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Pull ARM updates from Russell King:
- update unwinder to cope with module PLTs
- enable UBSAN on ARM
- improve kernel fault message
- update UEFI runtime page tables dump
- avoid clang's __aeabi_uldivmod generated in NWFPE code
- disable FIQs on CPU shutdown paths
- update XOR register usage
- a number of build updates (using .arch, thread pointer, removal of
lazy evaluation in Makefile)
- conversion of stacktrace code to stackwalk
- findbit assembly updates
- hwcap feature updates for ARMv8 CPUs
- instruction dump updates for big-endian platforms
- support for function error injection
* tag 'for-linus' of git://git.armlinux.org.uk/~rmk/linux-arm: (31 commits)
ARM: 9279/1: support function error injection
ARM: 9277/1: Make the dumped instructions are consistent with the disassembled ones
ARM: 9276/1: Refactor dump_instr()
ARM: 9275/1: Drop '-mthumb' from AFLAGS_ISA
ARM: 9274/1: Add hwcap for Speculative Store Bypassing Safe
ARM: 9273/1: Add hwcap for Speculation Barrier(SB)
ARM: 9272/1: vfp: Add hwcap for FEAT_AA32I8MM
ARM: 9271/1: vfp: Add hwcap for FEAT_AA32BF16
ARM: 9270/1: vfp: Add hwcap for FEAT_FHM
ARM: 9269/1: vfp: Add hwcap for FEAT_DotProd
ARM: 9268/1: vfp: Add hwcap FPHP and ASIMDHP for FEAT_FP16
ARM: 9267/1: Define Armv8 registers in AArch32 state
ARM: findbit: add unwinder information
ARM: findbit: operate by words
ARM: findbit: convert to macros
ARM: findbit: provide more efficient ARMv7 implementation
ARM: findbit: document ARMv5 bit offset calculation
ARM: 9259/1: stacktrace: Convert stacktrace to generic ARCH_STACKWALK
ARM: 9258/1: stacktrace: Make stack walk callback consistent with generic code
ARM: 9265/1: pass -march= only to compiler
...
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disassembled ones
In ARM, the mapping of instruction memory is always little-endian, except
some BE-32 supported ARM architectures. Such as ARMv7-R, its instruction
endianness may be BE-32. Of course, its data endianness will also be BE-32
mode. Due to two negatives make a positive, the instruction stored in the
register after reading is in little-endian format. But for the case of
BE-8, the instruction endianness is LE, the instruction stored in the
register after reading is in big-endian format, which is inconsistent
with the disassembled one.
For example:
The content of disassembly:
c0429ee8: e3500000 cmp r0, #0
c0429eec: 159f2044 ldrne r2, [pc, #68]
c0429ef0: 108f2002 addne r2, pc, r2
c0429ef4: 1882000a stmne r2, {r1, r3}
c0429ef8: e7f000f0 udf #0
The output of undefined instruction exception:
Internal error: Oops - undefined instruction: 0 [#1] SMP ARM
... ...
Code: 000050e3 44209f15 02208f10 0a008218 (f000f0e7)
This inconveniences the checking of instructions. What's worse is that,
for somebody who don't know about this, might think the instructions are
all broken.
So, when CONFIG_CPU_ENDIAN_BE8=y, let's convert the instructions to
little-endian format before they are printed. The conversion result is
as follows:
Code: e3500000 159f2044 108f2002 1882000a (e7f000f0)
Signed-off-by: Zhen Lei <thunder.leizhen@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King (Oracle) <rmk+kernel@armlinux.org.uk>
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1. Rename local variable 'val16' to 'tmp'. So that the processing
statements of thumb and arm can be aligned.
2. Fix two sparse check warnings: (add __user for type conversion)
warning: incorrect type in initializer (different address spaces)
expected unsigned short [noderef] __user *register __p
got unsigned short [usertype] *
3. Prepare for the next patch to avoid repeated judgment.
Before:
if (!user_mode(regs)) {
if (thumb)
else
} else {
if (thumb)
else
}
After:
if (thumb) {
if (user_mode(regs))
else
} else {
if (user_mode(regs))
else
}
Signed-off-by: Zhen Lei <thunder.leizhen@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King (Oracle) <rmk+kernel@armlinux.org.uk>
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Speculative Store Bypassing Safe(FEAT_SSBS) is a feature present in
AArch32 state for Armv8 and is represented by ID_PFR2_EL1.SSBS
identification register.
This feature denotes the presence of PSTATE.ssbs bit and hence adding a
hwcap will enable the userspace to check it before trying to set/unset
this PSTATE.
This commit adds the ID feature bit detection, and uses elf_hwcap2
accordingly.
Reviewed-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Amit Daniel Kachhap <amit.kachhap@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King (Oracle) <rmk+kernel@armlinux.org.uk>
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Speculation Barrier(FEAT_SB) is a feature present in AArch32 state for
Armv8 and is represented by ISAR6.SB identification register.
This feature denotes the presence of SB instruction and hence adding a
hwcap will enable the userspace to check it before trying to use this
instruction.
This commit adds the ID feature bit detection, and uses elf_hwcap2
accordingly.
Reviewed-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Amit Daniel Kachhap <amit.kachhap@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King (Oracle) <rmk+kernel@armlinux.org.uk>
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Int8 matrix multiplication (FEAT_AA32I8MM) is a feature present in AArch32 state for Armv8 and is represented by ISAR6.I8MM identification register.
This feature denotes the presence of VSMMLA, VSUDOT, VUMMLA, VUSMMLA and
VUSDOT instructions and hence adding a hwcap will enable the userspace
to check it before trying to use those instructions.
Reviewed-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Amit Daniel Kachhap <amit.kachhap@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King (Oracle) <rmk+kernel@armlinux.org.uk>
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Advanced SIMD BFloat16 (FEAT_AA32BF16) is a feature present in AArch32
state for Armv8 and is represented by ISAR6.BF16 identification
register.
This feature denotes the presence of VCVT, VCVTB, VCVTT, VDOT, VFMAB,
VFMAT and VMMLA instructions and hence adding a hwcap will enable the
userspace to check it before trying to use those instructions.
Reviewed-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Amit Daniel Kachhap <amit.kachhap@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King (Oracle) <rmk+kernel@armlinux.org.uk>
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Floating-point half-precision multiplication (FHM) is a feature present
in AArch32 state for Armv8 and is represented by ISAR6.FHM identification register.
This feature denotes the presence of VFMAL and VMFSL instructions and
hence adding a hwcap will enable the userspace to check it before
trying to use those instructions.
Reviewed-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Amit Daniel Kachhap <amit.kachhap@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King (Oracle) <rmk+kernel@armlinux.org.uk>
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Advanced Dot product is a feature present in AArch32 state for Armv8 and
is represented by ISAR6 identification register.
This feature denotes the presence of UDOT and SDOT instructions and hence adding a hwcap will enable the userspace to check it before trying to use those instructions.
Reviewed-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Amit Daniel Kachhap <amit.kachhap@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King (Oracle) <rmk+kernel@armlinux.org.uk>
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Floating point half-precision (FPHP) and Advanced SIMD half-precision
(ASIMDHP) are VFP features (FEAT_FP16) represented by MVFR1 identification register. These capabilities can optionally exist with VFPv3 and mandatory with VFPv4. Both these new features exist for Armv8 architecture in AArch32 state.
These hwcaps may be useful for the userspace to add conditional check
before trying to use FEAT_FP16 feature specific instructions.
Reviewed-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Amit Daniel Kachhap <amit.kachhap@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King (Oracle) <rmk+kernel@armlinux.org.uk>
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Historically architectures have had duplicated code in their stack trace
implementations for filtering what gets traced. In order to avoid this
duplication some generic code has been provided using a new interface
arch_stack_walk(), enabled by selecting ARCH_STACKWALK in Kconfig, which
factors all this out into the generic stack trace code. Convert ARM to
use this common infrastructure.
When initializing the stack frame of the current task, arm64 uses
__builtin_frame_address(1) to initialize the frame pointer, skipping
arch_stack_walk(), see the commit c607ab4f916d ("arm64: stacktrace:
don't trace arch_stack_walk()"). Since __builtin_frame_address(1) does
not work on ARM, unwind_frame() is used to unwind the stack one layer
forward before calling walk_stackframe().
