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To respond to a certain developer's request, this explicitly state that
developers can reimplement the nilfs2 design for other operating systems
to share data stored in that format.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1461935747-10380-7-git-send-email-konishi.ryusuke@lab.ntt.co.jp
Signed-off-by: Ryusuke Konishi <konishi.ryusuke@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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It's not possible to read the process umask without also modifying it,
which is what umask(2) does. A library cannot read umask safely,
especially if the main program might be multithreaded.
Add a new status line ("Umask") in /proc/<PID>/status. It contains the
file mode creation mask (umask) in octal. It is only shown for tasks
which have task->fs.
This patch is adapted from one originally written by Pierre Carrier.
The use case is that we have endless trouble with people setting weird
umask() values (usually on the grounds of "security"), and then
everything breaking. I'm on the hook to fix these. We'd like to add
debugging to our program so we can dump out the umask in debug reports.
Previous versions of the patch used a syscall so you could only read
your own umask. That's all I need. However there was quite a lot of
push-back from those, so this new version exports it in /proc.
See:
https://lkml.org/lkml/2016/4/13/704 [umask2]
https://lkml.org/lkml/2016/4/13/487 [getumask]
Signed-off-by: Richard W.M. Jones <rjones@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <koct9i@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Pierre Carrier <pierre@spotify.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Pull Documentation updates from Jon Corbet:
"A bit busier this time around.
The most interesting thing (IMO) this time around is some beginning
infrastructural work to allow documents to be written using
restructured text. Maybe someday, in a galaxy far far away, we'll be
able to eliminate the DocBook dependency and have a much better
integrated set of kernel docs. Someday.
Beyond that, there's a new document on security hardening from Kees,
the movement of some sample code over to samples/, a number of
improvements to the serial docs from Geert, and the usual collection
of corrections, typo fixes, etc"
* tag 'docs-for-linus' of git://git.lwn.net/linux: (55 commits)
doc: self-protection: provide initial details
serial: doc: Use port->state instead of info
serial: doc: Always refer to tty_port->mutex
Documentation: vm: Spelling s/paltform/platform/g
Documentation/memcg: update kmem limit doc as codes behavior
docproc: print a comment about autogeneration for rst output
docproc: add support for reStructuredText format via --rst option
docproc: abstract terminating lines at first space
docproc: abstract docproc directive detection
docproc: reduce unnecessary indentation
docproc: add variables for subcommand and filename
kernel-doc: use rst C domain directives and references for types
kernel-doc: produce RestructuredText output
kernel-doc: rewrite usage description, remove duplicated comments
Doc: correct the location of sysrq.c
Documentation: fix common spelling mistakes
samples: v4l: from Documentation to samples directory
samples: connector: from Documentation to samples directory
Documentation: xillybus: fix spelling mistake
Documentation: x86: fix spelling mistakes
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This fixes several spelling mistakes in the Documentation/ tree, which
are caught by checkpatch.pl's spell checking.
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs
Pull vfs cleanups from Al Viro:
"More cleanups from Christoph"
* 'work.preadv2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs:
nfsd: use RWF_SYNC
fs: add RWF_DSYNC aand RWF_SYNC
ceph: use generic_write_sync
fs: simplify the generic_write_sync prototype
fs: add IOCB_SYNC and IOCB_DSYNC
direct-io: remove the offset argument to dio_complete
direct-io: eliminate the offset argument to ->direct_IO
xfs: eliminate the pos variable in xfs_file_dio_aio_write
filemap: remove the pos argument to generic_file_direct_write
filemap: remove pos variables in generic_file_read_iter
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Including blkdev_direct_IO and dax_do_io. It has to be ki_pos to actually
work, so eliminate the superflous argument.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
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Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
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New method: ->iterate_shared(). Same arguments as in ->iterate(),
called with the directory locked only shared. Once all filesystems
switch, the old one will be gone.
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
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ta-da!
The main issue is the lack of down_write_killable(), so the places
like readdir.c switched to plain inode_lock(); once killable
variants of rwsem primitives appear, that'll be dealt with.
lockdep side also might need more work
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
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We'll need to verify that there's neither a hashed nor in-lookup
dentry with desired parent/name before adding to in-lookup set.
One possible solution would be to hold the parent's ->d_lock through
both checks, but while the in-lookup set is relatively small at any
time, dcache is not. And holding the parent's ->d_lock through
something like __d_lookup_rcu() would suck too badly.
