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* memblock: add memblock_cap_memory_range()AKASHI Takahiro2017-04-051-15/+29
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Add memblock_cap_memory_range() which will remove all the memblock regions except the memory range specified in the arguments. In addition, rework is done on memblock_mem_limit_remove_map() to re-implement it using memblock_cap_memory_range(). This function, like memblock_mem_limit_remove_map(), will not remove memblocks with MEMMAP_NOMAP attribute as they may be mapped and accessed later as "device memory." See the commit a571d4eb55d8 ("mm/memblock.c: add new infrastructure to address the mem limit issue"). This function is used, in a succeeding patch in the series of arm64 kdump suuport, to limit the range of usable memory, or System RAM, on crash dump kernel. (Please note that "mem=" parameter is of little use for this purpose.) Signed-off-by: AKASHI Takahiro <takahiro.akashi@linaro.org> Reviewed-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com> Acked-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com> Acked-by: Dennis Chen <dennis.chen@arm.com> Cc: linux-mm@kvack.org Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Reviewed-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org> Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
* memblock: add memblock_clear_nomap()AKASHI Takahiro2017-04-051-0/+12
| | | | | | | | | | | This function, with a combination of memblock_mark_nomap(), will be used in a later kdump patch for arm64 when it temporarily isolates some range of memory from the other memory blocks in order to create a specific kernel mapping at boot time. Signed-off-by: AKASHI Takahiro <takahiro.akashi@linaro.org> Reviewed-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org> Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
* mm/memblock.c: fix memblock_next_valid_pfn()AKASHI Takahiro2017-03-101-1/+4
| | | | | | | | | | | | Obviously, we should not access memblock.memory.regions[right] if 'right' is outside of [0..memblock.memory.cnt>. Fixes: b92df1de5d28 ("mm: page_alloc: skip over regions of invalid pfns where possible") Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170303023745.9104-1-takahiro.akashi@linaro.org Signed-off-by: AKASHI Takahiro <takahiro.akashi@linaro.org> Cc: Paul Burton <paul.burton@imgtec.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* memblock: embed memblock type name within struct memblock_typeHeiko Carstens2017-02-251-24/+11
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Provide the name of each memblock type with struct memblock_type. This allows to get rid of the function memblock_type_name() and duplicating the type names in __memblock_dump_all(). The only memblock_type usage out of mm/memblock.c seems to be arch/s390/kernel/crash_dump.c. While at it, give it a name. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170120123456.46508-4-heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com> Cc: Philipp Hachtmann <phacht@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* memblock: also dump physmem list within __memblock_dump_allHeiko Carstens2017-02-251-0/+3
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Since commit 70210ed950b5 ("mm/memblock: add physical memory list") the memblock structure knows about a physical memory list. The physical memory list should also be dumped if memblock_dump_all() is called in case memblock_debug is switched on. This makes debugging a bit easier. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170120123456.46508-3-heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com> Cc: Philipp Hachtmann <phacht@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* memblock: let memblock_type_name know about physmem typeHeiko Carstens2017-02-251-0/+4
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Since commit 70210ed950b5 ("mm/memblock: add physical memory list") the memblock structure knows about a physical memory list. memblock_type_name() should return "physmem" instead of "unknown" if the name of the physmem memblock_type is being asked for. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170120123456.46508-2-heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com> Cc: Philipp Hachtmann <phacht@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm/memblock.c: remove unnecessary log and clean upMiles Chen2017-02-231-29/+25
