/* $OpenBSD: ssh-keygen.c,v 1.468 2023/06/20 00:05:09 djm Exp $ */ /* * Author: Tatu Ylonen * Copyright (c) 1994 Tatu Ylonen , Espoo, Finland * All rights reserved * Identity and host key generation and maintenance. * * As far as I am concerned, the code I have written for this software * can be used freely for any purpose. Any derived versions of this * software must be clearly marked as such, and if the derived work is * incompatible with the protocol description in the RFC file, it must be * called by a name other than "ssh" or "Secure Shell". */ #include "includes.h" #include #include #include #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL #include #include #include "openbsd-compat/openssl-compat.h" #endif #ifdef HAVE_STDINT_H # include #endif #include #include #include #ifdef HAVE_PATHS_H # include #endif #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include "xmalloc.h" #include "sshkey.h" #include "authfile.h" #include "sshbuf.h" #include "pathnames.h" #include "log.h" #include "misc.h" #include "match.h" #include "hostfile.h" #include "dns.h" #include "ssh.h" #include "ssh2.h" #include "ssherr.h" #include "ssh-pkcs11.h" #include "atomicio.h" #include "krl.h" #include "digest.h" #include "utf8.h" #include "authfd.h" #include "sshsig.h" #include "ssh-sk.h" #include "sk-api.h" /* XXX for SSH_SK_USER_PRESENCE_REQD; remove */ #include "cipher.h" #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL # define DEFAULT_KEY_TYPE_NAME "rsa" #else # define DEFAULT_KEY_TYPE_NAME "ed25519" #endif /* * Default number of bits in the RSA, DSA and ECDSA keys. These value can be * overridden on the command line. * * These values, with the exception of DSA, provide security equivalent to at * least 128 bits of security according to NIST Special Publication 800-57: * Recommendation for Key Management Part 1 rev 4 section 5.6.1. * For DSA it (and FIPS-186-4 section 4.2) specifies that the only size for * which a 160bit hash is acceptable is 1kbit, and since ssh-dss specifies only * SHA1 we limit the DSA key size 1k bits. */ #define DEFAULT_BITS 3072 #define DEFAULT_BITS_DSA 1024 #define DEFAULT_BITS_ECDSA 256 static int quiet = 0; /* Flag indicating that we just want to see the key fingerprint */ static int print_fingerprint = 0; static int print_bubblebabble = 0; /* Hash algorithm to use for fingerprints. */ static int fingerprint_hash = SSH_FP_HASH_DEFAULT; /* The identity file name, given on the command line or entered by the user. */ static char identity_file[PATH_MAX]; static int have_identity = 0; /* This is set to the passphrase if given on the command line. */ static char *identity_passphrase = NULL; /* This is set to the new passphrase if given on the command line. */ static char *identity_new_passphrase = NULL; /* Key type when certifying */ static u_int cert_key_type = SSH2_CERT_TYPE_USER; /* "key ID" of signed key */ static char *cert_key_id = NULL; /* Comma-separated list of principal names for certifying keys */ static char *cert_principals = NULL; /* Validity period for certificates */ static u_int64_t cert_valid_from = 0; static u_int64_t cert_valid_to = ~0ULL; /* Certificate options */ #define CERTOPT_X_FWD (1) #define CERTOPT_AGENT_FWD (1<<1) #define CERTOPT_PORT_FWD (1<<2) #define CERTOPT_PTY (1<<3) #define CERTOPT_USER_RC (1<<4) #define CERTOPT_NO_REQUIRE_USER_PRESENCE (1<<5) #define CERTOPT_REQUIRE_VERIFY (1<<6) #define CERTOPT_DEFAULT (CERTOPT_X_FWD|CERTOPT_AGENT_FWD| \ CERTOPT_PORT_FWD|CERTOPT_PTY|CERTOPT_USER_RC) static u_int32_t certflags_flags = CERTOPT_DEFAULT; static char *certflags_command = NULL; static char *certflags_src_addr = NULL; /* Arbitrary extensions specified by user */ struct cert_ext { char *key; char *val; int crit; }; static struct cert_ext *cert_ext; static size_t ncert_ext; /* Conversion to/from various formats */ enum { FMT_RFC4716, FMT_PKCS8, FMT_PEM } convert_format = FMT_RFC4716; static char *key_type_name = NULL; /* Load key from this PKCS#11 provider */ static char *pkcs11provider = NULL; /* FIDO/U2F provider to use */ static char *sk_provider = NULL; /* Format for writing private keys */ static int private_key_format = SSHKEY_PRIVATE_OPENSSH; /* Cipher for new-format private keys */ static char *openssh_format_cipher = NULL; /* Number of KDF rounds to derive new format keys. */ static int rounds = 0; /* argv0 */ extern char *__progname; static char hostname[NI_MAXHOST]; #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL /* moduli.c */ int gen_candidates(FILE *, u_int32_t, u_int32_t, BIGNUM *); int prime_test(FILE *, FILE *, u_int32_t, u_int32_t, char *, unsigned long, unsigned long); #endif static void type_bits_valid(int type, const char *name, u_int32_t *bitsp) { if (type == KEY_UNSPEC) fatal("unknown key type %s", key_type_name); if (*bitsp == 0) { #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL int nid; switch(type) { case KEY_DSA: *bitsp = DEFAULT_BITS_DSA; break; case KEY_ECDSA: if (name != NULL && (nid = sshkey_ecdsa_nid_from_name(name)) > 0) *bitsp = sshkey_curve_nid_to_bits(nid); if (*bitsp == 0) *bitsp = DEFAULT_BITS_ECDSA; break; case KEY_RSA: *bitsp = DEFAULT_BITS; break; } #endif } #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL switch (type) { case KEY_DSA: if (*bitsp != 1024) fatal("Invalid DSA key length: must be 1024 bits"); break; case KEY_RSA: if (*bitsp < SSH_RSA_MINIMUM_MODULUS_SIZE) fatal("Invalid RSA key length: minimum is %d bits", SSH_RSA_MINIMUM_MODULUS_SIZE); else if (*bitsp > OPENSSL_RSA_MAX_MODULUS_BITS) fatal("Invalid RSA key length: maximum is %d bits", OPENSSL_RSA_MAX_MODULUS_BITS); break; case KEY_ECDSA: if (sshkey_ecdsa_bits_to_nid(*bitsp) == -1) #ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_NISTP521 fatal("Invalid ECDSA key length: valid lengths are " "256, 384 or 521 bits"); #else fatal("Invalid ECDSA key length: valid lengths are " "256 or 384 bits"); #endif } #endif } /* * Checks whether a file exists and, if so, asks the user whether they wish * to overwrite it. * Returns nonzero if the file does not already exist or if the user agrees to * overwrite, or zero otherwise. */ static int confirm_overwrite(const char *filename) { char yesno[3]; struct stat st; if (stat(filename, &st) != 0) return 1; printf("%s already exists.