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Pull more block updates from Jens Axboe:
- MD pull request via Song:
- Improve raid5 sequential IO performance on spinning disks, which
fixes a regression since v6.0 (Jan Kara)
- Fix bitmap offset types, which fixes an issue introduced in this
merge window (Jonathan Derrick)
- Cleanup of hweight type used for cgroup writeback (Maxim)
- Fix a regression with the "has_submit_bio" changes across partitions
(Ming)
- Cleanup of QUEUE_FLAG_ADD_RANDOM clearing.
We used to set this flag on queues non blk-mq queues, and hence some
drivers clear it unconditionally. Since all of these have since been
converted to true blk-mq drivers, drop the useless clear as the bit
is not set (Chaitanya)
- Fix the flags being set in a bio for a flush for drbd (Christoph)
- Cleanup and deduplication of the code handling setting block device
capacity (Damien)
- Fix for ublk handling IO timeouts (Ming)
- Fix for a regression in blk-cgroup teardown (Tao)
- NBD documentation and code fixes (Eric)
- Convert blk-integrity to using device_attributes rather than a second
kobject to manage lifetimes (Thomas)
* tag 'for-6.4/block-2023-05-06' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux:
ublk: add timeout handler
drbd: correctly submit flush bio on barrier
mailmap: add mailmap entries for Jens Axboe
block: Skip destroyed blkg when restart in blkg_destroy_all()
writeback: fix call of incorrect macro
md: Fix bitmap offset type in sb writer
md/raid5: Improve performance for sequential IO
docs nbd: userspace NBD now favors github over sourceforge
block nbd: use req.cookie instead of req.handle
uapi nbd: add cookie alias to handle
uapi nbd: improve doc links to userspace spec
blk-integrity: register sysfs attributes on struct device
blk-integrity: convert to struct device_attribute
blk-integrity: use sysfs_emit
block/drivers: remove dead clear of random flag
block: sync part's ->bd_has_submit_bio with disk's
block: Cleanup set_capacity()/bdev_set_nr_sectors()
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The uapi <linux/nbd.h> header declares a 'char handle[8]' per request;
which is overloaded in English (are you referring to "handle" the
verb, such as handling a signal or writing a callback handler, or
"handle" the noun, the value used in a lookup table to correlate a
response back to the request). Many user-space NBD implementations
(both servers and clients) have instead used 'uint64_t cookie' or
similar, as it is easier to directly assign an integer than to futz
around with memcpy. In fact, upstream documentation is now
encouraging this shift in terminology:
https://github.com/NetworkBlockDevice/nbd/commit/ca4392eb2b
Accomplish this by use of an anonymous union to provide the alias for
anyone getting the definition from the uapi; this does not break
existing clients, while exposing the nicer name for those who prefer
it. Note that block/nbd.c still uses the term handle (in fact, it
actually combines a 32-bit cookie and a 32-bit tag into the 64-bit
handle), but that internal usage is not changed by the public uapi,
since no compliant NBD server has any reason to inspect or alter the
64 bits sent over the socket.
Signed-off-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Josef Bacik <josef@toxicpanda.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230410180611.1051618-3-eblake@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
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The uapi <linux/nbd.h> header intentionally documents only the NBD
server features that the kernel module will utilize as a client. But
while it already had one mention of skipped bits due to userspace
extensions, it did not actually direct the reader to the canonical
source to learn about those extensions.
While touching comments, fix an outdated reference that listed only
READ and WRITE as commands.
Signed-off-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Ming Lei <ming.lei@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Josef Bacik <josef@toxicpanda.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230410180611.1051618-2-eblake@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vkoul/dmaengine
Pull dmaengine updates from Vinod Koul:
"New support:
- Apple admac t8112 device support
- StarFive JH7110 DMA controller
Updates:
- Big pile of idxd updates to support IAA 2.0 device capabilities,
DSA 2.0 Event Log and completion record faulting features and
new DSA operations
- at_xdmac supend & resume updates and driver code cleanup
- k3-udma supend & resume support
- k3-psil thread support for J784s4"
* tag 'dmaengine-6.4-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vkoul/dmaengine: (57 commits)
dmaengine: idxd: add per wq PRS disable
dmaengine: idxd: add pid to exported sysfs attribute for opened file
dmaengine: idxd: expose fault counters to sysfs
dmaengine: idxd: add a device to represent the file opened
dmaengine: idxd: add per file user counters for completion record faults
dmaengine: idxd: process batch descriptor completion record faults
dmaengine: idxd: add descs_completed field for completion record
dmaengine: idxd: process user page faults for completion record
dmaengine: idxd: add idxd_copy_cr() to copy user completion record during page fault handling
dmaengine: idxd: create kmem cache for event log fault items
dmaengine: idxd: add per DSA wq workqueue for processing cr faults
dmanegine: idxd: add debugfs for event log dump
dmaengine: idxd: add interrupt handling for event log
dmaengine: idxd: setup event log configuration
dmaengine: idxd: add event log size sysfs attribute
dmaengine: idxd: make misc interrupt one shot
dt-bindings: dma: snps,dw-axi-dmac: constrain the items of resets for JH7110 dma
dt-bindings: dma: Drop unneeded quotes
dmaengine: at_xdmac: align declaration of ret with the rest of variables
dmaengine: at_xdmac: add a warning message regarding for unpaused channels
...
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Add event log processing for faulting of user batch descriptor completion
record.
When encountering an event log entry for a page fault on a completion
record, the driver is expected to do the following:
1. If the "first error in batch" bit in event log entry error info is
set, discard any previously recorded errors associated with the
"batch identifier".
2. Fix the page fault according to the fault address in the event log. If
successful, write the completion record to the fault address in user space.
3. If an error is encountered while writing the completion record and it is
associated to a descriptor in the batch, the driver associates the error
with the batch identifier of the event log entry and tracks it until the
event log entry for the corresponding batch desc is encountered.
While processing an event log entry for a batch descriptor with error
indicating that one or more descs in the batch had event log entries,
the driver will do the following before writing the batch completion
record:
1. If the status field of the completion record is 0x1, the driver will
change it to error code 0x5 (one or more operations in batch completed
with status not successful) and changes the result field to 1.
2. If the status is error code 0x6 (page fault on batch descriptor list
address), change the result field to 1.
3. If status is any other value, the completion record is not changed.
4. Clear the recorded error in preparation for next batch with same batch
identifier.
The result field is for user software to determine whether to set the
"Batch Error" flag bit in the descriptor for continuation of partial
batch descriptor completion. See DSA spec 2.0 for additional information.
If no error has been recorded for the batch, the batch completion record is
written to user space as is.
Tested-by: Tony Zhu <tony.zhu@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jiang <dave.jiang@intel.com>
Co-developed-by: Fenghua Yu <fenghua.yu@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Fenghua Yu <fenghua.yu@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230407203143.2189681-12-fenghua.yu@intel.com
Signed-off-by: Vinod Koul <vkoul@kernel.org>
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The descs_completed field for a completion record is part of a batch
descriptor completion record. It takes the same location as bytes_completed
in a normal descriptor field. Add to expose to user.
Tested-by: Tony Zhu <tony.zhu@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jiang <dave.jiang@intel.com>
Co-developed-by: Fenghua Yu <fenghua.yu@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Fenghua Yu <fenghua.yu@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230407203143.2189681-11-fenghua.yu@intel.com
Signed-off-by: Vinod Koul <vkoul@kernel.org>
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DSA supports page fault handling through PRS. However, the DMA engine
that's processing the descriptor is blocked until the PRS response is
received. Other workqueues sharing the engine are also blocked.
Page fault handing by the driver with PRS disabled can be used to
mitigate the stalling.
With PRS disabled while ATS remain enabled, DSA handles page faults on
a completion record by reporting an event in the event log. In this
instance, the descriptor is completed and the event log contains the
completion record address and the contents of the completion record. Add
support to the event log handling code to fault in the completion record
and copy the content of the completion record to user memory.
A bitmap is introduced to keep track of discarded event log entries. When
the user process initiates ->release() of the char device, it no longer is
interested in any remaining event log entries tied to the relevant wq and
PASID. The driver will mark the event log entry index in the bitmap. Upon
encountering the entries during processing, the event log handler will just
clear the bitmap bit and skip the entry rather than attempt to process the
event log entry.
Tested-by: Tony Zhu <tony.zhu@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jiang <dave.jiang@intel.com>
Co-developed-by: Fenghua Yu <fenghua.yu@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Fenghua Yu <fenghua.yu@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230407203143.2189681-10-fenghua.yu@intel.com
Signed-off-by: Vinod Koul <vkoul@kernel.org>
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Add debugfs entry to dump the content of the event log for debugging. The
function will dump all non-zero entries in the event log. It will note
which entries are processed and which entries are still pending processing
at the time of the dump. The entries may not always be in chronological
order due to the log is a circular buffer.
