| Commit message (Collapse) | Author | Age | Files | Lines |
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The deprecation warnings for the scan_unevictable interface triggers by
scripts doing `sysctl -a | grep something else'. This is annoying and not
helpful.
The interface has been defunct since 264e56d8247e ("mm: disable user
interface to manually rescue unevictable pages"), which was in 2011, and
there haven't been any reports of usecases for it, only reports that the
deprecation warnings are annying. It's unlikely that anybody is using
this interface specifically at this point, so remove it.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Currently memory-hotplug has two limits:
1. If the memory block is in ZONE_NORMAL, you can change it to
ZONE_MOVABLE, but this memory block must be adjacent to ZONE_MOVABLE.
2. If the memory block is in ZONE_MOVABLE, you can change it to
ZONE_NORMAL, but this memory block must be adjacent to ZONE_NORMAL.
With this patch, we can easy to know a memory block can be onlined to
which zone, and don't need to know the above two limits.
Updated the related Documentation.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: use conventional comment layout]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix build with CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTREMOVE=n]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: remove unused local zone_prev]
Signed-off-by: Zhang Zhen <zhenzhang.zhang@huawei.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Toshi Kani <toshi.kani@hp.com>
Cc: Yasuaki Ishimatsu <isimatu.yasuaki@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Wang Nan <wangnan0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Slab merge is good feature to reduce fragmentation. Now, it is only
applied to SLUB, but, it would be good to apply it to SLAB. This patch is
preparation step to apply slab merge to SLAB by commonizing slab merge
logic.
Signed-off-by: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip
Pull irq updates from Thomas Gleixner:
"The irq departement delivers:
- a cleanup series to get rid of mindlessly copied code.
- another bunch of new pointlessly different interrupt chip drivers.
Adding homebrewn irq chips (and timers) to SoCs must provide a
value add which is beyond the imagination of mere mortals.
- the usual SoC irq controller updates, IOW my second cat herding
project"
* 'irq-core-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (44 commits)
irqchip: gic-v3: Implement CPU PM notifier
irqchip: gic-v3: Refactor gic_enable_redist to support both enabling and disabling
irqchip: renesas-intc-irqpin: Add minimal runtime PM support
irqchip: renesas-intc-irqpin: Add helper variable dev = &pdev->dev
irqchip: atmel-aic5: Add sama5d4 support
irqchip: atmel-aic5: The sama5d3 has 48 IRQs
Documentation: bcm7120-l2: Add Broadcom BCM7120-style L2 binding
irqchip: bcm7120-l2: Add Broadcom BCM7120-style Level 2 interrupt controller
irqchip: renesas-irqc: Add binding docs for new R-Car Gen2 SoCs
irqchip: renesas-irqc: Add DT binding documentation
irqchip: renesas-intc-irqpin: Document SoC-specific bindings
openrisc: Get rid of handle_IRQ
arm64: Get rid of handle_IRQ
ARM: omap2: irq: Convert to handle_domain_irq
ARM: imx: tzic: Convert to handle_domain_irq
ARM: imx: avic: Convert to handle_domain_irq
irqchip: or1k-pic: Convert to handle_domain_irq
irqchip: atmel-aic5: Convert to handle_domain_irq
irqchip: atmel-aic: Convert to handle_domain_irq
irqchip: gic-v3: Convert to handle_domain_irq
...
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Conflicts:
drivers/irqchip/Makefile
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This patch adds the Device Tree binding document for the Broadcom
BCM7120-style Set-top-box Level 2 interrupt controller hardware.
We provide some ascii art explaining the different roles and reasons why
some properties are introduced to represent that interrupt controller.
Signed-off-by: Florian Fainelli <f.fainelli@gmail.com>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/1410309862-27784-3-git-send-email-f.fainelli@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Jason Cooper <jason@lakedaemon.net>
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Add sama5d4 support to irq-atmel-aic5.
Signed-off-by: Alexandre Belloni <alexandre.belloni@free-electrons.com>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/1410536587-24607-2-git-send-email-alexandre.belloni@free-electrons.com
Signed-off-by: Jason Cooper <jason@lakedaemon.net>
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On Keystone SOCs, DSP cores can send interrupts to ARM
host using the IRQ controller IP. It provides 28 IRQ
signals to ARM. The IRQ handler running on HOST OS can
identify DSP signal source by analyzing SRCCx bits in
IPCARx registers. This is one of the component used by
the IPC mechanism used on Keystone SOCs.
Signed-off-by: Grygorii Strashko <grygorii.strashko@ti.com>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/1406126430-9978-1-git-send-email-grygorii.strashko@ti.com
Signed-off-by: Jason Cooper <jason@lakedaemon.net>
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- r8a7792 (R-Car V2H)
- r8a7793 (R-Car M2-N)
- r8a7794 (R-Car E2)
r8a7791 is now called "R-Car M2-W".
Signed-off-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert+renesas@glider.be>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/1409212800-4957-3-git-send-email-geert+renesas@glider.be
Signed-off-by: Jason Cooper <jason@lakedaemon.net>
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The renesas-irqc driver supports DT, but the DT binding documentation was
missing.
Signed-off-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert+renesas@glider.be>
Acked-by: Simon Horman <horms+renesas@verge.net.au>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/1409212800-4957-2-git-send-email-geert+renesas@glider.be
Signed-off-by: Jason Cooper <jason@lakedaemon.net>
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The documentation only mentioned the generic fallback compatible property.
