From b5ca117365d960fe5e4fe272bcc8142c28769383 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Nayna Jain Date: Tue, 9 Oct 2018 23:00:34 +0530 Subject: ima: prevent kexec_load syscall based on runtime secureboot flag When CONFIG_KEXEC_VERIFY_SIG is enabled, the kexec_file_load syscall requires the kexec'd kernel image to be signed. Distros are concerned about totally disabling the kexec_load syscall. As a compromise, the kexec_load syscall will only be disabled when CONFIG_KEXEC_VERIFY_SIG is configured and the system is booted with secureboot enabled. This patch disables the kexec_load syscall only for systems booted with secureboot enabled. [zohar@linux.ibm.com: add missing mesage on kexec_load failure] Signed-off-by: Nayna Jain Cc: David Howells Cc: Eric Biederman Cc: Peter Jones Cc: Vivek Goyal Cc: Dave Young Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar --- security/integrity/ima/ima_main.c | 19 +++++++++++++------ 1 file changed, 13 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-) (limited to 'security/integrity/ima') diff --git a/security/integrity/ima/ima_main.c b/security/integrity/ima/ima_main.c index 1b88d58e1325..df0b2ee49fa2 100644 --- a/security/integrity/ima/ima_main.c +++ b/security/integrity/ima/ima_main.c @@ -505,20 +505,26 @@ int ima_post_read_file(struct file *file, void *buf, loff_t size, */ int ima_load_data(enum kernel_load_data_id id) { - bool sig_enforce; + bool ima_enforce, sig_enforce; - if ((ima_appraise & IMA_APPRAISE_ENFORCE) != IMA_APPRAISE_ENFORCE) - return 0; + ima_enforce = + (ima_appraise & IMA_APPRAISE_ENFORCE) == IMA_APPRAISE_ENFORCE; switch (id) { case LOADING_KEXEC_IMAGE: - if (ima_appraise & IMA_APPRAISE_KEXEC) { + if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_KEXEC_VERIFY_SIG) + && arch_ima_get_secureboot()) { + pr_err("impossible to appraise a kernel image without a file descriptor; try using kexec_file_load syscall.\n"); + return -EACCES; + } + + if (ima_enforce && (ima_appraise & IMA_APPRAISE_KEXEC)) { pr_err("impossible to appraise a kernel image without a file descriptor; try using kexec_file_load syscall.\n"); return -EACCES; /* INTEGRITY_UNKNOWN */ } break; case LOADING_FIRMWARE: - if (ima_appraise & IMA_APPRAISE_FIRMWARE) { + if (ima_enforce && (ima_appraise & IMA_APPRAISE_FIRMWARE)) { pr_err("Prevent firmware sysfs fallback loading.\n"); return -EACCES; /* INTEGRITY_UNKNOWN */ } @@ -526,7 +532,8 @@ int ima_load_data(enum kernel_load_data_id id) case LOADING_MODULE: sig_enforce = is_module_sig_enforced(); - if (!sig_enforce && (ima_appraise & IMA_APPRAISE_MODULES)) { + if (ima_enforce && (!sig_enforce + && (ima_appraise & IMA_APPRAISE_MODULES))) { pr_err("impossible to appraise a module without a file descriptor. sig_enforce kernel parameter might help\n"); return -EACCES; /* INTEGRITY_UNKNOWN */ } -- cgit v1.2.3 From c52657d93b0530449233979514a08cf9fe5c24bc Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Nayna Jain Date: Tue, 9 Oct 2018 23:00:35 +0530 Subject: ima: refactor ima_init_policy() This patch removes the code duplication in ima_init_policy() by defining a new function named add_rules(). The new function adds the rules to the initial IMA policy, the custom policy or both based on the policy mask (IMA_DEFAULT_POLICY, IMA_CUSTOM_POLICY). Signed-off-by: Nayna Jain Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar --- security/integrity/ima/ima_policy.c | 97 +++++++++++++++++++++---------------- 1 file changed, 56 insertions(+), 41 deletions(-) (limited to 'security/integrity/ima') diff --git a/security/integrity/ima/ima_policy.c b/security/integrity/ima/ima_policy.c