Tested-by: Tony Zhu <tony.zhu@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jiang <dave.jiang@intel.com>
Co-developed-by: Fenghua Yu <fenghua.yu@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Fenghua Yu <fenghua.yu@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230407203143.2189681-6-fenghua.yu@intel.com
Signed-off-by: Vinod Koul <vkoul@kernel.org>
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An event log interrupt is raised in the misc interrupt INTCAUSE register
when an event is written by the hardware. Add basic event log processing
support to the interrupt handler. The event log is a ring where the
hardware owns the tail and the software owns the head. The hardware will
advance the tail index when an additional event has been pushed to memory.
The software will process the log entry and then advances the head. The
log is full when (tail + 1) % log_size = head. The hardware will stop
writing when the log is full. The user is expected to create a log size
large enough to handle all the expected events.
Tested-by: Tony Zhu <tony.zhu@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jiang <dave.jiang@intel.com>
Co-developed-by: Fenghua Yu <fenghua.yu@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Fenghua Yu <fenghua.yu@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230407203143.2189681-5-fenghua.yu@intel.com
Signed-off-by: Vinod Koul <vkoul@kernel.org>
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Add setup of event log feature for supported device. Event log addresses
error reporting that was lacking in gen 1 DSA devices where a second error
event does not get reported when a first event is pending software
handling. The event log allows a circular buffer that the device can push
error events to. It is up to the user to create a large enough event log
ring in order to capture the expected events. The evl size can be set in
the device sysfs attribute. By default 64 entries are supported as minimal
when event log is enabled.
Tested-by: Tony Zhu <tony.zhu@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jiang <dave.jiang@intel.com>
Co-developed-by: Fenghua Yu <fenghua.yu@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Fenghua Yu <fenghua.yu@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230407203143.2189681-4-fenghua.yu@intel.com
Signed-off-by: Vinod Koul <vkoul@kernel.org>
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The translation fetch operation (0x0A) fetches address translations for the
address range specified in the descriptor by issuing address translation
(ATS) requests to the IOMMU.
Add descriptor definitions for the operation so that user can use DSA
to accelerate translation fetch.
Signed-off-by: Fenghua Yu <fenghua.yu@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Dave Jiang <dave.jiang@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230303213413.3357431-4-fenghua.yu@intel.com
Signed-off-by: Vinod Koul <vkoul@kernel.org>
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The Data Integrity Extension (DIX) generate operation (0x17) computes
the Data Integrity Field (DIF) on the source data and writes only the
computed DIF for each source block to the PI destination address.
Add descriptor definitions for this operation so that user can use
DSA to accelerate DIX generate operation.
Signed-off-by: Fenghua Yu <fenghua.yu@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Dave Jiang <dave.jiang@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230303213413.3357431-3-fenghua.yu@intel.com
Signed-off-by: Vinod Koul <vkoul@kernel.org>
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memory fill operation
The memory fill operation (0x04) can fill in memory with either 8 bytes
or 16 bytes of pattern. To fill in memory with 16 bytes of pattern, the
first 8 bytes are provided in pattern lower in bytes 16-23 and the next
8 bytes are in pattern upper in bytes 40-47 in the descriptor. Currently
only 8 bytes of pattern is enabled.
Add descriptor definitions for pattern lower and pattern upper so that
user can use 16 bytes of pattern to fill memory.
Signed-off-by: Fenghua Yu <fenghua.yu@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Dave Jiang <dave.jiang@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230303213413.3357431-2-fenghua.yu@intel.com
Signed-off-by: Vinod Koul <vkoul@kernel.org>
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Pull kvm updates from Paolo Bonzini:
"s390:
- More phys_to_virt conversions
- Improvement of AP management for VSIE (nested virtualization)
ARM64:
- Numerous fixes for the pathological lock inversion issue that
plagued KVM/arm64 since... forever.
- New framework allowing SMCCC-compliant hypercalls to be forwarded
to userspace, hopefully paving the way for some more features being
moved to VMMs rather than be implemented in the kernel.
- Large rework of the timer code to allow a VM-wide offset to be
applied to both virtual and physical counters as well as a
per-timer, per-vcpu offset that complements the global one. This
last part allows the NV timer code to be implemented on top.
- A small set of fixes to make sure that we don't change anything
affecting the EL1&0 translation regime just after having having
taken an exception to EL2 until we have executed a DSB. This
ensures that speculative walks started in EL1&0 have completed.
- The usual selftest fixes and improvements.
x86:
- Optimize CR0.WP toggling by avoiding an MMU reload when TDP is
enabled, and by giving the guest control of CR0.WP when EPT is
enabled on VMX (VMX-only because SVM doesn't support per-bit
controls)
- Add CR0/CR4 helpers to query single bits, and clean up related code
where KVM was interpreting kvm_read_cr4_bits()'s "unsigned long"
return as a bool
- Move AMD_PSFD to cpufeatures.h and purge KVM's definition
- Avoid unnecessary writes+flushes when the guest is only adding new
PTEs
- Overhaul .sync_page() and .invlpg() to utilize .sync_page()'s
optimizations when emulating invalidations
- Clean up the range-based flushing APIs
- Revamp the TDP MMU's reaping of Accessed/Dirty bits to clear a
single A/D bit using a LOCK AND instead of XCHG, and skip all of
the "handle changed SPTE" overhead associated with writing the
entire entry
- Track the number of "tail" entries in a pte_list_desc to avoid
having to walk (potentially) all descriptors during insertion and
deletion, which gets quite expensive if the guest is spamming
fork()
- Disallow virtualizing legacy LBRs if architectural LBRs are
available, the two are mutually exclusive in hardware
- Disallow writes to immutable feature MSRs (notably
PERF_CAPABILITIES) after KVM_RUN, similar to CPUID features
- Overhaul the vmx_pmu_caps selftest to better validate
PERF_CAPABILITIES
- Apply PMU filters to emulated events and add test coverage to the
pmu_event_filter selftest
- AMD SVM:
- Add support for virtual NMIs
- Fixes for edge cases related to virtual interrupts
- Intel AMX:
- Don't advertise XTILE_CFG in KVM_GET_SUPPORTED_CPUID if
XTILE_DATA is not being reported due to userspace not opting in
via prctl()
- Fix a bug in emulation of ENCLS in compatibility mode
- Allow emulation of NOP and PAUSE for L2
- AMX selftests improvements
- Misc cleanups
MIPS:
- Constify MIPS's internal callbacks (a leftover from the hardware
enabling rework that landed in 6.3)
Generic:
- Drop unnecessary casts from "void *" throughout kvm_main.c
- Tweak the layout of "struct kvm_mmu_memory_cache" to shrink the
struct size by 8 bytes on 64-bit kernels by utilizing a padding
hole
Documentation:
- Fix goof introduced by the conversion to rST"
* tag 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/virt/kvm/kvm: (211 commits)
KVM: s390: pci: fix virtual-physical confusion on module unload/load
KVM: s390: vsie: clarifications on setting the APCB
KVM: s390: interrupt: fix virtual-physical confusion for next alert GISA
KVM: arm64: Have kvm_psci_vcpu_on() use WRITE_ONCE() to update mp_state
KVM: arm64: Acquire mp_state_lock in kvm_arch_vcpu_ioctl_vcpu_init()
KVM: selftests: Test the PMU event "Instructions retired"
KVM: selftests: Copy full counter values from guest in PMU event filter test
KVM: selftests: Use error codes to signal errors in PMU event filter test
KVM: selftests: Print detailed info in PMU event filter asserts
KVM: selftests: Add helpers for PMC asserts in PMU event filter test
KVM: selftests: Add a common helper for the PMU event filter guest code
KVM: selftests: Fix spelling mistake "perrmited" -> "permitted"
KVM: arm64: vhe: Drop extra isb() on guest exit
KVM: arm64: vhe: Synchronise with page table walker on MMU update
KVM: arm64: pkvm: Document the side effects of kvm_flush_dcache_to_poc()
KVM: arm64: nvhe: Synchronise with page table walker on TLBI
KVM: arm64: Handle 32bit CNTPCTSS traps
KVM: arm64: nvhe: Synchronise with page table walker on vcpu run
KVM: arm64: vgic: Don't acquire its_lock before config_lock
KVM: selftests: Add test to verify KVM's supported XCR0
...
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kvmarm/kvmarm into HEAD
KVM/arm64 updates for 6.4
- Numerous fixes for the pathological lock inversion issue that
plagued KVM/arm64 since... forever.
