summaryrefslogtreecommitdiffstats
path: root/arch/x86/include/asm/processor.h
blob: bb911e7183302aa495a9819638d904183f6f5a61 (plain)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
#ifndef _ASM_X86_PROCESSOR_H
#define _ASM_X86_PROCESSOR_H

#include <asm/processor-flags.h>

/* Forward declaration, a strange C thing */
struct task_struct;
struct mm_struct;
struct vm86;

#include <asm/math_emu.h>
#include <asm/segment.h>
#include <asm/types.h>
#include <uapi/asm/sigcontext.h>
#include <asm/current.h>
#include <asm/cpufeature.h>
#include <asm/page.h>
#include <asm/pgtable_types.h>
#include <asm/percpu.h>
#include <asm/msr.h>
#include <asm/desc_defs.h>
#include <asm/nops.h>
#include <asm/special_insns.h>
#include <asm/fpu/types.h>

#include <linux/personality.h>
#include <linux/cpumask.h>
#include <linux/cache.h>
#include <linux/threads.h>
#include <linux/math64.h>
#include <linux/err.h>
#include <linux/irqflags.h>

/*
 * We handle most unaligned accesses in hardware.  On the other hand
 * unaligned DMA can be quite expensive on some Nehalem processors.
 *
 * Based on this we disable the IP header alignment in network drivers.
 */
#define NET_IP_ALIGN	0

#define HBP_NUM 4
/*
 * Default implementation of macro that returns current
 * instruction pointer ("program counter").
 */
static inline void *current_text_addr(void)
{
	void *pc;

	asm volatile("mov $1f, %0; 1:":"=r" (pc));

	return pc;
}

/*
 * These alignment constraints are for performance in the vSMP case,
 * but in the task_struct case we must also meet hardware imposed
 * alignment requirements of the FPU state:
 */
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_VSMP
# define ARCH_MIN_TASKALIGN		(1 << INTERNODE_CACHE_SHIFT)
# define ARCH_MIN_MMSTRUCT_ALIGN	(1 << INTERNODE_CACHE_SHIFT)
#else
# define ARCH_MIN_TASKALIGN		__alignof__(union fpregs_state)
# define ARCH_MIN_MMSTRUCT_ALIGN	0
#endif

enum tlb_infos {
	ENTRIES,
	NR_INFO
};

extern u16 __read_mostly tlb_lli_4k[NR_INFO];
extern u16 __read_mostly tlb_lli_2m[NR_INFO];
extern u16 __read_mostly tlb_lli_4m[NR_INFO];
extern u16 __read_mostly tlb_lld_4k[NR_INFO];
extern u16 __read_mostly tlb_lld_2m[NR_INFO];
extern u16 __read_mostly tlb_lld_4m[NR_INFO];
extern u16 __read_mostly tlb_lld_1g[NR_INFO];

/*
 *  CPU type and hardware bug flags. Kept separately for each CPU.
 *  Members of this structure are referenced in head.S, so think twice
 *  before touching them. [mj]
 */

struct cpuinfo_x86 {
	__u8			x86;		/* CPU family */
	__u8			x86_vendor;	/* CPU vendor */
	__u8			x86_model;
	__u8			x86_mask;
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
	char			wp_works_ok;	/* It doesn't on 386's */