\n", filename); printf("Overwrite (y/n)? "); fflush(stdout); if (fgets(yesno, sizeof(yesno), stdin) == NULL) return 0; if (yesno[0] != 'y' && yesno[0] != 'Y') return 0; return 1; } static void ask_filename(struct passwd *pw, const char *prompt) { char buf[1024]; char *name = NULL; if (key_type_name == NULL) name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_ID_RSA; else { switch (sshkey_type_from_name(key_type_name)) { case KEY_DSA_CERT: case KEY_DSA: name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_ID_DSA; break; #ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC case KEY_ECDSA_CERT: case KEY_ECDSA: name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_ID_ECDSA; break; case KEY_ECDSA_SK_CERT: case KEY_ECDSA_SK: name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_ID_ECDSA_SK; break; #endif case KEY_RSA_CERT: case KEY_RSA: name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_ID_RSA; break; case KEY_ED25519: case KEY_ED25519_CERT: name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_ID_ED25519; break; case KEY_ED25519_SK: case KEY_ED25519_SK_CERT: name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_ID_ED25519_SK; break; case KEY_XMSS: case KEY_XMSS_CERT: name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_ID_XMSS; break; default: fatal("bad key type"); } } snprintf(identity_file, sizeof(identity_file), "%s/%s", pw->pw_dir, name); printf("%s (%s): ", prompt, identity_file); fflush(stdout); if (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), stdin) == NULL) exit(1); buf[strcspn(buf, "\n")] = '\0'; if (strcmp(buf, "") != 0) strlcpy(identity_file, buf, sizeof(identity_file)); have_identity = 1; } static struct sshkey * load_identity(const char *filename, char **commentp) { char *pass; struct sshkey *prv; int r; if (commentp != NULL) *commentp = NULL; if ((r = sshkey_load_private(filename, "", &prv, commentp)) == 0) return prv; if (r != SSH_ERR_KEY_WRONG_PASSPHRASE) fatal_r(r, "Load key \"%s\"", filename); if (identity_passphrase) pass = xstrdup(identity_passphrase); else pass = read_passphrase("Enter passphrase: ", RP_ALLOW_STDIN); r = sshkey_load_private(filename, pass, &prv, commentp); freezero(pass, strlen(pass)); if (r != 0) fatal_r(r, "Load key \"%s\"", filename); return prv; } #define SSH_COM_PUBLIC_BEGIN "---- BEGIN SSH2 PUBLIC KEY ----" #define SSH_COM_PUBLIC_END "---- END SSH2 PUBLIC KEY ----" #define SSH_COM_PRIVATE_BEGIN "---- BEGIN SSH2 ENCRYPTED PRIVATE KEY ----" #define SSH_COM_PRIVATE_KEY_MAGIC 0x3f6ff9eb #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL static void do_convert_to_ssh2(struct passwd *pw, struct sshkey *k) { struct sshbuf *b; char comment[61], *b64; int r; if ((b = sshbuf_new()) == NULL) fatal_f("sshbuf_new failed"); if ((r = sshkey_putb(k, b)) != 0) fatal_fr(r, "put key"); if ((b64 = sshbuf_dtob64_string(b, 1)) == NULL) fatal_f("sshbuf_dtob64_string failed"); /* Comment + surrounds must fit into 72 chars (RFC 4716 sec 3.3) */ snprintf(comment, sizeof(comment), "%u-bit %s, converted by %s@%s from OpenSSH", sshkey_size(k), sshkey_type(k), pw->pw_name, hostname); sshkey_free(k); sshbuf_free(b); fprintf(stdout, "%s\n", SSH_COM_PUBLIC_BEGIN); fprintf(stdout, "Comment: \"%s\"\n%s", comment, b64); fprintf(stdout, "%s\n", SSH_COM_PUBLIC_END); free(b64); exit(0); } static void do_convert_to_pkcs8(struct sshkey *k) { switch (sshkey_type_plain(k->type)) { case KEY_RSA: if (!PEM_write_RSA_PUBKEY(stdout, k->rsa)) fatal("PEM_write_RSA_PUBKEY failed"); break; case KEY_DSA: if (!PEM_write_DSA_PUBKEY(stdout, k->dsa)) fatal("PEM_write_DSA_PUBKEY failed"); break; #ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC case KEY_ECDSA: if (!PEM_write_EC_PUBKEY(stdout, k->ecdsa)) fatal("PEM_write_EC_PUBKEY failed"); break; #endif default: fatal_f("unsupported key type %s", sshkey_type(k)); } exit(0); } static void do_convert_to_pem(struct sshkey *k) { switch (sshkey_type_plain(k->type)) { case KEY_RSA: if (!PEM_write_RSAPublicKey(stdout, k->rsa)) fatal("PEM_write_RSAPublicKey failed"); break; case KEY_DSA: if (!PEM_write_DSA_PUBKEY(stdout, k->dsa)) fatal("PEM_write_DSA_PUBKEY failed"); break; #ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC case KEY_ECDSA: if (!PEM_write_EC_PUBKEY(stdout, k->ecdsa)) fatal("PEM_write_EC_PUBKEY failed"); break; #endif default: fatal_f("unsupported key type %s", sshkey_type(k)); } exit(0); } static void do_convert_to(struct passwd *pw) { struct sshkey *k; struct stat st; int r; if (!have_identity) ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is"); if (stat(identity_file, &st) == -1) fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno)); if ((r = sshkey_load_public(identity_file, &k, NULL)) != 0) k = load_identity(identity_file, NULL); switch (convert_format) { case FMT_RFC4716: do_convert_to_ssh2(pw, k); break; case FMT_PKCS8: do_convert_to_pkcs8(k); break; case FMT_PEM: do_convert_to_pem(k); break; default: fatal_f("unknown key format %d", convert_format); } exit(0); } /* * This is almost exactly the bignum1 encoding, but with 32 bit for length * instead of 16. */ static void buffer_get_bignum_bits(struct sshbuf *b, BIGNUM *value) { u_int bytes, bignum_bits; int r; if ((r = sshbuf_get_u32(b, &bignum_bits)) != 0) fatal_fr(r, "parse"); bytes = (bignum_bits + 7) / 8; if (sshbuf_len(b) < bytes) fatal_f("input buffer too small: need %d have %zu", bytes, sshbuf_len(b)); if (BN_bin2bn(sshbuf_ptr(b), bytes, value) == NULL) fatal_f("BN_bin2bn failed"); if ((r = sshbuf_consume(b, bytes)) != 0) fatal_fr(r, "consume"); } static struct sshkey * do_convert_private_ssh2(struct sshbuf *b) { struct sshkey *key = NULL; char *type, *cipher; const char *alg = NULL; u_char e1, e2, e3, *sig = NULL, data[] = "abcde12345"; int r, rlen, ktype; u_int magic, i1, i2, i3, i4; size_t slen; u_long e; BIGNUM *dsa_p = NULL, *dsa_q = NULL, *dsa_g = NULL; BIGNUM *dsa_pub_key = NULL, *dsa_priv_key = NULL; BIGNUM *rsa_n = NULL, *rsa_e = NULL, *rsa_d = NULL; BIGNUM *rsa_p = NULL, *rsa_q = NULL, *rsa_iqmp = NULL; if ((r = sshbuf_get_u32(b, &magic)) != 0) fatal_fr(r, "parse magic"); if (magic != SSH_COM_PRIVATE_KEY_MAGIC) { error("bad magic 0x%x != 0x%x", magic, SSH_COM_PRIVATE_KEY_MAGIC); return NULL; } if ((r = sshbuf_get_u32(b, &i1)) != 0 || (r = sshbuf_get_cstring(b, &type, NULL)) != 0 || (r = sshbuf_get_cstring(b, &cipher, NULL)) != 0 || (r = sshbuf_get_u32(b, &i2)) != 0 || (r = sshbuf_get_u32(b, &i3)) != 0 || (r = sshbuf_get_u32(b, &i4)) != 0) fatal_fr(r, "parse"); debug("ignore (%d %d %d %d)", i1, i2, i3, i4); if (strcmp(cipher, "none") != 0) { error("unsupported cipher %s", cipher); free(cipher); free(type); return NULL; } free(cipher); if (strstr(type, "dsa")) { ktype = KEY_DSA; } else if (strstr(type, "rsa")) { ktype = KEY_RSA; } else { free(type); return NULL; } if ((key = sshkey_new(ktype)) == NULL) fatal("sshkey_new failed"); free(type); switch (key->type) { case KEY_DSA: if ((dsa_p = BN_new()) == NULL || (dsa_q = BN_new()) == NULL || (dsa_g = BN_new()) == NULL || (dsa_pub_key = BN_new()) == NULL || (dsa_priv_key = BN_new()) == NULL) fatal_f("BN_new"); buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, dsa_p); buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, dsa_g); buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, dsa_q); buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, dsa_pub_key); buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, dsa_priv_key); if (!DSA_set0_pqg(key->dsa, dsa_p, dsa_q, dsa_g)) fatal_f("DSA_set0_pqg failed"); dsa_p = dsa_q = dsa_g = NULL; /* transferred */ if (!DSA_set0_key(key->dsa, dsa_pub_key, dsa_priv_key)) fatal_f("DSA_set0_key failed"); dsa_pub_key = dsa_priv_key = NULL; /* transferred */ break; case KEY_RSA: if ((r = sshbuf_get_u8(b, &e1)) != 0 || (e1 < 30 && (r = sshbuf_get_u8(b, &e2)) != 0) || (e1 < 30 && (r = sshbuf_get_u8(b, &e3)) != 0)) fatal_fr(r, "parse RSA"); e = e1; debug("e %lx", e); if (e < 30) { e <<= 8; e += e2; debug("e %lx", e); e <<= 8; e += e3; debug("e %lx", e); } if ((rsa_e = BN_new()) == NULL) fatal_f("BN_new"); if (!BN_set_word(rsa_e, e)) { BN_clear_free(rsa_e); sshkey_free(key); return NULL; } if ((rsa_n = BN_new()) == NULL || (rsa_d = BN_new()) == NULL || (rsa_p = BN_new()) == NULL || (rsa_q = BN_new()) == NULL || (rsa_iqmp = BN_new()) == NULL) fatal_f("BN_new"); buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, rsa_d); buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, rsa_n); buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, rsa_iqmp); buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, rsa_q); buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, rsa_p); if (!RSA_set0_key(key->rsa, rsa_n, rsa_e, rsa_d)) fatal_f("RSA_set0_key failed"); rsa_n = rsa_e = rsa_d = NULL; /* transferred */ if (!RSA_set0_factors(key->rsa, rsa_p, rsa_q)) fatal_f("RSA_set0_factors failed"); rsa_p = rsa_q = NULL; /* transferred */ if ((r = ssh_rsa_complete_crt_parameters(key, rsa_iqmp)) != 0) fatal_fr(r, "generate RSA parameters"); BN_clear_free(rsa_iqmp); alg = "rsa-sha2-256"; break; } rlen = sshbuf_len(b); if (rlen != 0) error_f("remaining bytes in key blob %d", rlen); /* try the key */ if ((r = sshkey_sign(key, &sig, &slen, data, sizeof(data), alg, NULL, NULL, 0)) != 0) error_fr(r, "signing with converted key failed"); else if ((r = sshkey_verify(key, sig, slen, data, sizeof(data), alg, 0, NULL)) != 0) error_fr(r, "verification with converted key failed"); if (r != 0) { sshkey_free(key); free(sig); return NULL; } free(sig); return key; } static int get_line(FILE *fp, char *line, size_t len) { int c; size_t pos = 0; line[0] = '\0'; while ((c = fgetc(fp)) != EOF) { if (pos >= len - 1) fatal("input line too long."); switch (c) { case '\r': c = fgetc(fp); if (c != EOF && c != '\n' && ungetc(c, fp) == EOF) fatal("unget: %s", strerror(errno)); return pos; case '\n': return pos; } line[pos++] = c; line[pos] = '\0'; } /* We reached EOF */ return -1; } static void do_convert_from_ssh2(struct passwd *pw, struct sshkey **k, int *private) { int r, blen, escaped = 0; u_int len; char line[1024]; struct sshbuf *buf; char encoded[8096]; FILE *fp; if ((buf = sshbuf_new()) == NULL) fatal("sshbuf_new failed"); if ((fp = fopen(identity_file, "r")) == NULL) fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno)); encoded[0] = '\0'; while ((blen = get_line(fp, line, sizeof(line))) != -1) { if (blen > 0 && line[blen - 1] == '\\') escaped++; if (strncmp(line, "----", 4) == 0 || strstr(line, ": ") != NULL) { if (strstr(line, SSH_COM_PRIVATE_BEGIN) != NULL) *private = 1; if (strstr(line, " END ") != NULL) { break; } /* fprintf(stderr, "ignore: %s", line); */ continue; } if (escaped) { escaped--; /* fprintf(stderr, "escaped: %s", line); */ continue; } strlcat(encoded, line, sizeof(encoded)); } len = strlen(encoded); if (((len % 4) == 3) && (encoded[len-1] == '=') && (encoded[len-2] == '=') && (encoded[len-3] == '=')) encoded[len-3] = '\0'; if ((r = sshbuf_b64tod(buf, encoded)) != 0) fatal_fr(r, "base64 decode"); if (*private) { if ((*k = do_convert_private_ssh2(buf)) == NULL) fatal_f("private key conversion failed"); } else if ((r = sshkey_fromb(buf, k)) != 0) fatal_fr(r, "parse key"); sshbuf_free(buf); fclose(fp); } static void do_convert_from_pkcs8(struct sshkey **k, int *private) { EVP_PKEY *pubkey; FILE *fp; if ((fp = fopen(identity_file, "r")) == NULL) fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno)); if ((pubkey = PEM_read_PUBKEY(fp, NULL, NULL, NULL)) == NULL) { fatal_f("%s is not a recognised public key format", identity_file); } fclose(fp); switch (EVP_PKEY_base_id(pubkey)) { case EVP_PKEY_RSA: if ((*k = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL) fatal("sshkey_new failed"); (*k)->type = KEY_RSA; (*k)->rsa = EVP_PKEY_get1_RSA(pubkey); break; case EVP_PKEY_DSA: if ((*k = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL) fatal("sshkey_new failed"); (*k)->type = KEY_DSA; (*k)->dsa = EVP_PKEY_get1_DSA(pubkey); break; #ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC case EVP_PKEY_EC: if ((*k = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL) fatal("sshkey_new failed"); (*k)->type = KEY_ECDSA; (*k)->ecdsa = EVP_PKEY_get1_EC_KEY(pubkey); (*k)->ecdsa_nid = sshkey_ecdsa_key_to_nid((*k)->ecdsa); break; #endif default: fatal_f("unsupported pubkey type %d", EVP_PKEY_base_id(pubkey)); } EVP_PKEY_free(pubkey); return; } static void do_convert_from_pem(struct sshkey **k, int *private) { FILE *fp; RSA *rsa; if ((fp = fopen(identity_file, "r")) == NULL) fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno)); if ((rsa = PEM_read_RSAPublicKey(fp, NULL, NULL, NULL)) != NULL) { if ((*k = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL) fatal("sshkey_new failed"); (*k)->type = KEY_RSA; (*k)->rsa = rsa; fclose(fp); return; } fatal_f("unrecognised raw private key format"); } static void do_convert_from(struct passwd *pw) { struct sshkey *k = NULL; int r, private = 0, ok = 0; struct stat st; if (!have_identity) ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is"); if (stat(identity_file, &st) == -1) fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno)); switch (convert_format) { case FMT_RFC4716: do_convert_from_ssh2(pw, &k, &private); break; case FMT_PKCS8: do_convert_from_pkcs8(&k, &private); break; case FMT_PEM: do_convert_from_pem(&k, &private); break; default: fatal_f("unknown key format %d", convert_format); } if (!private) { if ((r = sshkey_write(k, stdout)) == 0) ok = 1; if (ok) fprintf(stdout, "\n"); } else { switch (k->type) { case KEY_DSA: ok = PEM_write_DSAPrivateKey(stdout, k->dsa, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL); break; #ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC case KEY_ECDSA: ok = PEM_write_ECPrivateKey(stdout, k->ecdsa, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL); break; #endif case KEY_RSA: ok = PEM_write_RSAPrivateKey(stdout, k->rsa, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL); break; default: fatal_f("unsupported key type %s", sshkey_type(k)); } } if (!ok) fatal("key write failed"); sshkey_free(k); exit(0); } #endif static void do_print_public(struct passwd *pw) { struct sshkey *prv; struct stat st; int r; char *comment = NULL; if (!have_identity) ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is"); if (stat(identity_file, &st) == -1) fatal("%s: %s", identity_file, strerror(errno)); prv = load_identity(identity_file, &comment); if ((r = sshkey_write(prv, stdout)) != 0) fatal_fr(r, "write key"); if (comment != NULL && *comment != '\0') fprintf(stdout, " %s", comment); fprintf(stdout, "\n"); if (sshkey_is_sk(prv)) { debug("sk_application: \"%s\", sk_flags 0x%02x", prv->sk_application, prv->sk_flags); } sshkey_free(prv); free(comment); exit(0); } static void do_download(struct passwd *pw) { #ifdef ENABLE_PKCS11 struct sshkey **keys = NULL; int i, nkeys; enum sshkey_fp_rep rep; int fptype; char *fp, *ra, **comments = NULL; fptype = print_bubblebabble ? SSH_DIGEST_SHA1 : fingerprint_hash; rep = print_bubblebabble ? SSH_FP_BUBBLEBABBLE : SSH_FP_DEFAULT; pkcs11_init(1); nkeys = pkcs11_add_provider(pkcs11provider, NULL, &keys, &comments); if (nkeys <= 0) fatal("cannot read public key from pkcs11"); for (i = 0; i < nkeys; i++) { if (print_fingerprint) { fp = sshkey_fingerprint(keys[i], fptype, rep); ra = sshkey_fingerprint(keys[i], fingerprint_hash, SSH_FP_RANDOMART); if (fp == NULL || ra == NULL) fatal_f("sshkey_fingerprint fail"); printf("%u %s %s (PKCS11 key)\n", sshkey_size(keys[i]), fp, sshkey_type(keys[i])); if (log_level_get() >= SYSLOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE) printf("%s\n", ra); free(ra); free(fp); } else { (void) sshkey_write(keys[i], stdout); /* XXX check */ fprintf(stdout, "%s%s\n", *(comments[i]) == '\0' ? "" : " ", comments[i]); } free(comments[i]); sshkey_free(keys[i]); } free(comments); free(keys); pkcs11_terminate(); exit(0); #else