Add the missing SoC-specific compatible properties, which are already in
use.
Signed-off-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert+renesas@glider.be>
Acked-by: Simon Horman <horms+renesas@verge.net.au>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/1409212800-4957-1-git-send-email-geert+renesas@glider.be
Signed-off-by: Jason Cooper <jason@lakedaemon.net>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip
Pull timer updates from Thomas Gleixner:
"Nothing really exciting this time:
- a few fixlets in the NOHZ code
- a new ARM SoC timer abomination. One should expect that we have
enough of them already, but they insist on inventing new ones.
- the usual bunch of ARM SoC timer updates. That feels like herding
cats"
* 'timers-core-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
clocksource: arm_arch_timer: Consolidate arch_timer_evtstrm_enable
clocksource: arm_arch_timer: Enable counter access for 32-bit ARM
clocksource: arm_arch_timer: Change clocksource name if CP15 unavailable
clocksource: sirf: Disable counter before re-setting it
clocksource: cadence_ttc: Add support for 32bit mode
clocksource: tcb_clksrc: Sanitize IRQ request
clocksource: arm_arch_timer: Discard unavailable timers correctly
clocksource: vf_pit_timer: Support shutdown mode
ARM: meson6: clocksource: Add Meson6 timer support
ARM: meson: documentation: Add timer documentation
clocksource: sh_tmu: Document r8a7779 binding
clocksource: sh_mtu2: Document r7s72100 binding
clocksource: sh_cmt: Document SoC specific bindings
timerfd: Remove an always true check
nohz: Avoid tick's double reprogramming in highres mode
nohz: Fix spurious periodic tick behaviour in low-res dynticks mode
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/horms/renesas into clockevents/3.18
Renesas Clocksource Updates for v3.18
* Document per-SoC bindings
Signed-off-by: Daniel Lezcano <daniel.lezcano@linaro.org>
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In general Renesas hardware is not documented to the extent
where the relationship between IP blocks on different SoCs can be assumed
although they may appear to operate the same way. Furthermore the
documentation typically does not specify a version for individual
IP blocks. For these reasons a convention of using the SoC name in place
of a version and providing SoC-specific compat strings has been adopted.
Although not universally liked this convention is used in the bindings
for a number of drivers for Renesas hardware. The purpose of this patch is
to update the Renesas R-Car Timer Unit (TMU) driver to follow this
convention.
Signed-off-by: Simon Horman <horms+renesas@verge.net.au>
Acked-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert+renesas@glider.be>
Acked-by: Laurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart@ideasonboard.com>
---
* I plan to follow up with a patch patch to use the new binding in the
dtsi files for the r8a7779 SoC.
commit 471269b790aec03385dc4fb127ed7094ff83c16d
v2
* Suggestions by Mark Rutland and Sergei Shtylyov
- Compatible strings should be "one or more" not "one" of those listed
- Describe the generic binding as covering any MTU2 device
- Re-order compat strings from most to least specific
v3
* Suggested by Laurent Pinchart
- Reword in keeping with a similar though more extensive patch for CMT
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In general Renesas hardware is not documented to the extent
where the relationship between IP blocks on different SoCs can be assumed
although they may appear to operate the same way. Furthermore the
documentation typically does not specify a version for individual
IP blocks. For these reasons a convention of using the SoC name in place
of a version and providing SoC-specific compat strings has been adopted.
Although not universally liked this convention is used in the bindings
for a number of drivers for Renesas hardware. The purpose of this patch is
to update the Renesas R-Car Multi-Function Timer Pulse Unit 2 (MTU2) driver
to follow this convention.
Signed-off-by: Simon Horman <horms+renesas@verge.net.au>
Acked-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert+renesas@glider.be>
Acked-by: Laurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart@ideasonboard.com>
---
* I plan to follow up with a patch patch to use the new binding in the
dtsi files for the r7s72100 SoC.
v2
* Suggestions by Mark Rutland and Sergei Shtylyov
- Compatible strings should be "one or more" not "one" of those listed
- Describe the generic binding as covering any MTU2 device
- Re-order compat strings from most to least specific
v3
* Suggested by Laurent Pinchart
- Reword compat documentation for consistency with a more extensive
CMT change
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In general Renesas hardware is not documented to the extent
where the relationship between IP blocks on different SoCs can be assumed
although they may appear to operate the same way. Furthermore the
documentation typically does not specify a version for individual
IP blocks. For these reasons a convention of using the SoC name in place
of a version and providing SoC-specific compat strings has been adopted.
Although not universally liked this convention is used in the bindings for
a number of drivers for Renesas hardware. The purpose of this patch is to
update the Renesas R-Car Compare Match Timer (CMT) driver to follow this
convention.
Signed-off-by: Simon Horman <horms+renesas@verge.net.au>
Acked-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert+renesas@glider.be>
Acked-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Acked-by: Laurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart@ideasonboard.com>
---
* I plan to follow up with patches to use these new bindings in the
dtsi files for the affected SoCs.
v2
* Reorder compat entries so more-specific entries and their fallbacks
are grouped with the fallback entry coming last.