So we leave the parent's ->d_lock alone, which means that we watch
out for the following scenario:
* we verify that there's no hashed match
* existing in-lookup match gets hashed by another process
* we verify that there's no in-lookup matches and decide
that everything's fine.
Solution: per-directory kinda-sorta seqlock, bumped around the times
we hash something that used to be in-lookup or move (and hash)
something in place of in-lookup. Then the above would turn into
* read the counter
* do dcache lookup
* if no matches found, check for in-lookup matches
* if there had been none of those either, check if the
counter has changed; repeat if it has.
The "kinda-sorta" part is due to the fact that we don't have much spare
space in inode. There is a spare word (shared with i_bdev/i_cdev/i_pipe),
so the counter part is not a problem, but spinlock is a different story.
We could use the parent's ->d_lock, and it would be less painful in
terms of contention, for __d_add() it would be rather inconvenient to
grab; we could do that (using lock_parent()), but...
Fortunately, we can get serialization on the counter itself, and it
might be a good idea in general; we can use cmpxchg() in a loop to
get from even to odd and smp_store_release() from odd to even.
This commit adds the counter and updating logics; the readers will be
added in the next commit.
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
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The rest of work.xattr stuff isn't needed for this branch
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Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
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Mostly direct substitution with occasional adjustment or removing
outdated comments.
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/hubcap/linux
Pull orangefs filesystem from Mike Marshall.
This finally merges the long-pending orangefs filesystem, which has been
much cleaned up with input from Al Viro over the last six months. From
the documentation file:
"OrangeFS is an LGPL userspace scale-out parallel storage system. It
is ideal for large storage problems faced by HPC, BigData, Streaming
Video, Genomics, Bioinformatics.
Orangefs, originally called PVFS, was first developed in 1993 by Walt
Ligon and Eric Blumer as a parallel file system for Parallel Virtual
Machine (PVM) as part of a NASA grant to study the I/O patterns of
parallel programs.
Orangefs features include:
- Distributes file data among multiple file servers
- Supports simultaneous access by multiple clients
- Stores file data and metadata on servers using local file system
and access methods
- Userspace implementation is easy to install and maintain
- Direct MPI support
- Stateless"
see Documentation/filesystems/orangefs.txt for more in-depth details.
* tag 'ofs-pull-tag-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/hubcap/linux: (174 commits)
orangefs: fix orangefs_superblock locking
orangefs: fix do_readv_writev() handling of error halfway through
orangefs: have ->kill_sb() evict the VFS side of things first
orangefs: sanitize ->llseek()
orangefs-bufmap.h: trim unused junk
orangefs: saner calling conventions for getting a slot
orangefs_copy_{to,from}_bufmap(): don't pass bufmap pointer
orangefs: get rid of readdir_handle_s
ornagefs: ensure that truncate has an up to date inode size
orangefs: move code which sets i_link to orangefs_inode_getattr
orangefs: remove needless wrapper around GFP_KERNEL
orangefs: remove wrapper around mutex_lock(&inode->i_mutex)
orangefs: refactor inode type or link_target change detection
orangefs: use new getattr for revalidate and remove old getattr
orangefs: use new getattr in inode getattr and permission
orangefs: use new orangefs_inode_getattr to get size in write and llseek
orangefs: use new orangefs_inode_getattr to create new inodes
orangefs: rename orangefs_inode_getattr to orangefs_inode_old_getattr
orangefs: remove inode->i_lock wrapper
orangefs: put register_chrdev immediately before register_filesystem
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Merge tag 'v4.5' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux into current
Linux 4.5
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Al Viro has cleaned up the way ops are processed and waited for,
now orangefs.txt has an overview of how it works. Several recent
related commits have added to the comments in the code as well.
Signed-off-by: Mike Marshall <hubcap@omnibond.com>
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Signed-off-by: Mike Marshall <hubcap@omnibond.com>
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Linux 4.4-rc1
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Signed-off-by: Mike Marshall <hubcap@omnibond.com>
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Pull more nfsd updates from Bruce Fields:
"Apologies for the previous request, which omitted the top 8 commits
from my for-next branch (including the SCSI layout commits). Thanks
to Trond for spotting my error!"
