| Commit message (Collapse) | Author | Age | Files | Lines |
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__GFP_REPEAT has a rather weak semantic but since it has been introduced
around 2.6.12 it has been ignored for low order allocations.
pmd_alloc_one allocate PMD_ORDER which is 1. This means that this flag
has never been actually useful here because it has always been used only
for PAGE_ALLOC_COSTLY requests.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1464599699-30131-10-git-send-email-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: "James E.J. Bottomley" <jejb@parisc-linux.org>
Cc: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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This is the third version of the patchset previously sent [1]. I have
basically only rebased it on top of 4.7-rc1 tree and dropped "dm: get
rid of superfluous gfp flags" which went through dm tree. I am sending
it now because it is tree wide and chances for conflicts are reduced
considerably when we want to target rc2. I plan to send the next step
and rename the flag and move to a better semantic later during this
release cycle so we will have a new semantic ready for 4.8 merge window
hopefully.
Motivation:
While working on something unrelated I've checked the current usage of
__GFP_REPEAT in the tree. It seems that a majority of the usage is and
always has been bogus because __GFP_REPEAT has always been about costly
high order allocations while we are using it for order-0 or very small
orders very often. It seems that a big pile of them is just a
copy&paste when a code has been adopted from one arch to another.
I think it makes some sense to get rid of them because they are just
making the semantic more unclear. Please note that GFP_REPEAT is
documented as
* __GFP_REPEAT: Try hard to allocate the memory, but the allocation attempt
* _might_ fail. This depends upon the particular VM implementation.
while !costly requests have basically nofail semantic. So one could
reasonably expect that order-0 request with __GFP_REPEAT will not loop
for ever. This is not implemented right now though.
I would like to move on with __GFP_REPEAT and define a better semantic
for it.
$ git grep __GFP_REPEAT origin/master | wc -l
111
$ git grep __GFP_REPEAT | wc -l
36
So we are down to the third after this patch series. The remaining
places really seem to be relying on __GFP_REPEAT due to large allocation
requests. This still needs some double checking which I will do later
after all the simple ones are sorted out.
I am touching a lot of arch specific code here and I hope I got it right
but as a matter of fact I even didn't compile test for some archs as I
do not have cross compiler for them. Patches should be quite trivial to
review for stupid compile mistakes though. The tricky parts are usually
hidden by macro definitions and thats where I would appreciate help from
arch maintainers.
[1] http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1461849846-27209-1-git-send-email-mhocko@kernel.org
This patch (of 19):
__GFP_REPEAT has a rather weak semantic but since it has been introduced
around 2.6.12 it has been ignored for low order allocations. Yet we
have the full kernel tree with its usage for apparently order-0
allocations. This is really confusing because __GFP_REPEAT is
explicitly documented to allow allocation failures which is a weaker
semantic than the current order-0 has (basically nofail).
Let's simply drop __GFP_REPEAT from those places. This would allow to
identify place which really need allocator to retry harder and formulate
a more specific semantic for what the flag is supposed to do actually.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1464599699-30131-2-git-send-email-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: "James E.J. Bottomley" <jejb@parisc-linux.org>
Cc: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Chen Liqin <liqin.linux@gmail.com>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@mellanox.com> [for tile]
Cc: Guan Xuetao <gxt@mprc.pku.edu.cn>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: John Crispin <blogic@openwrt.org>
Cc: Lennox Wu <lennox.wu@gmail.com>
Cc: Ley Foon Tan <lftan@altera.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Matt Fleming <matt@codeblueprint.co.uk>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Rich Felker <dalias@libc.org>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@synopsys.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.sourceforge.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Signed-off-by: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
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Signed-off-by: Andrea Gelmini <andrea.gelmini@gelma.net>
Signed-off-by: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
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Signed-off-by: Andrea Gelmini <andrea.gelmini@gelma.net>
Signed-off-by: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
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The attached patch updates the parisc version of futex.h to match the
current generic implementation except for the spinlock code.
Signed-off-by: John David Anglin <dave.anglin@bell.net>
Signed-off-by: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
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Add a native implementation for the sched_clock() function which utilizes the
processor-internal cycle counter (Control Register 16) as high-resolution time
source.
With this patch we now get much more fine-grained resolutions in various
in-kernel time measurements (e.g. when viewing the function tracing logs), and
probably a more accurate scheduling on SMP systems.
There are a few specific implementation details in this patch:
1. On a 32bit kernel we emulate the higher 32bits of the required 64-bit
resolution of sched_clock() by increasing a per-cpu counter at every
wrap-around of the 32bit cycle counter.