- New framework allowing SMCCC-compliant hypercalls to be forwarded
to userspace, hopefully paving the way for some more features
being moved to VMMs rather than be implemented in the kernel.
- Large rework of the timer code to allow a VM-wide offset to be
applied to both virtual and physical counters as well as a
per-timer, per-vcpu offset that complements the global one.
This last part allows the NV timer code to be implemented on
top.
- A small set of fixes to make sure that we don't change anything
affecting the EL1&0 translation regime just after having having
taken an exception to EL2 until we have executed a DSB. This
ensures that speculative walks started in EL1&0 have completed.
- The usual selftest fixes and improvements.
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* kvm-arm64/smccc-filtering:
: .
: SMCCC call filtering and forwarding to userspace, courtesy of
: Oliver Upton. From the cover letter:
:
: "The Arm SMCCC is rather prescriptive in regards to the allocation of
: SMCCC function ID ranges. Many of the hypercall ranges have an
: associated specification from Arm (FF-A, PSCI, SDEI, etc.) with some
: room for vendor-specific implementations.
:
: The ever-expanding SMCCC surface leaves a lot of work within KVM for
: providing new features. Furthermore, KVM implements its own
: vendor-specific ABI, with little room for other implementations (like
: Hyper-V, for example). Rather than cramming it all into the kernel we
: should provide a way for userspace to handle hypercalls."
: .
KVM: selftests: Fix spelling mistake "KVM_HYPERCAL_EXIT_SMC" -> "KVM_HYPERCALL_EXIT_SMC"
KVM: arm64: Test that SMC64 arch calls are reserved
KVM: arm64: Prevent userspace from handling SMC64 arch range
KVM: arm64: Expose SMC/HVC width to userspace
KVM: selftests: Add test for SMCCC filter
KVM: selftests: Add a helper for SMCCC calls with SMC instruction
KVM: arm64: Let errors from SMCCC emulation to reach userspace
KVM: arm64: Return NOT_SUPPORTED to guest for unknown PSCI version
KVM: arm64: Introduce support for userspace SMCCC filtering
KVM: arm64: Add support for KVM_EXIT_HYPERCALL
KVM: arm64: Use a maple tree to represent the SMCCC filter
KVM: arm64: Refactor hvc filtering to support different actions
KVM: arm64: Start handling SMCs from EL1
KVM: arm64: Rename SMC/HVC call handler to reflect reality
KVM: arm64: Add vm fd device attribute accessors
KVM: arm64: Add a helper to check if a VM has ran once
KVM: x86: Redefine 'longmode' as a flag for KVM_EXIT_HYPERCALL
Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>
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The 'longmode' field is a bit annoying as it blows an entire __u32 to
represent a boolean value. Since other architectures are looking to add
support for KVM_EXIT_HYPERCALL, now is probably a good time to clean it
up.
Redefine the field (and the remaining padding) as a set of flags.
Preserve the existing ABI by using bit 0 to indicate if the guest was in
long mode and requiring that the remaining 31 bits must be zero.
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Oliver Upton <oliver.upton@linux.dev>
Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230404154050.2270077-2-oliver.upton@linux.dev
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And this is the moment you have all been waiting for: setting the
counter offset from userspace.
We expose a brand new capability that reports the ability to set
the offset for both the virtual and physical sides.
In keeping with the architecture, the offset is expressed as
a delta that is substracted from the physical counter value.
Once this new API is used, there is no going back, and the counters
cannot be written to to set the offsets implicitly (the writes
are instead ignored).
Reviewed-by: Colton Lewis <coltonlewis@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230330174800.2677007-8-maz@kernel.org
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The KVM_GET_NR_MMU_PAGES ioctl is quite questionable on 64-bit hosts
since it fails to return the full 64 bits of the value that can be
set with the corresponding KVM_SET_NR_MMU_PAGES call. Its "long" return
value is truncated into an "int" in the kvm_arch_vm_ioctl() function.
Since this ioctl also never has been used by userspace applications
(QEMU, Google's internal VMM, kvmtool and CrosVM have been checked),
it's likely the best if we remove this badly designed ioctl before
anybody really tries to use it.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Huth <thuth@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20230208140105.655814-4-thuth@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
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Pull compute express link updates from Dan Williams:
"DOE support is promoted from drivers/cxl/ to drivers/pci/ with Bjorn's
blessing, and the CXL core continues to mature its media management
capabilities with support for listing and injecting media errors. Some
late fixes that missed v6.3-final are also included:
- Refactor the DOE infrastructure (Data Object Exchange
PCI-config-cycle mailbox) to be a facility of the PCI core rather
than the CXL core.
This is foundational for upcoming support for PCI
device-attestation and PCIe / CXL link encryption.
- Add support for retrieving and injecting poison for CXL memory
expanders.
This enabling uses trace-events to convey CXL media error records
to user tooling. It includes translation of device-local addresses
(DPA) to system physical addresses (SPA) and their corresponding
CXL region.
- Fixes for decoder enumeration that missed v6.3-final
- Miscellaneous fixups"
* tag 'cxl-for-6.4' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/cxl/cxl: (38 commits)
cxl/test: Add mock test for set_timestamp
cxl/mbox: Update CMD_RC_TABLE
tools/testing/cxl: Require CONFIG_DEBUG_FS
tools/testing/cxl: Add a sysfs attr to test poison inject limits
tools/testing/cxl: Use injected poison for get poison list
tools/testing/cxl: Mock the Clear Poison mailbox command
tools/testing/cxl: Mock the Inject Poison mailbox command
cxl/mem: Add debugfs attributes for poison inject and clear
cxl/memdev: Trace inject and clear poison as cxl_poison events
cxl/memdev: Warn of poison inject or clear to a mapped region
cxl/memdev: Add support for the Clear Poison mailbox command
cxl/memdev: Add support for the Inject Poison mailbox command
tools/testing/cxl: Mock support for Get Poison List
cxl/trace: Add an HPA to cxl_poison trace events
cxl/region: Provide region info to the cxl_poison trace event
cxl/memdev: Add trigger_poison_list sysfs attribute
cxl/trace: Add TRACE support for CXL media-error records
cxl/mbox: Add GET_POISON_LIST mailbox command
cxl/mbox: Initialize the poison state
cxl/mbox: Restrict poison cmds to debugfs cxl_raw_allow_all
...
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The CXL subsystem is adding formal mechanisms for managing device
poison. Minimize the maintenance burden going forward, and maximize
the investment in common tooling by deprecating direct user access
to poison commands outside of CXL_MEM_RAW_COMMANDS debug scenarios.
A new cxl_deprecated_commands[] list is created for querying which
command ids defined in previous kernels are now deprecated.
CXL Media and Poison Management commands, opcodes 0x43XX, defined in
CXL 3.0 Spec, Table 8-93 are deprecated with one exception: Get Scan
Media Capabilities. Keep Get Scan Media Capabilities as it simply
provides information and has no impact on the device state.
Effectively all of the commands defined in:
commit 87815ee9d006 ("cxl/pci: Add media provisioning required commands")
...were defined prematurely and should have waited until the kernel
implementation was decided. To my knowledge there are no shipping
devices with poison support and no known tools that would regress with
this change.
Co-developed-by: Alison Schofield <alison.schofield@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Alison Schofield <alison.schofield@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/652197e9bc8885e6448d989405b9e50ee9d6b0a6.1681838291.git.alison.schofield@intel.com
Tested-by: Jonathan Cameron <Jonathan.Cameron@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
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Pull rdma updates from Jason Gunthorpe:
"Usual wide collection of unrelated items in drivers:
- Driver bug fixes and treewide cleanups in hfi1, siw, qib, mlx5,
rxe, usnic, usnic, bnxt_re, ocrdma, iser:
- remove unnecessary NULL checks
- kmap obsolescence
- pci_enable_pcie_error_reporting() obsolescence
- unused variables and macros
- trace event related warnings
- casting warnings
- Code cleanups for irdm and erdma
- EFA reporting of 128 byte PCIe TLP support
- mlx5 more agressively uses the out of order HW feature
- Big rework of how state machines and tasks work in rxe
- Fix a syzkaller found crash netdev refcount leak in siw
- bnxt_re revises their HW description header
- Congestion control for bnxt_re
- Use mmu_notifiers more safely in hfi1
- mlx5 gets better support for PCIe relaxed ordering inside VMs"
* tag 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rdma/rdma: (81 commits)
RDMA/efa: Add rdma write capability to device caps
RDMA/mlx5: Use correct device num_ports when modify DC
RDMA/irdma: Drop spurious WQ_UNBOUND from alloc_ordered_workqueue() call
RDMA/rxe: Fix spinlock recursion deadlock on requester
RDMA/mlx5: Fix flow counter query via DEVX
RDMA/rxe: Protect QP state with qp->state_lock
RDMA/rxe: Move code to check if drained to subroutine
RDMA/rxe: Remove qp->req.state
RDMA/rxe: Remove qp->comp.state
RDMA/rxe: Remove qp->resp.state
RDMA/mlx5: Allow relaxed ordering read in VFs and VMs
net/mlx5: Update relaxed ordering read HCA capabilities
RDMA/mlx5: Check pcie_relaxed_ordering_enabled() in UMR
RDMA/mlx5: Remove pcie_relaxed_ordering_enabled() check for RO write
RDMA: Add ib_virt_dma_to_page()
RDMA/rxe: Fix the error "trying to register non-static key in rxe_cleanup_task"
RDMA/irdma: Slightly optimize irdma_form_ah_cm_frame()
RDMA/rxe: Fix incorrect TASKLET_STATE_SCHED check in rxe_task.c
IB/hfi1: Place struct mmu_rb_handler on cache line start
IB/hfi1: Fix bugs with non-PAGE_SIZE-end multi-iovec user SDMA requests
...