This actually includes the new layout types, so here's that part of
the pull message repeated:
"Support for a new pnfs layout type from Christoph Hellwig. The new
layout type is a variant of the block layout which uses SCSI features
to offer improved fencing and device identification.
Note this pull request also includes the client side of SCSI layout,
with Trond's permission"
* tag 'nfsd-4.6-1' of git://linux-nfs.org/~bfields/linux:
nfsd: use short read as well as i_size to set eof
nfsd: better layoutupdate bounds-checking
nfsd: block and scsi layout drivers need to depend on CONFIG_BLOCK
nfsd: add SCSI layout support
nfsd: move some blocklayout code
nfsd: add a new config option for the block layout driver
nfs/blocklayout: add SCSI layout support
nfs4.h: add SCSI layout definitions
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This is a simple extension to the block layout driver to use SCSI
persistent reservations for access control and fencing, as well as
SCSI VPD pages for device identification.
For this we need to pass the nfs4_client to the proc_getdeviceinfo method
to generate the reservation key, and add a new fence_client method
to allow for fence actions in the layout driver.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
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FAT has long supported its own default file name encoding config
setting, separate from CONFIG_NLS_DEFAULT.
However, if UTF-8 encoded file names are desired FAT character set
should not be set to utf8 since this would make file names case
sensitive even if case insensitive matching is requested. Instead,
"utf8" mount options should be provided to enable UTF-8 file names in
FAT file system.
Unfortunately, there was no possibility to set the default value of this
option so on UTF-8 system "utf8" mount option had to be added manually
to most FAT mounts.
This patch adds config option to set such default value.
Signed-off-by: Maciej S. Szmigiero <mail@maciej.szmigiero.name>
Acked-by: OGAWA Hirofumi <hirofumi@mail.parknet.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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This document will describe OCFS2 online file check feature. OCFS2 is
often used in high-availaibility systems. However, OCFS2 usually
converts the filesystem to read-only when encounters an error. This may
not be necessary, since turning the filesystem read-only would affect
other running processes as well, decreasing availability.
Then, a mount option (errors=continue) is introduced, which would return
the -EIO errno to the calling process and terminate furhter processing
so that the filesystem is not corrupted further. The filesystem is not
converted to read-only, and the problematic file's inode number is
reported in the kernel log. The user can try to check/fix this file via
online filecheck feature.
Signed-off-by: Gang He <ghe@suse.com>
Cc: Mark Fasheh <mfasheh@suse.de>
Cc: Joel Becker <jlbec@evilplan.org>
Cc: Junxiao Bi <junxiao.bi@oracle.com>
Cc: Joseph Qi <joseph.qi@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mason/linux-btrfs
Pull btrfs updates from Chris Mason:
"We have a good sized cleanup of our internal read ahead code, and the
first series of commits from Chandan to enable PAGE_SIZE > sectorsize
Otherwise, it's a normal series of cleanups and fixes, with many
thanks to Dave Sterba for doing most of the patch wrangling this time"
* 'for-linus-4.6' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mason/linux-btrfs: (82 commits)
btrfs: make sure we stay inside the bvec during __btrfs_lookup_bio_sums
btrfs: Fix misspellings in comments.
btrfs: Print Warning only if ENOSPC_DEBUG is enabled
btrfs: scrub: silence an uninitialized variable warning
btrfs: move btrfs_compression_type to compression.h
btrfs: rename btrfs_print_info to btrfs_print_mod_info
Btrfs: Show a warning message if one of objectid reaches its highest value
Documentation: btrfs: remove usage specific information
btrfs: use kbasename in btrfsic_mount
Btrfs: do not collect ordered extents when logging that inode exists
Btrfs: fix race when checking if we can skip fsync'ing an inode
Btrfs: fix listxattrs not listing all xattrs packed in the same item
Btrfs: fix deadlock between direct IO reads and buffered writes
Btrfs: fix extent_same allowing destination offset beyond i_size
Btrfs: fix file loss on log replay after renaming a file and fsync
Btrfs: fix unreplayable log after snapshot delete + parent dir fsync
Btrfs: fix lockdep deadlock warning due to dev_replace
btrfs: drop unused argument in btrfs_ioctl_get_supported_features
btrfs: add GET_SUPPORTED_FEATURES to the control device ioctls
btrfs: change max_inline default to 2048
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The document in the kernel sources is yet another palce where the
documentation would need to be updated, while it is not the primary
source. We actively maintain the wiki pages.