Signed-off-by: Li Huafei <lihuafei1@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Russell King (Oracle) <rmk+kernel@armlinux.org.uk>
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As with the generic arch_stack_walk() code the ARM stack walk code takes
a callback that is called per stack frame. Currently the ARM code always
passes a struct stackframe to the callback and the generic code just
passes the pc, however none of the users ever reference anything in the
struct other than the pc value. The ARM code also uses a return type of
int while the generic code uses a return type of bool though in both
cases the return value is a boolean value and the sense is inverted
between the two.
In order to reduce code duplication when ARM is converted to use
arch_stack_walk() change the signature and return sense of the ARM
specific callback to match that of the generic code.
Signed-off-by: Li Huafei <lihuafei1@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Linus Waleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Russell King (Oracle) <rmk+kernel@armlinux.org.uk>
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Similar to commit a6c30873ee4a ("ARM: 8989/1: use .fpu assembler
directives instead of assembler arguments").
GCC and GNU binutils support setting the "sub arch" via -march=,
-Wa,-march, target function attribute, and .arch assembler directive.
Clang was missing support for -Wa,-march=, but this was implemented in
clang-13.
The behavior of both GCC and Clang is to
prefer -Wa,-march= over -march= for assembler and assembler-with-cpp
sources, but Clang will warn about the -march= being unused.
clang: warning: argument unused during compilation: '-march=armv6k'
[-Wunused-command-line-argument]
Since most assembler is non-conditionally assembled with one sub arch
(modulo arch/arm/delay-loop.S which conditionally is assembled as armv4
based on CONFIG_ARCH_RPC, and arch/arm/mach-at91/pm-suspend.S which is
conditionally assembled as armv7-a based on CONFIG_CPU_V7), prefer the
.arch assembler directive.
Add a few more instances found in compile testing as found by Arnd and
Nathan.
Link: https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/commit/1d51c699b9e2ebc5bcfdbe85c74cc871426333d4
Link: https://bugs.llvm.org/show_bug.cgi?id=48894
Link: https://github.com/ClangBuiltLinux/linux/issues/1195
Link: https://github.com/ClangBuiltLinux/linux/issues/1315
Suggested-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Suggested-by: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Tested-by: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King (Oracle) <rmk+kernel@armlinux.org.uk>
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Currently the regular CPU shutdown path for ARM disables IRQs/FIQs
in the secondary CPUs - smp_send_stop() calls ipi_cpu_stop(), which
is responsible for that. IRQs are architecturally masked when we
take an interrupt, but FIQs are high priority than IRQs, hence they
aren't masked. With that said, it makes sense to disable FIQs here,
but there's no need for (re-)disabling IRQs.
More than that: there is an alternative path for disabling CPUs,
in the form of function crash_smp_send_stop(), which is used for
kexec/panic path. This function relies on a SMP call that also
triggers a busy-wait loop [at machine_crash_nonpanic_core()], but
without disabling FIQs. This might lead to odd scenarios, like
early interrupts in the boot of kexec'd kernel or even interrupts
in secondary "disabled" CPUs while the main one still works in the
panic path and assumes all secondary CPUs are (really!) off.
So, let's disable FIQs in both paths and *not* disable IRQs a second
time, since they are already masked in both paths by the architecture.
This way, we keep both CPU quiesce paths consistent and safe.
Cc: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>
Cc: Michael Kelley <mikelley@microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Guilherme G. Piccoli <gpiccoli@igalia.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King (Oracle) <rmk+kernel@armlinux.org.uk>
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"unwind: Index not found eef26358" warnings keep popping up on
CONFIG_ARM_MODULE_PLTS-enabled systems if the PC points to a PLT veneer.
Teach the unwinder how to deal with them, taking into account they don't
change state of the stack or register file except loading PC.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-arm-kernel/20200402153845.30985-1-kursad.oney@broadcom.com/
Tested-by: Kursad Oney <kursad.oney@broadcom.com>
Reviewed-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Alexander Sverdlin <alexander.sverdlin@nokia.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King (Oracle) <rmk+kernel@armlinux.org.uk>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/efi/efi
Pull EFI updates from Ard Biesheuvel:
"Another fairly sizable pull request, by EFI subsystem standards.
Most of the work was done by me, some of it in collaboration with the
distro and bootloader folks (GRUB, systemd-boot), where the main focus
has been on removing pointless per-arch differences in the way EFI
boots a Linux kernel.
- Refactor the zboot code so that it incorporates all the EFI stub
logic, rather than calling the decompressed kernel as a EFI app.
- Add support for initrd= command line option to x86 mixed mode.
- Allow initrd= to be used with arbitrary EFI accessible file systems
instead of just the one the kernel itself was loaded from.
- Move some x86-only handling and manipulation of the EFI memory map
into arch/x86, as it is not used anywhere else.
- More flexible handling of any random seeds provided by the boot
environment (i.e., systemd-boot) so that it becomes available much
earlier during the boot.
- Allow improved arch-agnostic EFI support in loaders, by setting a
uniform baseline of supported features, and adding a generic magic
number to the DOS/PE header. This should allow loaders such as GRUB
or systemd-boot to reduce the amount of arch-specific handling
substantially.
- (arm64) Run EFI runtime services from a dedicated stack, and use it
to recover from synchronous exceptions that might occur in the
firmware code.
- (arm64) Ensure that we don't allocate memory outside of the 48-bit
addressable physical range.
- Make EFI pstore record size configurable
- Add support for decoding CXL specific CPER records"
* tag 'efi-next-for-v6.2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/efi/efi: (43 commits)
arm64: efi: Recover from synchronous exceptions occurring in firmware
arm64: efi: Execute runtime services from a dedicated stack
arm64: efi: Limit allocations to 48-bit addressable physical region
efi: Put Linux specific magic number in the DOS header
efi: libstub: Always enable initrd command line loader and bump version
efi: stub: use random seed from EFI variable
efi: vars: prohibit reading random seed variables
efi: random: combine bootloader provided RNG seed with RNG protocol output
efi/cper, cxl: Decode CXL Error Log
efi/cper, cxl: Decode CXL Protocol Error Section
efi: libstub: fix efi_load_initrd_dev_path() kernel-doc comment
efi: x86: Move EFI runtime map sysfs code to arch/x86
efi: runtime-maps: Clarify purpose and enable by default for kexec
efi: pstore: Add module parameter for setting the record size
efi: xen: Set EFI_PARAVIRT for Xen dom0 boot on all architectures
efi: memmap: Move manipulation routines into x86 arch tree
efi: memmap: Move EFI fake memmap support into x86 arch tree
efi: libstub: Undeprecate the command line initrd loader
efi: libstub: Add mixed mode support to command line initrd loader
efi: libstub: Permit mixed mode return types other than efi_status_t
...
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Currently, arm64, RISC-V and LoongArch rely on the fact that struct
screen_info can be accessed directly, due to the fact that the EFI stub
and the core kernel are part of the same image. This will change after a
future patch, so let's ensure that the screen_info handling is able to
deal with this, by adopting the arm32 approach of passing it as a
configuration table. While at it, switch to ACPI reclaim memory to hold
the screen_info data, which is more appropriate for this kind of
allocation.