| | | | | | | | | | | | | There is no variable named flags in memblock_add() and memblock_reserve() so remove it from the log messages. This patch also cleans up the type casting for phys_addr_t by using %pa to print them. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1484720165-25403-1-git-send-email-miles.chen@mediatek.com Signed-off-by: Miles Chen <miles.chen@mediatek.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm/memblock.c: check return value of memblock_reserve() in ↵Wei Yang2017-02-231-4/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | memblock_virt_alloc_internal() memblock_reserve() would add a new range to memblock.reserved in case the new range is not totally covered by any of the current memblock.reserved range. If the memblock.reserved is full and can't resize, memblock_reserve() would fail. This doesn't happen in real world now, I observed this during code review. While theoretically, it has the chance to happen. And if it happens, others would think this range of memory is still available and may corrupt the memory. This patch checks the return value and goto "done" after it succeeds. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1482363033-24754-3-git-send-email-richard.weiyang@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Wei Yang <richard.weiyang@gmail.com> Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm/memblock.c: trivial code refine in memblock_is_region_memory()Wei Yang2017-02-231-2/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | memblock_is_region_memory() invoke memblock_search() to see whether the base address is in the memory region. If it fails, idx would be -1. Then, it returns 0. If the memblock_search() returns a valid index, it means the base address is guaranteed to be in the range memblock.memory.regions[idx]. Because of this, it is not necessary to check the base again. This patch removes the check on "base". Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1482363033-24754-2-git-send-email-richard.weiyang@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Wei Yang <richard.weiyang@gmail.com> Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm: page_alloc: skip over regions of invalid pfns where possiblePaul Burton2017-02-231-0/+25
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | When using a sparse memory model memmap_init_zone() when invoked with the MEMMAP_EARLY context will skip over pages which aren't valid - ie. which aren't in a populated region of the sparse memory map. However if the memory map is extremely sparse then it can spend a long time linearly checking each PFN in a large non-populated region of the memory map & skipping it in turn. When CONFIG_HAVE_MEMBLOCK_NODE_MAP is enabled, we have sufficient information to quickly discover the next valid PFN given an invalid one by searching through the list of memory regions & skipping forwards to the first PFN covered by the memory region to the right of the non-populated region. Implement this in order to speed up memmap_init_zone() for systems with extremely sparse memory maps. James said "I have tested this patch on a virtual model of a Samurai CPU with a sparse memory map. The kernel boot time drops from 109 to 62 seconds. " Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20161125185518.29885-1-paul.burton@imgtec.com Signed-off-by: Paul Burton <paul.burton@imgtec.com> Tested-by: James Hartley <james.hartley@imgtec.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm: kmemleak: avoid using __va() on addresses that don't have a lowmem mappingCatalin Marinas2016-10-121-4/+4
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Some of the kmemleak_*() callbacks in memblock, bootmem, CMA convert a physical address to a virtual one using __va(). However, such physical addresses may sometimes be located in highmem and using __va() is incorrect, leading to inconsistent object tracking in kmemleak. The following functions have been added to the kmemleak API and they take a physical address as the object pointer. They only perform the corresponding action if the address has a lowmem mapping: kmemleak_alloc_phys kmemleak_free_part_phys kmemleak_not_leak_phys kmemleak_ignore_phys The affected calling places have been updated to use the new kmemleak API. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1471531432-16503-1-git-send-email-catalin.marinas@arm.com Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com> Reported-by: Vignesh R <vigneshr@ti.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm/memblock.c: expose total reserved memorySrikar Dronamraju2016-10-081-0/+5
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The total reserved memory in a system is accounted but not available for use use outside mm/memblock.c. By exposing the total reserved memory, systems can better calculate the size of large hashes. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1472476010-4709-3-git-send-email-srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com Signed-off-by: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Suggested-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org> Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au> Cc: Mahesh Salgaonkar <mahesh@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Hari Bathini <hbathini@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com> Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com> Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm/memblock.c: fix NULL dereference errorzijun_hu2016-08-051-1/+4
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | It causes NULL dereference error and failure to get type_a->regions[0] info if parameter type_b of __next_mem_range_rev() == NULL Fix this by checking before dereferring and initializing idx_b to 0 The approach is tested by dumping all types of region via __memblock_dump_all() and __next_mem_range_rev() fixed to UART separately the result is okay after checking the logs. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/57A0320D.6070102@zoho.com Signed-off-by: zijun_hu <zijun_hu@htc.com> Tested-by: zijun_hu <zijun_hu@htc.com> Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm/memblock: fix a typo in a commentAlexander Kuleshov2016-08-051-2/+2