2. In a SMP system, the cycle counters of the various CPUs are not syncronized
(similiar to the TSC in a x86_64 system). To cope with this we define
HAVE_UNSTABLE_SCHED_CLOCK and let the upper layers do the adjustment work.
3. Since we need HAVE_UNSTABLE_SCHED_CLOCK, we need to provide a cmpxchg64()
function even on a 32-bit kernel.
4. A 64-bit SMP kernel which is started on a UP system will mark the
sched_clock() implementation as "stable", which means that we don't expect any
jumps in the returned counter. This is true because we then run only on one
CPU.
Signed-off-by: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
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Allow accessing 64-bit values in userspace from a 32-bit kernel.
The access is not atomic.
Signed-off-by: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
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This patch simplifies the code for get_user() and put_user() a lot.
Instead of accessing kernel memory (%sr0) and userspace memory (%sr3)
hard-coded in the assembler instruction, we now preload %sr2 with either
%sr0 (for accessing KERNEL_DS) or with sr3 (to access USER_DS) and
use %sr2 in the load directly.
The generated code avoids a branch and speeds up execution by generating
less assembler instructions.
Signed-off-by: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
Tested-by: Rolf Eike Beer <eike-kernel@sf-tec.de>
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This patch adds support for the TIF_SYSCALL_TRACEPOINT on the parisc
architecture. Basically, it calls the appropriate tracepoints on syscall
entry and exit.
Signed-off-by: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/deller/parisc-linux
Pull parisc ftrace fixes from Helge Deller:
"This is (most likely) the last pull request for v4.6 for the parisc
architecture.
It fixes the FTRACE feature for parisc, which is horribly broken since
quite some time and doesn't even compile. This patch just fixes the
bare minimum (it actually removes more lines than it adds), so that
the function tracer works again on 32- and 64bit kernels.
I've queued up additional patches on top of this patch which e.g. add
the syscall tracer, but those have to wait for the merge window for
v4.7."
* 'parisc-4.6-4' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/deller/parisc-linux:
parisc: Fix ftrace function tracer
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Fix the FTRACE function tracer for 32- and 64-bit kernel.
The former code was horribly broken.
Reimplement most coding in assembly and utilize optimizations, e.g. put
mcount() and ftrace_stub() into one L1 cacheline.
Signed-off-by: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
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Update the comment to reflect the changes of commit 0de7985 (parisc: Use
generic extable search and sort routines).
Signed-off-by: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
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Handling exceptions from modules never worked on parisc.
It was just masked by the fact that exceptions from modules
don't happen during normal use.
When a module triggers an exception in get_user() we need to load the
main kernel dp value before accessing the exception_data structure, and
afterwards restore the original dp value of the module on exit.
Noticed-by: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/deller/parisc-linux
Pull parisc fixes from Helge Deller:
"Fix seccomp filter support and SIGSYS signals on compat kernel.
Both patches are tagged for v4.5 stable kernel"
* 'parisc-4.6-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/deller/parisc-linux:
parisc: Fix and enable seccomp filter support
parisc: Fix SIGSYS signals in compat case
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The seccomp filter support requires careful handling of task registers. This
includes reloading of the return value (%r28) and proper syscall exit if
secure_computing() returned -1.
Additionally we need to sign-extend the syscall number from signed 32bit to
signed 64bit in do_syscall_trace_enter() since the ptrace interface only allows
storing 32bit values in compat mode.
Signed-off-by: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v4.5
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Signed-off-by: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v4.5
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Switch to the generic extable search and sort routines which were introduced
with commit a272858 from Ard Biesheuvel. This saves quite some memory in the
vmlinux binary with the 64bit kernel.
Signed-off-by: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
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Pull networking updates from David Miller:
"Highlights:
1) Support more Realtek wireless chips, from Jes Sorenson.
2) New BPF types for per-cpu hash and arrap maps, from Alexei
Starovoitov.
3) Make several TCP sysctls per-namespace, from Nikolay Borisov.
4) Allow the use of SO_REUSEPORT in order to do per-thread processing
of incoming TCP/UDP connections. The muxing can be done using a
BPF program which hashes the incoming packet. From Craig Gallek.
5) Add a multiplexer for TCP streams, to provide a messaged based
interface. BPF programs can be used to determine the message
boundaries. From Tom Herbert.
6) Add 802.1AE MACSEC support, from Sabrina Dubroca.
7) Avoid factorial complexity when taking down an inetdev interface
with lots of configured addresses. We were doing things like
traversing the entire address less for each address removed, and
flushing the entire netfilter conntrack table for every address as
well.