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm
Pull non-MM updates from Andrew Morton:
- A ptrace API cleanup series from Sergey Shtylyov
- Fixes and cleanups for kexec from ye xingchen
- nilfs2 updates from Ryusuke Konishi
- squashfs feature work from Xiaoming Ni: permit configuration of the
filesystem's compression concurrency from the mount command line
- A series from Akinobu Mita which addresses bound checking errors when
writing to debugfs files
- A series from Yang Yingliang to address rapidio memory leaks
- A series from Zheng Yejian to address possible overflow errors in
encode_comp_t()
- And a whole shower of singleton patches all over the place
* tag 'mm-nonmm-stable-2022-12-12' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm: (79 commits)
ipc: fix memory leak in init_mqueue_fs()
hfsplus: fix bug causing custom uid and gid being unable to be assigned with mount
rapidio: devices: fix missing put_device in mport_cdev_open
kcov: fix spelling typos in comments
hfs: Fix OOB Write in hfs_asc2mac
hfs: fix OOB Read in __hfs_brec_find
relay: fix type mismatch when allocating memory in relay_create_buf()
ocfs2: always read both high and low parts of dinode link count
io-mapping: move some code within the include guarded section
kernel: kcsan: kcsan_test: build without structleak plugin
mailmap: update email for Iskren Chernev
eventfd: change int to __u64 in eventfd_signal() ifndef CONFIG_EVENTFD
rapidio: fix possible UAF when kfifo_alloc() fails
relay: use strscpy() is more robust and safer
cpumask: limit visibility of FORCE_NR_CPUS
acct: fix potential integer overflow in encode_comp_t()
acct: fix accuracy loss for input value of encode_comp_t()
linux/init.h: include <linux/build_bug.h> and <linux/stringify.h>
rapidio: rio: fix possible name leak in rio_register_mport()
rapidio: fix possible name leaks when rio_add_device() fails
...
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This symbol is not used outside of the file, so mark it static.
Fixes the following warning:
arch/arm/kernel/machine_kexec.c:76:6: warning: symbol 'machine_crash_nonpanic_core' was not declared. Should it be static?
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20220929042936.22012-5-bhe@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Chen Lifu <chenlifu@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Cc: "Eric W . Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Jianglei Nie <niejianglei2021@163.com>
Cc: Li Chen <lchen@ambarella.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: ye xingchen <ye.xingchen@zte.com.cn>
Cc: Zeal Robot <zealci@zte.com.cn>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
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user_regset_copyin_ignore() always returns 0, so checking its result seems
pointless -- don't do this anymore...
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20221014212235.10770-3-s.shtylyov@omp.ru
Signed-off-by: Sergey Shtylyov <s.shtylyov@omp.ru>
Cc: Brian Cain <bcain@quicinc.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy@csgroup.eu>
Cc: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Dinh Nguyen <dinguyen@kernel.org>
Cc: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
Cc: James Bottomley <James.Bottomley@HansenPartnership.com>
Cc: Jonas Bonn <jonas@southpole.se>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Rich Felker <dalias@libc.org>
Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk>
Cc: Stafford Horne <shorne@gmail.com>
Cc: Stefan Kristiansson <stefan.kristiansson@saunalahti.fi>
Cc: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Cc: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.osdn.me>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
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This is a simple mechanical transformation done by:
@@
expression E;
@@
- prandom_u32_max
+ get_random_u32_below
(E)
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Acked-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org> # for xfs
Reviewed-by: SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org> # for damon
Reviewed-by: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@nvidia.com> # for infiniband
Reviewed-by: Russell King (Oracle) <rmk+kernel@armlinux.org.uk> # for arm
Acked-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org> # for mmc
Signed-off-by: Jason A. Donenfeld <Jason@zx2c4.com>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/crng/random
Pull more random number generator updates from Jason Donenfeld:
"This time with some large scale treewide cleanups.
The intent of this pull is to clean up the way callers fetch random
integers. The current rules for doing this right are:
- If you want a secure or an insecure random u64, use get_random_u64()
- If you want a secure or an insecure random u32, use get_random_u32()
The old function prandom_u32() has been deprecated for a while
now and is just a wrapper around get_random_u32(). Same for
get_random_int().
- If you want a secure or an insecure random u16, use get_random_u16()
- If you want a secure or an insecure random u8, use get_random_u8()
- If you want secure or insecure random bytes, use get_random_bytes().
The old function prandom_bytes() has been deprecated for a while
now and has long been a wrapper around get_random_bytes()
- If you want a non-uniform random u32, u16, or u8 bounded by a
certain open interval maximum, use prandom_u32_max()
I say "non-uniform", because it doesn't do any rejection sampling
or divisions. Hence, it stays within the prandom_*() namespace, not
the get_random_*() namespace.
I'm currently investigating a "uniform" function for 6.2. We'll see
what comes of that.
By applying these rules uniformly, we get several benefits:
- By using prandom_u32_max() with an upper-bound that the compiler
can prove at compile-time is ≤65536 or ≤256, internally
get_random_u16() or get_random_u8() is used, which wastes fewer
batched random bytes, and hence has higher throughput.
- By using prandom_u32_max() instead of %, when the upper-bound is
not a constant, division is still avoided, because
prandom_u32_max() uses a faster multiplication-based trick instead.
- By using get_random_u16() or get_random_u8() in cases where the
return value is intended to indeed be a u16 or a u8, we waste fewer
batched random bytes, and hence have higher throughput.
This series was originally done by hand while I was on an airplane
without Internet. Later, Kees and I worked on retroactively figuring
out what could be done with Coccinelle and what had to be done
manually, and then we split things up based on that.
So while this touches a lot of files, the actual amount of code that's
hand fiddled is comfortably small"
* tag 'random-6.1-rc1-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/crng/random:
prandom: remove unused functions
treewide: use get_random_bytes() when possible
treewide: use get_random_u32() when possible
treewide: use get_random_{u8,u16}() when possible, part 2
treewide: use get_random_{u8,u16}() when possible, part 1
treewide: use prandom_u32_max() when possible, part 2
treewide: use prandom_u32_max() when possible, part 1
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Rather than truncate a 32-bit value to a 16-bit value or an 8-bit value,
simply use the get_random_{u8,u16}() functions, which are faster than
wasting the additional bytes from a 32-bit value. This was done
mechanically with this coccinelle script:
@@
expression E;
identifier get_random_u32 =~ "get_random_int|prandom_u32|get_random_u32";
typedef u16;
typedef __be16;
typedef __le16;
typedef u8;
@@
(
- (get_random_u32() & 0xffff)
+ get_random_u16()
|
- (get_random_u32() & 0xff)
+ get_random_u8()
|
- (get_random_u32() % 65536)
+ get_random_u16()
|
- (get_random_u32() % 256)
+ get_random_u8()
|
- (get_random_u32() >> 16)
+ get_random_u16()
|
- (get_random_u32() >> 24)
+ get_random_u8()
|
- (u16)get_random_u32()
+ get_random_u16()
|
- (u8)get_random_u32()
+ get_random_u8()
|
- (__be16)get_random_u32()
+ (__be16)get_random_u16()
|
- (__le16)get_random_u32()
+ (__le16)get_random_u16()
|
- prandom_u32_max(65536)
+ get_random_u16()
|
- prandom_u32_max(256)
+ get_random_u8()
|
- E->inet_id = get_random_u32()
+ E->inet_id = get_random_u16()
)
@@
identifier get_random_u32 =~ "get_random_int|prandom_u32|get_random_u32";
typedef u16;
identifier v;
@@
- u16 v = get_random_u32();
+ u16 v = get_random_u16();
@@
identifier get_random_u32 =~ "get_random_int|prandom_u32|get_random_u32";
typedef u8;
identifier v;
@@
- u8 v = get_random_u32();
+ u8 v = get_random_u8();
@@
identifier get_random_u32 =~ "get_random_int|prandom_u32|get_random_u32";
typedef u16;
u16 v;
@@
- v = get_random_u32();
+ v = get_random_u16();
@@
identifier get_random_u32 =~ "get_random_int|prandom_u32|get_random_u32";
typedef u8;
u8 v;
@@
- v = get_random_u32();
+ v = get_random_u8();
// Find a potential literal
@literal_mask@
expression LITERAL;
type T;
identifier get_random_u32 =~ "get_random_int|prandom_u32|get_random_u32";
position p;
@@
((T)get_random_u32()@p & (LITERAL))
// Examine limits
@script:python add_one@
literal << literal_mask.LITERAL;
RESULT;
@@
value = None
if literal.startswith('0x'):
value = int(literal, 16)
elif literal[0] in '123456789':
value = int(literal, 10)
if value is None:
print("I don't know how to handle %s" % (literal))
cocci.include_match(False)
elif value < 256:
coccinelle.RESULT = cocci.make_ident("get_random_u8")
elif value < 65536:
coccinelle.RESULT = cocci.make_ident("get_random_u16")
else:
print("Skipping large mask of %s" % (literal))
cocci.include_match(False)
// Replace the literal mask with the calculated result.