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Add rdma write capability that is propagated from the device to rdma-core.
Enable MR creation with remote write permissions according to this device
capability.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230404154313.35194-1-ynachum@amazon.com
Reviewed-by: Firas Jahjah <firasj@amazon.com>
Reviewed-by: Michael Margolin <mrgolin@amazon.com>
Signed-off-by: Yonatan Nachum <ynachum@amazon.com>
Signed-off-by: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@nvidia.com>
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Add resize_cq verb support for user space CQs. Resize operation for
kernel CQs are not supported now.
Driver should free the current CQ only after user library polls
for all the completions and switch to new CQ. So after the resize_cq
is returned from the driver, user library polls for existing completions
and store it as temporary data. Once library reaps all completions in the
current CQ, it invokes the ibv_cmd_poll_cq to inform the driver about
the resize_cq completion. Adding a check for user CQs in driver's
poll_cq and complete the resize operation for user CQs.
Updating uverbs_cmd_mask with poll_cq to support this.
Signed-off-by: Selvin Xavier <selvin.xavier@broadcom.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/1678868215-23626-1-git-send-email-selvin.xavier@broadcom.com
Signed-off-by: Leon Romanovsky <leon@kernel.org>
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This series from Or changes default of IB out-of-order feature and
allows to the RDMA users to decide if they need to wait for completion
for all segments or it is enough to wait for last segment completion only.
Thanks
Signed-off-by: Leon Romanovsky <leon@kernel.org>
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Add feature bit to existing device caps field. EFA supports data polling
of 128 bytes blocks.
The flag indicates that the NIC guarentees that a 128 byte aligned block
is written in order, ie that observing the last 8 bits of the block mean
the prior 127 bytes are also written.
It is useful for "last data polling" acceleration techniques.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230219081328.10419-1-mrgolin@amazon.com
Reviewed-by: Yehuda Yitschak <yehuday@amazon.com>
Reviewed-by: Yossi Leybovich <sleybo@amazon.com>
Signed-off-by: Yonatan Nachum <ynachum@amazon.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Margolin <mrgolin@amazon.com>
Acked-by: Gal Pressman <gal.pressman@linux.dev>
Signed-off-by: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@nvidia.com>
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Pull nfsd updates from Chuck Lever:
"The big ticket item for this release is that support for RPC-with-TLS
[RFC 9289] has been added to the Linux NFS server.
The goal is to provide a simple-to-deploy, low-overhead in-transit
confidentiality and peer authentication mechanism. It can supplement
NFS Kerberos and it can protect the use of legacy non-cryptographic
user authentication flavors such as AUTH_SYS. The TLS Record protocol
is handled entirely by kTLS, meaning it can use either software
encryption or offload encryption to smart NICs.
Aside from that, work continues on improving NFSD's open file cache.
Among the many clean-ups in that area is a patch to convert the
rhashtable to use the list-hashing version of that data structure"
* tag 'nfsd-6.4' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/cel/linux: (31 commits)
NFSD: Handle new xprtsec= export option
SUNRPC: Support TLS handshake in the server-side TCP socket code
NFSD: Clean up xattr memory allocation flags
NFSD: Fix problem of COMMIT and NFS4ERR_DELAY in infinite loop
SUNRPC: Clear rq_xid when receiving a new RPC Call
SUNRPC: Recognize control messages in server-side TCP socket code
SUNRPC: Be even lazier about releasing pages
SUNRPC: Convert svc_xprt_release() to the release_pages() API
SUNRPC: Relocate svc_free_res_pages()
nfsd: simplify the delayed disposal list code
SUNRPC: Ignore return value of ->xpo_sendto
SUNRPC: Ensure server-side sockets have a sock->file
NFSD: Watch for rq_pages bounds checking errors in nfsd_splice_actor()
sunrpc: simplify two-level sysctl registration for svcrdma_parm_table
SUNRPC: return proper error from get_expiry()
lockd: add some client-side tracepoints
nfs: move nfs_fhandle_hash to common include file
lockd: server should unlock lock if client rejects the grant
lockd: fix races in client GRANTED_MSG wait logic
lockd: move struct nlm_wait to lockd.h
...
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Enable administrators to require clients to use transport layer
security when accessing particular exports.
Signed-off-by: Chuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/trace/linux-trace
Pull tracing updates from Steven Rostedt:
- User events are finally ready!
After lots of collaboration between various parties, we finally
locked down on a stable interface for user events that can also work
with user space only tracing.
This is implemented by telling the kernel (or user space library, but
that part is user space only and not part of this patch set), where
the variable is that the application uses to know if something is
listening to the trace.
There's also an interface to tell the kernel about these events,
which will show up in the /sys/kernel/tracing/events/user_events/
directory, where it can be enabled.
When it's enabled, the kernel will update the variable, to tell the
application to start writing to the kernel.
See https://lwn.net/Articles/927595/
- Cleaned up the direct trampolines code to simplify arm64 addition of
direct trampolines.
Direct trampolines use the ftrace interface but instead of jumping to
the ftrace trampoline, applications (mostly BPF) can register their
own trampoline for performance reasons.
- Some updates to the fprobe infrastructure. fprobes are more efficient
than kprobes, as it does not need to save all the registers that
kprobes on ftrace do. More work needs to be done before the fprobes
will be exposed as dynamic events.
- More updates to references to the obsolete path of
/sys/kernel/debug/tracing for the new /sys/kernel/tracing path.
- Add a seq_buf_do_printk() helper to seq_bufs, to print a large buffer
line by line instead of all at once.
There are users in production kernels that have a large data dump
that originally used printk() directly, but the data dump was larger
than what printk() allowed as a single print.
Using seq_buf() to do the printing fixes that.
- Add /sys/kernel/tracing/touched_functions that shows all functions
that was every traced by ftrace or a direct trampoline. This is used
for debugging issues where a traced function could have caused a
crash by a bpf program or live patching.
- Add a "fields" option that is similar to "raw" but outputs the fields
of the events. It's easier to read by humans.
- Some minor fixes and clean ups.
* tag 'trace-v6.4' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/trace/linux-trace: (41 commits)
ring-buffer: Sync IRQ works before buffer destruction
tracing: Add missing spaces in trace_print_hex_seq()
ring-buffer: Ensure proper resetting of atomic variables in ring_buffer_reset_online_cpus
recordmcount: Fix memory leaks in the uwrite function
tracing/user_events: Limit max fault-in attempts
tracing/user_events: Prevent same address and bit per process
tracing/user_events: Ensure bit is cleared on unregister
tracing/user_events: Ensure write index cannot be negative
seq_buf: Add seq_buf_do_printk() helper
tracing: Fix print_fields() for __dyn_loc/__rel_loc
tracing/user_events: Set event filter_type from type
ring-buffer: Clearly check null ptr returned by rb_set_head_page()
tracing: Unbreak user events
tracing/user_events: Use print_format_fields() for trace output
tracing/user_events: Align structs with tabs for readability
tracing/user_events: Limit global user_event count
tracing/user_events: Charge event allocs to cgroups
tracing/user_events: Update documentation for ABI
tracing/user_events: Use write ABI in example
tracing/user_events: Add ABI self-test
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Add tabs to make struct members easier to read and unify the style of
the code.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230328235219.203-13-beaub@linux.microsoft.com
Signed-off-by: Beau Belgrave <beaub@linux.microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (Google) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
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Enablements are now tracked by the lifetime of the task/mm. User
processes need to be able to disable their addresses if tracing is
requested to be turned off. Before unmapping the page would suffice.
However, we now need a stronger contract. Add an ioctl to enable this.