* Explicitly document fallback
v3
* Avoid circular dependency in documentation of fallback
behaviour of renesas,cmt-48-gen2
* Use consistent case for SoC names in compat string descriptions
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Acked-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: Carlo Caione <carlo@caione.org>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Lezcano <daniel.lezcano@linaro.org>
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Pull networking updates from David Miller:
"Most notable changes in here:
1) By far the biggest accomplishment, thanks to a large range of
contributors, is the addition of multi-send for transmit. This is
the result of discussions back in Chicago, and the hard work of
several individuals.
Now, when the ->ndo_start_xmit() method of a driver sees
skb->xmit_more as true, it can choose to defer the doorbell
telling the driver to start processing the new TX queue entires.
skb->xmit_more means that the generic networking is guaranteed to
call the driver immediately with another SKB to send.
There is logic added to the qdisc layer to dequeue multiple
packets at a time, and the handling mis-predicted offloads in
software is now done with no locks held.
Finally, pktgen is extended to have a "burst" parameter that can
be used to test a multi-send implementation.
Several drivers have xmit_more support: i40e, igb, ixgbe, mlx4,
virtio_net
Adding support is almost trivial, so export more drivers to
support this optimization soon.
I want to thank, in no particular or implied order, Jesper
Dangaard Brouer, Eric Dumazet, Alexander Duyck, Tom Herbert, Jamal
Hadi Salim, John Fastabend, Florian Westphal, Daniel Borkmann,
David Tat, Hannes Frederic Sowa, and Rusty Russell.
2) PTP and timestamping support in bnx2x, from Michal Kalderon.
3) Allow adjusting the rx_copybreak threshold for a driver via
ethtool, and add rx_copybreak support to enic driver. From
Govindarajulu Varadarajan.
4) Significant enhancements to the generic PHY layer and the bcm7xxx
driver in particular (EEE support, auto power down, etc.) from
Florian Fainelli.
5) Allow raw buffers to be used for flow dissection, allowing drivers
to determine the optimal "linear pull" size for devices that DMA
into pools of pages. The objective is to get exactly the
necessary amount of headers into the linear SKB area pre-pulled,
but no more. The new interface drivers use is eth_get_headlen().
From WANG Cong, with driver conversions (several had their own
by-hand duplicated implementations) by Alexander Duyck and Eric
Dumazet.
6) Support checksumming more smoothly and efficiently for
encapsulations, and add "foo over UDP" facility. From Tom
Herbert.
7) Add Broadcom SF2 switch driver to DSA layer, from Florian
Fainelli.
8) eBPF now can load programs via a system call and has an extensive
testsuite. Alexei Starovoitov and Daniel Borkmann.
9) Major overhaul of the packet scheduler to use RCU in several major
areas such as the classifiers and rate estimators. From John
Fastabend.
10) Add driver for Intel FM10000 Ethernet Switch, from Alexander
Duyck.
11) Rearrange TCP_SKB_CB() to reduce cache line misses, from Eric
Dumazet.
12) Add Datacenter TCP congestion control algorithm support, From
Florian Westphal.
13) Reorganize sk_buff so that __copy_skb_header() is significantly
faster. From Eric Dumazet"
* git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/davem/net-next: (1558 commits)
netlabel: directly return netlbl_unlabel_genl_init()
net: add netdev_txq_bql_{enqueue, complete}_prefetchw() helpers
net: description of dma_cookie cause make xmldocs warning
cxgb4: clean up a type issue
cxgb4: potential shift wrapping bug
i40e: skb->xmit_more support
net: fs_enet: Add NAPI TX
net: fs_enet: Remove non NAPI RX
r8169:add support for RTL8168EP
net_sched: copy exts->type in tcf_exts_change()
wimax: convert printk to pr_foo()
af_unix: remove 0 assignment on static
ipv6: Do not warn for informational ICMP messages, regardless of type.
Update Intel Ethernet Driver maintainers list
bridge: Save frag_max_size between PRE_ROUTING and POST_ROUTING
tipc: fix bug in multicast congestion handling
net: better IFF_XMIT_DST_RELEASE support
net/mlx4_en: remove NETDEV_TX_BUSY
3c59x: fix bad split of cpu_to_le32(pci_map_single())
net: bcmgenet: fix Tx ring priority programming
...
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/linville/wireless-next
John W. Linville says:
====================
pull request: wireless-next 2014-10-03
Please pull tihs batch of updates intended for the 3.18 stream!
For the iwlwifi bits, Emmanuel says:
"I have here a few things that depend on the latest mac80211's changes:
RRM, TPC, Quiet Period etc... Eyal keeps improving our rate control
and we have a new device ID. This last patch should probably have
gone to wireless.git, but at that stage, I preferred to send it to
-next and CC stable."
For (most of) the Atheros bits, Kalle says:
"The only new feature is testmode support from me. Ben added a new method
to crash the firmware with an assert for debug purposes. As usual, we
have lots of smaller fixes from Michal. Matteo fixed a Kconfig
dependency with debugfs. I fixed some warnings recently added to
checkpatch."
For the NFC bits, Samuel says:
"We've had major updates for TI and ST Microelectronics drivers, and a
few NCI related changes.
For TI's trf7970a driver:
- Target mode support for trf7970a
- Suspend/resume support for trf7970a
- DT properties additions to handle different quirks
- A bunch of fixes for smartphone IOP related issues
For ST Microelectronics' ST21NFCA and ST21NFCB drivers:
- ISO15693 support for st21nfcb
- checkpatch and sparse related warning fixes
- Code cleanups and a few minor fixes
Finally, Marvell added ISO15693 support to the NCI stack, together with a
couple of NCI fixes."