| | | | | | | | | s/accomodate/accommodate/ Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160804121824.18100-1-kuleshovmail@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Alexander Kuleshov <kuleshovmail@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm/memblock.c: fix index adjustment error in __next_mem_range_rev()zijun_hu2016-07-291-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Fix region index adjustment error when parameter type_b of __next_mem_range_rev() == NULL. Signed-off-by: zijun_hu <zijun_hu@htc.com> Cc: Alexander Kuleshov <kuleshovmail@gmail.com> Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org> Cc: Tang Chen <tangchen@cn.fujitsu.com> Cc: Wei Yang <weiyang@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Tang Chen <tangchen@cn.fujitsu.com> Cc: Richard Leitner <dev@g0hl1n.net> Cc: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au> Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm/memblock.c: add new infrastructure to address the mem limit issueDennis Chen2016-07-291-5/+52
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | In some cases, memblock is queried by kernel to determine whether a specified address is RAM or not. For example, the ACPI core needs this information to determine which attributes to use when mapping ACPI regions(acpi_os_ioremap). Use of incorrect memory types can result in faults, data corruption, or other issues. Removing memory with memblock_enforce_memory_limit() throws away this information, and so a kernel booted with 'mem=' may suffer from the issues described above. To avoid this, we need to keep those NOMAP regions instead of removing all above the limit, which preserves the information we need while preventing other use of those regions. This patch adds new infrastructure to retain all NOMAP memblock regions while removing others, to cater for this. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1468475036-5852-2-git-send-email-dennis.chen@arm.com Signed-off-by: Dennis Chen <dennis.chen@arm.com> Acked-by: Steve Capper <steve.capper@arm.com> Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com> Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org> Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org> Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net> Cc: Tang Chen <tangchen@cn.fujitsu.com> Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org> Cc: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael@kernel.org> Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com> Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com> Cc: Matt Fleming <matt@codeblueprint.co.uk> Cc: Kaly Xin <kaly.xin@arm.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* memblock: include <asm/sections.h> instead of <asm-generic/sections.h>Christoph Hellwig2016-07-291-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | asm-generic headers are generic implementations for architecture specific code and should not be included by common code. Thus use the asm/ version of sections.h to get at the linker sections. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1468285103-7470-1-git-send-email-hch@lst.de Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm/memblock.c:memblock_add_range(): if nr_new is 0 just returnnimisolo2016-07-271-0/+3
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | If nr_new is 0 which means there's no region would be added, so just return to the caller. Signed-off-by: nimisolo <nimisolo@gmail.com> Cc: Alexander Kuleshov <kuleshovmail@gmail.com> Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org> Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net> Cc: Tang Chen <tangchen@cn.fujitsu.com> Cc: Wei Yang <weiyang@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm/memblock.c: remove unnecessary always-true comparisonRichard Leitner2016-05-211-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Comparing an u64 variable to >= 0 returns always true and can therefore be removed. This issue was detected using the -Wtype-limits gcc flag. This patch fixes following type-limits warning: mm/memblock.c: In function `__next_reserved_mem_region': mm/memblock.c:843:11: warning: comparison of unsigned expression >= 0 is always true [-Wtype-limits] if (*idx >= 0 && *idx < type->cnt) { Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160510103625.3a7f8f32@g0hl1n.net Signed-off-by: Richard Leitner <dev@g0hl1n.net> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm/memblock.c: move memblock_{add,reserve}_region into memblock_{add,reserve}Alexander Kuleshov2016-05-211-22/+6