A new flag bit is added, freeing, to user_event_enabler to ensure that
if the event is attempted to be removed while a fault is being handled
that the remove is delayed until after the fault is reattempted.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230328235219.203-6-beaub@linux.microsoft.com
Signed-off-by: Beau Belgrave <beaub@linux.microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (Google) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
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As part of the discussions for user_events aligned with user space
tracers, it was determined that user programs should register a aligned
value to set or clear a bit when an event becomes enabled. Currently a
shared page is being used that requires mmap(). Remove the shared page
implementation and move to a user registered address implementation.
In this new model during the event registration from user programs 3 new
values are specified. The first is the address to update when the event
is either enabled or disabled. The second is the bit to set/clear to
reflect the event being enabled. The third is the size of the value at
the specified address.
This allows for a local 32/64-bit value in user programs to support
both kernel and user tracers. As an example, setting bit 31 for kernel
tracers when the event becomes enabled allows for user tracers to use
the other bits for ref counts or other flags. The kernel side updates
the bit atomically, user programs need to also update these values
atomically.
User provided addresses must be aligned on a natural boundary, this
allows for single page checking and prevents odd behaviors such as a
enable value straddling 2 pages instead of a single page. Currently
page faults are only logged, future patches will handle these.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230328235219.203-4-beaub@linux.microsoft.com
Suggested-by: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
Signed-off-by: Beau Belgrave <beaub@linux.microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (Google) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
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The UAPI parts need to be split out from the kernel parts of user_events
now that other parts of the kernel will reference it. Do so by moving
the existing include/linux/user_events.h into
include/uapi/linux/user_events.h.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230328235219.203-2-beaub@linux.microsoft.com
Signed-off-by: Beau Belgrave <beaub@linux.microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (Google) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm
Pull non-MM updates from Andrew Morton:
"Mainly singleton patches all over the place.
Series of note are:
- updates to scripts/gdb from Glenn Washburn
- kexec cleanups from Bjorn Helgaas"
* tag 'mm-nonmm-stable-2023-04-27-16-01' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm: (50 commits)
mailmap: add entries for Paul Mackerras
libgcc: add forward declarations for generic library routines
mailmap: add entry for Oleksandr
ocfs2: reduce ioctl stack usage
fs/proc: add Kthread flag to /proc/$pid/status
ia64: fix an addr to taddr in huge_pte_offset()
checkpatch: introduce proper bindings license check
epoll: rename global epmutex
scripts/gdb: add GDB convenience functions $lx_dentry_name() and $lx_i_dentry()
scripts/gdb: create linux/vfs.py for VFS related GDB helpers
uapi/linux/const.h: prefer ISO-friendly __typeof__
delayacct: track delays from IRQ/SOFTIRQ
scripts/gdb: timerlist: convert int chunks to str
scripts/gdb: print interrupts
scripts/gdb: raise error with reduced debugging information
scripts/gdb: add a Radix Tree Parser
lib/rbtree: use '+' instead of '|' for setting color.
proc/stat: remove arch_idle_time()
checkpatch: check for misuse of the link tags
checkpatch: allow Closes tags with links
...
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typeof is (still) a GNU extension, which means that it cannot be used when
building ISO C (e.g. -std=c99). It should therefore be avoided in uapi
headers in favour of the ISO-friendly __typeof__.
Unfortunately this issue could not be detected by
CONFIG_UAPI_HEADER_TEST=y as the __ALIGN_KERNEL() macro is not expanded in
any uapi header.
This matters from a userspace perspective, not a kernel one. uapi
headers and their contents are expected to be usable in a variety of
situations, and in particular when building ISO C applications (with
-std=c99 or similar).
This particular problem can be reproduced by trying to use the
__ALIGN_KERNEL macro directly in application code, say:
#include <linux/const.h>
int align(int x, int a)
{
return __KERNEL_ALIGN(x, a);
}
and trying to build that with -std=c99.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230411092747.3759032-1-kevin.brodsky@arm.com
Fixes: a79ff731a1b2 ("netfilter: xtables: make XT_ALIGN() usable in exported headers by exporting __ALIGN_KERNEL()")
Signed-off-by: Kevin Brodsky <kevin.brodsky@arm.com>
Reported-by: Ruben Ayrapetyan <ruben.ayrapetyan@arm.com>
Tested-by: Ruben Ayrapetyan <ruben.ayrapetyan@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Petr Vorel <pvorel@suse.cz>
Tested-by: Petr Vorel <pvorel@suse.cz>
Reviewed-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Cc: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
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Delay accounting does not track the delay of IRQ/SOFTIRQ. While
IRQ/SOFTIRQ could have obvious impact on some workloads productivity, such
as when workloads are running on system which is busy handling network
IRQ/SOFTIRQ.
Get the delay of IRQ/SOFTIRQ could help users to reduce such delay. Such
as setting interrupt affinity or task affinity, using kernel thread for
NAPI etc. This is inspired by "sched/psi: Add PSI_IRQ to track
IRQ/SOFTIRQ pressure"[1]. Also fix some code indent problems of older
code.
And update tools/accounting/getdelays.c:
/ # ./getdelays -p 156 -di
print delayacct stats ON
printing IO accounting
PID 156
CPU count real total virtual total delay total delay average
15 15836008 16218149 275700790 18.380ms
IO count delay total delay average
0 0 0.000ms
SWAP count delay total delay average
0 0 0.000ms
RECLAIM count delay total delay average
0 0 0.000ms
THRASHING count delay total delay average
0 0 0.000ms
COMPACT count delay total delay average
0 0 0.000ms
WPCOPY count delay total delay average
36 7586118 0.211ms
IRQ count delay total delay average
42 929161 0.022ms
[1] commit 52b1364ba0b1("sched/psi: Add PSI_IRQ to track IRQ/SOFTIRQ pressure")
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/202304081728353557233@zte.com.cn
Signed-off-by: Yang Yang <yang.yang29@zte.com.cn>
Cc: Jiang Xuexin <jiang.xuexin@zte.com.cn>
Cc: wangyong <wang.yong12@zte.com.cn>
Cc: junhua huang <huang.junhua@zte.com.cn>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Juri Lelli <juri.lelli@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm
Pull MM updates from Andrew Morton:
- Nick Piggin's "shoot lazy tlbs" series, to improve the peformance of
switching from a user process to a kernel thread.
- More folio conversions from Kefeng Wang, Zhang Peng and Pankaj
Raghav.
- zsmalloc performance improvements from Sergey Senozhatsky.
- Yue Zhao has found and fixed some data race issues around the
alteration of memcg userspace tunables.
- VFS rationalizations from Christoph Hellwig:
- removal of most of the callers of write_one_page()
- make __filemap_get_folio()'s return value more useful
- Luis Chamberlain has changed tmpfs so it no longer requires swap
backing. Use `mount -o noswap'.
- Qi Zheng has made the slab shrinkers operate locklessly, providing
some scalability benefits.
- Keith Busch has improved dmapool's performance, making part of its
operations O(1) rather than O(n).
- Peter Xu adds the UFFD_FEATURE_WP_UNPOPULATED feature to userfaultd,
permitting userspace to wr-protect anon memory unpopulated ptes.
- Kirill Shutemov has changed MAX_ORDER's meaning to be inclusive
rather than exclusive, and has fixed a bunch of errors which were
caused by its unintuitive meaning.
- Axel Rasmussen give userfaultfd the UFFDIO_CONTINUE_MODE_WP feature,
which causes minor faults to install a write-protected pte.
- Vlastimil Babka has done some maintenance work on vma_merge():
cleanups to the kernel code and improvements to our userspace test
harness.
- Cleanups to do_fault_around() by Lorenzo Stoakes.
- Mike Rapoport has moved a lot of initialization code out of various
mm/ files and into mm/mm_init.c.
- Lorenzo Stoakes removd vmf_insert_mixed_prot(), which was added for
DRM, but DRM doesn't use it any more.
- Lorenzo has also coverted read_kcore() and vread() to use iterators
and has thereby removed the use of bounce buffers in some cases.
- Lorenzo has also contributed further cleanups of vma_merge().
- Chaitanya Prakash provides some fixes to the mmap selftesting code.
- Matthew Wilcox changes xfs and afs so they no longer take sleeping
locks in ->map_page(), a step towards RCUification of pagefaults.
- Suren Baghdasaryan has improved mmap_lock scalability by switching to
per-VMA locking.
- Frederic Weisbecker has reworked the percpu cache draining so that it
no longer causes latency glitches on cpu isolated workloads.
- Mike Rapoport cleans up and corrects the ARCH_FORCE_MAX_ORDER Kconfig
logic.