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kdave/linux into for-linus-4.6
Btrfs patchsets for 4.6
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Introduce a new mount option "nologreplay" to co-operate with "ro" mount
option to get real readonly mount, like "norecovery" in ext* and xfs.
Since the new parse_options() need to check new flags at remount time,
so add a new parameter for parse_options().
Signed-off-by: Qu Wenruo <quwenruo@cn.fujitsu.com>
Reviewed-by: Chandan Rajendra <chandan@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Tested-by: Austin S. Hemmelgarn <ahferroin7@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
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Current "recovery" mount option will only try to use backup root.
However the word "recovery" is too generic and may be confusing for some
users.
Here introduce a new and more specific mount option, "usebackuproot" to
replace "recovery" mount option.
"Recovery" will be kept for compatibility reason, but will be
deprecated.
Also, since "usebackuproot" will only affect mount behavior and after
open_ctree() it has nothing to do with the filesystem, so clear the flag
after mount succeeded.
This provides the basis for later unified "norecovery" mount option.
Signed-off-by: Qu Wenruo <quwenruo@cn.fujitsu.com>
[ dropped usebackuproot from show_mount, added note about 'recovery' to
docs ]
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
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Merge second patch-bomb from Andrew Morton:
- a couple of hotfixes
- the rest of MM
- a new timer slack control in procfs
- a couple of procfs fixes
- a few misc things
- some printk tweaks
- lib/ updates, notably to radix-tree.
- add my and Nick Piggin's old userspace radix-tree test harness to
tools/testing/radix-tree/. Matthew said it was a godsend during the
radix-tree work he did.
- a few code-size improvements, switching to __always_inline where gcc
screwed up.
- partially implement character sets in sscanf
* emailed patches from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (118 commits)
sscanf: implement basic character sets
lib/bug.c: use common WARN helper
param: convert some "on"/"off" users to strtobool
lib: add "on"/"off" support to kstrtobool
lib: update single-char callers of strtobool()
lib: move strtobool() to kstrtobool()
include/linux/unaligned: force inlining of byteswap operations
include/uapi/linux/byteorder, swab: force inlining of some byteswap operations
include/asm-generic/atomic-long.h: force inlining of some atomic_long operations
usb: common: convert to use match_string() helper
ide: hpt366: convert to use match_string() helper
ata: hpt366: convert to use match_string() helper
power: ab8500: convert to use match_string() helper
power: charger_manager: convert to use match_string() helper
drm/edid: convert to use match_string() helper
pinctrl: convert to use match_string() helper
device property: convert to use match_string() helper
lib/string: introduce match_string() helper
radix-tree tests: add test for radix_tree_iter_next
radix-tree tests: add regression3 test
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This patch provides a proc/PID/timerslack_ns interface which exposes a
task's timerslack value in nanoseconds and allows it to be changed.
This allows power/performance management software to set timer slack for
other threads according to its policy for the thread (such as when the
thread is designated foreground vs. background activity)
If the value written is non-zero, slack is set to that value. Otherwise
sets it to the default for the thread.
This interface checks that the calling task has permissions to to use
PTRACE_MODE_ATTACH_FSCREDS on the target task, so that we can ensure
arbitrary apps do not change the timer slack for other apps.
Signed-off-by: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Oren Laadan <orenl@cellrox.com>
Cc: Ruchi Kandoi <kandoiruchi@google.com>
Cc: Rom Lemarchand <romlem@android.com>
Cc: Android Kernel Team <kernel-team@android.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Pull configfs updates from Christoph Hellwig:
- A large patch from me to simplify setting up the list of default
groups by actually implementing it as a list instead of an array.
- a small Y2083 prep patch from Deepa Dinamani. Probably doesn't
matter on it's own, but it seems like he is trying to get rid of all
CURRENT_TIME uses in file systems, which is a worthwhile goal.
* tag 'configfs-for-linus' of git://git.infradead.org/users/hch/configfs:
configfs: switch ->default groups to a linked list
configfs: Replace CURRENT_TIME by current_fs_time()
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Replace the current NULL-terminated array of default groups with a linked
list. This gets rid of lots of nasty code to size and/or dynamically
allocate the array.