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | memblock_add_region() and memblock_reserve_region() do nothing specific before the call of memblock_add_range(), only print debug output. We can do the same in memblock_add() and memblock_reserve() since both memblock_add_region() and memblock_reserve_region() are not used by anybody outside of memblock.c and memblock_{add,reserve}() have the same set of flags and nids. Since memblock_add_region() and memblock_reserve_region() will be inlined, there will not be functional changes, but will improve code readability a little. Signed-off-by: Alexander Kuleshov <kuleshovmail@gmail.com> Acked-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org> Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net> Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org> Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com> Cc: Tang Chen <tangchen@cn.fujitsu.com> Cc: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm: coalesce split stringsJoe Perches2016-03-171-2/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Kernel style prefers a single string over split strings when the string is 'user-visible'. Miscellanea: - Add a missing newline - Realign arguments Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com> Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> [percpu] Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm/memblock.c: remove unnecessary memblock_type variableAlexander Kuleshov2016-03-161-6/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | We define struct memblock_type *type in the memblock_add_region() and memblock_reserve_region() functions only for passing it to the memlock_add_range() and memblock_reserve_range() functions. Let's remove these variables and will pass a type directly. Signed-off-by: Alexander Kuleshov <kuleshovmail@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* memblock: don't mark memblock_phys_mem_size() as __initDavid Gibson2016-02-061-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | At the moment memblock_phys_mem_size() is marked as __init, and so is discarded after boot. This is different from most of the memblock functions which are marked __init_memblock, and are only discarded after boot if memory hotplug is not configured. To allow for upcoming code which will need memblock_phys_mem_size() in the hotplug path, change it from __init to __init_memblock. Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm/memblock: introduce for_each_memblock_type()Alexander Kuleshov2016-01-151-16/+16
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | We already have the for_each_memblock() macro in <linux/memblock.h> which provides ability to iterate over memblock regions of a known type. The for_each_memblock() macro allows us to pass the pointer to the struct memblock_type, instead we need to pass name of the type. This patch introduces a new macro for_each_memblock_type() which allows us iterate over memblock regions with the given type when the type is unknown. Signed-off-by: Alexander Kuleshov <kuleshovmail@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm/memblock: remove rgnbase and rgnsize variablesAlexander Kuleshov2016-01-151-6/+3
| | | | | | | | | | Remove rgnbase and rgnsize variables from memblock_overlaps_region(). We use these variables only for passing to the memblock_addrs_overlap() function and that's all. Let's remove them. Signed-off-by: Alexander Kuleshov <kuleshovmail@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm/memblock.c: memblock_is_memory()/reserved() can be booleanYaowei Bai2016-01-151-2/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | Make memblock_is_memory() and memblock_is_reserved return bool to improve readability due to these particular functions only using either one or zero as their return value. No functional change. Signed-off-by: Yaowei Bai <baiyaowei@cmss.chinamobile.com> Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm/memblock: add MEMBLOCK_NOMAP attribute to memblock memory tableArd Biesheuvel2015-12-091-0/+28
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This introduces the MEMBLOCK_NOMAP attribute and the required plumbing to make it usable as an indicator that some parts of normal memory should not be covered by the kernel direct mapping. It is up to the arch to actually honor the attribute when laying out this mapping, but the memblock code itself is modified to disregard these regions for allocations and other general use. Cc: linux-mm@kvack.org Cc: Alexander Kuleshov <kuleshovmail@gmail.com> Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Reviewed-by: Matt Fleming <matt@codeblueprint.co.uk> Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org> Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
* mm/memblock: make memblock_remove_range() staticAlexander Kuleshov2015-11-061-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | memblock_remove_range() is only used in the mm/memblock.c, so we can make it static. Signed-off-by: Alexander Kuleshov <kuleshovmail@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm/memblock.c: fix comment in __next_mem_range()Alexander Kuleshov2015-09-091-1/+1
| | | | | | Signed-off-by: Alexander Kuleshov <kuleshovmail@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm/memblock.c: fiy typos in commentsAlexander Kuleshov2015-09-091-4/+4
| | | | | | | | s/succees/success/ Signed-off-by: Alexander Kuleshov <kuleshovmail@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm/memblock.c: rename local variable of memblock_type to 'type'Alexander Kuleshov2015-09-091-5/+5