For the Bluetooth bits, Johan says:
"This 3.18 pull request replaces the one I did on Monday ("bluetooth-next
2014-09-22", which hasn't been pulled yet). The additions since the last
request are:
- SCO connection fix for devices not supporting eSCO
- Cleanups regarding the SCO establishment logic
- Remove unnecessary return value from logging functions
- Header compression fix for 6lowpan
- Cleanups to the ieee802154/mrf24j40 driver
Here's a copy from previous request that this one replaces:
'
Here are some more patches for 3.18. They include various fixes to the
btusb HCI driver, a fix for LE SMP, as well as adding Jukka to the
MAINTAINERS file for generic 6LoWPAN (as requested by Alexander Aring).
I've held on to this pull request a bit since we were waiting for a SCO
related fix to get sorted out first. However, since the merge window is
getting closer I decided not to wait for it. If we do get the fix sorted
out there'll probably be a second small pull request later this week.
'"
And,
"Unless 3.17 gets delayed this will probably be our last -next pull request for
3.18. We've got:
- New Marvell hardware supportr
- Multicast support for 6lowpan
- Several of 6lowpan fixes & cleanups
- Fix for a (false-positive) lockdep warning in L2CAP
- Minor btusb cleanup"
On top of all that comes the usual sort of updates to ath5k, ath9k,
ath10k, brcmfmac, mwifiex, and wil6210. This time around there are
also a number of rtlwifi updates to enable some new hardware and
to reconcile the in-kernel drivers with some newer releases of the
Realtek vendor drivers. Also of note is some device tree work for
the bcma bus.
Please let me know if there are problems!
====================
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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This will allow us to define GPIO-attached devices (LEDs, buttons) in
the the device tree.
Signed-off-by: Rafał Miłecki <zajec5@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: John W. Linville <linville@tuxdriver.com>
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This driver is used by the bcm53xx ARM SoC code. Now it is possible to
give the address of the chipcommon core in device tree and bcma will
search for all the other cores.
Signed-off-by: Hauke Mehrtens <hauke@hauke-m.de>
Acked-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: John W. Linville <linville@tuxdriver.com>
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St21nfcb has a reverse polarity compare to st21nfca.
In st21nfcb case, the irq pin is active high.
Signed-off-by: Christophe Ricard <christophe-h.ricard@st.com>
Signed-off-by: Samuel Ortiz <sameo@linux.intel.com>
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Current versions of the trf7970a have an erratum where
the EN2 pin must be kept low. If it isn't kept low,
it will generate an RF field even when in passive
target mode. To work around this issue, create the
'en2-rf-quirk' device tree property to indicate that
the trf7970a that the driver is using has this erratum.
Signed-off-by: Mark A. Greer <mgreer@animalcreek.com>
Signed-off-by: Samuel Ortiz <sameo@linux.intel.com>
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The mechanism for specifying that the trf7970a
being used by the driver has the "IRQ Status Read"
erratum has been changed to a device tree property
('irq-status-read-quirk').
Document the new device tree property.
Signed-off-by: Mark A. Greer <mgreer@animalcreek.com>
Signed-off-by: Samuel Ortiz <sameo@linux.intel.com>
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The trf7970a driver recently had support for the
'vin-voltage-override' property added to it. This
property is used to override the value given by
the regulator subsystem for the VIN pin's voltage.
Signed-off-by: Mark A. Greer <mgreer@animalcreek.com>
Signed-off-by: Samuel Ortiz <sameo@linux.intel.com>
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Conflicts:
drivers/net/usb/r8152.c
net/netfilter/nfnetlink.c
Both r8152 and nfnetlink conflicts were simple overlapping changes.
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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This patch demonstrates the effect of delaying update of HW tailptr.
(based on earlier patch by Jesper)
burst=1 is the default. It sends one packet with xmit_more=false
burst=2 sends one packet with xmit_more=true and
2nd copy of the same packet with xmit_more=false
burst=3 sends two copies of the same packet with xmit_more=true and
3rd copy with xmit_more=false
Performance with ixgbe (usec 30):
burst=1 tx:9.2 Mpps
burst=2 tx:13.5 Mpps
burst=3 tx:14.5 Mpps full 10G line rate
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@plumgrid.com>
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Acked-by: Jesper Dangaard Brouer <brouer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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This adds the binding documentation for the Marvell PXA168 Ethernet
controller, following its DT support.
Signed-off-by: Antoine Tenart <antoine.tenart@free-electrons.com>
Acked-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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This patch adds a function to get the MACIDs from the am33xx SoC
control module registers which hold unique vendor MACIDs. This is only
used if of_get_mac_address() fails to get a valid mac address.
Signed-off-by: Markus Pargmann <mpa@pengutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Wolfram Sang <wsa@the-dreams.de>
Tested-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Acked-by: Tony Lindgren <tony@atomide.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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mac-address is an optional property. If no mac-address is set, a random
mac-address will be generated.
Signed-off-by: Markus Pargmann <mpa@pengutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Wolfram Sang <wsa@the-dreams.de>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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This patch adds the Device tree bindings for the
Ethernet over SPI protocol driver of the Qualcomm
QCA7000 HomePlug GreenPHY.