	/* Problems on some 486Dx4's and old 386's: */
	char			rfu;
	char			pad0;
	char			pad1;
#else
	/* Number of 4K pages in DTLB/ITLB combined(in pages): */
	int			x86_tlbsize;
#endif
	__u8			x86_virt_bits;
	__u8			x86_phys_bits;
	/* CPUID returned core id bits: */
	__u8			x86_coreid_bits;
	/* Max extended CPUID function supported: */
	__u32			extended_cpuid_level;
	/* Maximum supported CPUID level, -1=no CPUID: */
	int			cpuid_level;
	__u32			x86_capability[NCAPINTS + NBUGINTS];
	char			x86_vendor_id[16];
	char			x86_model_id[64];
	/* in KB - valid for CPUS which support this call: */
	int			x86_cache_size;
	int			x86_cache_alignment;	/* In bytes */
	/* Cache QoS architectural values: */
	int			x86_cache_max_rmid;	/* max index */
	int			x86_cache_occ_scale;	/* scale to bytes */
	int			x86_power;
	unsigned long		loops_per_jiffy;
	/* cpuid returned max cores value: */
	u16			 x86_max_cores;
	u16			apicid;
	u16			initial_apicid;
	u16			x86_clflush_size;
	/* number of cores as seen by the OS: */
	u16			booted_cores;
	/* Physical processor id: */
	u16			phys_proc_id;
	/* Core id: */
	u16			cpu_core_id;
	/* Compute unit id */
	u8			compute_unit_id;
	/* Index into per_cpu list: */
	u16			cpu_index;
	u32			microcode;
};

#define X86_VENDOR_INTEL	0
#define X86_VENDOR_CYRIX	1
#define X86_VENDOR_AMD		2
#define X86_VENDOR_UMC		3
#define X86_VENDOR_CENTAUR	5
#define X86_VENDOR_TRANSMETA	7
#define X86_VENDOR_NSC		8
#define X86_VENDOR_NUM		9

#define X86_VENDOR_UNKNOWN	0xff

/*
 * capabilities of CPUs
 */
extern struct cpuinfo_x86	boot_cpu_data;
extern struct cpuinfo_x86	new_cpu_data;

extern struct tss_struct	doublefault_tss;
extern __u32			cpu_caps_cleared[NCAPINTS];
extern __u32			cpu_caps_set[NCAPINTS];

#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
DECLARE_PER_CPU_READ_MOSTLY(struct cpuinfo_x86, cpu_info);
#define cpu_data(cpu)		per_cpu(cpu_info, cpu)
#else
#define cpu_info		boot_cpu_data
#define cpu_data(cpu)		boot_cpu_data
#endif

extern const struct seq_operations cpuinfo_op;

#define cache_line_size()	(boot_cpu_data.x86_cache_alignment)

extern void cpu_detect(struct cpuinfo_x86 *c);

extern void early_cpu_init(void);
extern void identify_boot_cpu(void);
extern void identify_secondary_cpu(struct cpuinfo_x86 *);
extern void print_cpu_info(struct cpuinfo_x86 *);
void print_cpu_msr(struct cpuinfo_x86 *);
extern void init_scattered_cpuid_features(struct cpuinfo_x86 *c);
extern unsigned int init_intel_cacheinfo(struct cpuinfo_x86 *c);
extern void init_amd_cacheinfo(struct cpuinfo_x86 *c);

extern void detect_extended_topology(struct cpuinfo_x86 *c);
extern void detect_ht(struct cpuinfo_x86 *c);

#ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
extern int have_cpuid_p(void);
#else
static inline int have_cpuid_p(void)
{
	return 1;
}
#endif
static inline void native_cpuid(unsigned int *eax, unsigned int *ebx,
				unsigned int *ecx, unsigned int *edx)
{
	/* ecx is often an input as well as an output. */
	asm volatile("cpuid"
	    : "=a" (*eax),
	      "=b" (*ebx),
	      "=c" (*ecx),
	      "=d" (*edx)
	    : "0" (*eax), "2" (*ecx)
	    : "memory");
}

static inline void load_cr3(pgd_t *pgdir)
{
	write_cr3(__pa(pgdir));
}

#ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
/* This is the TSS defined by the hardware. */
struct x86_hw_tss {
	unsigned short		back_link, __blh;
	unsigned long		sp0;
	unsigned short		ss0, __ss0h;
	unsigned long		sp1;