| | | | | | | | | | | | Since commit e3239ff92a17 ("memblock: Rename memblock_region to memblock_type and memblock_property to memblock_region"), all local variables of the membock_type type were renamed to 'type'. This commit renames all remaining local variables with the memblock_type type to the same view. Signed-off-by: Alexander Kuleshov <kuleshovmail@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mem-hotplug: handle node hole when initializing numa_meminfo.Tang Chen2015-09-091-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | When parsing SRAT, all memory ranges are added into numa_meminfo. In numa_init(), before entering numa_cleanup_meminfo(), all possible memory ranges are in numa_meminfo. And numa_cleanup_meminfo() removes all ranges over max_pfn or empty. But, this only works if the nodes are continuous. Let's have a look at the following example: We have an SRAT like this: SRAT: Node 0 PXM 0 [mem 0x00000000-0x5fffffff] SRAT: Node 0 PXM 0 [mem 0x100000000-0x1ffffffffff] SRAT: Node 1 PXM 1 [mem 0x20000000000-0x3ffffffffff] SRAT: Node 4 PXM 2 [mem 0x40000000000-0x5ffffffffff] hotplug SRAT: Node 5 PXM 3 [mem 0x60000000000-0x7ffffffffff] hotplug SRAT: Node 2 PXM 4 [mem 0x80000000000-0x9ffffffffff] hotplug SRAT: Node 3 PXM 5 [mem 0xa0000000000-0xbffffffffff] hotplug SRAT: Node 6 PXM 6 [mem 0xc0000000000-0xdffffffffff] hotplug SRAT: Node 7 PXM 7 [mem 0xe0000000000-0xfffffffffff] hotplug On boot, only node 0,1,2,3 exist. And the numa_meminfo will look like this: numa_meminfo.nr_blks = 9 1. on node 0: [0, 60000000] 2. on node 0: [100000000, 20000000000] 3. on node 1: [20000000000, 40000000000] 4. on node 4: [40000000000, 60000000000] 5. on node 5: [60000000000, 80000000000] 6. on node 2: [80000000000, a0000000000] 7. on node 3: [a0000000000, a0800000000] 8. on node 6: [c0000000000, a0800000000] 9. on node 7: [e0000000000, a0800000000] And numa_cleanup_meminfo() will merge 1 and 2, and remove 8,9 because the end address is over max_pfn, which is a0800000000. But 4 and 5 are not removed because their end addresses are less then max_pfn. But in fact, node 4 and 5 don't exist. In a word, numa_cleanup_meminfo() is not able to handle holes between nodes. Since memory ranges in node 4 and 5 are in numa_meminfo, in numa_register_memblks(), node 4 and 5 will be mistakenly set to online. If you run lscpu, it will show: NUMA node0 CPU(s): 0-14,128-142 NUMA node1 CPU(s): 15-29,143-157 NUMA node2 CPU(s): NUMA node3 CPU(s): NUMA node4 CPU(s): 62-76,190-204 NUMA node5 CPU(s): 78-92,206-220 In this patch, we use memblock_overlaps_region() to check if ranges in numa_meminfo overlap with ranges in memory_block. Since memory_block contains all available memory at boot time, if they overlap, it means the ranges exist. If not, then remove them from numa_meminfo. After this patch, lscpu will show: NUMA node0 CPU(s): 0-14,128-142 NUMA node1 CPU(s): 15-29,143-157 NUMA node4 CPU(s): 62-76,190-204 NUMA node5 CPU(s): 78-92,206-220 Signed-off-by: Tang Chen <tangchen@cn.fujitsu.com> Reviewed-by: Yasuaki Ishimatsu <isimatu.yasuaki@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Luiz Capitulino <lcapitulino@redhat.com> Cc: Xishi Qiu <qiuxishi@huawei.com> Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com> Cc: Vladimir Murzin <vladimir.murzin@arm.com> Cc: Fabian Frederick <fabf@skynet.be> Cc: Alexander Kuleshov <kuleshovmail@gmail.com> Cc: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm/memblock.c: make memblock_overlaps_region() return bool.Tang Chen2015-09-091-5/+5
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | memblock_overlaps_region() checks if the given memblock region intersects a region in memblock. If so, it returns the index of the intersected region. But its only caller is memblock_is_region_reserved(), and it returns 0 if false, non-zero if true. Both of these should return bool. Signed-off-by: Tang Chen <tangchen@cn.fujitsu.com> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Yasuaki Ishimatsu <isimatu.yasuaki@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Luiz Capitulino <lcapitulino@redhat.com> Cc: Xishi Qiu <qiuxishi@huawei.com> Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com> Cc: Vladimir Murzin <vladimir.murzin@arm.com> Cc: Fabian Frederick <fabf@skynet.be> Cc: Alexander Kuleshov <kuleshovmail@gmail.com> Cc: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm/memblock.c: WARN_ON when flags differs from overlap regionWei Yang2015-09-091-0/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Each memblock_region has flags to indicates the type of this range. For the overlap case, memblock_add_range() inserts the lower part and leave the upper part as indicated in the overlapped region. If the flags of the new range differs from the overlapped region, the information recorded is not correct. This patch adds a WARN_ON when the flags of the new range differs from the overlapped region. Signed-off-by: Wei Yang <weiyang@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm/memblock: WARN_ON when nid differs from overlap regionWei Yang2015-09-051-0/+3