8) Add and use SKB bulk free infrastructure, from Jesper Brouer.
9) Allow offloading u32 classifiers to hardware, and implement for
ixgbe, from John Fastabend.
10) Allow configuring IRQ coalescing parameters on a per-queue basis,
from Kan Liang.
11) Extend ethtool so that larger link mode masks can be supported.
From David Decotigny.
12) Introduce devlink, which can be used to configure port link types
(ethernet vs Infiniband, etc.), port splitting, and switch device
level attributes as a whole. From Jiri Pirko.
13) Hardware offload support for flower classifiers, from Amir Vadai.
14) Add "Local Checksum Offload". Basically, for a tunneled packet
the checksum of the outer header is 'constant' (because with the
checksum field filled into the inner protocol header, the payload
of the outer frame checksums to 'zero'), and we can take advantage
of that in various ways. From Edward Cree"
* git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/davem/net-next: (1548 commits)
bonding: fix bond_get_stats()
net: bcmgenet: fix dma api length mismatch
net/mlx4_core: Fix backward compatibility on VFs
phy: mdio-thunder: Fix some Kconfig typos
lan78xx: add ndo_get_stats64
lan78xx: handle statistics counter rollover
RDS: TCP: Remove unused constant
RDS: TCP: Add sysctl tunables for sndbuf/rcvbuf on rds-tcp socket
net: smc911x: convert pxa dma to dmaengine
team: remove duplicate set of flag IFF_MULTICAST
bonding: remove duplicate set of flag IFF_MULTICAST
net: fix a comment typo
ethernet: micrel: fix some error codes
ip_tunnels, bpf: define IP_TUNNEL_OPTS_MAX and use it
bpf, dst: add and use dst_tclassid helper
bpf: make skb->tc_classid also readable
net: mvneta: bm: clarify dependencies
cls_bpf: reset class and reuse major in da
ldmvsw: Checkpatch sunvnet.c and sunvnet_common.c
ldmvsw: Add ldmvsw.c driver code
...
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This patch updates csum_ipv6_magic so that it correctly recognizes that
protocol is a unsigned 8 bit value.
This will allow us to better understand what limitations may or may not be
present in how we handle the data. For example there are a number of
places that call htonl on the protocol value. This is likely not necessary
and can be replaced with a multiplication by ntohl(1) which will be
converted to a shift by the compiler.
Signed-off-by: Alexander Duyck <aduyck@mirantis.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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This patch updates all instances of csum_tcpudp_magic and
csum_tcpudp_nofold to reflect the types that are usually used as the source
inputs. For example the protocol field is populated based on nexthdr which
is actually an unsigned 8 bit value. The length is usually populated based
on skb->len which is an unsigned integer.
This addresses an issue in which the IPv6 function csum_ipv6_magic was
generating a checksum using the full 32b of skb->len while
csum_tcpudp_magic was only using the lower 16 bits. As a result we could
run into issues when attempting to adjust the checksum as there was no
protocol agnostic way to update it.
With this change the value is still truncated as many architectures use
"(len + proto) << 8", however this truncation only occurs for values
greater than 16776960 in length and as such is unlikely to occur as we stop
the inner headers at ~64K in size.
I did have to make a few minor changes in the arm, mn10300, nios2, and
score versions of the function in order to support these changes as they
were either using things such as an OR to combine the protocol and length,
or were using ntohs to convert the length which would have truncated the
value.
I also updated a few spots in terms of whitespace and type differences for
the addresses. Most of this was just to make sure all of the definitions
were in sync going forward.