While we're at it also provide a conveniant helper to remove the default
groups.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Acked-by: Felipe Balbi <balbi@kernel.org> [drivers/usb/gadget]
Acked-by: Joel Becker <jlbec@evilplan.org>
Acked-by: Nicholas Bellinger <nab@linux-iscsi.org>
Reviewed-by: Sagi Grimberg <sagig@mellanox.com>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/tty
Pull tty/serial updates from Greg KH:
"Here's the big tty/serial driver pull request for 4.6-rc1.
Lots of changes in here, Peter has been on a tear again, with lots of
refactoring and bugs fixes, many thanks to the great work he has been
doing. Lots of driver updates and fixes as well, full details in the
shortlog.
All have been in linux-next for a while with no reported issues"
* tag 'tty-4.6-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/tty: (220 commits)
serial: 8250: describe CONFIG_SERIAL_8250_RSA
serial: samsung: optimize UART rx fifo access routine
serial: pl011: add mark/space parity support
serial: sa1100: make sa1100_register_uart_fns a function
tty: serial: 8250: add MOXA Smartio MUE boards support
serial: 8250: convert drivers to use up_to_u8250p()
serial: 8250/mediatek: fix building with SERIAL_8250=m
serial: 8250/ingenic: fix building with SERIAL_8250=m
serial: 8250/uniphier: fix modular build
Revert "drivers/tty/serial: make 8250/8250_ingenic.c explicitly non-modular"
Revert "drivers/tty/serial: make 8250/8250_mtk.c explicitly non-modular"
serial: mvebu-uart: initial support for Armada-3700 serial port
serial: mctrl_gpio: Add missing module license
serial: ifx6x60: avoid uninitialized variable use
tty/serial: at91: fix bad offset for UART timeout register
tty/serial: at91: restore dynamic driver binding
serial: 8250: Add hardware dependency to RT288X option
TTY, devpts: document pty count limiting
tty: goldfish: support platform_device with id -1
drivers: tty: goldfish: Add device tree bindings
...
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Logic has been changed in kernel 3.4 by commit e9aba5158a80
("tty: rework pty count limiting") but still not documented.
Sysctl kernel.pty.max works as global limit, kernel.pty.reserve ptys
are reserved for initial devpts instance (mounted without "newinstance").
Per-instance limit also could be set by mount option "max=%d".
Signed-off-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@yandex-team.ru>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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Pul documentation update from Jon Corbet:
"Another relatively boring cycle for the docs tree: typo fixes,
translation updates, etc"
* tag 'docs-for-linus' of git://git.lwn.net/linux:
modsign: Fix documentation on module signing enforcement parameter.
Doc: nfs: Fix typos in Documentation/filesystems/nfs
Documentation: kselftest: Remove duplicate word
doc: fix grammar
Documentation: Howto: Fixed subtitles style
Doc: ARM: Fix a typo in clksrc-change-registers.awk
Documentation/ko_KR: update maintainer information
Documentation: Fix int/unsigned int comparison
Documentation: Chinese translation of arm64/silicon-errata.txt
Documentation:Update Documentation/zh_CN/arm64/booting.txt
Documentation: HOWTO: remove obsolete info about regression postings
Doc: ja_JP: Fix a typo in HOWTO
Doc: i2c: Fix typo in Documentation/i2c
Doc: DocBook: Fix a typo in device-drivers.tmpl
Remove "arch" usage in Documentation/features/list-arch.sh
README: cosmetic fixes
Documentation/CodingStyle: add space before parenthesis in example macro
SubmittingPatches: fix spelling of "git send-email"
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This patch fix spelling typos found in Documentation/filesystems/nfs
Signed-off-by: Masanari Iida <standby24x7@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
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Some minor typos:
- make is unbindable -> make it unbindable
- a underlying -> an underlying
- different version -> different versions
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Signed-off-by: Javi Merino <javi.merino@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
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"rm -rf" is bricking some peoples' laptops because of variables being
used to store non-reinitializable firmware driver data that's required
to POST the hardware.
These are 100% bugs, and they need to be fixed, but in the mean time it
shouldn't be easy to *accidentally* brick machines.
We have to have delete working, and picking which variables do and don't
work for deletion is quite intractable, so instead make everything
immutable by default (except for a whitelist), and make tools that
aren't quite so broad-spectrum unset the immutable flag.
