/* * (C) 1997 Linus Torvalds * (C) 1999 Andrea Arcangeli <andrea@suse.de> (dynamic inode allocation) */ #include <linux/fs.h> #include <linux/mm.h> #include <linux/dcache.h> #include <linux/init.h> #include <linux/slab.h> #include <linux/writeback.h> #include <linux/module.h> #include <linux/backing-dev.h> #include <linux/wait.h> #include <linux/rwsem.h> #include <linux/hash.h> #include <linux/swap.h> #include <linux/security.h> #include <linux/pagemap.h> #include <linux/cdev.h> #include <linux/bootmem.h> #include <linux/fsnotify.h> #include <linux/mount.h> #include <linux/async.h> #include <linux/posix_acl.h> #include <linux/prefetch.h> #include <linux/ima.h> #include <linux/cred.h> #include <linux/buffer_head.h> /* for inode_has_buffers */ #include "internal.h" /* * Inode locking rules: * * inode->i_lock protects: * inode->i_state, inode->i_hash, __iget() * inode_lru_lock protects: * inode_lru, inode->i_lru * inode_sb_list_lock protects: * sb->s_inodes, inode->i_sb_list * inode_wb_list_lock protects: * bdi->wb.b_{dirty,io,more_io}, inode->i_wb_list * inode_hash_lock protects: * inode_hashtable, inode->i_hash * * Lock ordering: * * inode_sb_list_lock * inode->i_lock * inode_lru_lock * * inode_wb_list_lock * inode->i_lock * * inode_hash_lock * inode_sb_list_lock * inode->i_lock * * iunique_lock * inode_hash_lock */ static unsigned int i_hash_mask __read_mostly; static unsigned int i_hash_shift __read_mostly; static struct hlist_head *inode_hashtable __read_mostly; static __cacheline_aligned_in_smp DEFINE_SPINLOCK(inode_hash_lock); static LIST_HEAD(inode_lru); static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(inode_lru_lock); __cacheline_aligned_in_smp DEFINE_SPINLOCK(inode_sb_list_lock); __cacheline_aligned_in_smp DEFINE_SPINLOCK(inode_wb_list_lock); /* * iprune_sem provides exclusion between the icache shrinking and the * umount path. * * We don't actually need it to protect anything in the umount path, * but only need to cycle through it to make sure any inode that * prune_icache took off the LRU list has been fully torn down by the * time we are past evict_inodes. */ static DECLARE_RWSEM(iprune_sem); /* * Empty aops. Can be used for the cases where the user does not * define any of the address_space operations. */ const struct address_space_operations empty_aops = { }; EXPORT_SYMBOL(empty_aops); /* * Statistics gathering.. */ struct inodes_stat_t inodes_stat; static DEFINE_PER_CPU(unsigned int, nr_inodes); static struct kmem_cache *inode_cachep __read_mostly; static int get_nr_inodes(void) { int i; int sum = 0; for_each_possible_cpu(i) sum += per_cpu(nr_inodes, i); return sum < 0 ? 0 : sum; } static inline int get_nr_inodes_unused(void) { return inodes_stat.nr_unused; } int get_nr_dirty_inodes(void) { /* not actually dirty inodes, but a wild approximation */ int nr_dirty = get_nr_inodes() - get_nr_inodes_unused(); return nr_dirty > 0 ? nr_dirty : 0; } /* * Handle nr_inode sysctl */ #ifdef CONFIG_SYSCTL int proc_nr_inodes(ctl_table *table, int write, void __user *buffer, size_t *lenp, loff_t *ppos) { inodes_stat.nr_inodes = get_nr_inodes(); return proc_dointvec(table, write, buffer, lenp, ppos); } #endif /** * inode_init_always - perform inode structure intialisation * @sb: superblock inode belongs to * @inode: inode to initialise * * These are initializations that need to be done on every inode * allocation as the fields are not initialised by slab allocation. */ int inode_init_always(struct super_block *sb, struct inode *inode) { static const struct inode_operations empty_iops; static const struct file_operations empty_fops; struct address_space *const mapping = &inode->i_data; inode->i_sb = sb; inode->i_blkbits = sb->s_blocksize_bits; inode->i_flags = 0; atomic_set(&inode->i_count, 1); inode->i_op = &empty_iops; inode->i_fop = &empty_fops; inode->i_nlink = 1; inode->i_uid = 0; inode->i_gid = 0; atomic_set(&inode->i_writecount, 0); inode->i_size = 0; inode->i_blocks = 0; inode->i_bytes = 0; inode->i_generation = 0; #ifdef CONFIG_QUOTA memset(&inode->i_dquot, 0, sizeof(inode->i_dquot)); #endif inode->i_pipe = NULL; inode->i_bdev = NULL; inode->i_cdev = NULL; inode->i_rdev = 0; inode->dirtied_when = 0; if (security_inode_alloc(inode)) goto out; spin_lock_init(&inode->i_lock); lockdep_set_class(&inode->i_lock, &sb->s_type->i_lock_key); mutex_init(&inode->i_mutex); lockdep_set_class(&inode->i_mutex, &sb->s_type->i_mutex_key); init_rwsem(&inode->i_alloc_sem); lockdep_set_class(&inode->i_alloc_sem, &sb->s_type->i_alloc_sem_key); mapping->a_ops = &empty_aops; mapping->host = inode; mapping->flags = 0; mapping_set_gfp_mask(mapping, GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE); mapping->assoc_mapping = NULL; mapping->backing_dev_info = &default_backing_dev_info; mapping->writeback_index = 0; /* * If the block_device provides a backing_dev_info for client * inodes then use that. Otherwise the inode share the bdev's * backing_dev_info. */ if (sb->s_bdev) { struct backing_dev_info *bdi; bdi = sb->s_bdev->bd_inode->i_mapping->backing_dev_info; mapping->backing_dev_info = bdi; } inode->i_private = NULL; inode->i_mapping = mapping; #ifdef CONFIG_FS_POSIX_ACL inode->i_acl = inode->i_default_acl = ACL_NOT_CACHED; #endif #ifdef CONFIG_FSNOTIFY inode->i_fsnotify_mask = 0; #endif this_cpu_inc(nr_inodes); return 0; out: return -ENOMEM; } EXPORT_SYMBOL(inode_init_always); static struct inode *alloc_inode(struct super_block *sb) { struct inode *inode; if (sb->s_op->alloc_inode) inode = sb->s_op->alloc_inode(sb); else inode = kmem_cache_alloc(inode_cachep, GFP_KERNEL); if (!inode) return NULL; if (unlikely(inode_init_always(sb, inode))) { if (inode->i_sb->s_op->destroy_inode) inode->i_sb->s_op->destroy_inode(inode); else kmem_cache_free(inode_cachep, inode); return NULL; } return inode; } void free_inode_nonrcu(struct inode *inode) { kmem_cache_free(inode_cachep, inode); } EXPORT_SYMBOL(free_inode_nonrcu); void __destroy_inode(struct inode *inode) { BUG_ON(inode_has_buffers(inode)); security_inode_free(inode); fsnotify_inode_delete(inode); #ifdef CONFIG_FS_POSIX_ACL if (inode->i_acl && inode->i_acl != ACL_NOT_CACHED) posix_acl_release(inode->i_acl); if (inode->i_default_acl && inode->i_default_acl != ACL_NOT_CACHED) posix_acl_release(inode->i_default_acl); #endif this_cpu_dec(nr_inodes); } EXPORT_SYMBOL(__destroy_inode); static void i_callback(struct rcu_head *head) { struct inode *inode = container_of(head, struct inode, i_rcu); INIT_LIST_HEAD(&inode->i_dentry); kmem_cache_free(inode_cachep, inode); } static void destroy_inode(struct inode *inode) { BUG_ON(!list_empty(&inode->i_lru)); __destroy_inode(inode); if (inode->i_sb->s_op->destroy_inode) inode->i_sb->s_op->destroy_inode(inode); else call_rcu(&inode->i_rcu, i_callback); } void address_space_init_once(struct address_space *mapping) { memset(mapping, 0, sizeof(*mapping)); INIT_RADIX_TREE(&mapping->page_tree, GFP_ATOMIC); spin_lock_init(&mapping->tree_lock); mutex_init(&mapping->i_mmap_mutex); INIT_LIST_HEAD(&mapping->private_list); spin_lock_init(&mapping->private_lock); INIT_RAW_PRIO_TREE_ROOT(&mapping->i_mmap); INIT_LIST_HEAD(&mapping->i_mmap_nonlinear); } EXPORT_SYMBOL(address_space_init_once); /* * These are initializations that only need to be done * once, because the fields are idempotent across use * of the inode, so let the slab aware of that. */ void inode_init_once(struct inode *inode) { memset(inode, 0, sizeof(*inode)); INIT_HLIST_NODE(&inode->i_hash); INIT_LIST_HEAD(&inode->i_dentry); INIT_LIST_HEAD(&inode->i_devices); INIT_LIST_HEAD(&inode->i_wb_list); INIT_LIST_HEAD(&inode->i_lru); address_space_init_once(&inode->i_data); i_size_ordered_init(inode); #ifdef CONFIG_FSNOTIFY INIT_HLIST_HEAD(&inode->i_fsnotify_marks); #endif } EXPORT_SYMBOL(inode_init_once); static void init_once(void *foo) { struct inode *inode = (struct inode *) foo; inode_init_once(inode); } /* * inode->i_lock must be held */ void __iget(struct inode *inode) { atomic_inc(&inode->i_count); } /* * get additional reference to inode; caller must already hold one. */ void ihold(struct inode *inode) { WARN_ON(atomic_inc_return(&inode->i_count) < 2); } EXPORT_SYMBOL(ihold); static void inode_lru_list_add(struct inode *inode) { spin_lock(&inode_lru_lock); if (list_empty(&inode->i_lru)) { list_add(&inode->i_lru, &inode_lru); inodes_stat.nr_unused++; } spin_unlock(&inode_lru_lock); } static void inode_lru_list_del(struct inode *inode) { spin_lock(&inode_lru_lock); if (!list_empty(&inode->i_lru)) { list_del_init(&inode->i_lru); inodes_stat.nr_unused--; } spin_unlock(&inode_lru_lock); } /** * inode_sb_list_add - add inode to the superblock list of inodes * @inode: inode to add */ void inode_sb_list_add(struct inode *inode) { spin_lock(&inode_sb_list_lock); list_add(&inode->i_sb_list, &inode->i_sb->s_inodes); spin_unlock(&inode_sb_list_lock); } EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(inode_sb_list_add); static inline void inode_sb_list_del(struct inode *inode) { spin_lock(&inode_sb_list_lock); list_del_init(&inode->i_sb_list); spin_unlock(&inode_sb_list_lock); } static unsigned long hash(struct super_block *sb, unsigned long hashval) { unsigned long tmp; tmp = (hashval * (unsigned long)sb) ^ (GOLDEN_RATIO_PRIME + hashval) / L1_CACHE_BYTES; tmp = tmp ^ ((tmp ^ GOLDEN_RATIO_PRIME) >> i_hash_shift); return tmp & i_hash_mask; } /** * __insert_inode_hash - hash an inode * @inode: unhashed inode * @hashval: unsigned long value used to locate this object in the * inode_hashtable. * * Add an inode to the inode hash for this superblock. */ void __insert_inode_hash(struct inode *inode, unsigned long hashval) { struct hlist_head *b = inode_hashtable + hash(inode->i_sb, hashval); spin_lock(&inode_hash_lock); spin_lock(&inode->i_lock); hlist_add_head(&inode->i_hash, b); spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock); spin_unlock(&inode_hash_lock); } EXPORT_SYMBOL(__insert_inode_hash); /** * remove_inode_hash - remove an inode from the hash * @inode: inode to unhash * * Remove an inode from the superblock. */ void remove_inode_hash(struct inode *inode) { spin_lock(&inode_hash_lock); spin_lock(&inode->i_lock); hlist_del_init(&inode->i_hash); spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock); spin_unlock(&inode_hash_lock); } EXPORT_SYMBOL(remove_inode_hash); void end_writeback(struct inode *inode) { might_sleep(); BUG_ON(inode->i_data.nrpages); BUG_ON(!list_empty(&inode->i_data.private_list)); BUG_ON(!