fatal("no pkcs11 support"); #endif /* ENABLE_PKCS11 */ } static struct sshkey * try_read_key(char **cpp) { struct sshkey *ret; int r; if ((ret = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL) fatal("sshkey_new failed"); if ((r = sshkey_read(ret, cpp)) == 0) return ret; /* Not a key */ sshkey_free(ret); return NULL; } static void fingerprint_one_key(const struct sshkey *public, const char *comment) { char *fp = NULL, *ra = NULL; enum sshkey_fp_rep rep; int fptype; fptype = print_bubblebabble ? SSH_DIGEST_SHA1 : fingerprint_hash; rep = print_bubblebabble ? SSH_FP_BUBBLEBABBLE : SSH_FP_DEFAULT; fp = sshkey_fingerprint(public, fptype, rep); ra = sshkey_fingerprint(public, fingerprint_hash, SSH_FP_RANDOMART); if (fp == NULL || ra == NULL) fatal_f("sshkey_fingerprint failed"); mprintf("%u %s %s (%s)\n", sshkey_size(public), fp, comment ? comment : "no comment", sshkey_type(public)); if (log_level_get() >= SYSLOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE) printf("%s\n", ra); free(ra); free(fp); } static void fingerprint_private(const char *path) { struct stat st; char *comment = NULL; struct sshkey *privkey = NULL, *pubkey = NULL; int r; if (stat(identity_file, &st) == -1) fatal("%s: %s", path, strerror(errno)); if ((r = sshkey_load_public(path, &pubkey, &comment)) != 0) debug_r(r, "load public \"%s\"", path); if (pubkey == NULL || comment == NULL || *comment == '\0') { free(comment); if ((r = sshkey_load_private(path, NULL, &privkey, &comment)) != 0) debug_r(r, "load private \"%s\"", path); } if (pubkey == NULL && privkey == NULL) fatal("%s is not a key file.", path); fingerprint_one_key(pubkey == NULL ? privkey : pubkey, comment); sshkey_free(pubkey); sshkey_free(privkey); free(comment); } static void do_fingerprint(struct passwd *pw) { FILE *f; struct sshkey *public = NULL; char *comment = NULL, *cp, *ep, *line = NULL; size_t linesize = 0; int i, invalid = 1; const char *path; u_long lnum = 0; if (!have_identity) ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is"); path = identity_file; if (strcmp(identity_file, "-") == 0) { f = stdin; path = "(stdin)"; } else if ((f = fopen(path, "r")) == NULL) fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, path, strerror(errno)); while (getline(&line, &linesize, f) != -1) { lnum++; cp = line; cp[strcspn(cp, "\n")] = '\0'; /* Trim leading space and comments */ cp = line + strspn(line, " \t"); if (*cp == '#' || *cp == '\0') continue; /* * Input may be plain keys, private keys, authorized_keys * or known_hosts. */ /* * Try private keys first. Assume a key is private if * "SSH PRIVATE KEY" appears on the first line and we're * not reading from stdin (XXX support private keys on stdin). */ if (lnum == 1 && strcmp(identity_file, "-") != 0 && strstr(cp, "PRIVATE KEY") != NULL) { free(line); fclose(f); fingerprint_private(path); exit(0); } /* * If it's not a private key, then this must be prepared to * accept a public key prefixed with a hostname or options. * Try a bare key first, otherwise skip the leading stuff. */ comment = NULL; if ((public = try_read_key(&cp)) == NULL) { i = strtol(cp, &ep, 10); if (i == 0 || ep == NULL || (*ep != ' ' && *ep != '\t')) { int quoted = 0; comment = cp; for (; *cp && (quoted || (*cp != ' ' && *cp != '\t')); cp++) { if (*cp == '\\' && cp[1] == '"') cp++; /* Skip both */ else if (*cp == '"') quoted = !quoted; } if (!*cp) continue; *cp++ = '\0'; } } /* Retry after parsing leading hostname/key options */ if (public == NULL && (public = try_read_key(&cp)) == NULL) { debug("%s:%lu: not a public key", path, lnum); continue; } /* Find trailing comment, if any */ for (; *cp == ' ' || *cp == '\t'; cp++) ; if (*cp != '\0' && *cp != '#') comment = cp; fingerprint_one_key(public, comment); sshkey_free(public); invalid = 0; /* One good key in the file is sufficient */ } fclose(f); free(line); if (invalid) fatal("%s is not a public key file.", path); exit(0); } static void do_gen_all_hostkeys(struct passwd *pw) { struct { char *key_type; char *key_type_display; char *path; } key_types[] = { #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL { "rsa", "RSA" ,_PATH_HOST_RSA_KEY_FILE }, #ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC { "ecdsa", "ECDSA",_PATH_HOST_ECDSA_KEY_FILE }, #endif /* OPENSSL_HAS_ECC */ #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */ { "ed25519", "ED25519",_PATH_HOST_ED25519_KEY_FILE }, #ifdef WITH_XMSS { "xmss", "XMSS",_PATH_HOST_XMSS_KEY_FILE }, #endif /* WITH_XMSS */ { NULL, NULL, NULL } }; u_int32_t bits = 0; int first = 0; struct stat st; struct sshkey *private, *public; char comment[1024], *prv_tmp, *pub_tmp, *prv_file, *pub_file; int i, type, fd, r; for (i = 0; key_types[i].key_type; i++) { public = private = NULL; prv_tmp = pub_tmp = prv_file = pub_file = NULL; xasprintf(&prv_file, "%s%s", identity_file, key_types[i].path); /* Check whether private key exists and is not zero-length */ if (stat(prv_file, &st) == 0) { if (st.st_size != 0) goto next; } else if (errno != ENOENT) { error("Could not stat %s: %s", key_types[i].path, strerror(errno)); goto failnext; } /* * Private key doesn't exist or is invalid; proceed with * key generation. */ xasprintf(&prv_tmp, "%s%s.XXXXXXXXXX", identity_file, key_types[i].path); xasprintf(&pub_tmp, "%s%s.pub.XXXXXXXXXX", identity_file, key_types[i].path); xasprintf(&pub_file, "%s%s.pub", identity_file, key_types[i].path); if (first == 0) { first = 1; printf("%s: generating new host keys: ", __progname); } printf("%s ", key_types[i].key_type_display); fflush(stdout); type = sshkey_type_from_name(key_types[i].key_type); if ((fd = mkstemp(prv_tmp)) == -1) { error("Could not save your private key in %s: %s", prv_tmp, strerror(errno)); goto failnext; } (void)close(fd); /* just using mkstemp() to reserve a name */ bits = 0; type_bits_valid(type, NULL, &bits); if ((r = sshkey_generate(type, bits, &private)) != 0) { error_r(r, "sshkey_generate failed"); goto failnext; } if ((r = sshkey_from_private(private, &public)) != 0) fatal_fr(r, "sshkey_from_private"); snprintf(comment, sizeof comment, "%s@%s", pw->pw_name, hostname); if ((r = sshkey_save_private(private, prv_tmp, "", comment, private_key_format, openssh_format_cipher, rounds)) != 0) { error_r(r, "Saving key \"%s\" failed", prv_tmp); goto failnext; } if ((fd = mkstemp(pub_tmp)) == -1) { error("Could not save your public key in %s: %s", pub_tmp, strerror(errno)); goto failnext; } (void)fchmod(fd, 0644); (void)close(fd); if ((r = sshkey_save_public(public, pub_tmp, comment)) != 0) { error_r(r, "Unable to save public key to %s", identity_file); goto failnext; } /* Rename temporary files to their permanent locations. */ if (rename(pub_tmp, pub_file) != 0) { error("Unable to move %s into position: %s", pub_file, strerror(errno)); goto failnext; } if (rename(prv_tmp, prv_file) != 0) { error("Unable to move %s into position: %s", key_types[i].path, strerror(errno)); failnext: first = 0; goto next; } next: sshkey_free(private); sshkey_free(public); free(prv_tmp); free(pub_tmp); free(prv_file); free(pub_file); } if (first != 0) printf("\n"); } struct known_hosts_ctx { const char *host; /* Hostname searched for in find/delete case */ FILE *out; /* Output file, stdout for find_hosts case */ int has_unhashed; /* When hashing, original had unhashed hosts */ int