- Liu Shixin has changed zswap's initialization so we no longer waste a
chunk of memory if zswap is not being used.
- Yosry Ahmed has improved the performance of memcg statistics
flushing.
- David Stevens has fixed several issues involving khugepaged,
userfaultfd and shmem.
- Christoph Hellwig has provided some cleanup work to zram's IO-related
code paths.
- David Hildenbrand has fixed up some issues in the selftest code's
testing of our pte state changing.
- Pankaj Raghav has made page_endio() unneeded and has removed it.
- Peter Xu contributed some rationalizations of the userfaultfd
selftests.
- Yosry Ahmed has fixed an issue around memcg's page recalim
accounting.
- Chaitanya Prakash has fixed some arm-related issues in the
selftests/mm code.
- Longlong Xia has improved the way in which KSM handles hwpoisoned
pages.
- Peter Xu fixes a few issues with uffd-wp at fork() time.
- Stefan Roesch has changed KSM so that it may now be used on a
per-process and per-cgroup basis.
* tag 'mm-stable-2023-04-27-15-30' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm: (369 commits)
mm,unmap: avoid flushing TLB in batch if PTE is inaccessible
shmem: restrict noswap option to initial user namespace
mm/khugepaged: fix conflicting mods to collapse_file()
sparse: remove unnecessary 0 values from rc
mm: move 'mmap_min_addr' logic from callers into vm_unmapped_area()
hugetlb: pte_alloc_huge() to replace huge pte_alloc_map()
maple_tree: fix allocation in mas_sparse_area()
mm: do not increment pgfault stats when page fault handler retries
zsmalloc: allow only one active pool compaction context
selftests/mm: add new selftests for KSM
mm: add new KSM process and sysfs knobs
mm: add new api to enable ksm per process
mm: shrinkers: fix debugfs file permissions
mm: don't check VMA write permissions if the PTE/PMD indicates write permissions
migrate_pages_batch: fix statistics for longterm pin retry
userfaultfd: use helper function range_in_vma()
lib/show_mem.c: use for_each_populated_zone() simplify code
mm: correct arg in reclaim_pages()/reclaim_clean_pages_from_list()
fs/buffer: convert create_page_buffers to folio_create_buffers
fs/buffer: add folio_create_empty_buffers helper
...
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Patch series "mm: process/cgroup ksm support", v9.
So far KSM can only be enabled by calling madvise for memory regions. To
be able to use KSM for more workloads, KSM needs to have the ability to be
enabled / disabled at the process / cgroup level.
Use case 1:
The madvise call is not available in the programming language. An
example for this are programs with forked workloads using a garbage
collected language without pointers. In such a language madvise cannot
be made available.
In addition the addresses of objects get moved around as they are
garbage collected. KSM sharing needs to be enabled "from the outside"
for these type of workloads.
Use case 2:
The same interpreter can also be used for workloads where KSM brings
no benefit or even has overhead. We'd like to be able to enable KSM on
a workload by workload basis.
Use case 3:
With the madvise call sharing opportunities are only enabled for the
current process: it is a workload-local decision. A considerable number
of sharing opportunities may exist across multiple workloads or jobs (if
they are part of the same security domain). Only a higler level entity
like a job scheduler or container can know for certain if its running
one or more instances of a job. That job scheduler however doesn't have
the necessary internal workload knowledge to make targeted madvise
calls.
Security concerns:
In previous discussions security concerns have been brought up. The
problem is that an individual workload does not have the knowledge about
what else is running on a machine. Therefore it has to be very
conservative in what memory areas can be shared or not. However, if the
system is dedicated to running multiple jobs within the same security
domain, its the job scheduler that has the knowledge that sharing can be
safely enabled and is even desirable.
Performance:
Experiments with using UKSM have shown a capacity increase of around 20%.
Here are the metrics from an instagram workload (taken from a machine
with 64GB main memory):
full_scans: 445
general_profit: 20158298048
max_page_sharing: 256
merge_across_nodes: 1
pages_shared: 129547
pages_sharing: 5119146
pages_to_scan: 4000
pages_unshared: 1760924
pages_volatile: 10761341
run: 1
sleep_millisecs: 20
stable_node_chains: 167
stable_node_chains_prune_millisecs: 2000
stable_node_dups: 2751
use_zero_pages: 0
zero_pages_sharing: 0
After the service is running for 30 minutes to an hour, 4 to 5 million
shared pages are common for this workload when using KSM.
Detailed changes:
1. New options for prctl system command
This patch series adds two new options to the prctl system call.
The first one allows to enable KSM at the process level and the second
one to query the setting.
The setting will be inherited by child processes.
With the above setting, KSM can be enabled for the seed process of a cgroup
and all processes in the cgroup will inherit the setting.
2. Changes to KSM processing
When KSM is enabled at the process level, the KSM code will iterate
over all the VMA's and enable KSM for the eligible VMA's.
When forking a process that has KSM enabled, the setting will be
inherited by the new child process.
3. Add general_profit metric
The general_profit metric of KSM is specified in the documentation,
but not calculated. This adds the general profit metric to
/sys/kernel/debug/mm/ksm.
4. Add more metrics to ksm_stat
This adds the process profit metric to /proc/<pid>/ksm_stat.
5. Add more tests to ksm_tests and ksm_functional_tests
This adds an option to specify the merge type to the ksm_tests.
This allows to test madvise and prctl KSM.
It also adds a two new tests to ksm_functional_tests: one to test
the new prctl options and the other one is a fork test to verify that
the KSM process setting is inherited by client processes.
This patch (of 3):
So far KSM can only be enabled by calling madvise for memory regions. To
be able to use KSM for more workloads, KSM needs to have the ability to be
enabled / disabled at the process / cgroup level.
1. New options for prctl system command
This patch series adds two new options to the prctl system call.
The first one allows to enable KSM at the process level and the second
one to query the setting.
The setting will be inherited by child processes.
With the above setting, KSM can be enabled for the seed process of a
cgroup and all processes in the cgroup will inherit the setting.
2. Changes to KSM processing
When KSM is enabled at the process level, the KSM code will iterate
over all the VMA's and enable KSM for the eligible VMA's.
When forking a process that has KSM enabled, the setting will be
inherited by the new child process.
1) Introduce new MMF_VM_MERGE_ANY flag
This introduces the new flag MMF_VM_MERGE_ANY flag. When this flag
is set, kernel samepage merging (ksm) gets enabled for all vma's of a
process.
2) Setting VM_MERGEABLE on VMA creation
When a VMA is created, if the MMF_VM_MERGE_ANY flag is set, the
VM_MERGEABLE flag will be set for this VMA.
3) support disabling of ksm for a process
This adds the ability to disable ksm for a process if ksm has been
enabled for the process with prctl.
4) add new prctl option to get and set ksm for a process
This adds two new options to the prctl system call
- enable ksm for all vmas of a process (if the vmas support it).
- query if ksm has been enabled for a process.
3. Disabling MMF_VM_MERGE_ANY for storage keys in s390
In the s390 architecture when storage keys are used, the
MMF_VM_MERGE_ANY will be disabled.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230418051342.1919757-1-shr@devkernel.io
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230418051342.1919757-2-shr@devkernel.io
Signed-off-by: Stefan Roesch <shr@devkernel.io>
Acked-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@surriel.com>
Cc: Bagas Sanjaya <bagasdotme@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
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If a library wants to get information from auxv (for instance,
AT_HWCAP/AT_HWCAP2), it has a few options, none of them perfectly reliable
or ideal:
- Be main or the pre-main startup code, and grub through the stack above
main. Doesn't work for a library.
- Call libc getauxval. Not ideal for libraries that are trying to be
libc-independent and/or don't otherwise require anything from other
libraries.
- Open and read /proc/self/auxv. Doesn't work for libraries that may run
in arbitrarily constrained environments that may not have /proc
mounted (e.g. libraries that might be used by an init program or a
container setup tool).
- Assume you're on the main thread and still on the original stack, and
try to walk the stack upwards, hoping to find auxv. Extremely bad
idea.
- Ask the caller to pass auxv in for you. Not ideal for a user-friendly
library, and then your caller may have the same problem.
Add a prctl that copies current->mm->saved_auxv to a userspace buffer.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/d81864a7f7f43bca6afa2a09fc2e850e4050ab42.1680611394.git.josh@joshtriplett.org
Signed-off-by: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
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UFFDIO_COPY already has UFFDIO_COPY_MODE_WP, so when installing a new PTE
to resolve a missing fault, one can install a write-protected one. This
is useful when using UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_{MISSING,WP} in combination.