index 8c9499867c91..1e30d09a56db 100644 --- a/security/integrity/ima/ima_policy.c +++ b/security/integrity/ima/ima_policy.c @@ -58,6 +58,8 @@ enum lsm_rule_types { LSM_OBJ_USER, LSM_OBJ_ROLE, LSM_OBJ_TYPE, enum policy_types { ORIGINAL_TCB = 1, DEFAULT_TCB }; +enum policy_rule_list { IMA_DEFAULT_POLICY = 1, IMA_CUSTOM_POLICY }; + struct ima_rule_entry { struct list_head list; int action; @@ -473,6 +475,32 @@ static int ima_appraise_flag(enum ima_hooks func) return 0; } +static void add_rules(struct ima_rule_entry *entries, int count, + enum policy_rule_list policy_rule) +{ + int i = 0; + + for (i = 0; i < count; i++) { + struct ima_rule_entry *entry; + + if (policy_rule & IMA_DEFAULT_POLICY) + list_add_tail(&entries[i].list, &ima_default_rules); + + if (policy_rule & IMA_CUSTOM_POLICY) { + entry = kmemdup(&entries[i], sizeof(*entry), + GFP_KERNEL); + if (!entry) + continue; + + list_add_tail(&entry->list, &ima_policy_rules); + } + if (entries[i].action == APPRAISE) + temp_ima_appraise |= ima_appraise_flag(entries[i].func); + if (entries[i].func == POLICY_CHECK) + temp_ima_appraise |= IMA_APPRAISE_POLICY; + } +} + /** * ima_init_policy - initialize the default measure rules. * @@ -481,28 +509,23 @@ static int ima_appraise_flag(enum ima_hooks func) */ void __init ima_init_policy(void) { - int i, measure_entries, appraise_entries, secure_boot_entries; - - /* if !ima_policy set entries = 0 so we load NO default rules */ - measure_entries = ima_policy ? ARRAY_SIZE(dont_measure_rules) : 0; - appraise_entries = ima_use_appraise_tcb ? - ARRAY_SIZE(default_appraise_rules) : 0; - secure_boot_entries = ima_use_secure_boot ? - ARRAY_SIZE(secure_boot_rules) : 0; + int build_appraise_entries; - for (i = 0; i < measure_entries; i++) - list_add_tail(&dont_measure_rules[i].list, &ima_default_rules); + /* if !ima_policy, we load NO default rules */ + if (ima_policy) + add_rules(dont_measure_rules, ARRAY_SIZE(dont_measure_rules), + IMA_DEFAULT_POLICY); switch (ima_policy) { case ORIGINAL_TCB: - for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(original_measurement_rules); i++) - list_add_tail(&original_measurement_rules[i].list, - &ima_default_rules); + add_rules(original_measurement_rules, + ARRAY_SIZE(original_measurement_rules), + IMA_DEFAULT_POLICY); break; case DEFAULT_TCB: - for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(default_measurement_rules); i++) - list_add_tail(&default_measurement_rules[i].list, - &ima_default_rules); + add_rules(default_measurement_rules, + ARRAY_SIZE(default_measurement_rules), + IMA_DEFAULT_POLICY); default: break; } @@ -511,38 +534,30 @@ void __init ima_init_policy(void) * Insert the builtin "secure_boot" policy rules requiring file * signatures, prior to any other appraise rules. */ - for (i = 0; i < secure_boot_entries; i++) { - list_add_tail(&secure_boot_rules[i].list, &ima_default_rules); - temp_ima_appraise |= - ima_appraise_flag(secure_boot_rules[i].func); - } + if (ima_use_secure_boot) + add_rules(secure_boot_rules, ARRAY_SIZE(secure_boot_rules), + IMA_DEFAULT_POLICY); /* * Insert the build time appraise rules requiring file signatures * for both the initial and custom policies, prior to other appraise - * rules. + * rules. As the secure boot rules includes all of the build time + * rules, include either one or the other set of rules, but not both. */ - for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(build_appraise_rules); i++) { - struct ima_rule_entry *entry; - - if (!secure_boot_entries) - list_add_tail(&build_appraise_rules[i].list, - &ima_default_rules); - - entry = kmemdup(&build_appraise_rules[i], sizeof(*entry), - GFP_KERNEL); - if (entry) - list_add_tail(&entry->list, &ima_policy_rules); - build_ima_appraise |= - ima_appraise_flag(build_appraise_rules[i].func); + build_appraise_entries = ARRAY_SIZE(build_appraise_rules); + if (build_appraise_entries) { + if (ima_use_secure_boot) + add_rules(build_appraise_rules, build_appraise_entries, + IMA_CUSTOM_POLICY); + else + add_rules(build_appraise_rules, build_appraise_entries, + IMA_DEFAULT_POLICY | IMA_CUSTOM_POLICY); } - for (i = 0; i < appraise_entries; i++) { - list_add_tail(&default_appraise_rules[i].list, - &ima_default_rules); - if (default_appraise_rules[i].func == POLICY_CHECK) - temp_ima_appraise |= IMA_APPRAISE_POLICY; - } + if (ima_use_appraise_tcb) + add_rules(default_appraise_rules, + ARRAY_SIZE(default_appraise_rules), + IMA_DEFAULT_POLICY); ima_rules = &ima_default_rules; ima_update_policy_flag(); -- cgit v1.2.3 From 6191706246de99ff2fac4b6f157f20205a0943cd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Nayna Jain Date: Tue, 9 Oct 2018 23:00:36 +0530 Subject: ima: add support for arch specific policies Builtin IMA policies can be enabled on the boot command line, and replaced with a custom policy, normally during early boot in the initramfs. Build time IMA policy rules were recently added. These rules are automatically enabled on boot and persist after loading a custom policy. There is a need for yet another type of policy, an architecture specific policy, which is derived at runtime during kernel boot, based on the runtime secure boot flags. Like the build time policy rules, these rules persist after loading a custom policy. This patch adds support for loading an architecture specific IMA policy. Signed-off-by: Nayna Jain Co-Developed-by: Mimi Zohar Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar --- include/linux/ima.h | 5 +++ security/integrity/ima/ima_policy.c | 72 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-- 2 files changed, 75 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) (limited to 'security/integrity/ima') diff --git a/include/linux/ima.h b/include/linux/ima.h index 948135fb60f1..62c5241b0899 100644 --- a/include/linux/ima.h +++ b/include/linux/ima.h @@ -39,6 +39,11 @@ static inline bool arch_ima_get_secureboot(void) } #endif +static inline const char * const *arch_get_ima_policy(void) +{ + return NULL; +} + #else static inline int ima_bprm_check(struct linux_binprm *bprm) { diff --git a/security/integrity/ima/ima_policy.c b/security/integrity/ima/ima_policy.c index 1e30d09a56db..b20770704b6c 100644 --- a/security/integrity/ima/ima_policy.c +++ b/security/integrity/ima/ima_policy.c @@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ #include #include #include +#include #include "ima.h" @@ -195,6 +196,9 @@ static struct ima_rule_entry secure_boot_rules[] __ro_after_init = { .flags = IMA_FUNC | IMA_DIGSIG_REQUIRED}, }; +/* An array of architecture specific rules */ +struct ima_rule_entry *arch_policy_entry __ro_after_init; + static LIST_HEAD(ima_default_rules); static LIST_HEAD(ima_policy_rules); static LIST_HEAD(ima_temp_rules); @@ -501,6 +505,49 @@ static void add_rules(struct ima_rule_entry *entries, int count, } } +static int ima_parse_rule(char *rule, struct ima_rule_entry *entry); + +static int __init ima_init_arch_policy(void) +{ + const char * const *arch_rules; + const char * const *rules; + int arch_entries = 0; + int i = 0; + + arch_rules = arch_get_ima_policy(); + if (!arch_rules) + return arch_entries; + + /* Get number of rules */ + for (rules = arch_rules; *rules != NULL; rules++) + arch_entries++; + + arch_policy_entry = kcalloc(arch_entries + 1, + sizeof(*arch_policy_entry), GFP_KERNEL); + if (!arch_policy_entry) + return 0; + + /* Convert each policy string rules to struct ima_rule_entry format */ + for (rules = arch_rules, i = 0; *rules != NULL; rules++) { + char rule[255]; + int result; + + result = strlcpy(rule, *rules, sizeof(rule)); + + INIT_LIST_HEAD(&arch_policy_entry[i].list); + result = ima_parse_rule(rule, &arch_policy_entry[i]); + if (result) { + pr_warn("Skipping unknown architecture policy rule: %s\n", + rule); + memset(&arch_policy_entry[i], 0, + sizeof(*arch_policy_entry)); + continue; + } + i++; + } + return i; +} + /** * ima_init_policy - initialize the default measure rules. * @@ -509,7 +556,7 @@ static void add_rules(struct ima_rule_entry *entries, int count, */ void __init ima_init_policy(void) { - int build_appraise_entries; + int build_appraise_entries, arch_entries; /* if !ima_policy, we load NO default rules */ if (ima_policy) @@ -530,9 +577,22 @@ void __init ima_init_policy(void) break; } + /* + * Based on runtime secure boot flags, insert arch specific measurement + * and appraise rules requiring file signatures for both the initial + * and custom policies, prior to other appraise rules. + * (Highest priority) + */ + arch_entries = ima_init_arch_policy(); + if (!arch_entries) + pr_info("No architecture policies found\n"); + else + add_rules(arch_policy_entry, arch_entries, + IMA_DEFAULT_POLICY | IMA_CUSTOM_POLICY); + /* * Insert the builtin "secure_boot" policy rules requiring file - * signatures, prior to any other appraise rules. + * signatures, prior to other appraise rules. */ if (ima_use_secure_boot) add_rules(secure_boot_rules, ARRAY_SIZE(secure_boot_rules), @@ -591,6 +651,14 @@ void ima_update_policy(void) if (ima_rules != policy) { ima_policy_flag = 0; ima_rules = policy; + + /* + * IMA architecture specific policy rules are specified + * as strings and converted to an array of ima_entry_rules + * on boot. After loading a custom policy, free the + * architecture specific rules stored as an array. + */ + kfree(arch_policy_entry); } ima_update_policy_flag(); } -- cgit v1.2.3 From d958083a8f6408e76850bc7394976050d7e43173 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Eric Richter Date: Tue, 9 Oct 2018 23:00:37 +0530 Subject: x86/ima: define arch_get_ima_policy() for x86 On x86, there are two methods of verifying a kexec'ed kernel image signature being loaded via the kexec_file_load syscall - an architecture specific implementaton or a IMA KEXEC_KERNEL_CHECK appraisal rule. Neither of these methods verify the kexec'ed kernel image signature being loaded via the kexec_load syscall. Secure boot enabled systems require kexec images to be signed. Therefore, this patch loads an IMA KEXEC_KERNEL_CHECK policy rule on secure boot enabled systems not configured with CONFIG_KEXEC_VERIFY_SIG enabled. When IMA_APPRAISE_BOOTPARAM is configured, different IMA appraise modes (eg. fix, log) can be specified on the boot command line, allowing unsigned or invalidly signed kernel images to be kexec'ed. This patch permits enabling IMA_APPRAISE_BOOTPARAM or IMA_ARCH_POLICY, but not both. Signed-off-by: Eric Richter Signed-off-by: Nayna Jain Cc: David Howells Cc: Eric Biederman Cc: Peter Jones Cc: Vivek Goyal Cc: Dave Young Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar --- arch/x86/kernel/ima_arch.c | 16 ++++++++++++++++ include/linux/ima.h | 3 ++- security/integrity/ima/Kconfig | 10 +++++++++- 3 files changed, 27 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) (limited to 'security/integrity/ima') diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/ima_arch.c b/arch/x86/kernel/ima_arch.c index bb5a88d2b271..6c248616ee57 100644 --- a/arch/x86/kernel/ima_arch.c +++ b/arch/x86/kernel/ima_arch.c @@ -15,3 +15,19 @@ bool arch_ima_get_secureboot(void) else return false; } + +/* secureboot arch rules */ +static const char * const sb_arch_rules[] = { +#if !