found_key; /* For find/delete, host was found */ int invalid; /* File contained invalid items; don't delete */ int hash_hosts; /* Hash hostnames as we go */ int find_host; /* Search for specific hostname */ int delete_host; /* Delete host from known_hosts */ }; static int known_hosts_hash(struct hostkey_foreach_line *l, void *_ctx) { struct known_hosts_ctx *ctx = (struct known_hosts_ctx *)_ctx; char *hashed, *cp, *hosts, *ohosts; int has_wild = l->hosts && strcspn(l->hosts, "*?!") != strlen(l->hosts); int was_hashed = l->hosts && l->hosts[0] == HASH_DELIM; switch (l->status) { case HKF_STATUS_OK: case HKF_STATUS_MATCHED: /* * Don't hash hosts already hashed, with wildcard * characters or a CA/revocation marker. */ if (was_hashed || has_wild || l->marker != MRK_NONE) { fprintf(ctx->out, "%s\n", l->line); if (has_wild && !ctx->find_host) { logit("%s:%lu: ignoring host name " "with wildcard: %.64s", l->path, l->linenum, l->hosts); } return 0; } /* * Split any comma-separated hostnames from the host list, * hash and store separately. */ ohosts = hosts = xstrdup(l->hosts); while ((cp = strsep(&hosts, ",")) != NULL && *cp != '\0') { lowercase(cp); if ((hashed = host_hash(cp, NULL, 0)) == NULL) fatal("hash_host failed"); fprintf(ctx->out, "%s %s\n", hashed, l->rawkey); free(hashed); ctx->has_unhashed = 1; } free(ohosts); return 0; case HKF_STATUS_INVALID: /* Retain invalid lines, but mark file as invalid. */ ctx->invalid = 1; logit("%s:%lu: invalid line", l->path, l->linenum); /* FALLTHROUGH */ default: fprintf(ctx->out, "%s\n", l->line); return 0; } /* NOTREACHED */ return -1; } static int known_hosts_find_delete(struct hostkey_foreach_line *l, void *_ctx) { struct known_hosts_ctx *ctx = (struct known_hosts_ctx *)_ctx; enum sshkey_fp_rep rep; int fptype; char *fp = NULL, *ra = NULL; fptype = print_bubblebabble ? SSH_DIGEST_SHA1 : fingerprint_hash; rep = print_bubblebabble ? SSH_FP_BUBBLEBABBLE : SSH_FP_DEFAULT; if (l->status == HKF_STATUS_MATCHED) { if (ctx->delete_host) { if (l->marker != MRK_NONE) { /* Don't remove CA and revocation lines */ fprintf(ctx->out, "%s\n", l->line); } else { /* * Hostname matches and has no CA/revoke * marker, delete it by *not* writing the * line to ctx->out. */ ctx->found_key = 1; if (!quiet) printf("# Host %s found: line %lu\n", ctx->host, l->linenum); } return 0; } else if (ctx->find_host) { ctx->found_key = 1; if (!quiet) { printf("# Host %s found: line %lu %s\n", ctx->host, l->linenum, l->marker == MRK_CA ? "CA" : (l->marker == MRK_REVOKE ? "REVOKED" : "")); } if (ctx->hash_hosts) known_hosts_hash(l, ctx); else if (print_fingerprint) { fp = sshkey_fingerprint(l->key, fptype, rep); ra = sshkey_fingerprint(l->key, fingerprint_hash, SSH_FP_RANDOMART); if (fp == NULL || ra == NULL) fatal_f("sshkey_fingerprint failed"); mprintf("%s %s %s%s%s\n", ctx->host, sshkey_type(l->key), fp, l->comment[0] ? " " : "", l->comment); if (log_level_get() >= SYSLOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE) printf("%s\n", ra); free(ra); free(fp); } else fprintf(ctx->out, "%s\n", l->line); return 0; } } else if (ctx->delete_host) { /* Retain non-matching hosts when deleting */ if (l->status == HKF_STATUS_INVALID) { ctx->invalid = 1; logit("%s:%lu: invalid line", l->path, l->linenum); } fprintf(ctx->out, "%s\n", l->line); } return 0; } static void do_known_hosts(struct passwd *pw, const char *name, int find_host, int delete_host, int hash_hosts) { char *cp, tmp[PATH_MAX], old[PATH_MAX]; int r, fd, oerrno, inplace = 0; struct known_hosts_ctx ctx; u_int foreach_options; struct stat sb; if (!have_identity) { cp = tilde_expand_filename(_PATH_SSH_USER_HOSTFILE, pw->pw_uid); if (strlcpy(identity_file, cp, sizeof(identity_file)) >= sizeof(identity_file)) fatal("Specified known hosts path too long"); free(cp); have_identity = 1; } if (stat(identity_file, &sb) != 0) fatal("Cannot stat %s: %s", identity_file, strerror(errno)); memset(&ctx, 0, sizeof(ctx)); ctx.out = stdout; ctx.host = name; ctx.hash_hosts = hash_hosts; ctx.find_host = find_host; ctx.delete_host = delete_host; /* * Find hosts goes to stdout, hash and deletions happen in-place * A corner case is ssh-keygen -HF foo, which should go to stdout */ if (!find_host && (hash_hosts || delete_host)) { if (strlcpy(tmp, identity_file, sizeof(tmp)) >= sizeof(tmp) || strlcat(tmp, ".XXXXXXXXXX", sizeof(tmp)) >= sizeof(tmp) || strlcpy(old, identity_file, sizeof(old)) >= sizeof(old) || strlcat(old, ".old", sizeof(old)) >= sizeof(old)) fatal("known_hosts path too long"); umask(077); if ((fd = mkstemp(tmp)) == -1) fatal("mkstemp: %s", strerror(errno)); if ((ctx.out = fdopen(fd, "w")) == NULL) { oerrno = errno; unlink(tmp); fatal("fdopen: %s", strerror(oerrno)); } (void)fchmod(fd, sb.st_mode & 0644); inplace = 1; } /* XXX support identity_file == "-" for stdin */ foreach_options = find_host ? HKF_WANT_MATCH : 0; foreach_options |= print_fingerprint ? HKF_WANT_PARSE_KEY : 0; if ((r = hostkeys_foreach(identity_file, (find_host || !hash_hosts) ? known_hosts_find_delete : known_hosts_hash, &ctx, name, NULL, foreach_options, 0)) != 0) { if (inplace) unlink(tmp); fatal_fr(r, "hostkeys_foreach"); } if (inplace) fclose(ctx.out); if (ctx.invalid) { error("%s is not a valid known_hosts file.", identity_file); if (inplace) { error("Not replacing existing known_hosts " "file because of errors"); unlink(tmp); } exit(1); } else if (delete_host && !ctx.found_key) { logit("Host %s not found in %s", name, identity_file); if (inplace) unlink(tmp); } else if (inplace) { /* Backup existing file */ if (unlink(old) == -1 && errno != ENOENT) fatal("unlink %.100s: %s", old, strerror(errno)); if (link(identity_file, old) == -1) fatal("link %.100s to %.100s: %s", identity_file, old, strerror(errno)); /* Move new one into place */ if (rename(tmp, identity_file) == -1) { error("rename\"%s\" to \"%s\": %s", tmp, identity_file, strerror(errno)); unlink(tmp); unlink(old); exit(1); } printf("%s updated.\n", identity_file); printf("Original contents retained as %s\n", old); if (ctx.has_unhashed) { logit("WARNING: %s contains unhashed entries", old); logit("Delete this file to ensure privacy " "of hostnames"); } } exit (find_host && !ctx.found_key); } /* * Perform changing a passphrase. The argument is the passwd structure * for the current user. */ static void do_change_passphrase(struct passwd *pw) { char *comment; char *old_passphrase, *passphrase1, *passphrase2; struct stat st; struct sshkey *private; int r; if (!have_identity) ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is"); if (stat(identity_file, &st) == -1) fatal("%s: %s", identity_file, strerror(errno)); /* Try to load the file with empty passphrase. */ r = sshkey_load_private(identity_file, "", &private, &comment); if (r == SSH_ERR_KEY_WRONG_PASSPHRASE) { if (identity_passphrase) old_passphrase = xstrdup(identity_passphrase); else old_passphrase = read_passphrase("Enter old passphrase: ", RP_ALLOW_STDIN); r = sshkey_load_private(identity_file, old_passphrase, &private, &comment); freezero(old_passphrase, strlen(old_passphrase)); if (r != 0) goto badkey; } else if (r != 0) { badkey: fatal_r(r, "Failed to load key %s", identity_file); } if (comment) mprintf("Key has comment '%s'\n", comment); /* Ask the new passphrase (twice). */ if (identity_new_passphrase) { passphrase1 = xstrdup(identity_new_passphrase); passphrase2 = NULL; } else { passphrase1 = read_passphrase("Enter new passphrase (empty for no " "passphrase): ", RP_ALLOW_STDIN); passphrase2 = read_passphrase("Enter same passphrase again: ", RP_ALLOW_STDIN); /* Verify that they are the same. */ if (strcmp(passphrase1, passphrase2) != 0) { explicit_bzero(passphrase1, strlen(passphrase1)); explicit_bzero(passphrase2, strlen(passphrase2)); free(passphrase1); free(passphrase2); printf("Pass phrases do not match. Try again.