Signed-off-by: Peter Jones <pjones@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Lee, Chun-Yi <jlee@suse.com>
Acked-by: Matthew Garrett <mjg59@coreos.com>
Signed-off-by: Matt Fleming <matt@codeblueprint.co.uk>
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* add VM_STACK as alias for VM_GROWSUP/DOWN depending on architecture
* always account VMAs with flag VM_STACK as stack (as it was before)
* cleanup classifying helpers
* update comments and documentation
Signed-off-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <koct9i@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Sudip Mukherjee <sudipm.mukherjee@gmail.com>
Cc: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Commit b76437579d13 ("procfs: mark thread stack correctly in
proc/<pid>/maps") added [stack:TID] annotation to /proc/<pid>/maps.
Finding the task of a stack VMA requires walking the entire thread list,
turning this into quadratic behavior: a thousand threads means a
thousand stacks, so the rendering of /proc/<pid>/maps needs to look at a
million combinations.
The cost is not in proportion to the usefulness as described in the
patch.
Drop the [stack:TID] annotation to make /proc/<pid>/maps (and
/proc/<pid>/numa_maps) usable again for higher thread counts.
The [stack] annotation inside /proc/<pid>/task/<tid>/maps is retained, as
identifying the stack VMA there is an O(1) operation.
Siddesh said:
"The end users needed a way to identify thread stacks programmatically and
there wasn't a way to do that. I'm afraid I no longer remember (or have
access to the resources that would aid my memory since I changed
employers) the details of their requirement. However, I did do this on my
own time because I thought it was an interesting project for me and nobody
really gave any feedback then as to its utility, so as far as I am
concerned you could roll back the main thread maps information since the
information is available in the thread-specific files"
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Siddhesh Poyarekar <siddhesh.poyarekar@gmail.com>
Cc: Shaohua Li <shli@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Update the limitation for fat fallocate.
Signed-off-by: Namjae Jeon <namjae.jeon@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Amit Sahrawat <a.sahrawat@samsung.com>
Cc: OGAWA Hirofumi <hirofumi@mail.parknet.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Pull documentation updates from Jon Corbet:
"A relatively boring cycle in the docs tree. There's a few kernel-doc
fixes and various document tweaks.
One patch reaches out of the documentation subtree to fix a comment in
init/do_mounts_rd.c. There didn't seem to be anybody more appropriate
to take that one, so I accepted it"
* tag 'docs-4.5' of git://git.lwn.net/linux: (29 commits)
thermal: add description for integral_cutoff unit
Documentation: update libhugetlbfs site url
Documentation: Explain pci=conf1,conf2 more verbosely
DMA-API: fix confusing sentence in Documentation/DMA-API.txt
Documentation: translations: update linux cross reference link
Documentation: fix typo in CodingStyle
init, Documentation: Remove ramdisk_blocksize mentions
Documentation-getdelays: Apply a recommendation from "checkpatch.pl" in main()
Documentation: HOWTO: update versions from 3.x to 4.x
Documentation: remove outdated references from translations
Doc: treewide: Fix grammar "a" to "an"
Documentation: cpu-hotplug: Fix sysfs mount instructions
can-doc: Add hint about getting timestamps
Fix CFQ I/O scheduler parameter name in documentation
Documentation: arm: remove dead links from Marvell Berlin docs
Documentation: HOWTO: update code cross reference link
Doc: Docbook/iio: Fix typo in iio.tmpl
DocBook: make index.html generation less verbose by default
DocBook: Cleanup: remove an unused $(call) line
DocBook: Add a help message for DOCBOOKS env var
...
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The site for libhugetlbfs has moved from sourceforge to github. This
commit updates the old url.
Signed-off-by: SeongJae Park <sj38.park@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
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This patch fix some grammar mistake.
Signed-off-by: Masanari Iida <standby24x7@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
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Merge first patch-bomb from Andrew Morton:
- A few hotfixes which missed 4.4 becasue I was asleep. cc'ed to
-stable
- A few misc fixes
- OCFS2 updates
- Part of MM. Including pretty large changes to page-flags handling
and to thp management which have been buffered up for 2-3 cycles now.
I have a lot of MM material this time.