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Each memblock_region has nid to indicates the Node ID of this range. For the overlap case, memblock_add_range() inserts the lower part and leave the upper part as indicated in the overlapped region. If the nid of the new range differs from the overlapped region, the information recorded is not correct. This patch adds a WARN_ON when the nid of the new range differs from the overlapped region. Signed-off-by: Wei Yang <weiyang@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm: page_alloc: pass PFN to __free_pages_bootmemMel Gorman2015-07-011-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | __free_pages_bootmem prepares a page for release to the buddy allocator and assumes that the struct page is initialised. Parallel initialisation of struct pages defers initialisation and __free_pages_bootmem can be called for struct pages that cannot yet map struct page to PFN. This patch passes PFN to __free_pages_bootmem with no other functional change. Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de> Tested-by: Nate Zimmer <nzimmer@sgi.com> Tested-by: Waiman Long <waiman.long@hp.com> Tested-by: Daniel J Blueman <daniel@numascale.com> Acked-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org> Cc: Robin Holt <robinmholt@gmail.com> Cc: Nate Zimmer <nzimmer@sgi.com> Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com> Cc: Waiman Long <waiman.long@hp.com> Cc: Scott Norton <scott.norton@hp.com> Cc: "Luck, Tony" <tony.luck@intel.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* memblock: introduce a for_each_reserved_mem_region iteratorRobin Holt2015-07-011-0/+32
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Struct page initialisation had been identified as one of the reasons why large machines take a long time to boot. Patches were posted a long time ago to defer initialisation until they were first used. This was rejected on the grounds it should not be necessary to hurt the fast paths. This series reuses much of the work from that time but defers the initialisation of memory to kswapd so that one thread per node initialises memory local to that node. After applying the series and setting the appropriate Kconfig variable I see this in the boot log on a 64G machine [ 7.383764] kswapd 0 initialised deferred memory in 188ms [ 7.404253] kswapd 1 initialised deferred memory in 208ms [ 7.411044] kswapd 3 initialised deferred memory in 216ms [ 7.411551] kswapd 2 initialised deferred memory in 216ms On a 1TB machine, I see [ 8.406511] kswapd 3 initialised deferred memory in 1116ms [ 8.428518] kswapd 1 initialised deferred memory in 1140ms [ 8.435977] kswapd 0 initialised deferred memory in 1148ms [ 8.437416] kswapd 2 initialised deferred memory in 1148ms Once booted the machine appears to work as normal. Boot times were measured from the time shutdown was called until ssh was available again. In the 64G case, the boot time savings are negligible. On the 1TB machine, the savings were 16 seconds. Nate Zimmer said: : On an older 8 TB box with lots and lots of cpus the boot time, as : measure from grub to login prompt, the boot time improved from 1484 : seconds to exactly 1000 seconds. Waiman Long said: : I ran a bootup timing test on a 12-TB 16-socket IvyBridge-EX system. From : grub menu to ssh login, the bootup time was 453s before the patch and 265s : after the patch - a saving of 188s (42%). Daniel Blueman said: : On a 7TB, 1728-core NumaConnect system with 108 NUMA nodes, we're seeing : stock 4.0 boot in 7136s. This drops to 2159s, or a 70% reduction with : this patchset. Non-temporal PMD init (https://lkml.org/lkml/2015/4/23/350) : drops this to 1045s. This patch (of 13): As part of initializing struct page's in 2MiB chunks, we noticed that at the end of free_all_bootmem(), there was nothing which had forced the reserved/allocated 4KiB pages to be initialized. This helper function will be used for that expansion. Signed-off-by: Robin Holt <holt@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Nate Zimmer <nzimmer@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de> Tested-by: Nate Zimmer <nzimmer@sgi.com> Tested-by: Waiman Long <waiman.long@hp.com> Tested-by: Daniel J Blueman <daniel@numascale.com> Acked-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org> Cc: Robin Holt <robinmholt@gmail.com> Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com> Cc: Waiman Long <waiman.long@hp.com> Cc: Scott Norton <scott.norton@hp.com> Cc: "Luck, Tony" <tony.luck@intel.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm/memblock: allocate boot time data structures from mirrored memoryTony Luck2015-06-251-11/+67