\n"); exit(1); } /* Destroy the other copy. */ freezero(passphrase2, strlen(passphrase2)); } /* Save the file using the new passphrase. */ if ((r = sshkey_save_private(private, identity_file, passphrase1, comment, private_key_format, openssh_format_cipher, rounds)) != 0) { error_r(r, "Saving key \"%s\" failed", identity_file); freezero(passphrase1, strlen(passphrase1)); sshkey_free(private); free(comment); exit(1); } /* Destroy the passphrase and the copy of the key in memory. */ freezero(passphrase1, strlen(passphrase1)); sshkey_free(private); /* Destroys contents */ free(comment); printf("Your identification has been saved with the new passphrase.\n"); exit(0); } /* * Print the SSHFP RR. */ static int do_print_resource_record(struct passwd *pw, char *fname, char *hname, int print_generic, char * const *opts, size_t nopts) { struct sshkey *public; char *comment = NULL; struct stat st; int r, hash = -1; size_t i; for (i = 0; i < nopts; i++) { if (strncasecmp(opts[i], "hashalg=", 8) == 0) { if ((hash = ssh_digest_alg_by_name(opts[i] + 8)) == -1) fatal("Unsupported hash algorithm"); } else { error("Invalid option \"%s\"", opts[i]); return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT; } } if (fname == NULL) fatal_f("no filename"); if (stat(fname, &st) == -1) { if (errno == ENOENT) return 0; fatal("%s: %s", fname, strerror(errno)); } if ((r = sshkey_load_public(fname, &public, &comment)) != 0) fatal_r(r, "Failed to read v2 public key from \"%s\"", fname); export_dns_rr(hname, public, stdout, print_generic, hash); sshkey_free(public); free(comment); return 1; } /* * Change the comment of a private key file. */ static void do_change_comment(struct passwd *pw, const char *identity_comment) { char new_comment[1024], *comment, *passphrase; struct sshkey *private; struct sshkey *public; struct stat st; int r; if (!have_identity) ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is"); if (stat(identity_file, &st) == -1) fatal("%s: %s", identity_file, strerror(errno)); if ((r = sshkey_load_private(identity_file, "", &private, &comment)) == 0) passphrase = xstrdup(""); else if (r != SSH_ERR_KEY_WRONG_PASSPHRASE) fatal_r(r, "Cannot load private key \"%s\"", identity_file); else { if (identity_passphrase) passphrase = xstrdup(identity_passphrase); else if (identity_new_passphrase) passphrase = xstrdup(identity_new_passphrase); else passphrase = read_passphrase("Enter passphrase: ", RP_ALLOW_STDIN); /* Try to load using the passphrase. */ if ((r = sshkey_load_private(identity_file, passphrase, &private, &comment)) != 0) { freezero(passphrase, strlen(passphrase)); fatal_r(r, "Cannot load private key \"%s\"", identity_file); } } if (private->type != KEY_ED25519 && private->type != KEY_XMSS && private_key_format != SSHKEY_PRIVATE_OPENSSH) { error("Comments are only supported for keys stored in " "the new format (-o)."); explicit_bzero(passphrase, strlen(passphrase)); sshkey_free(private); exit(1); } if (comment) printf("Old comment: %s\n", comment); else printf("No existing comment\n"); if (identity_comment) { strlcpy(new_comment, identity_comment, sizeof(new_comment)); } else { printf("New comment: "); fflush(stdout); if (!fgets(new_comment, sizeof(new_comment), stdin)) { explicit_bzero(passphrase, strlen(passphrase)); sshkey_free(private); exit(1); } new_comment[strcspn(new_comment, "\n")] = '\0'; } if (comment != NULL && strcmp(comment, new_comment) == 0) { printf("No change to comment\n"); free(passphrase); sshkey_free(private); free(comment); exit(0); } /* Save the file using the new passphrase. */ if ((r = sshkey_save_private(private, identity_file, passphrase, new_comment, private_key_format, openssh_format_cipher, rounds)) != 0) { error_r(r, "Saving key \"%s\" failed", identity_file); freezero(passphrase, strlen(passphrase)); sshkey_free(private); free(comment); exit(1); } freezero(passphrase, strlen(passphrase)); if ((r = sshkey_from_private(private, &public)) != 0) fatal_fr(r, "sshkey_from_private"); sshkey_free(private); strlcat(identity_file, ".pub", sizeof(identity_file)); if ((r = sshkey_save_public(public, identity_file, new_comment)) != 0) fatal_r(r, "Unable to save public key to %s", identity_file); sshkey_free(public); free(comment); if (strlen(new_comment) > 0) printf("Comment '%s' applied\n", new_comment); else printf("Comment removed\n"); exit(0); } static void cert_ext_add(const char *key, const char *value, int iscrit) { cert_ext = xreallocarray(cert_ext, ncert_ext + 1, sizeof(*cert_ext)); cert_ext[ncert_ext].key = xstrdup(key); cert_ext[ncert_ext].val = value == NULL ? NULL : xstrdup(value); cert_ext[ncert_ext].crit = iscrit; ncert_ext++; } /* qsort(3) comparison function for certificate extensions */ static int cert_ext_cmp(const void *_a, const void *_b) { const struct cert_ext *a = (const struct cert_ext *)_a; const struct cert_ext *b = (const struct cert_ext *)_b; int r; if (a->crit != b->crit) return (a->crit < b->crit) ? -1 : 1; if ((r = strcmp(a->key, b->key)) != 0) return r; if ((a->val == NULL) != (b->val == NULL)) return (a->val == NULL) ? -1 : 1; if (a->val != NULL && (r = strcmp(a->val, b->val)) != 0) return r; return 0; } #define OPTIONS_CRITICAL 1 #define OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS 2 static void prepare_options_buf(struct sshbuf *c, int which) { struct sshbuf *b; size_t i; int r; const struct cert_ext *ext; if ((b = sshbuf_new()) == NULL) fatal_f("sshbuf_new failed"); sshbuf_reset(c); for (i = 0; i < ncert_ext; i++) { ext = &cert_ext[i]; if ((ext->crit && (which & OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS)) || (!ext->crit && (which & OPTIONS_CRITICAL))) continue; if (ext->val == NULL) { /* flag option */ debug3_f("%s", ext->key); if ((r = sshbuf_put_cstring(c, ext->key)) != 0 || (r = sshbuf_put_string(c, NULL, 0)) != 0) fatal_fr(r, "prepare flag"); } else { /* key/value option */ debug3_f("%s=%s", ext->key, ext->val); sshbuf_reset(b); if ((r = sshbuf_put_cstring(c, ext->key)) != 0 || (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, ext->val)) != 0 || (r = sshbuf_put_stringb(c, b)) != 0) fatal_fr(r, "prepare k/v"); } } sshbuf_free(b); } static void finalise_cert_exts(void) { /* critical options */ if (certflags_command != NULL) cert_ext_add("force-command", certflags_command, 1); if (certflags_src_addr != NULL) cert_ext_add("source-address", certflags_src_addr, 1); if ((certflags_flags & CERTOPT_REQUIRE_VERIFY) != 0) cert_ext_add("verify-required", NULL, 1); /* extensions */ if ((certflags_flags & CERTOPT_X_FWD) != 0) cert_ext_add("permit-X11-forwarding", NULL, 0); if ((certflags_flags & CERTOPT_AGENT_FWD) != 0) cert_ext_add("permit-agent-forwarding", NULL, 0); if ((certflags_flags & CERTOPT_PORT_FWD) != 0) cert_ext_add("permit-port-forwarding", NULL, 0); if ((certflags_flags & CERTOPT_PTY) != 0) cert_ext_add("permit-pty", NULL, 0); if ((certflags_flags & CERTOPT_USER_RC) != 