[ It turns out the THP part wasn't quite ready, so that got dropped from
this series - Linus ]
* emailed patches from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (117 commits)
zsmalloc: reorganize struct size_class to pack 4 bytes hole
mm/zbud.c: use list_last_entry() instead of list_tail_entry()
zram/zcomp: do not zero out zcomp private pages
zram: pass gfp from zcomp frontend to backend
zram: try vmalloc() after kmalloc()
zram/zcomp: use GFP_NOIO to allocate streams
mm: add tracepoint for scanning pages
drivers/base/memory.c: fix kernel warning during memory hotplug on ppc64
mm/page_isolation: use macro to judge the alignment
mm: fix noisy sparse warning in LIBCFS_ALLOC_PRE()
mm: rework virtual memory accounting
include/linux/memblock.h: fix ordering of 'flags' argument in comments
mm: move lru_to_page to mm_inline.h
Documentation/filesystems: describe the shared memory usage/accounting
memory-hotplug: don't BUG() in register_memory_resource()
hugetlb: make mm and fs code explicitly non-modular
mm/swapfile.c: use list_for_each_entry_safe in free_swap_count_continuations
mm: /proc/pid/clear_refs: no need to clear VM_SOFTDIRTY in clear_soft_dirty_pmd()
mm: make sure isolate_lru_page() is never called for tail page
vmstat: make vmstat_updater deferrable again and shut down on idle
...
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The Shared Memory accounting support is present in Kernel since commit
4b02108ac1b3 ("mm: oom analysis: add shmem vmstat") and in userland
free(1) since 2014. This patch updates the Documentation to reflect
this change.
Signed-off-by: Rodrigo Freire <rfreire@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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There are several shortcomings with the accounting of shared memory
(SysV shm, shared anonymous mapping, mapping of a tmpfs file). The
values in /proc/<pid>/status and <...>/statm don't allow to distinguish
between shmem memory and a shared mapping to a regular file, even though
theirs implication on memory usage are quite different: during reclaim,
file mapping can be dropped or written back on disk, while shmem needs a
place in swap.
Also, to distinguish the memory occupied by anonymous and file mappings,
one has to read the /proc/pid/statm file, which has a field for the file
mappings (again, including shmem) and total memory occupied by these
mappings (i.e. equivalent to VmRSS in the <...>/status file. Getting
the value for anonymous mappings only is thus not exactly user-friendly
(the statm file is intended to be rather efficiently machine-readable).
To address both of these shortcomings, this patch adds a breakdown of
VmRSS in /proc/<pid>/status via new fields RssAnon, RssFile and
RssShmem, making use of the previous preparatory patch. These fields
tell the user the memory occupied by private anonymous pages, mapped
regular files and shmem, respectively. Other existing fields in /status
and /statm files are left without change. The /statm file can be
extended in the future, if there's a need for that.
Example (part of) /proc/pid/status output including the new Rss* fields:
VmPeak: 2001008 kB
VmSize: 2001004 kB
VmLck: 0 kB
VmPin: 0 kB
VmHWM: 5108 kB
VmRSS: 5108 kB
RssAnon: 92 kB
RssFile: 1324 kB
RssShmem: 3692 kB
VmData: 192 kB
VmStk: 136 kB
VmExe: 4 kB
VmLib: 1784 kB
VmPTE: 3928 kB
VmPMD: 20 kB
VmSwap: 0 kB
HugetlbPages: 0 kB
[vbabka@suse.cz: forward-porting, tweak changelog]
Signed-off-by: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@yandex-team.ru>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Currently, /proc/pid/smaps will always show "Swap: 0 kB" for
shmem-backed mappings, even if the mapped portion does contain pages
that were swapped out. This is because unlike private anonymous
mappings, shmem does not change pte to swap entry, but pte_none when
swapping the page out. In the smaps page walk, such page thus looks
like it was never faulted in.
This patch changes smaps_pte_entry() to determine the swap status for
such pte_none entries for shmem mappings, similarly to how
mincore_page() does it. Swapped out shmem pages are thus accounted for.
For private mappings of tmpfs files that COWed some of the pages, swaped
out status of the original shmem pages is naturally ignored. If some of
the private copies was also swapped out, they are accounted via their
page table swap entries, so the resulting reported swap usage is then a
sum of both swapped out private copies, and swapped out shmem pages that
were not COWed. No double accounting can thus happen.
The accounting is arguably still not as precise as for private anonymous
mappings, since now we will count also pages that the process in
question never accessed, but another process populated them and then let
them become swapped out. I believe it is still less confusing and
subtle than not showing any swap usage by shmem mappings at all.