Signed-off-by: Alexander Duyck <aduyck@mirantis.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/helgaas/pci
Pull PCI updates from Bjorn Helgaas:
"PCI changes for v4.6:
Enumeration:
- Disable IO/MEM decoding for devices with non-compliant BARs (Bjorn Helgaas)
- Mark Broadwell-EP Home Agent & PCU as having non-compliant BARs (Bjorn Helgaas
Resource management:
- Mark shadow copy of VGA ROM as IORESOURCE_PCI_FIXED (Bjorn Helgaas)
- Don't assign or reassign immutable resources (Bjorn Helgaas)
- Don't enable/disable ROM BAR if we're using a RAM shadow copy (Bjorn Helgaas)
- Set ROM shadow location in arch code, not in PCI core (Bjorn Helgaas)
- Remove arch-specific IORESOURCE_ROM_SHADOW size from sysfs (Bjorn Helgaas)
- ia64: Use ioremap() instead of open-coded equivalent (Bjorn Helgaas)
- ia64: Keep CPU physical (not virtual) addresses in shadow ROM resource (Bjorn Helgaas)
- MIPS: Keep CPU physical (not virtual) addresses in shadow ROM resource (Bjorn Helgaas)
- Remove unused IORESOURCE_ROM_COPY and IORESOURCE_ROM_BIOS_COPY (Bjorn Helgaas)
- Don't leak memory if sysfs_create_bin_file() fails (Bjorn Helgaas)
- rcar: Remove PCI_PROBE_ONLY handling (Lorenzo Pieralisi)
- designware: Remove PCI_PROBE_ONLY handling (Lorenzo Pieralisi)
Virtualization:
- Wait for up to 1000ms after FLR reset (Alex Williamson)
- Support SR-IOV on any function type (Kelly Zytaruk)
- Add ACS quirk for all Cavium devices (Manish Jaggi)
AER:
- Rename pci_ops_aer to aer_inj_pci_ops (Bjorn Helgaas)
- Restore pci_ops pointer while calling original pci_ops (David Daney)
- Fix aer_inject error codes (Jean Delvare)
- Use dev_warn() in aer_inject (Jean Delvare)
- Log actual error causes in aer_inject (Jean Delvare)
- Log aer_inject error injections (Jean Delvare)
VPD:
- Prevent VPD access for buggy devices (Babu Moger)
- Move pci_read_vpd() and pci_write_vpd() close to other VPD code (Bjorn Helgaas)
- Move pci_vpd_release() from header file to pci/access.c (Bjorn Helgaas)
- Remove struct pci_vpd_ops.release function pointer (Bjorn Helgaas)
- Rename VPD symbols to remove unnecessary "pci22" (Bjorn Helgaas)
- Fold struct pci_vpd_pci22 into struct pci_vpd (Bjorn Helgaas)
- Sleep rather than busy-wait for VPD access completion (Bjorn Helgaas)
- Update VPD definitions (Hannes Reinecke)
- Allow access to VPD attributes with size 0 (Hannes Reinecke)
- Determine actual VPD size on first access (Hannes Reinecke)
Generic host bridge driver:
- Move structure definitions to separate header file (David Daney)
- Add pci_host_common_probe(), based on gen_pci_probe() (David Daney)
- Expose pci_host_common_probe() for use by other drivers (David Daney)
Altera host bridge driver:
- Fix altera_pcie_link_is_up() (Ley Foon Tan)
Cavium ThunderX host bridge driver:
- Add PCIe host driver for ThunderX processors (David Daney)
- Add driver for ThunderX-pass{1,2} on-chip devices (David Daney)
Freescale i.MX6 host bridge driver:
- Add DT bindings to configure PHY Tx driver settings (Justin Waters)
- Move imx6_pcie_reset_phy() near other PHY handling functions (Lucas Stach)
- Move PHY reset into imx6_pcie_establish_link() (Lucas Stach)
- Remove broken Gen2 workaround (Lucas Stach)
- Move link up check into imx6_pcie_wait_for_link() (Lucas Stach)
Freescale Layerscape host bridge driver:
- Add "fsl,ls2085a-pcie" compatible ID (Yang Shi)
Intel VMD host bridge driver:
- Attach VMD resources to parent domain's resource tree (Jon Derrick)
- Set bus resource start to 0 (Keith Busch)
Microsoft Hyper-V host bridge driver:
- Add fwnode_handle to x86 pci_sysdata (Jake Oshins)
- Look up IRQ domain by fwnode_handle (Jake Oshins)
- Add paravirtual PCI front-end for Microsoft Hyper-V VMs (Jake Oshins)
NVIDIA Tegra host bridge driver:
- Add pci_ops.{add,remove}_bus() callbacks (Thierry Reding)
- Implement ->{add,remove}_bus() callbacks (Thierry Reding)
- Remove unused struct tegra_pcie.num_ports field (Thierry Reding)
- Track bus -> CPU mapping (Thierry Reding)
- Remove misleading PHYS_OFFSET (Thierry Reding)
Renesas R-Car host bridge driver:
- Depend on ARCH_RENESAS, not ARCH_SHMOBILE (Simon Horman)
Synopsys DesignWare host bridge driver:
- ARC: Add PCI support (Joao Pinto)
- Add generic dw_pcie_wait_for_link() (Joao Pinto)
- Add default link up check if sub-driver doesn't override (Joao Pinto)
- Add driver for prototyping kits based on ARC SDP (Joao Pinto)
TI Keystone host bridge driver:
- Defer probing if devm_phy_get() returns -EPROBE_DEFER (Shawn Lin)
Xilinx AXI host bridge driver:
- Use of_pci_get_host_bridge_resources() to parse DT (Bharat Kumar Gogada)
- Remove dependency on ARM-specific struct hw_pci (Bharat Kumar Gogada)
- Don't call pci_fixup_irqs() on Microblaze (Bharat Kumar Gogada)
- Update Zynq binding with Microblaze node (Bharat Kumar Gogada)
- microblaze: Support generic Xilinx AXI PCIe Host Bridge IP driver (Bharat Kumar Gogada)
Xilinx NWL host bridge driver:
- Add support for Xilinx NWL PCIe Host Controller (Bharat Kumar Gogada)
Miscellaneous:
- Check device_attach() return value always (Bjorn Helgaas)
- Move pci_set_flags() from asm-generic/pci-bridge.h to linux/pci.h (Bjorn Helgaas)
- Remove includes of empty asm-generic/pci-bridge.h (Bjorn Helgaas)
- ARM64: Remove generated include of asm-generic/pci-bridge.h (Bjorn Helgaas)
- Remove empty asm-generic/pci-bridge.h (Bjorn Helgaas)
- Remove includes of asm/pci-bridge.h (Bjorn Helgaas)
- Consolidate PCI DMA constants and interfaces in linux/pci-dma-compat.h (Bjorn Helgaas)
- unicore32: Remove unused HAVE_ARCH_PCI_SET_DMA_MASK definition (Bjorn Helgaas)
- Cleanup pci/pcie/Kconfig whitespace (Andreas Ziegler)
- Include pci/hotplug Kconfig directly from pci/Kconfig (Bjorn Helgaas)
- Include pci/pcie/Kconfig directly from pci/Kconfig (Bogicevic Sasa)
- frv: Remove stray pci_{alloc,free}_consistent() declaration (Christoph Hellwig)
- Move pci_dma_* helpers to common code (Christoph Hellwig)
- Add PCI_CLASS_SERIAL_USB_DEVICE definition (Heikki Krogerus)
- Add QEMU top-level IDs for (sub)vendor & device (Robin H. Johnson)
- Fix broken URL for Dell biosdevname (Naga Venkata Sai Indubhaskar Jupudi)"
* tag 'pci-v4.6-changes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/helgaas/pci: (94 commits)
PCI: Add PCI_CLASS_SERIAL_USB_DEVICE definition
PCI: designware: Add driver for prototyping kits based on ARC SDP
PCI: designware: Add default link up check if sub-driver doesn't override
PCI: designware: Add generic dw_pcie_wait_for_link()
PCI: Cleanup pci/pcie/Kconfig whitespace
PCI: Simplify pci_create_attr() control flow
PCI: Don't leak memory if sysfs_create_bin_file() fails
PCI: Simplify sysfs ROM cleanup
PCI: Remove unused IORESOURCE_ROM_COPY and IORESOURCE_ROM_BIOS_COPY
MIPS: Loongson 3: Keep CPU physical (not virtual) addresses in shadow ROM resource
MIPS: Loongson 3: Use temporary struct resource * to avoid repetition
ia64/PCI: Keep CPU physical (not virtual) addresses in shadow ROM resource
ia64/PCI: Use ioremap() instead of open-coded equivalent
ia64/PCI: Use temporary struct resource * to avoid repetition
PCI: Clean up pci_map_rom() whitespace
PCI: Remove arch-specific IORESOURCE_ROM_SHADOW size from sysfs
PCI: thunder: Add driver for ThunderX-pass{1,2} on-chip devices
PCI: thunder: Add PCIe host driver for ThunderX processors
PCI: generic: Expose pci_host_common_probe() for use by other drivers
PCI: generic: Add pci_host_common_probe(), based on gen_pci_probe()
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For a long time all architectures implement the pci_dma_* functions using
the generic DMA API, and they all use the same header to do so.
Move this header, pci-dma-compat.h, to include/linux and include it from
the generic pci.h instead of having each arch duplicate this include.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip
Pull read-only kernel memory updates from Ingo Molnar:
"This tree adds two (security related) enhancements to the kernel's
handling of read-only kernel memory:
- extend read-only kernel memory to a new class of formerly writable
kernel data: 'post-init read-only memory' via the __ro_after_init
attribute, and mark the ARM and x86 vDSO as such read-only memory.
This kind of attribute can be used for data that requires a once
per bootup initialization sequence, but is otherwise never modified
after that point.