This was motivated by testing HugeTLB HGM [1], and in particular its
interaction with userfaultfd features. Existing userfaultfd code supports
using WP and MINOR modes together (i.e. you can register an area with
both enabled), but without this CONTINUE flag the combination is in
practice unusable.
So, add an analogous UFFDIO_CONTINUE_MODE_WP, which does the same thing as
UFFDIO_COPY_MODE_WP, but for *minor* faults.
Update the selftest to do some very basic exercising of the new flag.
Update Documentation/ to describe how these flags are used (neither the
COPY nor the new CONTINUE versions of this mode flag were described there
before).
[1]: https://patchwork.kernel.org/project/linux-mm/cover/20230218002819.1486479-1-jthoughton@google.com/
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230314221250.682452-5-axelrasmussen@google.com
Signed-off-by: Axel Rasmussen <axelrasmussen@google.com>
Acked-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Mike Rapoport (IBM) <rppt@kernel.org>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Liam R. Howlett <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
Cc: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev>
Cc: Nadav Amit <namit@vmware.com>
Cc: Shuah Khan <shuah@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
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Patch series "mm/uffd: Add feature bit UFFD_FEATURE_WP_UNPOPULATED", v4.
The new feature bit makes anonymous memory acts the same as file memory on
userfaultfd-wp in that it'll also wr-protect none ptes.
It can be useful in two cases:
(1) Uffd-wp app that needs to wr-protect none ptes like QEMU snapshot,
so pre-fault can be replaced by enabling this flag and speed up
protections
(2) It helps to implement async uffd-wp mode that Muhammad is working on [1]
It's debatable whether this is the most ideal solution because with the
new feature bit set, wr-protect none pte needs to pre-populate the
pgtables to the last level (PAGE_SIZE). But it seems fine so far to
service either purpose above, so we can leave optimizations for later.
The series brings pte markers to anonymous memory too. There's some
change in the common mm code path in the 1st patch, great to have some eye
looking at it, but hopefully they're still relatively straightforward.
This patch (of 2):
This is a new feature that controls how uffd-wp handles none ptes. When
it's set, the kernel will handle anonymous memory the same way as file
memory, by allowing the user to wr-protect unpopulated ptes.
File memories handles none ptes consistently by allowing wr-protecting of
none ptes because of the unawareness of page cache being exist or not.
For anonymous it was not as persistent because we used to assume that we
don't need protections on none ptes or known zero pages.
One use case of such a feature bit was VM live snapshot, where if without
wr-protecting empty ptes the snapshot can contain random rubbish in the
holes of the anonymous memory, which can cause misbehave of the guest when
the guest OS assumes the pages should be all zeros.
QEMU worked it around by pre-populate the section with reads to fill in
zero page entries before starting the whole snapshot process [1].
Recently there's another need raised on using userfaultfd wr-protect for
detecting dirty pages (to replace soft-dirty in some cases) [2]. In that
case if without being able to wr-protect none ptes by default, the dirty
info can get lost, since we cannot treat every none pte to be dirty (the
current design is identify a page dirty based on uffd-wp bit being
cleared).
In general, we want to be able to wr-protect empty ptes too even for
anonymous.
This patch implements UFFD_FEATURE_WP_UNPOPULATED so that it'll make
uffd-wp handling on none ptes being consistent no matter what the memory
type is underneath. It doesn't have any impact on file memories so far
because we already have pte markers taking care of that. So it only
affects anonymous.
The feature bit is by default off, so the old behavior will be maintained.
Sometimes it may be wanted because the wr-protect of none ptes will
contain overheads not only during UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT (by applying pte
markers to anonymous), but also on creating the pgtables to store the pte
markers. So there's potentially less chance of using thp on the first
fault for a none pmd or larger than a pmd.
The major implementation part is teaching the whole kernel to understand
pte markers even for anonymously mapped ranges, meanwhile allowing the
UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT ioctl to apply pte markers for anonymous too when the
new feature bit is set.
Note that even if the patch subject starts with mm/uffd, there're a few
small refactors to major mm path of handling anonymous page faults. But
they should be straightforward.
With WP_UNPOPUATED, application like QEMU can avoid pre-read faults all
the memory before wr-protect during taking a live snapshot. Quotting from
Muhammad's test result here [3] based on a simple program [4]:
(1) With huge page disabled
echo madvise > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled
./uffd_wp_perf
Test DEFAULT: 4
Test PRE-READ: 1111453 (pre-fault 1101011)
Test MADVISE: 278276 (pre-fault 266378)
Test WP-UNPOPULATE: 11712
(2) With Huge page enabled
echo always > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled
./uffd_wp_perf
Test DEFAULT: 4
Test PRE-READ: 22521 (pre-fault 22348)
Test MADVISE: 4909 (pre-fault 4743)
Test WP-UNPOPULATE: 14448
There'll be a great perf boost for no-thp case, while for thp enabled with
extreme case of all-thp-zero WP_UNPOPULATED can be slower than MADVISE,
but that's low possibility in reality, also the overhead was not reduced
but postponed until a follow up write on any huge zero thp, so potentially
it is faster by making the follow up writes slower.
[1] https://lore.kernel.org/all/20210401092226.102804-4-andrey.gruzdev@virtuozzo.com/
[2] https://lore.kernel.org/all/Y+v2HJ8+3i%2FKzDBu@x1n/
[3] https://lore.kernel.org/all/d0eb0a13-16dc-1ac1-653a-78b7273781e3@collabora.com/
[4] https://github.com/xzpeter/clibs/blob/master/uffd-test/uffd-wp-perf.c
[peterx@redhat.com: comment changes, oneliner fix to khugepaged]
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/ZB2/8jPhD3fpx5U8@x1n
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230309223711.823547-1-peterx@redhat.com
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230309223711.823547-2-peterx@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
Acked-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Axel Rasmussen <axelrasmussen@google.com>
Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Muhammad Usama Anjum <usama.anjum@collabora.com>
Cc: Nadav Amit <nadav.amit@gmail.com>
Cc: Paul Gofman <pgofman@codeweavers.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
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Pull virtio updates from Michael Tsirkin:
"virtio,vhost,vdpa: features, fixes, and cleanups:
- reduction in interrupt rate in virtio
- perf improvement for VDUSE
- scalability for vhost-scsi
- non power of 2 ring support for packed rings
- better management for mlx5 vdpa
- suspend for snet
- VIRTIO_F_NOTIFICATION_DATA
- shared backend with vdpa-sim-blk
- user VA support in vdpa-sim
- better struct packing for virtio
and fixes, cleanups all over the place"
* tag 'for_linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mst/vhost: (52 commits)
vhost_vdpa: fix unmap process in no-batch mode
MAINTAINERS: make me a reviewer of VIRTIO CORE AND NET DRIVERS
tools/virtio: fix build caused by virtio_ring changes
virtio_ring: add a struct device forward declaration
vdpa_sim_blk: support shared backend
vdpa_sim: move buffer allocation in the devices
vdpa/snet: use likely/unlikely macros in hot functions
vdpa/snet: implement kick_vq_with_data callback
virtio-vdpa: add VIRTIO_F_NOTIFICATION_DATA feature support
virtio: add VIRTIO_F_NOTIFICATION_DATA feature support
vdpa/snet: support the suspend vDPA callback
vdpa/snet: support getting and setting VQ state
MAINTAINERS: add vringh.h to Virtio Core and Net Drivers
vringh: address kdoc warnings
vdpa: address kdoc warnings
virtio_ring: don't update event idx on get_buf
vdpa_sim: add support for user VA
vdpa_sim: replace the spinlock with a mutex to protect the state
vdpa_sim: use kthread worker
vdpa_sim: make devices agnostic for work management
...
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According to VirtIO spec v1.2, VIRTIO_F_NOTIFICATION_DATA feature
indicates that the driver passes extra data along with the queue
notifications.
In a split queue case, the extra data is 16-bit available index. In a
packed queue case, the extra data is 1-bit wrap counter and 15-bit
available index.
Add support for this feature for MMIO, channel I/O and modern PCI
transports.
Signed-off-by: Viktor Prutyanov <viktor@daynix.com>
Acked-by: Jason Wang <jasowang@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Xuan Zhuo <xuanzhuo@linux.alibaba.com>
Message-Id: <20230413081855.36643-2-alvaro.karsz@solid-run.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/char-misc
Pull char/misc drivers updates from Greg KH:
"Here is the "big" set of char/misc and other driver subsystems for
6.4-rc1.
It's pretty big, but due to the removal of pcmcia drivers, almost
breaks even for number of lines added vs. removed, a nice change.
Included in here are:
- removal of unused PCMCIA drivers (finally!)