Signed-off-by: Stefan Wahren <stefan.wahren@i2se.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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This work adds the DataCenter TCP (DCTCP) congestion control
algorithm [1], which has been first published at SIGCOMM 2010 [2],
resp. follow-up analysis at SIGMETRICS 2011 [3] (and also, more
recently as an informational IETF draft available at [4]).
DCTCP is an enhancement to the TCP congestion control algorithm for
data center networks. Typical data center workloads are i.e.
i) partition/aggregate (queries; bursty, delay sensitive), ii) short
messages e.g. 50KB-1MB (for coordination and control state; delay
sensitive), and iii) large flows e.g. 1MB-100MB (data update;
throughput sensitive). DCTCP has therefore been designed for such
environments to provide/achieve the following three requirements:
* High burst tolerance (incast due to partition/aggregate)
* Low latency (short flows, queries)
* High throughput (continuous data updates, large file
transfers) with commodity, shallow buffered switches
The basic idea of its design consists of two fundamentals: i) on the
switch side, packets are being marked when its internal queue
length > threshold K (K is chosen so that a large enough headroom
for marked traffic is still available in the switch queue); ii) the
sender/host side maintains a moving average of the fraction of marked
packets, so each RTT, F is being updated as follows:
F := X / Y, where X is # of marked ACKs, Y is total # of ACKs
alpha := (1 - g) * alpha + g * F, where g is a smoothing constant
The resulting alpha (iow: probability that switch queue is congested)
is then being used in order to adaptively decrease the congestion
window W:
W := (1 - (alpha / 2)) * W
The means for receiving marked packets resp. marking them on switch
side in DCTCP is the use of ECN.
RFC3168 describes a mechanism for using Explicit Congestion Notification
from the switch for early detection of congestion, rather than waiting
for segment loss to occur.
However, this method only detects the presence of congestion, not
the *extent*. In the presence of mild congestion, it reduces the TCP
congestion window too aggressively and unnecessarily affects the
throughput of long flows [4].
DCTCP, as mentioned, enhances Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN)
processing to estimate the fraction of bytes that encounter congestion,
rather than simply detecting that some congestion has occurred. DCTCP
then scales the TCP congestion window based on this estimate [4],
thus it can derive multibit feedback from the information present in
the single-bit sequence of marks in its control law. And thus act in
*proportion* to the extent of congestion, not its *presence*.
Switches therefore set the Congestion Experienced (CE) codepoint in
packets when internal queue lengths exceed threshold K. Resulting,
DCTCP delivers the same or better throughput than normal TCP, while
using 90% less buffer space.
It was found in [2] that DCTCP enables the applications to handle 10x
the current background traffic, without impacting foreground traffic.
Moreover, a 10x increase in foreground traffic did not cause any
timeouts, and thus largely eliminates TCP incast collapse problems.
The algorithm itself has already seen deployments in large production
data centers since then.
We did a long-term stress-test and analysis in a data center, short
summary of our TCP incast tests with iperf compared to cubic:
This test measured DCTCP throughput and latency and compared it with
CUBIC throughput and latency for an incast scenario. In this test, 19
senders sent at maximum rate to a single receiver. The receiver simply
ran iperf -s.
The senders ran iperf -c <receiver> -t 30. All senders started
simultaneously (using local clocks synchronized by ntp).
This test was repeated multiple times. Below shows the results from a
single test. Other tests are similar. (DCTCP results were extremely
consistent, CUBIC results show some variance induced by the TCP timeouts
that CUBIC encountered.)
For this test, we report statistics on the number of TCP timeouts,
flow throughput, and traffic latency.
1) Timeouts (total over all flows, and per flow summaries):
CUBIC DCTCP
Total 3227 25
Mean 169.842 1.316
Median 183 1
Max 207 5
Min 123 0
Stddev 28.991 1.600
Timeout data is taken by measuring the net change in netstat -s
"other TCP timeouts" reported. As a result, the timeout measurements
above are not restricted to the test traffic, and we believe that it
is likely that all of the "DCTCP timeouts" are actually timeouts for
non-test traffic. We report them nevertheless. CUBIC will also include
some non-test timeouts, but they are drawfed by bona fide test traffic
timeouts for CUBIC. Clearly DCTCP does an excellent job of preventing
TCP timeouts. DCTCP reduces timeouts by at least two orders of
magnitude and may well have eliminated them in this scenario.
2) Throughput (per flow in Mbps):
CUBIC DCTCP
Mean 521.684 521.895
Median 464 523
Max 776 527
Min 403 519
Stddev 105.891 2.601
Fairness 0.962 0.999
Throughput data was simply the average throughput for each flow
reported by iperf. By avoiding TCP timeouts, DCTCP is able to
achieve much better per-flow results. In CUBIC, many flows
experience TCP timeouts which makes flow throughput unpredictable and
unfair. DCTCP, on the other hand, provides very clean predictable
throughput without incurring TCP timeouts. Thus, the standard deviation
of CUBIC throughput is dramatically higher than the standard deviation
of DCTCP throughput.
Mean throughput is nearly identical because even though cubic flows
suffer TCP timeouts, other flows will step in and fill the unused
bandwidth. Note that this test is something of a best case scenario
for incast under CUBIC: it allows other flows to fill in for flows
experiencing a timeout. Under situations where the receiver is issuing
requests and then waiting for all flows to complete, flows cannot fill
in for timed out flows and throughput will drop dramatically.