	/*
	 * We don't use ring 1, so ss1 is a convenient scratch space in
	 * the same cacheline as sp0.  We use ss1 to cache the value in
	 * MSR_IA32_SYSENTER_CS.  When we context switch
	 * MSR_IA32_SYSENTER_CS, we first check if the new value being
	 * written matches ss1, and, if it's not, then we wrmsr the new
	 * value and update ss1.
	 *
	 * The only reason we context switch MSR_IA32_SYSENTER_CS is
	 * that we set it to zero in vm86 tasks to avoid corrupting the
	 * stack if we were to go through the sysenter path from vm86
	 * mode.
	 */
	unsigned short		ss1;	/* MSR_IA32_SYSENTER_CS */

	unsigned short		__ss1h;
	unsigned long		sp2;
	unsigned short		ss2, __ss2h;
	unsigned long		__cr3;
	unsigned long		ip;
	unsigned long		flags;
	unsigned long		ax;
	unsigned long		cx;
	unsigned long		dx;
	unsigned long		bx;
	unsigned long		sp;
	unsigned long		bp;
	unsigned long		si;
	unsigned long		di;
	unsigned short		es, __esh;
	unsigned short		cs, __csh;
	unsigned short		ss, __ssh;
	unsigned short		ds, __dsh;
	unsigned short		fs, __fsh;
	unsigned short		gs, __gsh;
	unsigned short		ldt, __ldth;
	unsigned short		trace;
	unsigned short		io_bitmap_base;

} __attribute__((packed));
#else
struct x86_hw_tss {
	u32			reserved1;
	u64			sp0;
	u64			sp1;
	u64			sp2;
	u64			reserved2;
	u64			ist[7];
	u32			reserved3;
	u32			reserved4;
	u16			reserved5;
	u16			io_bitmap_base;

} __attribute__((packed)) ____cacheline_aligned;
#endif

/*
 * IO-bitmap sizes:
 */
#define IO_BITMAP_BITS			65536
#define IO_BITMAP_BYTES			(IO_BITMAP_BITS/8)
#define IO_BITMAP_LONGS			(IO_BITMAP_BYTES/sizeof(long))
#define IO_BITMAP_OFFSET		offsetof(struct tss_struct, io_bitmap)
#define INVALID_IO_BITMAP_OFFSET	0x8000

struct tss_struct {
	/*
	 * The hardware state:
	 */
	struct x86_hw_tss	x86_tss;

	/*
	 * The extra 1 is there because the CPU will access an
	 * additional byte beyond the end of the IO permission
	 * bitmap. The extra byte must be all 1 bits, and must
	 * be within the limit.
	 */
	unsigned long		io_bitmap[IO_BITMAP_LONGS + 1];

	/*
	 * Space for the temporary SYSENTER stack:
	 */
	unsigned long		SYSENTER_stack[64];

} ____cacheline_aligned;

DECLARE_PER_CPU_SHARED_ALIGNED(struct tss_struct, cpu_tss);

#ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
DECLARE_PER_CPU(unsigned long, cpu_current_top_of_stack);
#endif

/*
 * Save the original ist values for checking stack pointers during debugging
 */
struct orig_ist {
	unsigned long		ist[7];
};

#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
DECLARE_PER_CPU(struct orig_ist, orig_ist);

union irq_stack_union {
	char irq_stack[IRQ_STACK_SIZE];
	/*
	 * GCC hardcodes the stack canary as %gs:40.  Since the
	 * irq_stack is the object at %gs:0, we reserve the bottom
	 * 48 bytes of the irq stack for the canary.
	 */
	struct {
		char gs_base[40];
		unsigned long stack_canary;
	};
};

DECLARE_PER_CPU_FIRST(union irq_stack_union, irq_stack_union) __visible;
DECLARE_INIT_PER_CPU(irq_stack_union);