(inode->i_state & I_FREEING)); BUG_ON(inode->i_state & I_CLEAR); inode_sync_wait(inode); /* don't need i_lock here, no concurrent mods to i_state */ inode->i_state = I_FREEING | I_CLEAR; } EXPORT_SYMBOL(end_writeback); /* * Free the inode passed in, removing it from the lists it is still connected * to. We remove any pages still attached to the inode and wait for any IO that * is still in progress before finally destroying the inode. * * An inode must already be marked I_FREEING so that we avoid the inode being * moved back onto lists if we race with other code that manipulates the lists * (e.g. writeback_single_inode). The caller is responsible for setting this. * * An inode must already be removed from the LRU list before being evicted from * the cache. This should occur atomically with setting the I_FREEING state * flag, so no inodes here should ever be on the LRU when being evicted. */ static void evict(struct inode *inode) { const struct super_operations *op = inode->i_sb->s_op; BUG_ON(!(inode->i_state & I_FREEING)); BUG_ON(!list_empty(&inode->i_lru)); inode_wb_list_del(inode); inode_sb_list_del(inode); if (op->evict_inode) { op->evict_inode(inode); } else { if (inode->i_data.nrpages) truncate_inode_pages(&inode->i_data, 0); end_writeback(inode); } if (S_ISBLK(inode->i_mode) && inode->i_bdev) bd_forget(inode); if (S_ISCHR(inode->i_mode) && inode->i_cdev) cd_forget(inode); remove_inode_hash(inode); spin_lock(&inode->i_lock); wake_up_bit(&inode->i_state, __I_NEW); BUG_ON(inode->i_state != (I_FREEING | I_CLEAR)); spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock); destroy_inode(inode); } /* * dispose_list - dispose of the contents of a local list * @head: the head of the list to free * * Dispose-list gets a local list with local inodes in it, so it doesn't * need to worry about list corruption and SMP locks. */ static void dispose_list(struct list_head *head) { while (!list_empty(head)) { struct inode *inode; inode = list_first_entry(head, struct inode, i_lru); list_del_init(&inode->i_lru); evict(inode); } } /** * evict_inodes - evict all evictable inodes for a superblock * @sb: superblock to operate on * * Make sure that no inodes with zero refcount are retained. This is * called by superblock shutdown after having MS_ACTIVE flag removed, * so any inode reaching zero refcount during or after that call will * be immediately evicted. */ void evict_inodes(struct super_block *sb) { struct inode *inode, *next; LIST_HEAD(dispose); spin_lock(&inode_sb_list_lock); list_for_each_entry_safe(inode, next, &sb->s_inodes, i_sb_list) { if (atomic_read(&inode->i_count)) continue; spin_lock(&inode->i_lock); if (inode->i_state & (I_NEW | I_FREEING | I_WILL_FREE)) { spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock); continue; } inode->i_state |= I_FREEING; inode_lru_list_del(inode); spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock); list_add(&inode->i_lru, &dispose); } spin_unlock(&inode_sb_list_lock); dispose_list(&dispose); /* * Cycle through iprune_sem to make sure any inode that prune_icache * moved off the list before we took the lock has been fully torn * down. */ down_write(&iprune_sem); up_write(&iprune_sem); } /** * invalidate_inodes - attempt to free all inodes on a superblock * @sb: superblock to operate on * @kill_dirty: flag to guide handling of dirty inodes * * Attempts to free all inodes for a given superblock. If there were any * busy inodes return a non-zero value, else zero. * If @kill_dirty is set, discard dirty inodes too, otherwise treat * them as busy. */ int invalidate_inodes(struct super_block *sb, bool kill_dirty) { int busy = 0; struct inode *inode, *next; LIST_HEAD(dispose); spin_lock(&inode_sb_list_lock); list_for_each_entry_safe(inode, next, &sb->s_inodes, i_sb_list) { spin_lock(&inode->i_lock); if (inode->i_state & (I_NEW | I_FREEING | I_WILL_FREE)) { spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock); continue; } if (inode->i_state & I_DIRTY && !kill_dirty) { spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock); busy = 1; continue; } if (atomic_read(&inode->i_count)) { spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock); busy = 1; continue; } inode->i_state |= I_FREEING; inode_lru_list_del(inode); spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock); list_add(&inode->i_lru, &dispose); } spin_unlock(&inode_sb_list_lock); dispose_list(&dispose); return busy; } static int can_unuse(struct inode *inode) { if (inode->i_state & ~I_REFERENCED) return 0; if (inode_has_buffers(inode)) return 0; if (atomic_read(&inode->i_count)) return 0; if (inode->i_data.nrpages) return 0; return 1; } /* * Scan `goal' inodes on the unused list for freeable ones. They are moved to a * temporary list and then are freed outside inode_lru_lock by dispose_list(). * * Any inodes which are pinned purely because of attached pagecache have their * pagecache removed. If the inode has metadata buffers attached to * mapping->private_list then try to remove them. * * If the inode has the I_REFERENCED flag set, then it means that it has been * used recently - the flag is set in iput_final(). When we encounter such an * inode, clear the flag and move it to the back of the LRU so it gets another * pass through the LRU before it gets reclaimed. This is necessary because of * the fact we are doing lazy LRU updates to minimise lock contention so the * LRU does not have strict ordering. Hence we don't want to reclaim inodes * with this flag set because they are the inodes that are out of order. */ static void prune_icache(int nr_to_scan) { LIST_HEAD(freeable); int nr_scanned; unsigned long reap = 0; down_read(&iprune_sem); spin_lock(&inode_lru_lock); for (nr_scanned = 0; nr_scanned < nr_to_scan; nr_scanned++) { struct inode *inode; if (list_empty(&inode_lru)) break; inode = list_entry(inode_lru.prev, struct inode, i_lru); /* * we are inverting the