3) Latency (in ms):
CUBIC DCTCP
Mean 4.0088 0.04219
Median 4.055 0.0395
Max 4.2 0.085
Min 3.32 0.028
Stddev 0.1666 0.01064
Latency for each protocol was computed by running "ping -i 0.2
<receiver>" from a single sender to the receiver during the incast
test. For DCTCP, "ping -Q 0x6 -i 0.2 <receiver>" was used to ensure
that traffic traversed the DCTCP queue and was not dropped when the
queue size was greater than the marking threshold. The summary
statistics above are over all ping metrics measured between the single
sender, receiver pair.
The latency results for this test show a dramatic difference between
CUBIC and DCTCP. CUBIC intentionally overflows the switch buffer
which incurs the maximum queue latency (more buffer memory will lead
to high latency.) DCTCP, on the other hand, deliberately attempts to
keep queue occupancy low. The result is a two orders of magnitude
reduction of latency with DCTCP - even with a switch with relatively
little RAM. Switches with larger amounts of RAM will incur increasing
amounts of latency for CUBIC, but not for DCTCP.
4) Convergence and stability test:
This test measured the time that DCTCP took to fairly redistribute
bandwidth when a new flow commences. It also measured DCTCP's ability
to remain stable at a fair bandwidth distribution. DCTCP is compared
with CUBIC for this test.
At the commencement of this test, a single flow is sending at maximum
rate (near 10 Gbps) to a single receiver. One second after that first
flow commences, a new flow from a distinct server begins sending to
the same receiver as the first flow. After the second flow has sent
data for 10 seconds, the second flow is terminated. The first flow
sends for an additional second. Ideally, the bandwidth would be evenly
shared as soon as the second flow starts, and recover as soon as it
stops.
The results of this test are shown below. Note that the flow bandwidth
for the two flows was measured near the same time, but not
simultaneously.
DCTCP performs nearly perfectly within the measurement limitations
of this test: bandwidth is quickly distributed fairly between the two
flows, remains stable throughout the duration of the test, and
recovers quickly. CUBIC, in contrast, is slow to divide the bandwidth
fairly, and has trouble remaining stable.
CUBIC DCTCP
Seconds Flow 1 Flow 2 Seconds Flow 1 Flow 2
0 9.93 0 0 9.92 0
0.5 9.87 0 0.5 9.86 0
1 8.73 2.25 1 6.46 4.88
1.5 7.29 2.8 1.5 4.9 4.99
2 6.96 3.1 2 4.92 4.94
2.5 6.67 3.34 2.5 4.93 5
3 6.39 3.57 3 4.92 4.99
3.5 6.24 3.75 3.5 4.94 4.74
4 6 3.94 4 5.34 4.71
4.5 5.88 4.09 4.5 4.99 4.97
5 5.27 4.98 5 4.83 5.01
5.5 4.93 5.04 5.5 4.89 4.99
6 4.9 4.99 6 4.92 5.04
6.5 4.93 5.1 6.5 4.91 4.97
7 4.28 5.8 7 4.97 4.97
7.5 4.62 4.91 7.5 4.99 4.82
8 5.05 4.45 8 5.16 4.76
8.5 5.93 4.09 8.5 4.94 4.98
9 5.73 4.2 9 4.92 5.02
9.5 5.62 4.32 9.5 4.87 5.03
10 6.12 3.2 10 4.91 5.01
10.5 6.91 3.11 10.5 4.87 5.04
11 8.48 0 11 8.49 4.94
11.5 9.87 0 11.5 9.9 0
SYN/ACK ECT test:
This test demonstrates the importance of ECT on SYN and SYN-ACK packets
by measuring the connection probability in the presence of competing
flows for a DCTCP connection attempt *without* ECT in the SYN packet.
The test was repeated five times for each number of competing flows.
Competing Flows 1 | 2 | 4 | 8 | 16
------------------------------
Mean Connection Probability 1 | 0.67 | 0.45 | 0.28 | 0
Median Connection Probability 1 | 0.65 | 0.45 | 0.25 | 0
As the number of competing flows moves beyond 1, the connection
probability drops rapidly.
Enabling DCTCP with this patch requires the following steps:
DCTCP must be running both on the sender and receiver side in your
data center, i.e.:
sysctl -w net.ipv4.tcp_congestion_control=dctcp
Also, ECN functionality must be enabled on all switches in your
data center for DCTCP to work. The default ECN marking threshold (K)
heuristic on the switch for DCTCP is e.g., 20 packets (30KB) at
1Gbps, and 65 packets (~100KB) at 10Gbps (K > 1/7 * C * RTT, [4]).
In above tests, for each switch port, traffic was segregated into two
queues. For any packet with a DSCP of 0x01 - or equivalently a TOS of
0x04 - the packet was placed into the DCTCP queue. All other packets
were placed into the default drop-tail queue. For the DCTCP queue,
RED/ECN marking was enabled, here, with a marking threshold of 75 KB.
More details however, we refer you to the paper [2] under section 3).
There are no code changes required to applications running in user
space. DCTCP has been implemented in full *isolation* of the rest of
the TCP code as its own congestion control module, so that it can run
without a need to expose code to the core of the TCP stack, and thus
nothing changes for non-DCTCP users.