This feature was based on the work by PaX Team and Brad Spengler.
(by Kees Cook, the ARM vDSO bits by David Brown.)
- make CONFIG_DEBUG_RODATA always enabled on x86 and remove the
Kconfig option. This simplifies the kernel and also signals that
read-only memory is the default model and a first-class citizen.
(Kees Cook)"
* 'mm-readonly-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
ARM/vdso: Mark the vDSO code read-only after init
x86/vdso: Mark the vDSO code read-only after init
lkdtm: Verify that '__ro_after_init' works correctly
arch: Introduce post-init read-only memory
x86/mm: Always enable CONFIG_DEBUG_RODATA and remove the Kconfig option
mm/init: Add 'rodata=off' boot cmdline parameter to disable read-only kernel mappings
asm-generic: Consolidate mark_rodata_ro()
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One of the easiest ways to protect the kernel from attack is to reduce
the internal attack surface exposed when a "write" flaw is available. By
making as much of the kernel read-only as possible, we reduce the
attack surface.
Many things are written to only during __init, and never changed
again. These cannot be made "const" since the compiler will do the wrong
thing (we do actually need to write to them). Instead, move these items
into a memory region that will be made read-only during mark_rodata_ro()
which happens after all kernel __init code has finished.
This introduces __ro_after_init as a way to mark such memory, and adds
some documentation about the existing __read_mostly marking.
This improves the security of the Linux kernel by marking formerly
read-write memory regions as read-only on a fully booted up system.
Based on work by PaX Team and Brad Spengler.
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Brad Spengler <spender@grsecurity.net>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Cc: David Brown <david.brown@linaro.org>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Cc: Emese Revfy <re.emese@gmail.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mathias Krause <minipli@googlemail.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: PaX Team <pageexec@freemail.hu>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: kernel-hardening@lists.openwall.com
Cc: linux-arch <linux-arch@vger.kernel.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1455748879-21872-5-git-send-email-keescook@chromium.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
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Instead of defining mark_rodata_ro() in each architecture, consolidate it.
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Acked-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Andy Gross <agross@codeaurora.org>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Ashok Kumar <ashoks@broadcom.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: David Brown <david.brown@linaro.org>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <dahi@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Cc: Emese Revfy <re.emese@gmail.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
Cc: James E.J. Bottomley <jejb@parisc-linux.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Luis R. Rodriguez <mcgrof@suse.com>
Cc: Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@arm.com>
Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Mathias Krause <minipli@googlemail.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Nicolas Pitre <nicolas.pitre@linaro.org>
Cc: PaX Team <pageexec@freemail.hu>
Cc: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Stephen Boyd <sboyd@codeaurora.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Toshi Kani <toshi.kani@hp.com>
Cc: kernel-hardening@lists.openwall.com
Cc: linux-arch <linux-arch@vger.kernel.org>
Cc: linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-parisc@vger.kernel.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1455748879-21872-2-git-send-email-keescook@chromium.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
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David Binderman reported a style issue in the floppy.h header file:
arch/parisc/include/asm/floppy.h:221: (style) Boolean result is used in bitwise
operation. Clarify expression with parentheses.
Reported-by: David Binderman <dcb314@hotmail.com>
Cc: David Binderman <dcb314@hotmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
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Move the generic implementation to <linux/dma-mapping.h> now that all
architectures support it and remove the HAVE_DMA_ATTR Kconfig symbol now
that everyone supports them.
[valentinrothberg@gmail.com: remove leftovers in Kconfig]
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Aurelien Jacquiot <a-jacquiot@ti.com>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@ezchip.com>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Haavard Skinnemoen <hskinnemoen@gmail.com>
Cc: Hans-Christian Egtvedt <egtvedt@samfundet.no>
Cc: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
Cc: James Hogan <james.hogan@imgtec.com>
Cc: Jesper Nilsson <jesper.nilsson@axis.com>
Cc: Koichi Yasutake <yasutake.koichi@jp.panasonic.com>
Cc: Ley Foon Tan <lftan@altera.com>
Cc: Mark Salter <msalter@redhat.com>
Cc: Mikael Starvik <starvik@axis.com>
Cc: Steven Miao <realmz6@gmail.com>
Cc: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@synopsys.com>
Cc: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Joerg Roedel <jroedel@suse.de>
Cc: Sebastian Ott <sebott@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Valentin Rothberg <valentinrothberg@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Tested-by: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
Acked-by: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
Cc: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Joerg Roedel <jroedel@suse.de>
Cc: Sebastian Ott <sebott@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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PA-RISC doesn't have atomic instructions to modify page table entries, so it
takes spinlock in the TLB handler and modifies the page table entry
non-atomically. If you modify the page table entry without the spinlock, you
may race with TLB handler on another CPU and your modification may be lost.