inode_lru_lock/inode->i_lock here, * so use a trylock. If we fail to get the lock, just move the * inode to the back of the list so we don't spin on it. */ if (!spin_trylock(&inode->i_lock)) { list_move(&inode->i_lru, &inode_lru); continue; } /* * Referenced or dirty inodes are still in use. Give them * another pass through the LRU as we canot reclaim them now. */ if (atomic_read(&inode->i_count) || (inode->i_state & ~I_REFERENCED)) { list_del_init(&inode->i_lru); spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock); inodes_stat.nr_unused--; continue; } /* recently referenced inodes get one more pass */ if (inode->i_state & I_REFERENCED) { inode->i_state &= ~I_REFERENCED; list_move(&inode->i_lru, &inode_lru); spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock); continue; } if (inode_has_buffers(inode) || inode->i_data.nrpages) { __iget(inode); spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock); spin_unlock(&inode_lru_lock); if (remove_inode_buffers(inode)) reap += invalidate_mapping_pages(&inode->i_data, 0, -1); iput(inode); spin_lock(&inode_lru_lock); if (inode != list_entry(inode_lru.next, struct inode, i_lru)) continue; /* wrong inode or list_empty */ /* avoid lock inversions with trylock */ if (!spin_trylock(&inode->i_lock)) continue; if (!can_unuse(inode)) { spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock); continue; } } WARN_ON(inode->i_state & I_NEW); inode->i_state |= I_FREEING; spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock); list_move(&inode->i_lru, &freeable); inodes_stat.nr_unused--; } if (current_is_kswapd()) __count_vm_events(KSWAPD_INODESTEAL, reap); else __count_vm_events(PGINODESTEAL, reap); spin_unlock(&inode_lru_lock); dispose_list(&freeable); up_read(&iprune_sem); } /* * shrink_icache_memory() will attempt to reclaim some unused inodes. Here, * "unused" means that no dentries are referring to the inodes: the files are * not open and the dcache references to those inodes have already been * reclaimed. * * This function is passed the number of inodes to scan, and it returns the * total number of remaining possibly-reclaimable inodes. */ static int shrink_icache_memory(struct shrinker *shrink, struct shrink_control *sc) { int nr = sc->nr_to_scan; gfp_t gfp_mask = sc->gfp_mask; if (nr) { /* * Nasty deadlock avoidance. We may hold various FS locks, * and we don't want to recurse into the FS that called us * in clear_inode() and friends.. */ if (!(gfp_mask & __GFP_FS)) return -1; prune_icache(nr); } return (get_nr_inodes_unused() / 100) * sysctl_vfs_cache_pressure; } static struct shrinker icache_shrinker = { .shrink = shrink_icache_memory, .seeks = DEFAULT_SEEKS, }; static void __wait_on_freeing_inode(struct inode *inode); /* * Called with the inode lock held. */ static struct inode *find_inode(struct super_block *sb, struct hlist_head *head, int (*test)(struct inode *, void *), void *data) { struct hlist_node *node; struct inode *inode = NULL; repeat: hlist_for_each_entry(inode, node, head, i_hash) { spin_lock(&inode->i_lock); if (inode->i_sb != sb) { spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock); continue; } if (!test(inode, data)) { spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock); continue; } if (inode->i_state & (I_FREEING|I_WILL_FREE)) { __wait_on_freeing_inode(inode); goto repeat; } __iget(inode); spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock); return inode; } return NULL; } /* * find_inode_fast is the fast path version of find_inode, see the comment at * iget_locked for details. */ static struct inode *find_inode_fast(struct super_block *sb, struct hlist_head *head, unsigned long ino) { struct hlist_node *node; struct inode *inode = NULL; repeat: hlist_for_each_entry(inode, node, head, i_hash) { spin_lock(&inode->i_lock); if (inode->i_ino != ino) { spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock); continue; } if (inode->i_sb != sb) { spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock); continue; } if (inode->i_state & (I_FREEING|I_WILL_FREE)) { __wait_on_freeing_inode(inode); goto repeat; } __iget(inode); spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock); return inode; } return NULL; } /* * Each cpu owns a range of LAST_INO_BATCH numbers. * 'shared_last_ino' is dirtied only once out of LAST_INO_BATCH allocations, * to renew the exhausted range. * * This does not significantly increase overflow rate because every CPU can * consume at most LAST_INO_BATCH-1 unused inode numbers. So there is * NR_CPUS*(LAST_INO_BATCH-1) wastage. At 4096 and 1024, this is ~0.1% of the * 2^32 range, and is a worst-case. Even a 50% wastage would only increase * overflow rate by 2x, which does not seem too significant. * * On a 32bit, non LFS stat() call, glibc will generate an EOVERFLOW * error if st_ino won't fit in target struct field. Use 32bit counter * here to attempt to avoid that. */ #define LAST_INO_BATCH 1024 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(unsigned int, last_ino); unsigned int get_next_ino(void) { unsigned int *p = &get_cpu_var(last_ino); unsigned int res = *p; #ifdef CONFIG_SMP if (unlikely((res & (LAST_INO_BATCH-1)) == 0)) { static atomic_t shared_last_ino; int next = atomic_add_return(LAST_INO_BATCH, &shared_last_ino); res = next - LAST_INO_BATCH; } #endif *p = ++res; put_cpu_var(last_ino); return res; } EXPORT_SYMBOL(get_next_ino); /** * new_inode - obtain an inode * @sb: superblock * * Allocates a new inode