
+ * the file will clear the bitmap then update it with the given input.
+ *
+ * Returns 0 on success.
+ */
+int proc_do_large_bitmap(struct ctl_table *table, int write,
+			 void __user *buffer, size_t *lenp, loff_t *ppos)
+{
+	int err = 0;
+	bool first = 1;
+	size_t left = *lenp;
+	unsigned long bitmap_len = table->maxlen;
+	unsigned long *bitmap = (unsigned long *) table->data;
+	unsigned long *tmp_bitmap = NULL;
+	char tr_a[] = { '-', ',', '\n' }, tr_b[] = { ',', '\n', 0 }, c;
+
+	if (!bitmap_len || !left || (*ppos && !write)) {
+		*lenp = 0;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (write) {
+		unsigned long page = 0;
+		char *kbuf;
+
+		if (left > PAGE_SIZE - 1)
+			left = PAGE_SIZE - 1;
+
+		page = __get_free_page(GFP_TEMPORARY);
+		kbuf = (char *) page;
+		if (!kbuf)
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		if (copy_from_user(kbuf, buffer, left)) {
+			free_page(page);
+			return -EFAULT;
+                }
+		kbuf[left] = 0;
+
+		tmp_bitmap = kzalloc(BITS_TO_LONGS(bitmap_len) * sizeof(unsigned long),
+				     GFP_KERNEL);
+		if (!tmp_bitmap) {
+			free_page(page);
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		}
+		proc_skip_char(&kbuf, &left, '\n');
+		while (!err && left) {
+			unsigned long val_a, val_b;
+			bool neg;
+
+			err = proc_get_long(&kbuf, &left, &val_a, &neg, tr_a,
+					     sizeof(tr_a), &c);
+			if (err)
+				break;
+			if (val_a >= bitmap_len || neg) {
+				err = -EINVAL;
+				break;
+			}
+
+			val_b = val_a;
+			if (left) {
+				kbuf++;
+				left--;
+			}
+
+			if (c == '-') {
+				err = proc_get_long(&kbuf, &left, &val_b,
+						     &neg, tr_b, sizeof(tr_b),
+						     &c);
+				if (err)
+					break;
+				if (val_b >= bitmap_len || neg ||
+				    val_a > val_b) {
+					err = -EINVAL;
+					break;
+				}
+				if (left) {
+					kbuf++;
+					left--;
+				}
+			}
+
+			while (val_a <= val_b)
+				set_bit(val_a++, tmp_bitmap);
+
+			first = 0;
+			proc_skip_char(&kbuf, &left, '\n');
+		}
+		free_page(page);
+	} else {
+		unsigned long bit_a, bit_b = 0;
+
+		while (left) {
+			bit_a = find_next_bit(bitmap, bitmap_len, bit_b);
+			if (bit_a >= bitmap_len)
+				break;
+			bit_b = find_next_zero_bit(bitmap, bitmap_len,
+						   bit_a + 1) - 1;
+
+			if (!first) {
+				err = proc_put_char(&buffer, &left, ',');
+				if (err)
+					break;
+			}
+			err = proc_put_long(&buffer, &left, bit_a, false);
+			if (err)
+				break;
+			if (bit_a != bit_b) {
+				err = proc_put_char(&buffer, &left, '-');
+				if (err)
+					break;
+				err = proc_put_long(&buffer, &left, bit_b, false);
+				if (err)
+					break;
+			}
+
+			first = 0; bit_b++;
+		}
+		if (!err)
+			err = proc_put_char(&buffer, &left, '\n');
+	}
+
+	if (!err) {
+		if (write) {
+			if (*ppos)
+				bitmap_or(bitmap, bitmap, tmp_bitmap, bitmap_len);
+			else
+				memcpy(bitmap, tmp_bitmap,
+					BITS_TO_LONGS(bitmap_len) * sizeof(unsigned long));
+		}
+		kfree(tmp_bitmap);
+		*lenp -= left;
+		*ppos += *lenp;
+		return 0;
+	} else {
+		kfree(tmp_bitmap);
+		return err;
+	}
+}
+
 #else /* CONFIG_PROC_FS */
 
 int proc_dostring(struct ctl_table *table, int write,