@plus_one@
expression literal_mask.LITERAL;
position literal_mask.p;
identifier add_one.RESULT;
identifier FUNC;
@@
- (FUNC()@p & (LITERAL))
+ (RESULT() & LITERAL)
Reviewed-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Yury Norov <yury.norov@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Toke Høiland-Jørgensen <toke@toke.dk> # for sch_cake
Signed-off-by: Jason A. Donenfeld <Jason@zx2c4.com>
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Rather than incurring a division or requesting too many random bytes for
the given range, use the prandom_u32_max() function, which only takes
the minimum required bytes from the RNG and avoids divisions. This was
done mechanically with this coccinelle script:
@basic@
expression E;
type T;
identifier get_random_u32 =~ "get_random_int|prandom_u32|get_random_u32";
typedef u64;
@@
(
- ((T)get_random_u32() % (E))
+ prandom_u32_max(E)
|
- ((T)get_random_u32() & ((E) - 1))
+ prandom_u32_max(E * XXX_MAKE_SURE_E_IS_POW2)
|
- ((u64)(E) * get_random_u32() >> 32)
+ prandom_u32_max(E)
|
- ((T)get_random_u32() & ~PAGE_MASK)
+ prandom_u32_max(PAGE_SIZE)
)
@multi_line@
identifier get_random_u32 =~ "get_random_int|prandom_u32|get_random_u32";
identifier RAND;
expression E;
@@
- RAND = get_random_u32();
... when != RAND
- RAND %= (E);
+ RAND = prandom_u32_max(E);
// Find a potential literal
@literal_mask@
expression LITERAL;
type T;
identifier get_random_u32 =~ "get_random_int|prandom_u32|get_random_u32";
position p;
@@
((T)get_random_u32()@p & (LITERAL))
// Add one to the literal.
@script:python add_one@
literal << literal_mask.LITERAL;
RESULT;
@@
value = None
if literal.startswith('0x'):
value = int(literal, 16)
elif literal[0] in '123456789':
value = int(literal, 10)
if value is None:
print("I don't know how to handle %s" % (literal))
cocci.include_match(False)
elif value == 2**32 - 1 or value == 2**31 - 1 or value == 2**24 - 1 or value == 2**16 - 1 or value == 2**8 - 1:
print("Skipping 0x%x for cleanup elsewhere" % (value))
cocci.include_match(False)
elif value & (value + 1) != 0:
print("Skipping 0x%x because it's not a power of two minus one" % (value))
cocci.include_match(False)
elif literal.startswith('0x'):
coccinelle.RESULT = cocci.make_expr("0x%x" % (value + 1))
else:
coccinelle.RESULT = cocci.make_expr("%d" % (value + 1))
// Replace the literal mask with the calculated result.
@plus_one@
expression literal_mask.LITERAL;
position literal_mask.p;
expression add_one.RESULT;
identifier FUNC;
@@
- (FUNC()@p & (LITERAL))
+ prandom_u32_max(RESULT)
@collapse_ret@
type T;
identifier VAR;
expression E;
@@
{
- T VAR;
- VAR = (E);
- return VAR;
+ return E;
}
@drop_var@
type T;
identifier VAR;
@@
{
- T VAR;
... when != VAR
}
Reviewed-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Yury Norov <yury.norov@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: KP Singh <kpsingh@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz> # for ext4 and sbitmap
Reviewed-by: Christoph Böhmwalder <christoph.boehmwalder@linbit.com> # for drbd
Acked-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com> # for s390
Acked-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org> # for mmc
Acked-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org> # for xfs
Signed-off-by: Jason A. Donenfeld <Jason@zx2c4.com>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm
Pull non-MM updates from Andrew Morton:
- hfs and hfsplus kmap API modernization (Fabio Francesco)
- make crash-kexec work properly when invoked from an NMI-time panic
(Valentin Schneider)
- ntfs bugfixes (Hawkins Jiawei)
- improve IPC msg scalability by replacing atomic_t's with percpu
counters (Jiebin Sun)
- nilfs2 cleanups (Minghao Chi)
- lots of other single patches all over the tree!
* tag 'mm-nonmm-stable-2022-10-11' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm: (71 commits)
include/linux/entry-common.h: remove has_signal comment of arch_do_signal_or_restart() prototype
proc: test how it holds up with mapping'less process
mailmap: update Frank Rowand email address
ia64: mca: use strscpy() is more robust and safer
init/Kconfig: fix unmet direct dependencies
ia64: update config files
nilfs2: replace WARN_ONs by nilfs_error for checkpoint acquisition failure
fork: remove duplicate included header files
init/main.c: remove unnecessary (void*) conversions
proc: mark more files as permanent
nilfs2: remove the unneeded result variable
nilfs2: delete unnecessary checks before brelse()
checkpatch: warn for non-standard fixes tag style
usr/gen_init_cpio.c: remove unnecessary -1 values from int file
ipc/msg: mitigate the lock contention with percpu counter
percpu: add percpu_counter_add_local and percpu_counter_sub_local
fs/ocfs2: fix repeated words in comments
relay: use kvcalloc to alloc page array in relay_alloc_page_array
proc: make config PROC_CHILDREN depend on PROC_FS
fs: uninline inode_maybe_inc_iversion()
...
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Only x86 has own release_thread(), introduce a new weak release_thread()
function to clean empty definitions in other ARCHs.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20220819014406.32266-1-wangkefeng.wang@huawei.com
Signed-off-by: Kefeng Wang <wangkefeng.wang@huawei.com>
Acked-by: Guo Ren <guoren@kernel.org> [csky]
Acked-by: Russell King (Oracle) <rmk+kernel@armlinux.org.uk>
Acked-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Acked-by: Brian Cain <bcain@quicinc.com>
Acked-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au> [powerpc]
Acked-by: Stafford Horne <shorne@gmail.com> [openrisc]
Acked-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com> [arm64]
Acked-by: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@kernel.org> [LoongArch]
Cc: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Anton Ivanov <anton.ivanov@cambridgegreys.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy@csgroup.eu>
Cc: Chris Zankel <chris@zankel.net>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Dinh Nguyen <dinguyen@kernel.org>
Cc: Guo Ren <guoren@kernel.org> [csky]
Cc: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Ivan Kokshaysky <ink@jurassic.park.msu.ru>
Cc: James Bottomley <James.Bottomley@HansenPartnership.com>
Cc: Johannes Berg <johannes@sipsolutions.net>
Cc: Jonas Bonn <jonas@southpole.se>
Cc: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com>
Cc: Max Filippov <jcmvbkbc@gmail.com>
Cc: Michal Simek <monstr@monstr.eu>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@dabbelt.com>
Cc: Paul Walmsley <paul.walmsley@sifive.com>
Cc: Richard Henderson <richard.henderson@linaro.org>
Cc: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
Cc: Rich Felker <dalias@libc.org>
Cc: Stefan Kristiansson <stefan.kristiansson@saunalahti.fi>
Cc: Sven Schnelle <svens@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Vasily Gorbik <gor@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@kernel.org>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Cc: Xuerui Wang <kernel@xen0n.name>
Cc: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.osdn.me>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/masahiroy/linux-kbuild
Pull Kbuild updates from Masahiro Yamada:
- Remove potentially incomplete targets when Kbuid is interrupted by
SIGINT etc in case GNU Make may miss to do that when stderr is piped
to another program.
- Rewrite the single target build so it works more correctly.
- Fix rpm-pkg builds with V=1.
- List top-level subdirectories in ./Kbuild.
- Ignore auto-generated __kstrtab_* and __kstrtabns_* symbols in
kallsyms.
- Avoid two different modules in lib/zstd/ having shared code, which
potentially causes building the common code as build-in and modular
back-and-forth.
- Unify two modpost invocations to optimize the build process.
- Remove head-y syntax in favor of linker scripts for placing
particular sections in the head of vmlinux.
- Bump the minimal GNU Make version to 3.82.
- Clean up misc Makefiles and scripts.