Protect against that with usage of purge_tlb_start() and purge_tlb_end() which
handles the TLB spinlock.
Signed-off-by: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v4.4
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Signed-off-by: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
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Signed-off-by: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
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PCI controllers and pci-pci bridges may have not been fully initialized
regarding cache line and defaul latency.
This partly reverts
commit 5f0e9b4 ("parisc: Remove unused pcibios_init_bus()")
Signed-off-by: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
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Mako-based machines (PA8800 and PA8900 CPUs) don't allow aliasing on
non-equaivalent addresses.
Signed-off-by: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/deller/parisc-linux
Pull parisc update from Helge Deller:
"This patchset adds Huge Page and HUGETLBFS support for parisc"
Honestly, the hugepage support should have gone through in the merge
window, and is not really an rc-time fix. But it only touches
arch/parisc, and I cannot find it in myself to care. If one of the
three parisc users notices a breakage, I will point at Helge and make
rude farting noises.
* 'parisc-4.4-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/deller/parisc-linux:
parisc: Map kernel text and data on huge pages
parisc: Add Huge Page and HUGETLBFS support
parisc: Use long branch to do_syscall_trace_exit
parisc: Increase initial kernel mapping to 32MB on 64bit kernel
parisc: Initialize the fault vector earlier in the boot process.
parisc: Add defines for Huge page support
parisc: Drop unused MADV_xxxK_PAGES flags from asm/mman.h
parisc: Drop definition of start_thread_som for HP-UX SOM binaries
parisc: Fix wrong comment regarding first pmd entry flags
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This patch adds huge page support to allow userspace to allocate huge
pages and to use hugetlbfs filesystem on 32- and 64-bit Linux kernels.
A later patch will add kernel support to map kernel text and data on
huge pages.
The only requirement is, that the kernel needs to be compiled for a
PA8X00 CPU (PA2.0 architecture). Older PA1.X CPUs do not support
variable page sizes. 64bit Kernels are compiled for PA2.0 by default.
Technically on parisc multiple physical huge pages may be needed to
emulate standard 2MB huge pages.
Signed-off-by: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
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For the 64bit kernel the initially 16 MB kernel memory might become too
small if you build a kernel with many modules built-in and with kernel
text and data areas mapped on huge pages.
This patch increases the initial mapping to 32MB for 64bit kernels and
keeps 16MB for 32bit kernels.
Signed-off-by: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
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Huge pages on parisc will have the same size as one pmd table, which
is on a 64bit kernel 2MB on a kernel with 4K kernel page sizes, and
on a 32bit kernel 4MB when used with 4K kernel pages.
Since parisc does not physically supports 2MB huge page sizes, emulate
it with two consecutive 1MB page sizes instead. Keeping the same huge
page size as one pmd will allow us to add transparent huge page support
later on.
Bit 21 in the pte flags was unused and will now be used to mark a page
as huge page (_PAGE_HPAGE_BIT).
Signed-off-by: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
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The definition of start_thread_som was planned to be used to execute
HP-UX SOM binaries. Since HP-UX compatibility was dropped with kernel 4.0
there is no need to carry it further.
Signed-off-by: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
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The first pmd entry is marked with PxD_FLAG_ATTACHED instead of
_PAGE_GATEWAY.
Signed-off-by: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
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Merge third patch-bomb from Andrew Morton:
"We're pretty much done over here - I'm still waiting for a nouveau
merge so I can cleanly finish up Christoph's dma-mapping rework.