- Interconnect driver updates and additions
- Lots of IIO driver updates and additions
- MHI driver updates
- Coresight driver updates
- NVMEM driver updates, which required some OF updates
- W1 driver updates and a new maintainer to manage the subsystem
- FPGA driver updates
- New driver subsystem, CDX, for AMD systems
- lots of other small driver updates and additions
All of these have been in linux-next for a while with no reported
issues"
* tag 'char-misc-6.4-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/char-misc: (196 commits)
mcb-lpc: Reallocate memory region to avoid memory overlapping
mcb-pci: Reallocate memory region to avoid memory overlapping
mcb: Return actual parsed size when reading chameleon table
kernel/configs: Drop Android config fragments
virt: acrn: Replace obsolete memalign() with posix_memalign()
spmi: Add a check for remove callback when removing a SPMI driver
spmi: fix W=1 kernel-doc warnings
spmi: mtk-pmif: Drop of_match_ptr for ID table
spmi: pmic-arb: Convert to platform remove callback returning void
spmi: mtk-pmif: Convert to platform remove callback returning void
spmi: hisi-spmi-controller: Convert to platform remove callback returning void
w1: gpio: remove unnecessary ENOMEM messages
w1: omap-hdq: remove unnecessary ENOMEM messages
w1: omap-hdq: add SPDX tag
w1: omap-hdq: allow compile testing
w1: matrox: remove unnecessary ENOMEM messages
w1: matrox: use inline over __inline__
w1: matrox: switch from asm to linux header
w1: ds2482: do not use assignment in if condition
w1: ds2482: drop unnecessary header
...
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There is only a single user of the UUID uAPI, let's make it
part of that user.
The way it's done is to prevent compilation time breakage for
the user space that does
#include <linux/uuid.h>
In the future MEI user space tools can switch over to use mei_uuid.h.
Signed-off-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230310170747.22782-1-andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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We need the mainline fixes in this branch for testing and other
subsystem changes to be based properly on.
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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These char PCMCIA drivers are buggy[1] and receive only minimal care. It
was concluded[2], that we should try to remove most pcmcia drivers
completely. Let's start with these char broken one.
Note that I also removed a UAPI header: include/uapi/linux/cm4000_cs.h.
I found only coccinelle tests mentioning some ioctl constants from that
file. But they are not actually used. Anyway, should someone complain,
we may reintroduce the header (or its parts).
[1] https://lore.kernel.org/all/f41c2765-80e0-48bc-b1e4-8cfd3230fd4a@www.fastmail.com/
[2] https://lore.kernel.org/all/c5b39544-a4fb-4796-a046-0b9be9853787@app.fastmail.com/
Signed-off-by: Jiri Slaby (SUSE) <jirislaby@kernel.org>
Cc: "Hyunwoo Kim" <imv4bel@gmail.com>
Cc: Harald Welte <laforge@gnumonks.org>
Cc: Lubomir Rintel <lkundrak@v3.sk>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Acked-by: Dominik Brodowski <linux@dominikbrodowski.net>
Reviewed-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230222092302.6348-2-jirislaby@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/tty
Pull tty / serial updates from Greg KH:
"Here is the big set of tty/serial driver updates for 6.4-rc1.
Nothing major, just lots of tiny, constant, forward development. This
includes:
- obligatory n_gsm updates and feature additions
- 8250_em driver updates
- sh-sci driver updates
- dts cleanups and updates
- general cleanups and improvements by Ilpo and Jiri
- other small serial driver core fixes and driver updates
All of these have been in linux-next for a while with no reported
problems"
* tag 'tty-6.4-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/tty: (87 commits)
n_gsm: Use array_index_nospec() with index that comes from userspace
tty: vt: drop checks for undefined VT_SINGLE_DRIVER
tty: vt: distribute EXPORT_SYMBOL()
tty: vt: simplify some cases in tioclinux()
tty: vt: reformat tioclinux()
tty: serial: sh-sci: Fix end of transmission on SCI
tty: serial: sh-sci: Add support for tx end interrupt handling
tty: serial: sh-sci: Fix TE setting on SCI IP
tty: serial: sh-sci: Add RZ/G2L SCIFA DMA rx support
tty: serial: sh-sci: Add RZ/G2L SCIFA DMA tx support
serial: max310x: fix IO data corruption in batched operations
serial: core: Disable uart_start() on uart_remove_one_port()
serial: 8250: Reinit port->pm on port specific driver unbind
serial: 8250: Add missing wakeup event reporting
tty: serial: fsl_lpuart: use UARTMODIR register bits for lpuart32 platform
tty: serial: fsl_lpuart: adjust buffer length to the intended size
serial: fix TIOCSRS485 locking
serial: make SiFive serial drivers depend on ARCH_ symbols
tty: synclink_gt: don't allocate and pass dummy flags
tty: serial: simplify qcom_geni_serial_send_chunk_fifo()
...
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Parameter negotiation has been introduced with
commit 92f1f0c3290d ("tty: n_gsm: add parameter negotiation support")
However, means to set individual parameters per DLCI are not yet
implemented. Furthermore, it is currently not possible to keep a DLCI half
open until the user application sets the right parameters for it. This is
required to allow a user application to set its specific parameters before
the underlying link is established. Otherwise, the link is opened and
re-established right afterwards if the user application sets incompatible
parameters. This may be an unexpected behavior for the peer.
Add parameter 'wait_config' to 'gsm_config' to support setups where the
DLCI specific user application sets its specific parameters after open()
and before the link gets fully established. Setting this to zero disables
the user application specific DLCI configuration option.
Add the ioctls 'GSMIOC_GETCONF_DLCI' and 'GSMIOC_SETCONF_DLCI' for the
ldisc and virtual ttys. This gets/sets the DLCI specific parameters and may
trigger a reconnect of the DLCI if incompatible values have been set. Only
the parameters for the DLCI associated with the virtual tty can be set or
retrieved if called on these.
Add remark within the documentation to introduce the new ioctls.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/oe-kbuild-all/202302281856.S9Lz4gHB-lkp@intel.com/
Reported-by: kernel test robot <lkp@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Starke <daniel.starke@siemens.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230315105354.6234-1-daniel.starke@siemens.com
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tiwai/sound
Pull sound updates from Takashi Iwai:
"At this time, it's an interesting mixture of changes for both old and
new stuff. Majority of changes are about ASoC (lots of systematic
changes for converting remove callbacks to void, and cleanups), while
we got the fixes and the enhancements of very old PCI cards, too.
Here are some highlights:
ALSA/ASoC Core:
- Continued effort of more ASoC core cleanups
- Minor improvements for XRUN handling in indirect PCM helpers
- Code refactoring of PCM core code
ASoC:
- Continued feature and simplification work on SOF, including
addition of a no-DSP mode for bringup, HDA MLink and extensions to
the IPC4 protocol
- Hibernation support for CS35L45
- More DT binding conversions
- Support for Cirrus Logic CS35L56, Freescale QMC, Maxim MAX98363,
nVidia systems with MAX9809x and RT5631, Realtek RT712, Renesas
R-Car Gen4, Rockchip RK3588 and TI TAS5733
ALSA:
- Lots of works for legacy emu10k1 and ymfpci PCI drivers
- PCM kselftest fixes and enhancements"
* tag 'sound-6.4-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tiwai/sound: (586 commits)
ALSA: emu10k1: use high-level I/O in set_filterQ()
ALSA: emu10k1: use high-level I/O functions also during init
ALSA: emu10k1: fix error handling in snd_audigy_i2c_volume_put()
ALSA: emu10k1: don't stop DSP in _snd_emu10k1_{,audigy_}init_efx()
ALSA: emu10k1: fix SNDRV_EMU10K1_IOCTL_SINGLE_STEP
ALSA: emu10k1: skip Sound Blaster-specific hacks for E-MU cards
ALSA: emu10k1: fixup DSP defines
ALSA: emu10k1: pull in some register definitions from kX-project
ALSA: emu10k1: remove some bogus defines
ALSA: emu10k1: eliminate some unused defines
ALSA: emu10k1: fix lineup of EMU_HANA_* defines
ALSA: emu10k1: comment updates
ALSA: emu10k1: fix snd_emu1010_fpga_read() input masking for rev2 cards
ALSA: emu10k1: remove unused emu->pcm_playback_efx_substream field
ALSA: emu10k1: remove unused `resume` parameter from snd_emu10k1_init()
ALSA: emu10k1: minor optimizations
ALSA: emu10k1: remove remaining cruft from snd_emu10k1_emu1010_init()
ALSA: emu10k1: remove apparently pointless EMU_HANA_OPTION_CARDS reads
ALSA: emu10k1: remove apparently pointless FPGA reads
ALSA: emu10k1: stop doing weird things with HCFG in snd_emu10k1_emu1010_init()
...
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