for given superblock. The default gfp_mask * for allocations related to inode->i_mapping is GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE. * If HIGHMEM pages are unsuitable or it is known that pages allocated * for the page cache are not reclaimable or migratable, * mapping_set_gfp_mask() must be called with suitable flags on the * newly created inode's mapping * */ struct inode *new_inode(struct super_block *sb) { struct inode *inode; spin_lock_prefetch(&inode_sb_list_lock); inode = alloc_inode(sb); if (inode) { spin_lock(&inode->i_lock); inode->i_state = 0; spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock); inode_sb_list_add(inode); } return inode; } EXPORT_SYMBOL(new_inode); /** * unlock_new_inode - clear the I_NEW state and wake up any waiters * @inode: new inode to unlock * * Called when the inode is fully initialised to clear the new state of the * inode and wake up anyone waiting for the inode to finish initialisation. */ void unlock_new_inode(struct inode *inode) { #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC if (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode)) { struct file_system_type *type = inode->i_sb->s_type; /* Set new key only if filesystem hasn't already changed it */ if (!lockdep_match_class(&inode->i_mutex, &type->i_mutex_key)) { /* * ensure nobody is actually holding i_mutex */ mutex_destroy(&inode->i_mutex); mutex_init(&inode->i_mutex); lockdep_set_class(&inode->i_mutex, &type->i_mutex_dir_key); } } #endif spin_lock(&inode->i_lock); WARN_ON(!(inode->i_state & I_NEW)); inode->i_state &= ~I_NEW; wake_up_bit(&inode->i_state, __I_NEW); spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock); } EXPORT_SYMBOL(unlock_new_inode); /** * iget5_locked - obtain an inode from a mounted file system * @sb: super block of file system * @hashval: hash value (usually inode number) to get * @test: callback used for comparisons between inodes * @set: callback used to initialize a new struct inode * @data: opaque data pointer to pass to @test and @set * * Search for the inode specified by @hashval and @data in the inode cache, * and if present it is return it with an increased reference count. This is * a generalized version of iget_locked() for file systems where the inode * number is not sufficient for unique identification of an inode. * * If the inode is not in cache, allocate a new inode and return it locked, * hashed, and with the I_NEW flag set. The file system gets to fill it in * before unlocking it via unlock_new_inode(). * * Note both @test and @set are called with the inode_hash_lock held, so can't * sleep. */ struct inode *iget5_locked(struct super_block *sb, unsigned long hashval, int (*test)(struct inode *, void *), int (*set)(struct inode *, void *), void *data) { struct hlist_head *head = inode_hashtable + hash(sb, hashval); struct inode *inode; spin_lock(&inode_hash_lock); inode = find_inode(sb, head, test, data); spin_unlock(&inode_hash_lock); if (inode) { wait_on_inode(inode); return inode; } inode = alloc_inode(sb); if (inode) { struct inode *old; spin_lock(&inode_hash_lock); /* We released the lock, so.. */ old = find_inode(sb, head, test, data); if (!old) { if (set(inode, data)) goto set_failed; spin_lock(&inode->i_lock); inode->i_state = I_NEW; hlist_add_head(&inode->i_hash, head); spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock); inode_sb_list_add(inode); spin_unlock(&inode_hash_lock); /* Return the locked inode with I_NEW set, the * caller is responsible for filling in the contents */ return inode; } /* * Uhhuh, somebody else created the same inode under * us. Use the old inode instead of the one we just * allocated. */ spin_unlock(&inode_hash_lock); destroy_inode(inode); inode = old; wait_on_inode(inode); } return inode; set_failed: spin_unlock(&inode_hash_lock); destroy_inode(inode); return NULL; } EXPORT_SYMBOL(iget5_locked); /** * iget_locked - obtain an inode from a mounted file system * @sb: super block of file system * @ino: inode number to get * * Search for the inode specified by @ino in the inode cache and if present * return it with an increased reference count. This is for file systems * where the inode number is sufficient for unique identification of an inode. * * If the inode is not in cache, allocate a new inode and return it locked, * hashed, and with the I_NEW flag set. The file system gets to fill it in * before unlocking it via unlock_new_inode(). */ struct inode *iget_locked(struct super_block *sb, unsigned long ino) { struct hlist_head *head = inode_hashtable + hash(sb, ino); struct inode *inode; spin_lock(&inode_hash_lock); inode = find_inode_fast(sb, head, ino); spin_unlock(&inode_hash_lock); if (inode) { wait_on_inode(inode); return inode; } inode = alloc_inode(sb); if (inode) { struct inode *old; spin_lock(&inode_hash_lock); /* We released the lock, so.. */ old = find_inode_fast(sb, head, ino); if (!old) { inode->i_ino = ino; spin_lock(&inode->i_lock); inode->i_state = I_NEW; hlist_add_head(&inode->i_hash, head); spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock); inode_sb_list_add(inode); spin_unlock(&inode_hash_lock); /* Return the locked inode with I_NEW set, the * caller is responsible for filling in the contents */ return inode; } /* * Uhhuh, somebody else created the same inode under * us. Use the old inode instead of the one we just * allocated. */ spin_unlock(&inode_hash_lock); destroy_inode(inode); inode = old; wait_on_inode(inode); } return inode; } EXPORT_SYMBOL(iget_locked); /* * search the inode cache for a matching inode number. * If we find one, then the inode number we are trying to * allocate is not unique and so we should not use it. * * Returns 1 if the inode number is unique, 0 if it is not. */ static int test_inode_iunique(struct super_block *sb, unsigned long ino) { struct hlist_head *b = inode_hashtable + hash(sb, ino); struct hlist_node *node; struct inode *inode; spin_lock(&inode_hash_lock); hlist_for_each_entry(inode, node, b, i_hash) { if (inode->i_ino == ino && inode->i_sb == sb) { spin_unlock(&inode_hash_lock); return 0; } } spin_unlock(&inode_hash_lock); return 1; } /** * iunique - get a unique inode number * @sb: superblock * @max_reserved: highest reserved inode number * * Obtain an inode number that is unique on the system for a given * superblock. This is used by file systems that have no natural * permanent inode numbering system. An inode number is returned that * is higher than the reserved limit but unique. * * BUGS: * With a large number of inodes live on the file system this function * currently becomes quite slow. */ ino_t iunique(struct super_block *sb, ino_t max_reserved) { /* * On a 32bit, non LFS stat() call, glibc will generate an EOVERFLOW * error if st_ino won't fit in target struct field. Use 32bit counter * here to attempt to avoid that. */ static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(iunique_lock); static unsigned int counter; ino_t res; spin_lock(&iunique_lock); do { if (counter <= max_reserved) counter = max_reserved + 1; res = counter++; } while (!test_inode_iunique(sb, res)); spin_unlock(&iunique_lock); return res; } EXPORT_SYMBOL(iunique); struct inode *igrab(struct inode *inode) { spin_lock(&inode->i_lock); if (!(inode->i_state & (I_FREEING|I_WILL_FREE))) { __iget(inode); spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock); } else { spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock); /* * Handle the case where s_op->clear_inode is not been * called yet, and somebody is calling igrab * while the inode is getting freed. */ inode = NULL; } return inode; } EXPORT_SYMBOL(igrab); /** * ilookup5_nowait - search for an inode in the inode cache * @sb: super block of file system to search * @hashval: hash value (usually inode number) to search for * @test: callback used for comparisons between inodes * @data: opaque data pointer to pass to @test * * Search for the inode specified by @hashval and @data in the inode cache. * If the inode is in the cache, the inode is returned with an incremented * reference count. * * Note: I_NEW is not waited upon so you have to be very careful what you do * with the returned inode. You probably should be using ilookup5() instead. * * Note2: @test is called with the inode_hash_lock held, so can't sleep. */ struct inode *ilookup5_nowait(struct super_block *sb, unsigned long hashval, int (*test)(struct inode *, void *), void *data) { struct hlist_head *head = inode_hashtable + hash(sb, hashval); struct inode *inode; spin_lock(&inode_hash_lock); inode = find_inode(sb, head, test, data); spin_unlock(&inode_hash_lock); return inode; } EXPORT_SYMBOL(ilookup5_nowait); /** * ilookup5 - search for an inode in the inode cache * @sb: super block of file system to search * @hashval: hash value (usually inode number) to search for * @test: callback used for comparisons between inodes * @data: opaque data pointer to pass to @test * * Search for the inode specified by @hashval and @data in the inode cache, * and if the inode is in the cache, return the inode with an incremented * reference count. Waits on I_NEW before returning the inode. * returned with an incremented reference count. * * This is a generalized version of ilookup() for file systems where the * inode number is not sufficient for unique identification of an inode. * * Note: @test is called with the inode_hash_lock held, so can't sleep. */ struct inode *ilookup5(struct super_block *sb, unsigned long hashval, int (*test)(struct inode *, void *), void *data) { struct inode *inode = ilookup5_nowait(sb, hashval, test, data); if (inode) wait_on_inode(inode); return inode; } EXPORT_SYMBOL(ilookup5); /** * ilookup - search for an inode in the inode cache * @sb: super block of file system to search * @ino: inode number to search for * * Search for the inode @ino in the inode cache, and if the inode is in the * cache, the inode is returned with an incremented reference count. */ struct inode *ilookup(struct super_block *sb, unsigned long ino) { struct hlist_head *head = inode_hashtable + hash(sb, ino); struct inode *inode; spin_lock(&inode_hash_lock); inode = find_inode_fast(sb, head, ino); spin_unlock(&inode_hash_lock); if (inode) wait_on_inode(inode); return inode; } EXPORT_SYMBOL(ilookup); int insert_inode_locked(struct inode *inode) { struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb; ino_t ino = inode->i_ino; struct hlist_head *head = inode_hashtable + hash(sb, ino); while (1) { struct hlist_node *node; struct inode *old = NULL; spin_lock(&inode_hash_lock); hlist_for_each_entry(old, node, head, i_hash) { if (old->i_ino != ino) continue; if (old->i_sb != sb) continue; spin_lock(&old->i_lock); if (old->i_state & (I_FREEING|I_WILL_FREE)) { spin_unlock(&old->i_lock); continue; } break; } if (likely(!node)) { spin_lock(&inode->i_lock); inode->i_state |= I_NEW; hlist_add_head(&inode->i_hash, head); spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock); spin_unlock(&inode_hash_lock); return 0; } __iget(old); spin_unlock(&old->i_lock); spin_unlock(&inode_hash_lock); wait_on_inode(old); if (unlikely(!inode_unhashed(old))) { iput(old); return -EBUSY; } iput(old); } } EXPORT_SYMBOL(insert_inode_locked); int insert_inode_locked4(struct inode *inode, unsigned long hashval, int (*test)(struct inode *, void *), void *data) { struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb; struct hlist_head *head = inode_hashtable + hash(sb, hashval); while (1) { struct hlist_node *node; struct inode *old = NULL; spin_lock(&inode_hash_lock); hlist_for_each_entry(old, node, head, i_hash) { if (old->i_sb != sb) continue; if (!test(old, data)) continue; spin_lock(&old->i_lock); if (old->i_state & (I_FREEING|I_WILL_FREE)) { spin_unlock(&old->i_lock); continue; } break; } if (likely(!node)) { spin_lock(&inode->i_lock); inode->i_state |= I_NEW; hlist_add_head(&inode->i_hash, head); spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock); spin_unlock(&inode_hash_lock); return 0; } __iget(old); spin_unlock(&old->i_lock); spin_unlock(&inode_hash_lock); wait_on_inode(old); if (unlikely(!inode_unhashed(old))) { iput(old); return -EBUSY; } iput(old); } } EXPORT_SYMBOL(insert_inode_locked4); int generic_delete_inode(struct inode *inode) { return 1; } EXPORT_SYMBOL(generic_delete_inode); /* * Normal UNIX filesystem behaviour: delete the * inode when the usage count drops to zero, and * i_nlink is zero. */ int generic_drop_inode(struct inode *inode) { return !inode->i_nlink || inode_unhashed(inode); } EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(generic_drop_inode); /* * Called when we're dropping the last reference * to an inode. * * Call the FS "drop_inode()" function, defaulting to * the legacy UNIX filesystem behaviour. If it tells * us to evict inode, do so. Otherwise, retain inode * in cache if fs is alive, sync and evict if fs is * shutting down. */ static void iput_final(struct inode *inode) { struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb; const struct super_operations *op = inode->i_sb->s_op; int drop; WARN_ON(inode->i_state & I_NEW); if (op && op->drop_inode) drop = op->drop_inode(inode); else drop = generic_drop_inode(inode); if (!drop && (sb->s_flags & MS_ACTIVE)) { inode->i_state |= I_REFERENCED; if (!(inode->i_state & (I_DIRTY|I_SYNC))) inode_lru_list_add(inode); spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock); return; } if (!drop) { inode->i_state |= I_WILL_FREE; spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock); write_inode_now(inode, 1); spin_lock(&inode->i_lock); WARN_ON(inode->i_state & I_NEW); inode->i_state &= ~I_WILL_FREE; } inode->i_state |= I_FREEING; inode_lru_list_del(inode); spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock); evict(inode); } /** * iput - put an inode * @inode: inode to put * * Puts an inode, dropping its usage count. If the inode use count hits * zero, the inode is then freed and may also be destroyed. * * Consequently, iput() can sleep. */ void iput(struct inode *inode) { if (inode) { BUG_ON(inode->i_state & I_CLEAR); if (atomic_dec_and_lock(&inode->i_count, &inode->i_lock)) iput_final(inode); } } EXPORT_SYMBOL(iput); /** * bmap - find a block number in a file * @inode: inode of file * @block: block to find * * Returns the block number on the device holding the inode that * is the disk block number for the block of the file requested. * That is, asked for block 4 of inode 1 the function will return the * disk block relative to the disk start that holds that block of the * file. */ sector_t bmap(struct inode *inode, sector_t block) { sector_t res = 0; if (inode->i_mapping->a_ops->bmap) res = inode->i_mapping->a_ops->bmap(inode->i_mapping, block); return res; } EXPORT_SYMBOL(bmap); /* * With relative atime, only update atime if the previous atime is * earlier than either the ctime or mtime or if at least a day has * passed since the last atime update. */ static int relatime_need_update(struct vfsmount *mnt, struct inode *inode, struct timespec now) { if (!(mnt->mnt_flags & MNT_RELATIME)) return 1; /* * Is mtime younger than atime? If yes, update atime: */ if (timespec_compare(&inode->i_mtime, &inode->i_atime) >= 0) return 1; /* * Is ctime younger than atime? If yes, update atime: */ if (timespec_compare(&inode->i_ctime, &inode->i_atime) >= 0) return 1; /* * Is the previous atime value older than a day? If yes, * update atime: */ if ((long)(now.tv_sec - inode->i_atime.tv_sec) >= 24*60*60) return 1; /* * Good, we can skip the atime update: */ return 0; } /** * touch_atime - update the access time * @mnt: mount the inode is accessed on * @dentry: dentry accessed * * Update the accessed time on an inode and mark it for writeback. * This function automatically handles read only file systems and media, * as well as the "noatime" flag and inode specific "noatime" markers. */ void touch_atime(struct vfsmount *mnt, struct dentry *dentry) { struct inode *inode = dentry->d_inode; struct timespec now; if (inode->i_flags & S_NOATIME) return; if (IS_NOATIME(inode)) return; if ((inode->i_sb->s_flags & MS_NODIRATIME) && S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode)) return; if (mnt->mnt_flags & MNT_NOATIME) return; if ((mnt->mnt_flags & MNT_NODIRATIME) && S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode)) return; now = current_fs_time(inode->i_sb); if (!relatime_need_update(mnt, inode, now)) return; if (timespec_equal(&inode->i_atime, &now)) return; if (mnt_want_write(mnt)) return; inode->i_atime = now; mark_inode_dirty_sync(inode); mnt_drop_write(mnt); } EXPORT_SYMBOL(touch_atime); /** * file_update_time - update mtime and ctime time * @file: file accessed * * Update the mtime and ctime members of an inode and mark the inode * for writeback. Note that this function is meant exclusively for * usage in the file write path of filesystems, and filesystems may * choose to explicitly ignore update via this function with the * S_NOCMTIME inode flag, e.g. for network filesystem where these * timestamps are handled by the server. */ void file_update_time(struct file *file) { struct inode *inode = file->f_path.dentry->d_inode; struct timespec now; enum { S_MTIME = 1, S_CTIME = 2, S_VERSION = 4 } sync_it = 0; /* First try to exhaust all avenues to not sync */ if (IS_NOCMTIME(inode)) return; now = current_fs_time(inode->i_sb); if (!timespec_equal(&inode->i_mtime, &now)) sync_it = S_MTIME; if (!timespec_equal(&inode->i_ctime, &now)) sync_it |= S_CTIME; if (IS_I_VERSION(inode)) sync_it |= S_VERSION; if (!sync_it) return; /* Finally allowed to write? Takes lock. */ if (mnt_want_write_file(file)) return; /* Only change inode inside the lock region */ if (sync_it & S_VERSION) inode_inc_iversion(inode); if (sync_it & S_CTIME) inode->i_ctime = now; if (sync_it & S_MTIME) inode->i_mtime = now; mark_inode_dirty_sync(inode); mnt_drop_write(file->f_path.mnt); } EXPORT_SYMBOL(file_update_time); int inode_needs_sync(struct inode *inode) { if (IS_SYNC(inode)) return 1; if (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode) && IS_DIRSYNC(inode)) return 1; return 0; } EXPORT_SYMBOL(inode_needs_sync); int inode_wait(void *word) { schedule(); return 0; } EXPORT_SYMBOL(inode_wait); /* * If we try to find an inode in the inode hash while it is being * deleted, we have to wait until the filesystem completes its * deletion before reporting that it isn't found. This function waits * until the deletion _might_ have completed. Callers are responsible * to recheck inode state. * * It doesn't matter if I_NEW is not set initially, a call to * wake_up_bit(&inode->i_state, __I_NEW) after removing from the hash list * will DTRT. */ static void __wait_on_freeing_inode(struct inode *inode) { wait_queue_head_t *wq; DEFINE_WAIT_BIT(wait, &inode->i_state, __I_NEW); wq = bit_waitqueue(&inode->i_state, __I_NEW); prepare_to_wait(wq, &wait.wait, TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE); spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock); spin_unlock(&inode_hash_lock); schedule(); finish_wait(wq, &wait.wait); spin_lock(&inode_hash_lock); } static __initdata unsigned long ihash_entries; static int __init set_ihash_entries(char *str) { if (!str) return 0; ihash_entries = simple_strtoul(str, &str, 0); return 1; } __setup("ihash_entries=", set_ihash_entries); /* * Initialize the waitqueues and inode hash table. */ void __init inode_init_early(void) { int loop; /* If hashes are distributed across NUMA nodes, defer * hash allocation until vmalloc space is available. */ if (hashdist) return; inode_hashtable = alloc_large_system_hash("Inode-cache", sizeof(struct hlist_head), ihash_entries, 14, HASH_EARLY, &i_hash_shift, &i_hash_mask, 0); for (loop = 0; loop < (1 << i_hash_shift); loop++) INIT_HLIST_HEAD(&inode_hashtable[loop]); } void __init inode_init(void) { int loop; /* inode slab cache */ inode_cachep = kmem_cache_create("inode_cache", sizeof(struct inode), 0, (SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT|SLAB_PANIC| SLAB_MEM_SPREAD), init_once); register_shrinker(&icache_shrinker); /* Hash may have been set up in inode_init_early */ if (!hashdist) return; inode_hashtable = alloc_large_system_hash("Inode-cache", sizeof(struct hlist_head), ihash_entries, 14, 0, &i_hash_shift, &i_hash_mask, 0); for (loop = 0; loop < (1 << i_hash_shift); loop++) INIT_HLIST_HEAD(&inode_hashtable[loop]); } void init_special_inode(struct inode *inode, umode_t mode, dev_t rdev) { inode->i_mode = mode; if (S_ISCHR(mode)) { inode->i_fop = &def_chr_fops; inode->i_rdev = rdev; } else if (S_ISBLK(mode)) { inode->i_fop = &def_blk_fops; inode->i_rdev = rdev; } else if (S_ISFIFO(mode)) inode->i_fop = &def_fifo_fops; else if (S_ISSOCK(mode)) inode->i_fop = &bad_sock_fops; else printk(KERN_DEBUG "init_special_inode: bogus i_mode (%o) for" " inode %s:%lu\n", mode, inode->i_sb->s_id, inode->i_ino); } EXPORT_SYMBOL(init_special_inode); /** * inode_init_owner - Init uid,gid,mode for new inode according to posix standards * @inode: New inode * @dir: Directory inode * @mode: mode of the new inode */ void inode_init_owner(struct inode *inode, const struct inode *dir, mode_t mode) { inode->i_uid = current_fsuid(); if (dir && dir->i_mode & S_ISGID) { inode->i_gid = dir->i_gid; if (S_ISDIR(mode)) mode |= S_ISGID; } else inode->i_gid = current_fsgid(); inode->i_mode = mode; } EXPORT_SYMBOL(inode_init_owner); /** * inode_owner_or_capable - check current task permissions to inode * @inode: inode being checked * * Return true if current either has CAP_FOWNER to the inode, or * owns the file. */ bool inode_owner_or_capable(const struct inode *inode) { struct user_namespace *ns = inode_userns(inode); if (current_user_ns() == ns && current_fsuid() == inode->i_uid) return true; if (ns_capable(ns, CAP_FOWNER)) return true; return false; } EXPORT_SYMBOL(inode_owner_or_capable);