* tag 'kbuild-v6.1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/masahiroy/linux-kbuild: (41 commits)
docs: bump minimal GNU Make version to 3.82
ia64: simplify esi object addition in Makefile
Revert "kbuild: Check if linker supports the -X option"
kbuild: rebuild .vmlinux.export.o when its prerequisite is updated
kbuild: move modules.builtin(.modinfo) rules to Makefile.vmlinux_o
zstd: Fixing mixed module-builtin objects
kallsyms: ignore __kstrtab_* and __kstrtabns_* symbols
kallsyms: take the input file instead of reading stdin
kallsyms: drop duplicated ignore patterns from kallsyms.c
kbuild: reuse mksysmap output for kallsyms
mksysmap: update comment about __crc_*
kbuild: remove head-y syntax
kbuild: use obj-y instead extra-y for objects placed at the head
kbuild: hide error checker logs for V=1 builds
kbuild: re-run modpost when it is updated
kbuild: unify two modpost invocations
kbuild: move vmlinux.o rule to the top Makefile
kbuild: move .vmlinux.objs rule to Makefile.modpost
kbuild: list sub-directories in ./Kbuild
Makefile.compiler: replace cc-ifversion with compiler-specific macros
...
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The objects placed at the head of vmlinux need special treatments:
- arch/$(SRCARCH)/Makefile adds them to head-y in order to place
them before other archives in the linker command line.
- arch/$(SRCARCH)/kernel/Makefile adds them to extra-y instead of
obj-y to avoid them going into built-in.a.
This commit gets rid of the latter.
Create vmlinux.a to collect all the objects that are unconditionally
linked to vmlinux. The objects listed in head-y are moved to the head
of vmlinux.a by using 'ar m'.
With this, arch/$(SRCARCH)/kernel/Makefile can consistently use obj-y
for builtin objects.
There is no *.o that is directly linked to vmlinux. Drop unneeded code
in scripts/clang-tools/gen_compile_commands.py.
$(AR) mPi needs 'T' to workaround the llvm-ar bug. The fix was suggested
by Nathan Chancellor [1].
[1]: https://lore.kernel.org/llvm/YyjjT5gQ2hGMH0ni@dev-arch.thelio-3990X/
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Nicolas Schier <nicolas@fjasle.eu>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/efi/efi
Pull EFI updates from Ard Biesheuvel:
"A bit more going on than usual in the EFI subsystem. The main driver
for this has been the introduction of the LoonArch architecture last
cycle, which inspired some cleanup and refactoring of the EFI code.
Another driver for EFI changes this cycle and in the future is
confidential compute.
The LoongArch architecture does not use either struct bootparams or DT
natively [yet], and so passing information between the EFI stub and
the core kernel using either of those is undesirable. And in general,
overloading DT has been a source of issues on arm64, so using DT for
this on new architectures is a to avoid for the time being (even if we
might converge on something DT based for non-x86 architectures in the
future). For this reason, in addition to the patch that enables EFI
boot for LoongArch, there are a number of refactoring patches applied
on top of which separate the DT bits from the generic EFI stub bits.
These changes are on a separate topich branch that has been shared
with the LoongArch maintainers, who will include it in their pull
request as well. This is not ideal, but the best way to manage the
conflicts without stalling LoongArch for another cycle.
Another development inspired by LoongArch is the newly added support
for EFI based decompressors. Instead of adding yet another
arch-specific incarnation of this pattern for LoongArch, we are
introducing an EFI app based on the existing EFI libstub
infrastructure that encapulates the decompression code we use on other
architectures, but in a way that is fully generic. This has been
developed and tested in collaboration with distro and systemd folks,
who are eager to start using this for systemd-boot and also for arm64
secure boot on Fedora. Note that the EFI zimage files this introduces
can also be decompressed by non-EFI bootloaders if needed, as the
image header describes the location of the payload inside the image,
and the type of compression that was used. (Note that Fedora's arm64
GRUB is buggy [0] so you'll need a recent version or switch to
systemd-boot in order to use this.)
Finally, we are adding TPM measurement of the kernel command line
provided by EFI. There is an oversight in the TCG spec which results
in a blind spot for command line arguments passed to loaded images,
which means that either the loader or the stub needs to take the
measurement. Given the combinatorial explosion I am anticipating when
it comes to firmware/bootloader stacks and firmware based attestation
protocols (SEV-SNP, TDX, DICE, DRTM), it is good to set a baseline now
when it comes to EFI measured boot, which is that the kernel measures
the initrd and command line. Intermediate loaders can measure
additional assets if needed, but with the baseline in place, we can
deploy measured boot in a meaningful way even if you boot into Linux
straight from the EFI firmware.
Summary:
- implement EFI boot support for LoongArch
- implement generic EFI compressed boot support for arm64, RISC-V and
LoongArch, none of which implement a decompressor today
- measure the kernel command line into the TPM if measured boot is in
effect
- refactor the EFI stub code in order to isolate DT dependencies for
architectures other than x86
- avoid calling SetVirtualAddressMap() on arm64 if the configured
size of the VA space guarantees that doing so is unnecessary
- move some ARM specific code out of the generic EFI source files
- unmap kernel code from the x86 mixed mode 1:1 page tables"
* tag 'efi-next-for-v6.1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/efi/efi: (24 commits)
efi/arm64: libstub: avoid SetVirtualAddressMap() when possible
efi: zboot: create MemoryMapped() device path for the parent if needed
efi: libstub: fix up the last remaining open coded boot service call
efi/arm: libstub: move ARM specific code out of generic routines
efi/libstub: measure EFI LoadOptions
efi/libstub: refactor the initrd measuring functions
efi/loongarch: libstub: remove dependency on flattened DT
efi: libstub: install boot-time memory map as config table
efi: libstub: remove DT dependency from generic stub
efi: libstub: unify initrd loading between architectures
efi: libstub: remove pointless goto kludge
efi: libstub: simplify efi_get_memory_map() and struct efi_boot_memmap
efi: libstub: avoid efi_get_memory_map() for allocating the virt map
efi: libstub: drop pointless get_memory_map() call
efi: libstub: fix type confusion for load_options_size
arm64: efi: enable generic EFI compressed boot
loongarch: efi: enable generic EFI compressed boot
riscv: efi: enable generic EFI compressed boot
efi/libstub: implement generic EFI zboot
efi/libstub: move efi_system_table global var into separate object
...
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Move some code that is only reachable when IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ARM) into
the ARM EFI arch code.
Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>
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Pull ARM SoC updates from Arnd Bergmann:
"The main changes this time are for the organization of the Kconfig
files, introducing per-vendor top-level options on arm64 to match
those on arm32, and making the platform selection on arm32 more
uniform, in particular for the remaining StrongARM platforms that
still have a couple of special cases compared to the more recent ones.
I also did a cleanup of the old Footbridge platform, which was the
last holdout for the phys_to_dma()/dma_to_phys() interface that is now
completely gone from arm32, completing work started by Christoph
Hellwig"
* tag 'arm-soc-6.1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/soc/soc: (21 commits)
ARM: aspeed: Kconfig: Fix indentation
ARM: Drop CMDLINE_* dependency on ATAGS
ARM: Drop CMDLINE_FORCE dependency on !ARCH_MULTIPLATFORM
ARM: s3c: remove orphan declarations from arch/arm/mach-s3c/devs.h
pxa: Drop if with an always false condition
ARM: orion: fix include path
ARM: shmobile: Drop selecting SOC_BUS
arm64: renesas: Drop selecting SOC_BUS
ARM: disallow PCI with MMU=n again
ARM: footbridge: remove custom DMA address handling
MAINTAINERS: Add BCM4908 maintainer to BCMBCA entry
ARM: footbridge: move isa-dma support into footbridge
ARM: footbridge: remove leftover from personal-server
ARM: footbridge: remove addin mode
arm64: Kconfig.platforms: Group NXP platforms together
arm64: Kconfig.platforms: Re-organized Broadcom menu
ARM: make ARCH_MULTIPLATFORM user-visible
ARM: fix XIP_KERNEL dependencies
ARM: Kconfig: clean up platform selection
ARM: simplify machdirs/platdirs handling
...