DECLARE_PER_CPU(char *, irq_stack_ptr);
DECLARE_PER_CPU(unsigned int, irq_count);
extern asmlinkage void ignore_sysret(void);
#else	/* X86_64 */
#ifdef CONFIG_CC_STACKPROTECTOR
/*
 * Make sure stack canary segment base is cached-aligned:
 *   "For Intel Atom processors, avoid non zero segment base address
 *    that is not aligned to cache line boundary at all cost."
 * (Optim Ref Manual Assembly/Compiler Coding Rule 15.)
 */
struct stack_canary {
	char __pad[20];		/* canary at %gs:20 */
	unsigned long canary;
};
DECLARE_PER_CPU_ALIGNED(struct stack_canary, stack_canary);
#endif
/*
 * per-CPU IRQ handling stacks
 */
struct irq_stack {
	u32                     stack[THREAD_SIZE/sizeof(u32)];
} __aligned(THREAD_SIZE);

DECLARE_PER_CPU(struct irq_stack *, hardirq_stack);
DECLARE_PER_CPU(struct irq_stack *, softirq_stack);
#endif	/* X86_64 */

extern unsigned int xstate_size;

struct perf_event;

struct thread_struct {
	/* Cached TLS descriptors: */
	struct desc_struct	tls_array[GDT_ENTRY_TLS_ENTRIES];
	unsigned long		sp0;
	unsigned long		sp;
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
	unsigned long		sysenter_cs;
#else
	unsigned short		es;
	unsigned short		ds;
	unsigned short		fsindex;
	unsigned short		gsindex;
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
	unsigned long		ip;
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
	unsigned long		fs;
#endif
	unsigned long		gs;

	/* Save middle states of ptrace breakpoints */
	struct perf_event	*ptrace_bps[HBP_NUM];
	/* Debug status used for traps, single steps, etc... */
	unsigned long           debugreg6;
	/* Keep track of the exact dr7 value set by the user */
	unsigned long           ptrace_dr7;
	/* Fault info: */
	unsigned long		cr2;
	unsigned long		trap_nr;
	unsigned long		error_code;
#ifdef CONFIG_VM86
	/* Virtual 86 mode info */
	struct vm86		*vm86;
#endif
	/* IO permissions: */
	unsigned long		*io_bitmap_ptr;
	unsigned long		iopl;
	/* Max allowed port in the bitmap, in bytes: */
	unsigned		io_bitmap_max;

	/* Floating point and extended processor state */
	struct fpu		fpu;
	/*
	 * WARNING: 'fpu' is dynamically-sized.  It *MUST* be at
	 * the end.
	 */
};

/*
 * Set IOPL bits in EFLAGS from given mask
 */
static inline void native_set_iopl_mask(unsigned mask)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
	unsigned int reg;

	asm volatile ("pushfl;"
		      "popl %0;"
		      "andl %1, %0;"
		      "orl %2, %0;"
		      "pushl %0;"
		      "popfl"
		      : "=&r" (reg)
		      : "i" (~X86_EFLAGS_IOPL), "r" (mask));
#endif
}

static inline void
native_load_sp0(struct tss_struct *tss, struct thread_struct *thread)
{
	tss->x86_tss.sp0 = thread->sp0;
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
	/* Only happens when SEP is enabled, no need to test "SEP"arately: */
	if (unlikely(tss->x86_tss.ss1 != thread->sysenter_cs)) {
		tss->x86_tss.ss1 = thread->sysenter_cs;
		wrmsr(MSR_IA32_SYSENTER_CS, thread->sysenter_cs, 0);
	}
#endif
}

static inline void native_swapgs(void)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
	asm volatile("swapgs" ::: "memory");
#endif
}

static inline unsigned long current_top_of_stack(void)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
	return this_cpu_read_stable(cpu_tss.x86_tss.sp0);
#else
	/* sp0 on x86_32 is special in and around vm86 mode. */
	return this_cpu_read_stable(cpu_current_top_of_stack);
#endif
}

#ifdef CONFIG_PARAVIRT
#include <asm/paravirt.h>
#else
#define __cpuid			native_cpuid
#define paravirt_enabled()	0

static inline void load_sp0(struct tss_struct *tss,
			    struct thread_struct *thread)
{
	native_load_sp0(tss, thread);
}