Changes in the CA framework code are minimal, and DCTCP algorithm
operates on mechanisms that are already available in most Silicon.
The gain (dctcp_shift_g) is currently a fixed constant (1/16) from
the paper, but we leave the option that it can be chosen carefully
to a different value by the user.
In case DCTCP is being used and ECN support on peer site is off,
DCTCP falls back after 3WHS to operate in normal TCP Reno mode.
ss {-4,-6} -t -i diag interface:
... dctcp wscale:7,7 rto:203 rtt:2.349/0.026 mss:1448 cwnd:2054
ssthresh:1102 ce_state 0 alpha 15 ab_ecn 0 ab_tot 735584
send 10129.2Mbps pacing_rate 20254.1Mbps unacked:1822 retrans:0/15
reordering:101 rcv_space:29200
... dctcp-reno wscale:7,7 rto:201 rtt:0.711/1.327 ato:40 mss:1448
cwnd:10 ssthresh:1102 fallback_mode send 162.9Mbps pacing_rate
325.5Mbps rcv_rtt:1.5 rcv_space:29200
More information about DCTCP can be found in [1-4].
[1] http://simula.stanford.edu/~alizade/Site/DCTCP.html
[2] http://simula.stanford.edu/~alizade/Site/DCTCP_files/dctcp-final.pdf
[3] http://simula.stanford.edu/~alizade/Site/DCTCP_files/dctcp_analysis-full.pdf
[4] http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-bensley-tcpm-dctcp-00
Joint work with Florian Westphal and Glenn Judd.
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <dborkman@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Florian Westphal <fw@strlen.de>
Signed-off-by: Glenn Judd <glenn.judd@morganstanley.com>
Acked-by: Stephen Hemminger <stephen@networkplumber.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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this patch adds all of eBPF verfier documentation and empty bpf_check()
The end goal for the verifier is to statically check safety of the program.
Verifier will catch:
- loops
- out of range jumps
- unreachable instructions
- invalid instructions
- uninitialized register access
- uninitialized stack access
- misaligned stack access
- out of range stack access
- invalid calling convention
More details in Documentation/networking/filter.txt
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@plumgrid.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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BPF syscall is a multiplexor for a range of different operations on eBPF.
This patch introduces syscall with single command to create a map.
Next patch adds commands to access maps.
'maps' is a generic storage of different types for sharing data between kernel
and userspace.
Userspace example:
/* this syscall wrapper creates a map with given type and attributes
* and returns map_fd on success.
* use close(map_fd) to delete the map
*/
int bpf_create_map(enum bpf_map_type map_type, int key_size,
int value_size, int max_entries)
{
union bpf_attr attr = {
.map_type = map_type,
.key_size = key_size,
.value_size = value_size,
.max_entries = max_entries
};
return bpf(BPF_MAP_CREATE, &attr, sizeof(attr));
}
'union bpf_attr' is backwards compatible with future extensions.
More details in Documentation/networking/filter.txt and in manpage
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@plumgrid.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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Add the device tree bindings documentation for the Amlogic Meson
variant of the Synopsys DesignWare MAC.
Signed-off-by: Beniamino Galvani <b.galvani@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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Current ICMP rate limiting uses inetpeer cache, which is an RBL tree
protected by a lock, meaning that hosts can be stuck hard if all cpus
want to check ICMP limits.
When say a DNS or NTP server process is restarted, inetpeer tree grows
quick and machine comes to its knees.
iptables can not help because the bottleneck happens before ICMP
messages are even cooked and sent.
This patch adds a new global limitation, using a token bucket filter,
controlled by two new sysctl :
icmp_msgs_per_sec - INTEGER
Limit maximal number of ICMP packets sent per second from this host.
Only messages whose type matches icmp_ratemask are
controlled by this limit.
Default: 1000
icmp_msgs_burst - INTEGER
icmp_msgs_per_sec controls number of ICMP packets sent per second,
while icmp_msgs_burst controls the burst size of these packets.
Default: 50
Note that if we really want to send millions of ICMP messages per
second, we might extend idea and infra added in commit 04ca6973f7c1a
("ip: make IP identifiers less predictable") :
add a token bucket in the ip_idents hash and no longer rely on inetpeer.
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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Conflicts:
arch/mips/net/bpf_jit.c
drivers/net/can/flexcan.c
Both the flexcan and MIPS bpf_jit conflicts were cases of simple
overlapping changes.
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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This patch update fec devicetree binding doc that add Optional
properties "fsl,num-tx-queues" and "fsl,num-rx-queues".
Signed-off-by: Fugang Duan <B38611@freescale.com>
Signed-off-by: Frank Li <Frank.Li@freescale.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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This reverts commit c801e3cc1925 ("ipv4: Clarify in docs that accept_local requires rp_filter.").
It is not needed anymore since commit 1dced6a85482 ("ipv4: Restore accept_local behaviour in fib_validate_source()").
Suggested-by: Julian Anastasov <ja@ssi.bg>
Cc: Gregory Detal <gregory.detal@uclouvain.be>
Cc: Christoph Paasch <christoph.paasch@uclouvain.be>
Cc: Hannes Frederic Sowa <hannes@redhat.com>
Cc: Sergei Shtylyov <sergei.shtylyov@cogentembedded.com>
Signed-off-by: Sébastien Barré <sebastien.barre@uclouvain.be>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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This adds the necessary binding documentation for the EMAC Rockchip platform
driver found in RK3066 and RK3188 SoCs.