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https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/soc/soc into arm/soc
Now that everything except StrongARM is unified under
CONFIG_ARCH_MULTIPLATFORM, the option is rather meaningless
in its current form.
Rework the Kconfig logic to make this useful again, similar
to the way that RISC-V has CONFIG_NONPORTABLE (with the
opposite polarity), this now controls the visibility of
options that get in the way of building generic kernels,
while allowing custom kernels.
One side-effect is that 'randconfig' builds now rarely hit
strongarm machines, rather than testing them three quarters
of the time.
* 'arm-multiplatform-cleanup' of https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/soc/soc:
ARM: make ARCH_MULTIPLATFORM user-visible
ARM: fix XIP_KERNEL dependencies
ARM: Kconfig: clean up platform selection
ARM: simplify machdirs/platdirs handling
ARM: remove obsolete Makefile.boot infrastructure
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Some options like CONFIG_DEBUG_UNCOMPRESS and CONFIG_CMDLINE_FORCE are
fundamentally incompatible with portable kernels but are currently allowed
in all configurations. Other options like XIP_KERNEL are essentially
useless after the completion of the multiplatform conversion.
Repurpose the existing CONFIG_ARCH_MULTIPLATFORM option to decide
whether the resulting kernel image is meant to be portable or not,
and using this to guard all of the known incompatible options.
This is similar to how the RISC-V kernel handles the CONFIG_NONPORTABLE
option (with the opposite polarity).
A few references to CONFIG_ARCH_MULTIPLATFORM were left behind by
earlier clanups and have to be removed now up.
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
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The dma-isa.c was shared between footbridge and shark a long time ago,
but as shark was removed, it can be made footbridge specific again.
The fb_dma bits in turn are not used at all and can be removed.
All the ISA related files are now built into the platform regardless
of CONFIG_ISA, as they just refer to on-chip devices rather than actual
ISA cards.
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Tested-by: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
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Pull ARM updates from Russell King:
- Print an un-hashed userspace PC on undefined instruction exception
- Disable FDPIC ABI
- Remove redundant vfp_flush/release_thread functions
- Use raw_cpu_* rather than this_cpu_* in handle_bad_stack()
- Avoid needlessly long backtraces when show_regs() is called
- Fix an issue with stack traces through call_with_stack()
- Avoid stack traces saving a duplicate exception PC value
- Pass a void pointer to virt_to_page() in DMA mapping code
- Fix kasan maps for modules when CONFIG_KASAN_VMALLOC=n
- Show FDT region and page table level names in kernel page tables dump
* tag 'for-linus' of git://git.armlinux.org.uk/~rmk/linux-arm:
ARM: 9246/1: dump: show page table level name
ARM: 9245/1: dump: show FDT region
ARM: 9242/1: kasan: Only map modules if CONFIG_KASAN_VMALLOC=n
ARM: 9240/1: dma-mapping: Pass (void *) to virt_to_page()
ARM: 9234/1: stacktrace: Avoid duplicate saving of exception PC value
ARM: 9233/1: stacktrace: Skip frame pointer boundary check for call_with_stack()
ARM: 9224/1: Dump the stack traces based on the parameter 'regs' of show_regs()
ARM: 9232/1: Replace this_cpu_* with raw_cpu_* in handle_bad_stack()
ARM: 9228/1: vfp: kill vfp_flush/release_thread()
ARM: 9226/1: disable FDPIC ABI
ARM: 9221/1: traps: print un-hashed user pc on undefined instruction
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Because an exception stack frame is not created in the exception entry,
save_trace() does special handling for the exception PC, but this is
only needed when CONFIG_FRAME_POINTER_UNWIND=y. When
CONFIG_ARM_UNWIND=y, unwind annotations have been added to the exception
entry and save_trace() will repeatedly save the exception PC:
[0x7f000090] hrtimer_hander+0x8/0x10 [hrtimer]
[0x8019ec50] __hrtimer_run_queues+0x18c/0x394
[0x8019f760] hrtimer_run_queues+0xbc/0xd0
[0x8019def0] update_process_times+0x34/0x80
[0x801ad2a4] tick_periodic+0x48/0xd0
[0x801ad3dc] tick_handle_periodic+0x1c/0x7c
[0x8010f2e0] twd_handler+0x30/0x40
[0x80177620] handle_percpu_devid_irq+0xa0/0x23c
[0x801718d0] generic_handle_domain_irq+0x24/0x34
[0x80502d28] gic_handle_irq+0x74/0x88
[0x8085817c] generic_handle_arch_irq+0x58/0x78
[0x80100ba8] __irq_svc+0x88/0xc8
[0x80108114] arch_cpu_idle+0x38/0x3c
[0x80108114] arch_cpu_idle+0x38/0x3c <==== duplicate saved exception PC
[0x80861bf8] default_idle_call+0x38/0x130
[0x8015d5cc] do_idle+0x150/0x214
[0x8015d978] cpu_startup_entry+0x18/0x1c
[0x808589c0] rest_init+0xd8/0xdc
[0x80c00a44] arch_post_acpi_subsys_init+0x0/0x8
We can move the special handling of the exception PC in save_trace() to
the unwind_frame() of the frame pointer unwinder.
Signed-off-by: Li Huafei <lihuafei1@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Linus Waleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Russell King (Oracle) <rmk+kernel@armlinux.org.uk>
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When using the frame pointer unwinder, it was found that the stack trace
output of stack_trace_save() is incomplete if the stack contains
call_with_stack():
[0x7f00002c] dump_stack_task+0x2c/0x90 [hrtimer]
[0x7f0000a0] hrtimer_hander+0x10/0x18 [hrtimer]
[0x801a67f0] __hrtimer_run_queues+0x1b0/0x3b4
[0x801a7350] hrtimer_run_queues+0xc4/0xd8
[0x801a597c] update_process_times+0x3c/0x88
[0x801b5a98] tick_periodic+0x50/0xd8
[0x801b5bf4] tick_handle_periodic+0x24/0x84
[0x8010ffc4] twd_handler+0x38/0x48
[0x8017d220] handle_percpu_devid_irq+0xa8/0x244
[0x80176e9c] generic_handle_domain_irq+0x2c/0x3c
[0x8052e3a8] gic_handle_irq+0x7c/0x90
[0x808ab15c] generic_handle_arch_irq+0x60/0x80
[0x8051191c] call_with_stack+0x1c/0x20
For the frame pointer unwinder, unwind_frame() checks stackframe::fp by
stackframe::sp. Since call_with_stack() switches the SP from one stack
to another, stackframe::fp and stackframe: :sp will point to different
stacks, so we can no longer check stackframe::fp by stackframe::sp. Skip
checking stackframe::fp at this point to avoid this problem.
Signed-off-by: Li Huafei <lihuafei1@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Linus Waleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Russell King (Oracle) <rmk+kernel@armlinux.org.uk>
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Function show_regs() is usually called in interrupt handler or exception
handler, it prints the registers specified by the parameter 'regs', then
dump the stack traces. Although not explicitly documented, dump the stack
traces based on'regs' seems to make the most sense. Although dump_stack()
can finally dump the desired content, because 'regs' are saved by the
entry of current interrupt or exception. In the following example we can
see: 1) The backtrace of interrupt or exception handler is not expected,
it causes confusion. 2) Something is printed repeatedly. The line with
the kernel version "CPU: 0 PID: 70 Comm: test0 Not tainted 5.19.0+ #8",
the registers saved in "Exception stack" which 'regs' actually point to.