#define set_iopl_mask native_set_iopl_mask
#endif /* CONFIG_PARAVIRT */

typedef struct {
	unsigned long		seg;
} mm_segment_t;


/* Free all resources held by a thread. */
extern void release_thread(struct task_struct *);

unsigned long get_wchan(struct task_struct *p);

/*
 * Generic CPUID function
 * clear %ecx since some cpus (Cyrix MII) do not set or clear %ecx
 * resulting in stale register contents being returned.
 */
static inline void cpuid(unsigned int op,
			 unsigned int *eax, unsigned int *ebx,
			 unsigned int *ecx, unsigned int *edx)
{
	*eax = op;
	*ecx = 0;
	__cpuid(eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
}

/* Some CPUID calls want 'count' to be placed in ecx */
static inline void cpuid_count(unsigned int op, int count,
			       unsigned int *eax, unsigned int *ebx,
			       unsigned int *ecx, unsigned int *edx)
{
	*eax = op;
	*ecx = count;
	__cpuid(eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
}

/*
 * CPUID functions returning a single datum
 */
static inline unsigned int cpuid_eax(unsigned int op)
{
	unsigned int eax, ebx, ecx, edx;

	cpuid(op, &eax, &ebx, &ecx, &edx);

	return eax;
}

static inline unsigned int cpuid_ebx(unsigned int op)
{
	unsigned int eax, ebx, ecx, edx;

	cpuid(op, &eax, &ebx, &ecx, &edx);

	return ebx;
}

static inline unsigned int cpuid_ecx(unsigned int op)
{
	unsigned int eax, ebx, ecx, edx;

	cpuid(op, &eax, &ebx, &ecx, &edx);

	return ecx;
}

static inline unsigned int cpuid_edx(unsigned int op)
{
	unsigned int eax, ebx, ecx, edx;

	cpuid(op, &eax, &ebx, &ecx, &edx);

	return edx;
}

/* REP NOP (PAUSE) is a good thing to insert into busy-wait loops. */
static inline void rep_nop(void)
{
	asm volatile("rep; nop" ::: "memory");
}

static inline void cpu_relax(void)
{
	rep_nop();
}

#define cpu_relax_lowlatency() cpu_relax()

/* Stop speculative execution and prefetching of modified code. */
static inline void sync_core(void)
{
	int tmp;

#ifdef CONFIG_M486
	/*
	 * Do a CPUID if available, otherwise do a jump.  The jump
	 * can conveniently enough be the jump around CPUID.
	 */
	asm volatile("cmpl %2,%1\n\t"
		     "jl 1f\n\t"
		     "cpuid\n"
		     "1:"
		     : "=a" (tmp)
		     : "rm" (boot_cpu_data.cpuid_level), "ri" (0), "0" (1)
		     : "ebx", "ecx", "edx", "memory");
#else
	/*
	 * CPUID is a barrier to speculative execution.
	 * Prefetched instructions are automatically
	 * invalidated when modified.
	 */
	asm volatile("cpuid"
		     : "=a" (tmp)
		     : "0" (1)
		     : "ebx", "ecx", "edx", "memory");
#endif
}

extern void select_idle_routine(const struct cpuinfo_x86 *c);
extern void init_amd_e400_c1e_mask(void);

extern unsigned long		boot_option_idle_override;
extern bool			amd_e400_c1e_detected;

enum idle_boot_override {IDLE_NO_OVERRIDE=0, IDLE_HALT, IDLE_NOMWAIT,
			 IDLE_POLL};

extern void enable_sep_cpu(void);
extern int sysenter_setup(void);

extern void early_trap_init(void);
void early_trap_pf_init(void);