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Try to allocate all boot time kernel data structures from mirrored memory. If we run out of mirrored memory print warnings, but fall back to using non-mirrored memory to make sure that we still boot. By number of bytes, most of what we allocate at boot time is the page structures. 64 bytes per 4K page on x86_64 ... or about 1.5% of total system memory. For workloads where the bulk of memory is allocated to applications this may represent a useful improvement to system availability since 1.5% of total memory might be a third of the memory allocated to the kernel. Signed-off-by: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com> Cc: Xishi Qiu <qiuxishi@huawei.com> Cc: Hanjun Guo <guohanjun@huawei.com> Cc: Xiexiuqi <xiexiuqi@huawei.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org> Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <nao.horiguchi@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm/memblock: add extra "flags" to memblock to allow selection of memory ↵Tony Luck2015-06-251-20/+35
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | based on attribute Some high end Intel Xeon systems report uncorrectable memory errors as a recoverable machine check. Linux has included code for some time to process these and just signal the affected processes (or even recover completely if the error was in a read only page that can be replaced by reading from disk). But we have no recovery path for errors encountered during kernel code execution. Except for some very specific cases were are unlikely to ever be able to recover. Enter memory mirroring. Actually 3rd generation of memory mirroing. Gen1: All memory is mirrored Pro: No s/w enabling - h/w just gets good data from other side of the mirror Con: Halves effective memory capacity available to OS/applications Gen2: Partial memory mirror - just mirror memory begind some memory controllers Pro: Keep more of the capacity Con: Nightmare to enable. Have to choose between allocating from mirrored memory for safety vs. NUMA local memory for performance Gen3: Address range partial memory mirror - some mirror on each memory controller Pro: Can tune the amount of mirror and keep NUMA performance Con: I have to write memory management code to implement The current plan is just to use mirrored memory for kernel allocations. This has been broken into two phases: 1) This patch series - find the mirrored memory, use it for boot time allocations 2) Wade into mm/page_alloc.c and define a ZONE_MIRROR to pick up the unused mirrored memory from mm/memblock.c and only give it out to select kernel allocations (this is still being scoped because page_alloc.c is scary). This patch (of 3): Add extra "flags" to memblock to allow selection of memory based on attribute. No functional changes Signed-off-by: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com> Cc: Xishi Qiu <qiuxishi@huawei.com> Cc: Hanjun Guo <guohanjun@huawei.com> Cc: Xiexiuqi <xiexiuqi@huawei.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org> Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <nao.horiguchi@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm/memblock.c: add debug output for memblock_add()Alexander Kuleshov2015-04-161-2/+16
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | memblock_reserve() calls memblock_reserve_region() which prints debugging information if 'memblock=debug' was passed on the command line. This patch adds the same behaviour, but for memblock_add function(). [akpm@linux-foundation.org: s/memblock_memory/memblock_add/ in message] Signed-off-by: Alexander Kuleshov <kuleshovmail@gmail.com> Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com> Cc: Philipp Hachtmann <phacht@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Fabian Frederick <fabf@skynet.be> Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com> Cc: Emil Medve <Emilian.Medve@freescale.com> Cc: Akinobu Mita <akinobu.mita@gmail.com> Cc: Tang Chen <tangchen@cn.fujitsu.com> Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm/memblock.c: rename local variable of memblock_type to `type'Baoquan He2015-04-151-2/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | A small cleanup. Seems in e3239ff9 ("memblock: Rename memblock_region to memblock_type and memblock_property to memblock_region") this one was missed. Signed-off-by: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com> Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm/memblock.c: refactor functions to set/clear MEMBLOCK_HOTPLUGTony Luck2014-12-131-23/+20
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | There is a lot of duplication in the rubric around actually setting or clearing a mem region flag. Create a new helper function to do this and reduce each of memblock_mark_hotplug() and memblock_clear_hotplug() to a single line. This will be useful if someone were to add a new mem region flag - which I hope to be doing some day soon. But it looks like a plausible cleanup even without that - so I'd like to get it out of the way now. Signed-off-by: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com> Cc: Santosh Shilimkar <santosh.shilimkar@ti.com> Cc: Tang Chen <tangchen@cn.fujitsu.com> Cc: Grygorii Strashko <grygorii.strashko@ti.com> Cc: Zhang Yanfei <zhangyanfei@cn.fujitsu.com> Cc: Philipp Hachtmann <phacht@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org> Cc: Emil Medve <Emilian.Medve@freescale.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mem-hotplug: let memblock skip the hotpluggable memory regions in ↵Xishi Qiu2014-09-111-0/+4