For example:
rcu: INFO: rcu_sched self-detected stall on CPU
rcu: 0-....: (499 ticks this GP) idle=379/1/0x40000002 softirq=91/91 fqs=249
(t=500 jiffies g=-911 q=13 ncpus=4)
CPU: 0 PID: 70 Comm: test0 Not tainted 5.19.0+ #8
Hardware name: ARM-Versatile Express
PC is at ktime_get+0x4c/0xe8
LR is at ktime_get+0x4c/0xe8
pc : 8019a474 lr : 8019a474 psr: 60000013
sp : cabd1f28 ip : 00000001 fp : 00000005
r10: 527bf1b8 r9 : 431bde82 r8 : d7b634db
r7 : 0000156e r6 : 61f234f8 r5 : 00000001 r4 : 80ca86c0
r3 : ffffffff r2 : fe5bce0b r1 : 00000000 r0 : 01a431f4
Flags: nZCv IRQs on FIQs on Mode SVC_32 ISA ARM Segment none
Control: 10c5387d Table: 6121406a DAC: 00000051
CPU: 0 PID: 70 Comm: test0 Not tainted 5.19.0+ #8 <-----------start----------
Hardware name: ARM-Versatile Express |
unwind_backtrace from show_stack+0x10/0x14 |
show_stack from dump_stack_lvl+0x40/0x4c |
dump_stack_lvl from rcu_dump_cpu_stacks+0x10c/0x134 |
rcu_dump_cpu_stacks from rcu_sched_clock_irq+0x780/0xaf4 |
rcu_sched_clock_irq from update_process_times+0x54/0x74 |
update_process_times from tick_periodic+0x3c/0xd4 |
tick_periodic from tick_handle_periodic+0x20/0x80 worthless
tick_handle_periodic from twd_handler+0x30/0x40 or
twd_handler from handle_percpu_devid_irq+0x8c/0x1c8 duplicated
handle_percpu_devid_irq from generic_handle_domain_irq+0x24/0x34 |
generic_handle_domain_irq from gic_handle_irq+0x74/0x88 |
gic_handle_irq from generic_handle_arch_irq+0x34/0x44 |
generic_handle_arch_irq from call_with_stack+0x18/0x20 |
call_with_stack from __irq_svc+0x98/0xb0 |
Exception stack(0xcabd1ed8 to 0xcabd1f20) |
1ec0: 01a431f4 00000000 |
1ee0: fe5bce0b ffffffff 80ca86c0 00000001 61f234f8 0000156e d7b634db 431bde82 |
1f00: 527bf1b8 00000005 00000001 cabd1f28 8019a474 8019a474 60000013 ffffffff |
__irq_svc from ktime_get+0x4c/0xe8 <---------end--------------
ktime_get from test_task+0x44/0x110
test_task from kthread+0xd8/0xf4
kthread from ret_from_fork+0x14/0x2c
Exception stack(0xcabd1fb0 to 0xcabd1ff8)
1fa0: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
1fc0: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
1fe0: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000013 00000000
After replacing dump_stack() with dump_backtrace():
rcu: INFO: rcu_sched self-detected stall on CPU
rcu: 0-....: (500 ticks this GP) idle=8f7/1/0x40000002 softirq=129/129 fqs=241
(t=500 jiffies g=-915 q=13 ncpus=4)
CPU: 0 PID: 69 Comm: test0 Not tainted 5.19.0+ #9
Hardware name: ARM-Versatile Express
PC is at ktime_get+0x4c/0xe8
LR is at ktime_get+0x4c/0xe8
pc : 8019a494 lr : 8019a494 psr: 60000013
sp : cabddf28 ip : 00000001 fp : 00000002
r10: 0779cb48 r9 : 431bde82 r8 : d7b634db
r7 : 00000a66 r6 : e835ab70 r5 : 00000001 r4 : 80ca86c0
r3 : ffffffff r2 : ff337d39 r1 : 00000000 r0 : 00cc82c6
Flags: nZCv IRQs on FIQs on Mode SVC_32 ISA ARM Segment none
Control: 10c5387d Table: 611d006a DAC: 00000051
ktime_get from test_task+0x44/0x110
test_task from kthread+0xd8/0xf4
kthread from ret_from_fork+0x14/0x2c
Exception stack(0xcabddfb0 to 0xcabddff8)
dfa0: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
dfc0: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
dfe0: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000013 00000000
Signed-off-by: Zhen Lei <thunder.leizhen@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King (Oracle) <rmk+kernel@armlinux.org.uk>
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The hardware automatically disable the IRQ interrupt before jumping to the
interrupt or exception vector. Therefore, the preempt_disable() operation
in this_cpu_read() after macro expansion is unnecessary. In fact, function
this_cpu_read() may trigger scheduling, see pseudocode below.
Pseudocode of this_cpu_read(xx):
preempt_disable_notrace();
raw_cpu_read(xx);
if (unlikely(__preempt_count_dec_and_test()))
__preempt_schedule_notrace();
Therefore, use raw_cpu_* instead of this_cpu_* to eliminate potential
hazards. At the very least, it reduces a few lines of assembly code.
Signed-off-by: Zhen Lei <thunder.leizhen@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King (Oracle) <rmk+kernel@armlinux.org.uk>
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When user undefined instruction debug is enabled pc value is hashed like
kernel pointers for security reason. But the security benefit of this
hash is very limited because the code goes on to call __show_regs() that
prints the plain pointer value. pc is a user pointer anyway, so the
kernel does not leak anything. The only result is confusion about the
difference between the pc value on the first printed line, and the value
that __show_regs() prints.
Always print the plain value of pc.
Signed-off-by: Baruch Siach <baruch@tkos.co.il>
Signed-off-by: Russell King (Oracle) <rmk+kernel@armlinux.org.uk>
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Remove the CONFIG_PREEMPT_RT symbol from the ifdef around
do_softirq_own_stack() and move it to Kconfig instead.
Enable softirq stacks based on SOFTIRQ_ON_OWN_STACK which depends on
HAVE_SOFTIRQ_ON_OWN_STACK and its default value is set to !PREEMPT_RT.
This ensures that softirq stacks are not used on PREEMPT_RT and avoids
a 'select' statement on an option which has a 'depends' statement.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/YvN5E%2FPrHfUhggr7@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm
Pull misc updates from Andrew Morton:
"Updates to various subsystems which I help look after. lib, ocfs2,
fatfs, autofs, squashfs, procfs, etc. A relatively small amount of
material this time"
* tag 'mm-nonmm-stable-2022-08-06-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm: (72 commits)
scripts/gdb: ensure the absolute path is generated on initial source
MAINTAINERS: kunit: add David Gow as a maintainer of KUnit
mailmap: add linux.dev alias for Brendan Higgins
mailmap: update Kirill's email
profile: setup_profiling_timer() is moslty not implemented
ocfs2: fix a typo in a comment
ocfs2: use the bitmap API to simplify code
ocfs2: remove some useless functions
lib/mpi: fix typo 'the the' in comment
proc: add some (hopefully) insightful comments
bdi: remove enum wb_congested_state
kernel/hung_task: fix address space of proc_dohung_task_timeout_secs
lib/lzo/lzo1x_compress.c: replace ternary operator with min() and min_t()
squashfs: support reading fragments in readahead call
squashfs: implement readahead
squashfs: always build "file direct" version of page actor
Revert "squashfs: provide backing_dev_info in order to disable read-ahead"
fs/ocfs2: Fix spelling typo in comment
ia64: old_rr4 added under CONFIG_HUGETLB_PAGE
proc: fix test for "vsyscall=xonly" boot option
...
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The setup_profiling_timer() is mostly un-implemented by many
architectures. In many places it isn't guarded by CONFIG_PROFILE which is
needed for it to be used. Make it a weak symbol in kernel/profile.c and
remove the 'return -EINVAL' implementations from the kenrel.
There are a couple of architectures which do return 0 from the
setup_profiling_timer() function but they don't seem to do anything else
with it. To keep the /proc compatibility for now, leave these for a
future update or removal.
On ARM, this fixes the following sparse warning:
arch/arm/kernel/smp.c:793:5: warning: symbol 'setup_profiling_timer' was not declared. Should it be static?
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20220721195509.418205-1-ben-linux@fluff.org
Signed-off-by: Ben Dooks <ben-linux@fluff.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm
Pull MM updates from Andrew Morton:
"Most of the MM queue. A few things are still pending.
Liam's maple tree rework didn't make it. This has resulted in a few
other minor patch series being held over for next time.
Multi-gen LRU still isn't merged as we were waiting for mapletree to
stabilize. The current plan is to merge MGLRU into -mm soon and to
later reintroduce mapletree, with a view to hopefully getting both
into 6.1-rc1.