Swapped out counter might of interest of users who would like to prevent
from future swapins during performance critical operation and pre-fault
them at their convenience. Especially for larger swapped out regions
the cost of swapin is much higher than a fresh page allocation. So a
differentiation between pte_none vs. swapped out is important for those
usecases.
One downside of this patch is that it makes /proc/pid/smaps more
expensive for shmem mappings, as we consult the radix tree for each
pte_none entry, so the overal complexity is O(n*log(n)). I have
measured this on a process that creates a 2GB mapping and dirties single
pages with a stride of 2MB, and time how long does it take to cat
/proc/pid/smaps of this process 100 times.
Private anonymous mapping:
real 0m0.949s
user 0m0.116s
sys 0m0.348s
Mapping of a /dev/shm/file:
real 0m3.831s
user 0m0.180s
sys 0m3.212s
The difference is rather substantial, so the next patch will reduce the
cost for shared or read-only mappings.
In a less controlled experiment, I've gathered pids of processes on my
desktop that have either '/dev/shm/*' or 'SYSV*' in smaps. This
included the Chrome browser and some KDE processes. Again, I've run cat
/proc/pid/smaps on each 100 times.
Before this patch:
real 0m9.050s
user 0m0.518s
sys 0m8.066s
After this patch:
real 0m9.221s
user 0m0.541s
sys 0m8.187s
This suggests low impact on average systems.
Note that this patch doesn't attempt to adjust the SwapPss field for
shmem mappings, which would need extra work to determine who else could
have the pages mapped. Thus the value stays zero except for COWed
swapped out pages in a shmem mapping, which are accounted as usual.
Signed-off-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@yandex-team.ru>
Acked-by: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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This series is based on Jerome Marchand's [1] so let me quote the first
paragraph from there:
There are several shortcomings with the accounting of shared memory
(sysV shm, shared anonymous mapping, mapping to a tmpfs file). The
values in /proc/<pid>/status and statm don't allow to distinguish
between shmem memory and a shared mapping to a regular file, even though
their implications on memory usage are quite different: at reclaim, file
mapping can be dropped or written back on disk while shmem needs a place
in swap. As for shmem pages that are swapped-out or in swap cache, they
aren't accounted at all.
The original motivation for myself is that a customer found (IMHO
rightfully) confusing that e.g. top output for process swap usage is
unreliable with respect to swapped out shmem pages, which are not
accounted for.
The fundamental difference between private anonymous and shmem pages is
that the latter has PTE's converted to pte_none, and not swapents. As
such, they are not accounted to the number of swapents visible e.g. in
/proc/pid/status VmSwap row. It might be theoretically possible to use
swapents when swapping out shmem (without extra cost, as one has to
change all mappers anyway), and on swap in only convert the swapent for
the faulting process, leaving swapents in other processes until they
also fault (so again no extra cost). But I don't know how many
assumptions this would break, and it would be too disruptive change for
a relatively small benefit.
Instead, my approach is to document the limitation of VmSwap, and
provide means to determine the swap usage for shmem areas for those who
are interested and willing to pay the price, using /proc/pid/smaps.
Because outside of ipcs, I don't think it's possible to currently to
determine the usage at all. The previous patchset [1] did introduce new
shmem-specific fields into smaps output, and functions to determine the
values. I take a simpler approach, noting that smaps output already has
a "Swap: X kB" line, where currently X == 0 always for shmem areas. I
think we can just consider this a bug and provide the proper value by
consulting the radix tree, as e.g. mincore_page() does. In the patch
changelog I explain why this is also not perfect (and cannot be without
swapents), but still arguably much better than showing a 0.
The last two patches are adapted from Jerome's patchset and provide a
VmRSS breakdown to RssAnon, RssFile and RssShm in /proc/pid/status.
Hugh noted that this is a welcome addition, and I agree that it might
help e.g. debugging process memory usage at albeit non-zero, but still
rather low cost of extra per-mm counter and some page flag checks.
[1] http://lwn.net/Articles/611966/
This patch (of 6):
The documentation for /proc/pid/status does not mention that the value
of VmSwap counts only swapped out anonymous private pages, and not
swapped out pages of the underlying shmem objects (for shmem mappings).
This is not obvious, so document this limitation.
Signed-off-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@yandex-team.ru>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs
Pull vfs fix from Al Viro:
"Don't put symlink bodies in pagecache into highmem"
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs:
Make sure that highmem pages are not added to symlink page cache
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