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_KEXEC_VERIFY_SIG) + "appraise func=KEXEC_KERNEL_CHECK appraise_type=imasig", +#endif /* CONFIG_KEXEC_VERIFY_SIG */ + "measure func=KEXEC_KERNEL_CHECK", + NULL +}; + +const char * const *arch_get_ima_policy(void) +{ + if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_IMA_ARCH_POLICY) && arch_ima_get_secureboot()) + return sb_arch_rules; + return NULL; +} diff --git a/include/linux/ima.h b/include/linux/ima.h index 62c5241b0899..5ab9134d4fd7 100644 --- a/include/linux/ima.h +++ b/include/linux/ima.h @@ -32,17 +32,18 @@ extern void ima_add_kexec_buffer(struct kimage *image); #ifdef CONFIG_X86 extern bool arch_ima_get_secureboot(void); +extern const char * const *arch_get_ima_policy(void); #else static inline bool arch_ima_get_secureboot(void) { return false; } -#endif static inline const char * const *arch_get_ima_policy(void) { return NULL; } +#endif #else static inline int ima_bprm_check(struct linux_binprm *bprm) diff --git a/security/integrity/ima/Kconfig b/security/integrity/ima/Kconfig index 13b446328dda..a18f8c6d13b5 100644 --- a/security/integrity/ima/Kconfig +++ b/security/integrity/ima/Kconfig @@ -157,6 +157,14 @@ config IMA_APPRAISE If unsure, say N. +config IMA_ARCH_POLICY + bool "Enable loading an IMA architecture specific policy" + depends on KEXEC_VERIFY_SIG || IMA_APPRAISE && INTEGRITY_ASYMMETRIC_KEYS + default n + help + This option enables loading an IMA architecture specific policy + based on run time secure boot flags. + config IMA_APPRAISE_BUILD_POLICY bool "IMA build time configured policy rules" depends on IMA_APPRAISE && INTEGRITY_ASYMMETRIC_KEYS @@ -217,7 +225,7 @@ config IMA_APPRAISE_REQUIRE_POLICY_SIGS config IMA_APPRAISE_BOOTPARAM bool "ima_appraise boot parameter" - depends on IMA_APPRAISE + depends on IMA_APPRAISE && !IMA_ARCH_POLICY default y help This option enables the different "ima_appraise=" modes -- cgit v1.2.3 From 060190fbe676268a04a80d5f4b426fc3db9c2401 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Mimi Zohar Date: Wed, 14 Nov 2018 17:24:13 -0500 Subject: ima: don't measure/appraise files on efivarfs Update the builtin IMA policies specified on the boot command line (eg. ima_policy="tcb|appraise_tcb") to permit accessing efivar files. Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar --- security/integrity/ima/ima_policy.c | 4 +++- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) (limited to 'security/integrity/ima') diff --git a/security/integrity/ima/ima_policy.c b/security/integrity/ima/ima_policy.c index b20770704b6c..d17a23b5c91d 100644 --- a/security/integrity/ima/ima_policy.c +++ b/security/integrity/ima/ima_policy.c @@ -107,7 +107,8 @@ static struct ima_rule_entry dont_measure_rules[] __ro_after_init = { .flags = IMA_FSMAGIC}, {.action = DONT_MEASURE, .fsmagic = CGROUP2_SUPER_MAGIC, .flags = IMA_FSMAGIC}, - {.action = DONT_MEASURE, .fsmagic = NSFS_MAGIC, .flags = IMA_FSMAGIC} + {.action = DONT_MEASURE, .fsmagic = NSFS_MAGIC, .flags = IMA_FSMAGIC}, + {.action = DONT_MEASURE, .fsmagic = EFIVARFS_MAGIC, .flags = IMA_FSMAGIC} }; static struct ima_rule_entry original_measurement_rules[] __ro_after_init = { @@ -150,6 +151,7 @@ static struct ima_rule_entry default_appraise_rules[] __ro_after_init = { {.action = DONT_APPRAISE, .fsmagic = SELINUX_MAGIC, .flags = IMA_FSMAGIC}, {.action = DONT_APPRAISE, .fsmagic = SMACK_MAGIC, .flags = IMA_FSMAGIC}, {.action = DONT_APPRAISE, .fsmagic = NSFS_MAGIC, .flags = IMA_FSMAGIC}, + {.action = DONT_APPRAISE, .fsmagic = EFIVARFS_MAGIC, .flags = IMA_FSMAGIC}, {.action = DONT_APPRAISE, .fsmagic = CGROUP_SUPER_MAGIC, .flags = IMA_FSMAGIC}, {.action = DONT_APPRAISE, .fsmagic = CGROUP2_SUPER_MAGIC, .flags = IMA_FSMAGIC}, #ifdef CONFIG_IMA_WRITE_POLICY -- cgit v1.2.3 From d7cecb676dd364b28a5a8f5e4a30ce2e9cfdfcc3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Nayna Jain Date: Sun, 9 Dec 2018 01:57:05 +0530 Subject: ima: Support platform keyring for kernel appraisal On secure boot enabled systems, the bootloader verifies the kernel image and possibly the initramfs signatures based on a set of keys. A soft reboot(kexec) of the system, with the same kernel image and initramfs, requires access to the original keys to verify the signatures. This patch allows IMA-appraisal access to those original keys, now loaded on the platform keyring, needed for verifying the kernel image and initramfs signatures. [zohar@linux.ibm.com: only use platform keyring if it's enabled (Thiago)] Signed-off-by: Nayna Jain Reviewed-by: Mimi Zohar Acked-by: Serge Hallyn Reviewed-by: James Morris Reviewed-by: Thiago Jung Bauermann Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar --- security/integrity/ima/ima_appraise.c | 14 ++++++++++++-- 1 file changed, 12 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) (limited to 'security/integrity/ima') diff --git a/security/integrity/ima/ima_appraise.c b/security/integrity/ima/ima_appraise.c index deec1804a00a..f6ac405daabb 100644 --- a/security/integrity/ima/ima_appraise.c +++ b/security/integrity/ima/ima_appraise.c @@ -289,12 +289,22 @@ int ima_appraise_measurement(enum ima_hooks func, case EVM_IMA_XATTR_DIGSIG: set_bit(IMA_DIGSIG, &iint->atomic_flags); rc = integrity_digsig_verify(INTEGRITY_KEYRING_IMA, - (const char *)xattr_value, rc, + (const char *)xattr_value, + xattr_len, iint->ima_hash->digest, iint->ima_hash->length); if (rc == -EOPNOTSUPP) { status = INTEGRITY_UNKNOWN; - } else if (rc) { + break; + } + if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_INTEGRITY_PLATFORM_KEYRING) && rc && + func == KEXEC_KERNEL_CHECK) + rc = integrity_digsig_verify(INTEGRITY_KEYRING_PLATFORM, + (const char *)xattr_value, + xattr_len, + iint->ima_hash->digest, + iint->ima_hash->length); + if (rc) { cause = "invalid-signature"; status = INTEGRITY_FAIL; } else { -- cgit v1.2.3 From eed9de3b4f47114f440980203ca27c5fab70f529 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Nikolay Borisov Date: Tue, 11 Dec 2018 10:31:40 +0200 Subject: ima: Use inode_is_open_for_write Use the aptly named function rather than open coding the check. No functional changes. Signed-off-by: Nikolay Borisov Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar --- security/integrity/ima/ima_main.c | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) (limited to 'security/integrity/ima') diff --git a/security/integrity/ima/ima_main.c b/security/integrity/ima/ima_main.c index df0b2ee49fa2..bd9bd5f88206 100644 --- a/security/integrity/ima/ima_main.c +++ b/security/integrity/ima/ima_main.c @@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ static void ima_rdwr_violation_check(struct file *file, } else { if (must_measure) set_bit(IMA_MUST_MEASURE, &iint->atomic_flags); - if ((atomic_read(&inode->i_writecount) > 0) && must_measure) + if (inode_is_open_for_write(inode) && must_measure) send_writers = true; } -- cgit v1.2.3