Summary:
- The usual batches of cleanups from Baoquan He, Muchun Song, Miaohe
Lin, Yang Shi, Anshuman Khandual and Mike Rapoport
- Some kmemleak fixes from Patrick Wang and Waiman Long
- DAMON updates from SeongJae Park
- memcg debug/visibility work from Roman Gushchin
- vmalloc speedup from Uladzislau Rezki
- more folio conversion work from Matthew Wilcox
- enhancements for coherent device memory mapping from Alex Sierra
- addition of shared pages tracking and CoW support for fsdax, from
Shiyang Ruan
- hugetlb optimizations from Mike Kravetz
- Mel Gorman has contributed some pagealloc changes to improve
latency and realtime behaviour.
- mprotect soft-dirty checking has been improved by Peter Xu
- Many other singleton patches all over the place"
[ XFS merge from hell as per Darrick Wong in
https://lore.kernel.org/all/YshKnxb4VwXycPO8@magnolia/ ]
* tag 'mm-stable-2022-08-03' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm: (282 commits)
tools/testing/selftests/vm/hmm-tests.c: fix build
mm: Kconfig: fix typo
mm: memory-failure: convert to pr_fmt()
mm: use is_zone_movable_page() helper
hugetlbfs: fix inaccurate comment in hugetlbfs_statfs()
hugetlbfs: cleanup some comments in inode.c
hugetlbfs: remove unneeded header file
hugetlbfs: remove unneeded hugetlbfs_ops forward declaration
hugetlbfs: use helper macro SZ_1{K,M}
mm: cleanup is_highmem()
mm/hmm: add a test for cross device private faults
selftests: add soft-dirty into run_vmtests.sh
selftests: soft-dirty: add test for mprotect
mm/mprotect: fix soft-dirty check in can_change_pte_writable()
mm: memcontrol: fix potential oom_lock recursion deadlock
mm/gup.c: fix formatting in check_and_migrate_movable_page()
xfs: fail dax mount if reflink is enabled on a partition
mm/memcontrol.c: remove the redundant updating of stats_flush_threshold
userfaultfd: don't fail on unrecognized features
hugetlb_cgroup: fix wrong hugetlb cgroup numa stat
...
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PMD_ORDER denotes order of magnitude for a PMD entry, i.e PMD entry size
is 2 ^ PMD_ORDER.
Rename PMD_ORDER to PMD_ENTRY_ORDER to allow a generic definition of
PMD_ORDER as order of a PMD allocation: (PMD_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT).
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20220705154708.181258-16-rppt@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Russell King (Oracle) <rmk+kernel@armlinux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arnd/asm-generic
Pull asm-generic updates from Arnd Bergmann:
"There are three independent sets of changes:
- Sai Prakash Ranjan adds tracing support to the asm-generic version
of the MMIO accessors, which is intended to help understand
problems with device drivers and has been part of Qualcomm's vendor
kernels for many years
- A patch from Sebastian Siewior to rework the handling of IRQ stacks
in softirqs across architectures, which is needed for enabling
PREEMPT_RT
- The last patch to remove the CONFIG_VIRT_TO_BUS option and some of
the code behind that, after the last users of this old interface
made it in through the netdev, scsi, media and staging trees"
* tag 'asm-generic-6.0' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arnd/asm-generic:
uapi: asm-generic: fcntl: Fix typo 'the the' in comment
arch/*/: remove CONFIG_VIRT_TO_BUS
soc: qcom: geni: Disable MMIO tracing for GENI SE
serial: qcom_geni_serial: Disable MMIO tracing for geni serial
asm-generic/io: Add logging support for MMIO accessors
KVM: arm64: Add a flag to disable MMIO trace for nVHE KVM
lib: Add register read/write tracing support
drm/meson: Fix overflow implicit truncation warnings
irqchip/tegra: Fix overflow implicit truncation warnings
coresight: etm4x: Use asm-generic IO memory barriers
arm64: io: Use asm-generic high level MMIO accessors
arch/*: Disable softirq stacks on PREEMPT_RT.
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PREEMPT_RT preempts softirqs and the current implementation avoids
do_softirq_own_stack() and only uses __do_softirq().
Disable the unused softirqs stacks on PREEMPT_RT to save some memory and
ensure that do_softirq_own_stack() is not used bwcause it is not expected.
Signed-off-by: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
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Pull ARM updates from Russell King:
"Not much this time around, the 5.20-rc1 development updates for arm
are:
- add KASAN support for vmalloc space on arm
- some sparse fixes from Ben Dooks
- rework amba device handling (so device addition isn't deferred)"
* tag 'for-linus' of git://git.armlinux.org.uk/~rmk/linux-arm:
ARM: 9220/1: amba: Remove deferred device addition
ARM: 9219/1: fix undeclared soft_restart
ARM: 9218/1: dma-mapping: fix pointer/integer warning
ARM: 9217/1: add definition of arch_irq_work_raise()
ARM: 9203/1: kconfig: fix MODULE_PLTS for KASAN with KASAN_VMALLOC
ARM: 9202/1: kasan: support CONFIG_KASAN_VMALLOC
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The soft_restart() is declared in <asm/system_misc.h> so
include that to fix the following sparse warning:
arch/arm/kernel/reboot.c:78:6: warning: symbol 'soft_restart' was not declared. Should it be static?
Signed-off-by: Ben Dooks <ben-linux@fluff.org>
Signed-off-by: Russell King (Oracle) <rmk+kernel@armlinux.org.uk>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/paulmck/linux-rcu
Pull RCU updates from Paul McKenney:
- Documentation updates
- Miscellaneous fixes
- Callback-offload updates, perhaps most notably a new
RCU_NOCB_CPU_DEFAULT_ALL Kconfig option that causes all CPUs to be
offloaded at boot time, regardless of kernel boot parameters.
This is useful to battery-powered systems such as ChromeOS and
Android. In addition, a new RCU_NOCB_CPU_CB_BOOST kernel boot
parameter prevents offloaded callbacks from interfering with
real-time workloads and with energy-efficiency mechanisms
- Polled grace-period updates, perhaps most notably making these APIs
account for both normal and expedited grace periods
- Tasks RCU updates, perhaps most notably reducing the CPU overhead of
RCU tasks trace grace periods by more than a factor of two on a
system with 15,000 tasks.
The reduction is expected to increase with the number of tasks, so it
seems reasonable to hypothesize that a system with 150,000 tasks
might see a 20-fold reduction in CPU overhead
- Torture-test updates
- Updates that merge RCU's dyntick-idle tracking into context tracking,
thus reducing the overhead of transitioning to kernel mode from
either idle or nohz_full userspace execution for kernels that track
context independently of RCU.
This is expected to be helpful primarily for kernels built with
CONFIG_NO_HZ_FULL=y
* tag 'rcu.2022.07.26a' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/paulmck/linux-rcu: (98 commits)
rcu: Add irqs-disabled indicator to expedited RCU CPU stall warnings
rcu: Diagnose extended sync_rcu_do_polled_gp() loops
rcu: Put panic_on_rcu_stall() after expedited RCU CPU stall warnings
rcutorture: Test polled expedited grace-period primitives
rcu: Add polled expedited grace-period primitives
rcutorture: Verify that polled GP API sees synchronous grace periods
rcu: Make Tiny RCU grace periods visible to polled APIs
rcu: Make polled grace-period API account for expedited grace periods
rcu: Switch polled grace-period APIs to ->gp_seq_polled
rcu/nocb: Avoid polling when my_rdp->nocb_head_rdp list is empty
rcu/nocb: Add option to opt rcuo kthreads out of RT priority
rcu: Add nocb_cb_kthread check to rcu_is_callbacks_kthread()
rcu/nocb: Add an option to offload all CPUs on boot
rcu/nocb: Fix NOCB kthreads spawn failure with rcu_nocb_rdp_deoffload() direct call
rcu/nocb: Invert rcu_state.barrier_mutex VS hotplug lock locking order
rcu/nocb: Add/del rdp to iterate from rcuog itself
rcu/tree: Add comment to describe GP-done condition in fqs loop
rcu: Initialize first_gp_fqs at declaration in rcu_gp_fqs()
rcu/kvfree: Remove useless monitor_todo flag
rcu: Cleanup RCU urgency state for offline CPU
...
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