/* Defined in head.S */
extern struct desc_ptr		early_gdt_descr;

extern void cpu_set_gdt(int);
extern void switch_to_new_gdt(int);
extern void load_percpu_segment(int);
extern void cpu_init(void);

static inline unsigned long get_debugctlmsr(void)
{
	unsigned long debugctlmsr = 0;

#ifndef CONFIG_X86_DEBUGCTLMSR
	if (boot_cpu_data.x86 < 6)
		return 0;
#endif
	rdmsrl(MSR_IA32_DEBUGCTLMSR, debugctlmsr);

	return debugctlmsr;
}

static inline void update_debugctlmsr(unsigned long debugctlmsr)
{
#ifndef CONFIG_X86_DEBUGCTLMSR
	if (boot_cpu_data.x86 < 6)
		return;
#endif
	wrmsrl(MSR_IA32_DEBUGCTLMSR, debugctlmsr);
}

extern void set_task_blockstep(struct task_struct *task, bool on);

/* Boot loader type from the setup header: */
extern int			bootloader_type;
extern int			bootloader_version;

extern char			ignore_fpu_irq;

#define HAVE_ARCH_PICK_MMAP_LAYOUT 1
#define ARCH_HAS_PREFETCHW
#define ARCH_HAS_SPINLOCK_PREFETCH

#ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
# define BASE_PREFETCH		""
# define ARCH_HAS_PREFETCH
#else
# define BASE_PREFETCH		"prefetcht0 %P1"
#endif

/*
 * Prefetch instructions for Pentium III (+) and AMD Athlon (+)
 *
 * It's not worth to care about 3dnow prefetches for the K6
 * because they are microcoded there and very slow.
 */
static inline void prefetch(const void *x)
{
	alternative_input(BASE_PREFETCH, "prefetchnta %P1",
			  X86_FEATURE_XMM,
			  "m" (*(const char *)x));
}

/*
 * 3dnow prefetch to get an exclusive cache line.
 * Useful for spinlocks to avoid one state transition in the
 * cache coherency protocol:
 */
static inline void prefetchw(const void *x)
{
	alternative_input(BASE_PREFETCH, "prefetchw %P1",
			  X86_FEATURE_3DNOWPREFETCH,
			  "m" (*(const char *)x));
}

static inline void spin_lock_prefetch(const void *x)
{
	prefetchw(x);
}

#define TOP_OF_INIT_STACK ((unsigned long)&init_stack + sizeof(init_stack) - \
			   TOP_OF_KERNEL_STACK_PADDING)

#ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
/*
 * User space process size: 3GB (default).
 */
#define TASK_SIZE		PAGE_OFFSET
#define TASK_SIZE_MAX		TASK_SIZE
#define STACK_TOP		TASK_SIZE
#define STACK_TOP_MAX		STACK_TOP

#define INIT_THREAD  {							  \
	.sp0			= TOP_OF_INIT_STACK,			  \
	.sysenter_cs		= __KERNEL_CS,				  \
	.io_bitmap_ptr		= NULL,					  \
}

extern unsigned long thread_saved_pc(struct task_struct *tsk);

/*
 * TOP_OF_KERNEL_STACK_PADDING reserves 8 bytes on top of the ring0 stack.
 * This is necessary to guarantee that the entire "struct pt_regs"
 * is accessible even if the CPU haven't stored the SS/ESP registers
 * on the stack (interrupt gate does not save these registers
 * when switching to the same priv ring).
 * Therefore beware: accessing the ss/esp fields of the
 * "struct pt_regs" is possible, but they may contain the
 * completely wrong values.
 */
#define task_pt_regs(task) \
({									\
	unsigned long __ptr = (unsigned long)task_stack_page(task);	\
	__ptr += THREAD_SIZE - TOP_OF_KERNEL_STACK_PADDING;		\
	((struct pt_regs *)__ptr) - 1;					\
})

#define KSTK_ESP(task)		(task_pt_regs(task)->sp)