- bunch of small misc stuff
- fold abs64() into abs(), remove abs64()
- new_valid_dev() cleanups
- binfmt_elf_fdpic feature work"
* emailed patches from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (24 commits)
fs/binfmt_elf_fdpic.c: provide NOMMU loader for regular ELF binaries
fs/stat.c: remove unnecessary new_valid_dev() check
fs/reiserfs/namei.c: remove unnecessary new_valid_dev() check
fs/nilfs2/namei.c: remove unnecessary new_valid_dev() check
fs/ncpfs/dir.c: remove unnecessary new_valid_dev() check
fs/jfs: remove unnecessary new_valid_dev() checks
fs/hpfs/namei.c: remove unnecessary new_valid_dev() check
fs/f2fs/namei.c: remove unnecessary new_valid_dev() check
fs/ext2/namei.c: remove unnecessary new_valid_dev() check
fs/exofs/namei.c: remove unnecessary new_valid_dev() check
fs/btrfs/inode.c: remove unnecessary new_valid_dev() check
fs/9p: remove unnecessary new_valid_dev() checks
include/linux/kdev_t.h: old/new_valid_dev() can return bool
include/linux/kdev_t.h: remove unused huge_valid_dev()
kmap_atomic_to_page() has no users, remove it
drivers/scsi/cxgbi: fix build with EXTRA_CFLAGS
dma: remove external references to dma_supported
Documentation/sysctl/vm.txt: fix misleading code reference of overcommit_memory
remove abs64()
kernel.h: make abs() work with 64-bit types
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Removal started in commit 5bbeed12bdc3 ("sparc32: drop unused
kmap_atomic_to_page"). Let's do it across the whole tree.
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/deller/parisc-linux
Pull parisc updates from Helge Deller:
"We have two patches in here:
- The parisc uapi headers have been screwed up since quite some time.
This patch fixes some bugs (e.g. endianess not respected in
compat_semid64_ds) and cleans them up (e.g. uid_t was used instead
of __kernel_uid_t) so that they can be used by userspace again.
This patch has been reviewed by Arnd Bergmann and is scheduled for
stable kernel series.
- Drop the hpux_stat64 struct from stat.h, we do not support HP-UX
binaries since kernel 4.0"
* 'parisc-4.4-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/deller/parisc-linux:
parisc: Fixes and cleanups in kernel uapi header files
parisc: Drop hpux_stat64 struct from stat.h header file
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This patch fixes some bugs and partly cleans up the parisc uapi header
files to what glibc defined:
- compat_semid64_ds was wrong and did not take the endianess into
account
- ipc64_perm exported userspace types which broke building userspace
packages on debian (e.g. trinity)
- ipc64_perm needs to use a 32bit mode_t on 64bit kernel
- msqid64_ds and semid64_ds needs unsigned longs for various struct members
- shmid64_ds exported size_t instead of __kernel_size_t
And finally add some compile-time checks for the sizes of those structs
to avoid future breakage.
Runtime-tested with the Linux Test Project (LTP) testsuite.
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 3.18+
Reviewed-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/deller/parisc-linux
Pull parisc updates from Helge Deller:
"The most important change is that we reduce L1_CACHE_BYTES to 16
bytes, for which a trivial patch for XPS in the network layer was
needed. Then we wire up the sys_membarrier and userfaultfd syscalls
and added two other small cleanups"
* 'parisc-4.3-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/deller/parisc-linux:
parisc: Change L1_CACHE_BYTES to 16
net/xps: Fix calculation of initial number of xps queues
parisc: reduce syslog debug output
parisc: serial/mux: Convert to uart_console_device instead of open-coded
parisc: Wire up userfaultfd syscall
parisc: allocate sys_membarrier system call number
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Change L1_CACHE_BYTES to 16 bytes.
Tested for 16 days on rp3440.
Additional remarks from Helge Deller:
Saves ~17 kb of kernel code/data and gives a slight performance improvement in
various test cases.
Signed-off-by: John David Anglin <dave.anglin@bell.net>
Signed-off-by: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
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This patch makes sure that atomic_{read,set}() are at least
{READ,WRITE}_ONCE().
We already had the 'requirement' that atomic_read() should use
ACCESS_ONCE(), and most archs had this, but a few were lacking.
All are now converted to use READ_ONCE().
And, by a symmetry and general paranoia argument, upgrade atomic_set()
to use WRITE_ONCE().
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: james.hogan@imgtec.com
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Cc: oleg@redhat.com
Cc: will.deacon@arm.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
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Commit 3cc2dac5be3f ("drivers/video/fbdev/atyfb: Replace MTRR UC hole
with strong UC") introduces calls to ioremap_wc and ioremap_uc. This
causes build failures with parisc:allmodconfig. Map the missing
functions to ioremap_nocache.
Fixes: 3cc2dac5be3f ("drivers/video/fbdev/atyfb:
Replace MTRR UC hole with strong UC")
Cc: Luis R. Rodriguez <mcgrof@suse.com>
Cc: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
Signed-off-by: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net>
Signed-off-by: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
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Implement atomic logic ops -- atomic_{or,xor,and}.
These will replace the atomic_{set,clear}_mask functions that are
available on some archs.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
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Implement atomic logic ops -- atomic_{or,xor,and}.
These will replace the atomic_{set,clear}_mask functions that are
available on some archs.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
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