Signed-off-by: Romain Perier <romain.perier@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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add BPF_LD_IMM64 instruction to load 64-bit immediate value into a register.
All previous instructions were 8-byte. This is first 16-byte instruction.
Two consecutive 'struct bpf_insn' blocks are interpreted as single instruction:
insn[0].code = BPF_LD | BPF_DW | BPF_IMM
insn[0].dst_reg = destination register
insn[0].imm = lower 32-bit
insn[1].code = 0
insn[1].imm = upper 32-bit
All unused fields must be zero.
Classic BPF has similar instruction: BPF_LD | BPF_W | BPF_IMM
which loads 32-bit immediate value into a register.
x64 JITs it as single 'movabsq %rax, imm64'
arm64 may JIT as sequence of four 'movk x0, #imm16, lsl #shift' insn
Note that old eBPF programs are binary compatible with new interpreter.
It helps eBPF programs load 64-bit constant into a register with one
instruction instead of using two registers and 4 instructions:
BPF_MOV32_IMM(R1, imm32)
BPF_ALU64_IMM(BPF_LSH, R1, 32)
BPF_MOV32_IMM(R2, imm32)
BPF_ALU64_REG(BPF_OR, R1, R2)
User space generated programs will use this instruction to load constants only.
To tell kernel that user space needs a pointer the _pseudo_ variant of
this instruction may be added later, which will use extra bits of encoding
to indicate what type of pointer user space is asking kernel to provide.
For example 'off' or 'src_reg' fields can be used for such purpose.
src_reg = 1 could mean that user space is asking kernel to validate and
load in-kernel map pointer.
src_reg = 2 could mean that user space needs readonly data section pointer
src_reg = 3 could mean that user space needs a pointer to per-cpu local data
All such future pseudo instructions will not be carrying the actual pointer
as part of the instruction, but rather will be treated as a request to kernel
to provide one. The kernel will verify the request_for_a_pointer, then
will drop _pseudo_ marking and will store actual internal pointer inside
the instruction, so the end result is the interpreter and JITs never
see pseudo BPF_LD_IMM64 insns and only operate on generic BPF_LD_IMM64 that
loads 64-bit immediate into a register. User space never operates on direct
pointers and verifier can easily recognize request_for_pointer vs other
instructions.
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@plumgrid.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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A buffer is incorrectly zeroed to the length of the pointer. If
cfg_payload_len < sizeof(void *) this can overwrites unrelated memory.
The buffer contents are never read, so no need to zero.
Fixes: 8fe2f761cae9 ("net-timestamp: expand documentation")
Reported-by: Daniel Borkmann <dborkman@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Willem de Bruijn <willemb@google.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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As in IPv6 people might increase the igmp query robustness variable to
make sure unsolicited state change reports aren't lost on the network. Add
and document this new knob to igmp code.
RFCs allow tuning this parameter back to first IGMP RFC, so we also use
this setting for all counters, including source specific multicast.
Also take over sysctl value when upping the interface and don't reuse
the last one seen on the interface.
Cc: Flavio Leitner <fbl@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Hannes Frederic Sowa <hannes@stressinduktion.org>
Acked-by: Flavio Leitner <fbl@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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This patch adds a new sysctl_mld_qrv knob to configure the mldv1/v2 query
robustness variable. It specifies how many retransmit of unsolicited mld
retransmit should happen. Admins might want to tune this on lossy links.
Also reset mld state on interface down/up, so we pick up new sysctl
settings during interface up event.
IPv6 certification requests this knob to be available.
I didn't make this knob netns specific, as it is mostly a setting in a
physical environment and should be per host.
Cc: Flavio Leitner <fbl@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Hannes Frederic Sowa <hannes@stressinduktion.org>
Acked-by: Flavio Leitner <fbl@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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Expand Documentation/networking/timestamping.txt with new
interfaces and bytestream timestamping. Also minor
cleanup of the other text.
Import txtimestamp.c test of the new features.
Signed-off-by: Willem de Bruijn <willemb@google.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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TIPC name table updates are distributed asynchronously in a cluster,
entailing a risk of certain race conditions. E.g., if two nodes
simultaneously issue conflicting (overlapping) publications, this may
not be detected until both publications have reached a third node, in
which case one of the publications will be silently dropped on that
node. Hence, we end up with an inconsistent name table.
In most cases this conflict is just a temporary race, e.g., one
node is issuing a publication under the assumption that a previous,
conflicting, publication has already been withdrawn by the other node.
However, because of the (rtt related) distributed update delay, this
may not yet hold true on all nodes. The symptom of this failure is a
syslog message: "tipc: Cannot publish {%u,%u,%u}, overlap error".
In this commit we add a resiliency queue at the receiving end of
the name table distributor. When insertion of an arriving publication
fails, we retain it in this queue for a short amount of time, assuming
that another update will arrive very soon and clear the conflict. If so
happens, we insert the publication, otherwise we drop it.
The (configurable) retention value defaults to 2000 ms. Knowing from
experience that the situation described above is extremely rare, there
is no risk that the queue will accumulate any large number of items.
Signed-off-by: Erik Hugne <erik.hugne@ericsson.com>
Signed-off-by: Jon Maloy <jon.maloy@ericsson.com>
Acked-by: Ying Xue <ying.xue@windriver.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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