#else
/*
 * User space process size. 47bits minus one guard page.  The guard
 * page is necessary on Intel CPUs: if a SYSCALL instruction is at
 * the highest possible canonical userspace address, then that
 * syscall will enter the kernel with a non-canonical return
 * address, and SYSRET will explode dangerously.  We avoid this
 * particular problem by preventing anything from being mapped
 * at the maximum canonical address.
 */
#define TASK_SIZE_MAX	((1UL << 47) - PAGE_SIZE)

/* This decides where the kernel will search for a free chunk of vm
 * space during mmap's.
 */
#define IA32_PAGE_OFFSET	((current->personality & ADDR_LIMIT_3GB) ? \
					0xc0000000 : 0xFFFFe000)

#define TASK_SIZE		(test_thread_flag(TIF_ADDR32) ? \
					IA32_PAGE_OFFSET : TASK_SIZE_MAX)
#define TASK_SIZE_OF(child)	((test_tsk_thread_flag(child, TIF_ADDR32)) ? \
					IA32_PAGE_OFFSET : TASK_SIZE_MAX)

#define STACK_TOP		TASK_SIZE
#define STACK_TOP_MAX		TASK_SIZE_MAX

#define INIT_THREAD  { \
	.sp0 = TOP_OF_INIT_STACK \
}

/*
 * Return saved PC of a blocked thread.
 * What is this good for? it will be always the scheduler or ret_from_fork.
 */
#define thread_saved_pc(t)	(*(unsigned long *)((t)->thread.sp - 8))

#define task_pt_regs(tsk)	((struct pt_regs *)(tsk)->thread.sp0 - 1)
extern unsigned long KSTK_ESP(struct task_struct *task);

#endif /* CONFIG_X86_64 */

extern void start_thread(struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned long new_ip,
					       unsigned long new_sp);

/*
 * This decides where the kernel will search for a free chunk of vm
 * space during mmap's.
 */
#define TASK_UNMAPPED_BASE	(PAGE_ALIGN(TASK_SIZE / 3))

#define KSTK_EIP(task)		(task_pt_regs(task)->ip)

/* Get/set a process' ability to use the timestamp counter instruction */
#define GET_TSC_CTL(adr)	get_tsc_mode((adr))
#define SET_TSC_CTL(val)	set_tsc_mode((val))

extern int get_tsc_mode(unsigned long adr);
extern int set_tsc_mode(unsigned int val);

/* Register/unregister a process' MPX related resource */
#define MPX_ENABLE_MANAGEMENT()	mpx_enable_management()
#define MPX_DISABLE_MANAGEMENT()	mpx_disable_management()

#ifdef CONFIG_X86_INTEL_MPX
extern int mpx_enable_management(void);
extern int mpx_disable_management(void);
#else
static inline int mpx_enable_management(void)
{
	return -EINVAL;
}
static inline int mpx_disable_management(void)
{
	return -EINVAL;
}
#endif /* CONFIG_X86_INTEL_MPX */

extern u16 amd_get_nb_id(int cpu);
extern u32 amd_get_nodes_per_socket(void);

static inline uint32_t hypervisor_cpuid_base(const char *sig, uint32_t leaves)
{
	uint32_t base, eax, signature[3];

	for (base = 0x40000000; base < 0x40010000; base += 0x100) {
		cpuid(base, &eax, &signature[0], &signature[1], &signature[2]);

		if (!memcmp(sig, signature, 12) &&
		    (leaves == 0 || ((eax - base) >= leaves)))
			return base;
	}

	return 0;
}

extern unsigned long arch_align_stack(unsigned long sp);
extern void free_init_pages(char *what, unsigned long begin, unsigned long end);

void default_idle(void);
#ifdef	CONFIG_XEN
bool xen_set_default_idle(void);
#else
#define xen_set_default_idle 0
#endif

void stop_this_cpu(void *dummy);
void df_debug(struct pt_regs *regs, long error_code);
#endif /* _ASM_X86_PROCESSOR_H */