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | __next_mem_range() Let memblock skip the hotpluggable memory regions in __next_mem_range(), it is used to to prevent memblock from allocating hotpluggable memory for the kernel at early time. The code is the same as __next_mem_range_rev(). Clear hotpluggable flag before releasing free pages to the buddy allocator. If we don't clear hotpluggable flag in free_low_memory_core_early(), the memory which marked hotpluggable flag will not free to buddy allocator. Because __next_mem_range() will skip them. free_low_memory_core_early for_each_free_mem_range for_each_mem_range __next_mem_range [akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix warning] Signed-off-by: Xishi Qiu <qiuxishi@huawei.com> Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Tang Chen <tangchen@cn.fujitsu.com> Cc: Zhang Yanfei <zhangyanfei@cn.fujitsu.com> Cc: Wen Congyang <wency@cn.fujitsu.com> Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@sisk.pl> Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* memblock, memhotplug: fix wrong type in memblock_find_in_range_node().Tang Chen2014-08-301-2/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | In memblock_find_in_range_node(), we defined ret as int. But it should be phys_addr_t because it is used to store the return value from __memblock_find_range_bottom_up(). The bug has not been triggered because when allocating low memory near the kernel end, the "int ret" won't turn out to be negative. When we started to allocate memory on other nodes, and the "int ret" could be minus. Then the kernel will panic. A simple way to reproduce this: comment out the following code in numa_init(), memblock_set_bottom_up(false); and the kernel won't boot. Reported-by: Xishi Qiu <qiuxishi@huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Tang Chen <tangchen@cn.fujitsu.com> Tested-by: Xishi Qiu <qiuxishi@huawei.com> Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> [3.13+] Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm/memblock.c: call kmemleak directly from memblock_(alloc|free)Catalin Marinas2014-06-071-2/+8
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Kmemleak could ignore memory blocks allocated via memblock_alloc() leading to false positives during scanning. This patch adds the corresponding callbacks and removes kmemleak_free_* calls in mm/nobootmem.c to avoid duplication. The kmemleak_alloc() in mm/nobootmem.c is kept since __alloc_memory_core_early() does not use memblock_alloc() directly. Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm/memblock.c: use PFN_DOWNFabian Frederick2014-06-051-3/+2
| | | | | | | | Replace ((x) >> PAGE_SHIFT) with the pfn macro. Signed-off-by: Fabian Frederick <fabf@skynet.be> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* memblock: introduce memblock_alloc_range()Akinobu Mita2014-06-051-4/+17
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This introduces memblock_alloc_range() which allocates memblock from the specified range of physical address. I would like to use this function to specify the location of CMA. Signed-off-by: Akinobu Mita <akinobu.mita@gmail.com> Cc: Marek Szyprowski <m.szyprowski@samsung.com> Cc: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com> Cc: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org> Cc: Don Dutile <ddutile@redhat.com> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com> Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org> Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm/memblock: add physical memory listPhilipp Hachtmann2014-05-201-0/+12
| | | | | | | | | | | Add the physmem list to the memblock structure. This list only exists if HAVE_MEMBLOCK_PHYS_MAP is selected and contains the unmodified list of physically available memory. It differs from the memblock memory list as it always contains all memory ranges even if the memory has been restricted, e.g. by use of the mem= kernel parameter. Signed-off-by: Philipp Hachtmann <phacht@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
* mm/memblock: Do some refactoring, enhance APIPhilipp Hachtmann2014-05-201-71/+122
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Refactor the memblock code and extend the memblock API to make it more flexible. With the extended API it is simple to define and work with additional memory lists. The static functions memblock_add_region and __memblock_remove are renamed to memblock_add_range and meblock_remove_range and added to the memblock API. The __next_free_mem_range and __next_free_mem_range_rev functions are replaced with calls to the more generic list walkers __next_mem_range and __next_mem_range_rev. To walk an arbitrary memory list two new macros for_each_mem_range and for_each_mem_range_rev are added. These new macros are used to define for_each_free_mem_range and for_each_free_mem_range_reverse. Signed-off-by: Philipp Hachtmann <phacht@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
* mm/memblock.c: use PFN_PHYS()Fabian Frederick2014-04-081-2/+2
| | | | | | | | Replace ((phys_addr_t)(x) << PAGE_SHIFT) by pfn macro. Signed-off-by: Fabian Frederick <fabf@skynet.be> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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