0) cert_ext_add("permit-user-rc", NULL, 0); if ((certflags_flags & CERTOPT_NO_REQUIRE_USER_PRESENCE) != 0) cert_ext_add("no-touch-required", NULL, 0); /* order lexically by key */ if (ncert_ext > 0) qsort(cert_ext, ncert_ext, sizeof(*cert_ext), cert_ext_cmp); } static struct sshkey * load_pkcs11_key(char *path) { #ifdef ENABLE_PKCS11 struct sshkey **keys = NULL, *public, *private = NULL; int r, i, nkeys; if ((r = sshkey_load_public(path, &public, NULL)) != 0) fatal_r(r, "Couldn't load CA public key \"%s\"", path); nkeys = pkcs11_add_provider(pkcs11provider, identity_passphrase, &keys, NULL); debug3_f("%d keys", nkeys); if (nkeys <= 0) fatal("cannot read public key from pkcs11"); for (i = 0; i < nkeys; i++) { if (sshkey_equal_public(public, keys[i])) { private = keys[i]; continue; } sshkey_free(keys[i]); } free(keys); sshkey_free(public); return private; #else fatal("no pkcs11 support"); #endif /* ENABLE_PKCS11 */ } /* Signer for sshkey_certify_custom that uses the agent */ static int agent_signer(struct sshkey *key, u_char **sigp, size_t *lenp, const u_char *data, size_t datalen, const char *alg, const char *provider, const char *pin, u_int compat, void *ctx) { int *agent_fdp = (int *)ctx; return ssh_agent_sign(*agent_fdp, key, sigp, lenp, data, datalen, alg, compat); } static void do_ca_sign(struct passwd *pw, const char *ca_key_path, int prefer_agent, unsigned long long cert_serial, int cert_serial_autoinc, int argc, char **argv) { int r, i, found, agent_fd = -1; u_int n; struct sshkey *ca, *public; char valid[64], *otmp, *tmp, *cp, *out, *comment; char *ca_fp = NULL, **plist = NULL, *pin = NULL; struct ssh_identitylist *agent_ids; size_t j; struct notifier_ctx *notifier = NULL; #ifdef ENABLE_PKCS11 pkcs11_init(1); #endif tmp = tilde_expand_filename(ca_key_path, pw->pw_uid); if (pkcs11provider != NULL) { /* If a PKCS#11 token was specified then try to use it */ if ((ca = load_pkcs11_key(tmp)) == NULL) fatal("No PKCS#11 key matching %s found", ca_key_path); } else if (prefer_agent) { /* * Agent signature requested. Try to use agent after making * sure the public key specified is actually present in the * agent. */ if ((r = sshkey_load_public(tmp, &ca, NULL)) != 0) fatal_r(r, "Cannot load CA public key %s", tmp); if ((r = ssh_get_authentication_socket(&agent_fd)) != 0) fatal_r(r, "Cannot use public key for CA signature"); if ((r = ssh_fetch_identitylist(agent_fd, &agent_ids)) != 0) fatal_r(r, "Retrieve agent key list"); found = 0; for (j = 0; j < agent_ids->nkeys; j++) { if (sshkey_equal(ca, agent_ids->keys[j])) { found = 1; break; } } if (!found) fatal("CA key %s not found in agent", tmp); ssh_free_identitylist(agent_ids); ca->flags |= SSHKEY_FLAG_EXT; } else { /* CA key is assumed to be a private key on the filesystem */ ca = load_identity(tmp, NULL); if (sshkey_is_sk(ca) && (ca->sk_flags & SSH_SK_USER_VERIFICATION_REQD)) { if ((pin = read_passphrase("Enter PIN for CA key: ", RP_ALLOW_STDIN)) == NULL) fatal_f("couldn't read PIN"); } } free(tmp); if (key_type_name != NULL) { if (sshkey_type_from_name(key_type_name) != ca->type) { fatal("CA key type %s doesn't match specified %s", sshkey_ssh_name(ca), key_type_name); } } else if (ca->type == KEY_RSA) { /* Default to a good signature algorithm */ key_type_name = "rsa-sha2-512"; } ca_fp = sshkey_fingerprint(ca, fingerprint_hash, SSH_FP_DEFAULT); finalise_cert_exts(); for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) { /* Split list of principals */ n = 0; if (cert_principals != NULL) { otmp = tmp = xstrdup(cert_principals); plist = NULL; for (; (cp = strsep(&tmp, ",")) != NULL; n++) { plist = xreallocarray(plist, n + 1, sizeof(*plist)); if (*(plist[n] = xstrdup(cp)) == '\0') fatal("Empty principal name"); } free(otmp); } if (n > SSHKEY_CERT_MAX_PRINCIPALS) fatal("Too many certificate principals specified"); tmp = tilde_expand_filename(argv[i], pw->pw_uid); if ((r = sshkey_load_public(tmp, &public, &comment)) != 0) fatal_r(r, "load pubkey \"%s\"", tmp); if (sshkey_is_cert(public)) fatal_f("key \"%s\" type %s cannot be certified", tmp, sshkey_type(public)); /* Prepare certificate to sign */ if ((r = sshkey_to_certified(public)) != 0) fatal_r(r, "Could not upgrade key %s to certificate", tmp); public->cert->type = cert_key_type; public->cert->serial = (u_int64_t)cert_serial; public->cert->key_id = xstrdup(cert_key_id); public->cert->nprincipals = n; public->cert->principals = plist; public->cert->valid_after = cert_valid_from; public->cert->valid_before = cert_valid_to; prepare_options_buf(public->cert->critical, OPTIONS_CRITICAL); prepare_options_buf(public->cert->extensions, OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS); if ((r = sshkey_from_private(ca, &public->cert->signature_key)) != 0) fatal_r(r, "sshkey_from_private (ca key)"); if (agent_fd != -1 && (ca->flags & SSHKEY_FLAG_EXT) != 0) { if ((r = sshkey_certify_custom(public, ca, key_type_name, sk_provider, NULL, agent_signer, &agent_fd)) != 0) fatal_r(r, "Couldn't certify %s via agent", tmp); } else { if (sshkey_is_sk(ca) && (ca->sk_flags & SSH_SK_USER_PRESENCE_REQD)) { notifier = notify_start(0, "Confirm user presence for key %s %s", sshkey_type(ca), ca_fp); } r = sshkey_certify(public, ca, key_type_name, sk_provider, pin); notify_complete(notifier, "User presence confirmed"); if (r != 0) fatal_r(r, "Couldn't certify key %s", tmp); } if ((cp = strrchr(tmp, '.')) != NULL && strcmp(cp, ".pub") == 0) *cp = '\0'; xasprintf(&out, "%s-cert.pub", tmp); free(tmp); if ((r = sshkey_save_public(public, out, comment)) != 0) { fatal_r(r, "Unable to save public key to %s", identity_file); } if (!quiet) { sshkey_format_cert_validity(public->cert, valid, sizeof(valid)); logit("Signed %s key %s: id \"%s\" serial %llu%s%s " "valid %s", sshkey_cert_type(public), out, public->cert->key_id, (unsigned long long)public->cert->serial, cert_principals != NULL ? " for " : "", cert_principals != NULL ? cert_principals : "", valid); } sshkey_free(public); free(out); if (cert_serial_autoinc) cert_serial++; } if (pin != NULL) freezero(pin, strlen(pin)); free(ca_fp); #ifdef ENABLE_PKCS11 pkcs11_terminate(); #endif exit(0); } static u_int64_t parse_relative_time(const char *s, time_t now) { int64_t mul, secs; mul = *s == '-' ? -1 : 1; if ((secs = convtime(s + 1)) == -1) fatal("Invalid relative certificate time %s", s); if (mul == -1 && secs > now) fatal("Certificate time %s cannot be represented", s); return now + (u_int64_t)(secs * mul); } static void parse_hex_u64(const char *s, uint64_t *up) { char *ep; unsigned long long ull; errno = 0; ull = strtoull(s, &ep, 16); if (*s == '\0' || *ep != '\0') fatal("Invalid certificate time: not a number"); if (errno == ERANGE && ull == ULONG_MAX) fatal_fr(SSH_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR, "Invalid certificate time"); *up = (uint64_t)ull; } static void parse_cert_times(char *timespec) { char *from, *to; time_t now = time(NULL); int64_t secs; /* +timespec relative to now */ if (*timespec == '+' && strchr(timespec, ':') == NULL) { if ((secs = convtime(timespec + 1)) == -1) fatal("Invalid relative certificate life %s", timespec); cert_valid_to = now + secs; /* * Backdate certificate one minute to avoid problems on hosts * with poorly-synchronised clocks. */ cert_valid_from = ((now - 59)/ 60) * 60; return; } /* * from:to, where * from := [+-]timespec | YYYYMMDD | YYYYMMDDHHMMSS | 0x... | "always" * to := [+-]timespec | YYYYMMDD | YYYYMMDDHHMMSS | 0x... | "forever" */ from = xstrdup(timespec); to = strchr(from, ':'); if (to == NULL || from == to || *(to + 1) == '\0') fatal("Invalid certificate life specification %s", timespec); *to++ = '\0'; if (*from == '-' || *from == '+') cert_valid_from = parse_relative_time(from, now); else if (strcmp(from, "always") == 0) cert_valid_from = 0; else if (strncmp(from, "0x", 2) == 0) parse_hex_u64(from, &cert_valid_from); else if (parse_absolute_time(from, &cert_valid_from) != 0) fatal("Invalid from time \"%s\"", from); if (*to == '-' || *to == '+') cert_valid_to = parse_relative_time(to, now); else if (strcmp(to, "forever") == 0) cert_valid_to = ~(u_int64_t)0; else if (strncmp(to, "0x", 2) == 0) parse_hex_u64(to, &cert_valid_to); else if (parse_absolute_time(to, &cert_valid_to) != 0) fatal("Invalid to time \"%s\"", to); if (cert_valid_to <= cert_valid_from) fatal("Empty certificate validity interval"); free(from); } static void add_cert_option(char *opt) { char *val, *cp; int iscrit = 0; if (strcasecmp(opt, "clear") == 0) certflags_flags = 0; else if (strcasecmp(opt, "no-x11-forwarding") == 0) certflags_flags &= ~CERTOPT_X_FWD; else if (strcasecmp(opt, "permit-x11-forwarding") == 0) certflags_flags |= CERTOPT_X_FWD; else if (strcasecmp(opt, "no-agent-forwarding") == 0) certflags_flags &= ~CERTOPT_AGENT_FWD; else if (strcasecmp(opt, "permit-agent-forwarding") == 0) certflags_flags |= CERTOPT_AGENT_FWD; else if (strcasecmp(opt, "no-port-forwarding") == 0) certflags_flags &= ~CERTOPT_PORT_FWD; else if (strcasecmp(opt, "permit-port-forwarding") == 0) certflags_flags |= CERTOPT_PORT_FWD; else if (strcasecmp(opt, "no-pty") == 0) certflags_flags &= ~CERTOPT_PTY; else if (strcasecmp(opt, "permit-pty") == 0) certflags_flags |= CERTOPT_PTY; else if (strcasecmp(opt, "no-user-rc") == 0) certflags_flags &= ~CERTOPT_USER_RC; else if (strcasecmp(opt, "permit-user-rc") == 0) certflags_flags |= CERTOPT_USER_RC; else if (strcasecmp(opt, "touch-required") == 0) certflags_flags &= ~CERTOPT_NO_REQUIRE_USER_PRESENCE; else if (strcasecmp(opt, "no-touch-required") == 0) certflags_flags |= CERTOPT_NO_REQUIRE_USER_PRESENCE; else if (strcasecmp(opt, "no-verify-required") == 0) certflags_flags &= ~CERTOPT_REQUIRE_VERIFY; else if (strcasecmp(opt, "verify-required") == 0) certflags_flags |= CERTOPT_REQUIRE_VERIFY; else if (strncasecmp(opt, "force-command=", 14) == 0) { val = opt + 14; if (*val == '\0') fatal("Empty force-command option"); if (certflags_command != NULL) fatal("force-command already specified"); certflags_command = xstrdup(val); } else if (strncasecmp(opt, "source-address=", 15) == 0) { val = opt + 15; if (*val == '\0') fatal("Empty source-address option"); if (certflags_src_addr != NULL) fatal("source-address already specified"); if (addr_match_cidr_list(NULL, val) != 0) fatal("Invalid source-address list"); certflags_src_addr = xstrdup(val); } else if (strncasecmp(opt, "extension:", 10) == 0 || (iscrit = (strncasecmp(opt, "critical:", 9) == 0))) { val = xstrdup(strchr(opt, ':') + 1); if ((cp = strchr(val, '=')) != NULL) *cp++ = '\0'; cert_ext_add(val, cp, iscrit); free(val); } else fatal("Unsupported certificate option \"%s\"", opt); } static void show_options(struct sshbuf *optbuf, int in_critical) { char *name, *arg, *hex; struct sshbuf *options, *option = NULL; int r; if ((options = sshbuf_fromb(optbuf)) == NULL) fatal_f("sshbuf_fromb failed"); while (sshbuf_len(options) != 0) { sshbuf_free(option); option = NULL; if ((r = sshbuf_get_cstring(options, &name, NULL)) != 0 || (r = sshbuf_froms(options, &option)) != 0) fatal_fr(r, "parse option"); printf(" %s", name); if (!in_critical && (strcmp(name, "permit-X11-forwarding") == 0 || strcmp(name, "permit-agent-forwarding") == 0 || strcmp(name, "permit-port-forwarding") == 0 || strcmp(name, "permit-pty") == 0 || strcmp(name, "permit-user-rc") == 0 || strcmp(name, "no-touch-required") == 0)) { printf("\n"); } else if (in_critical && (strcmp(name, "force-command") == 0 || strcmp(name, "source-address") == 0)) { if ((r = sshbuf_get_cstring(option, &arg, NULL)) != 0) fatal_fr(r, "parse critical"); printf(" %s\n", arg); free(arg); } else if (in_critical && strcmp(name, "verify-required") == 0) { printf("\n"); } else if (sshbuf_len(option) > 0) { hex = sshbuf_dtob16(option); printf(" UNKNOWN OPTION: %s (len %zu)\n", hex, sshbuf_len(option)); sshbuf_reset(option); free(hex); } else printf(" UNKNOWN FLAG OPTION\n"); free(name); if (sshbuf_len(option) != 0) fatal("Option corrupt: extra data at end"); } sshbuf_free(option); sshbuf_free(options); } static void print_cert(struct sshkey *key) { char valid[64], *key_fp, *ca_fp; u_int i; key_fp = sshkey_fingerprint(key, fingerprint_hash, SSH_FP_DEFAULT); ca_fp = sshkey_fingerprint(key->cert->signature_key, fingerprint_hash, SSH_FP_DEFAULT); if (key_fp == NULL || ca_fp == NULL) fatal_f("sshkey_fingerprint fail"); sshkey_format_cert_validity(key->cert, valid, sizeof(valid)); printf(" Type: %s %s certificate\n", sshkey_ssh_name(key), sshkey_cert_type(key)); printf(" Public key: %s %s\n", sshkey_type(key), key_fp); printf(" Signing CA: %s %s (using %s)\n", sshkey_type(key->cert->signature_key), ca_fp, key->cert->signature_type); printf(" Key ID: \"%s\"\n", key->cert->key_id); printf(" Serial: %llu\n", (unsigned long long)key->cert->serial); printf(" Valid: %s\n", valid); printf(" Principals: "); if (key->cert->nprincipals == 0) printf("(none)\n"); else { for (i = 0; i < key->cert->nprincipals; i++) printf("\n %s", key->cert->principals[i]); printf("\n"); } printf(" Critical Options: "); if (sshbuf_len(key->cert->critical) == 0) printf("(none)\n"); else { printf("\n"); show_options(key->cert->critical, 1); } printf(" Extensions: "); if (sshbuf_len(key->cert->extensions) == 0) printf("(none)\n"); else { printf("\n"); show_options(key->cert->extensions, 0); } } static void do_show_cert(struct passwd *pw) { struct sshkey *key = NULL; struct stat st; int r, is_stdin = 0, ok = 0; FILE *f; char *cp, *line = NULL; const char *path; size_t linesize = 0; u_long lnum = 0; if (!have_identity) ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is"); if (strcmp(identity_file, "-") != 0 && stat(identity_file, &st) == -1) fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno)); path = identity_file; if (strcmp(path, "-") == 0) { f = stdin; path = "(stdin)"; is_stdin = 1; } else if ((f = fopen(identity_file, "r")) == NULL) fatal("fopen %s: %s", identity_file, strerror(errno)); while (getline(&line, &linesize, f) != -1) { lnum++; sshkey_free(key); key = NULL; /* Trim leading space and comments */ cp = line + strspn(line, " \t"); if (*cp == '#' || *cp == '\0') continue; if ((key = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL) fatal("sshkey_new"); if ((r = sshkey_read(key, &cp)) != 0) { error_r(r, "%s:%lu: invalid key", path, lnum); continue; } if (!sshkey_is_cert(key)) { error("%s:%lu is not a certificate", path, lnum); continue; } ok = 1; if (!is_stdin && lnum == 1) printf("%s:\n", path); else printf("%s:%lu:\n", path, lnum); print_cert(key); } free(line); sshkey_free(key); fclose(f); exit(ok ? 0 : 1); } static void load_krl(const char *path, struct ssh_krl **krlp) { struct sshbuf *krlbuf; int r; if ((r = sshbuf_load_file(path, &krlbuf)) != 0) fatal_r(r, "Unable to load KRL %s", path); /* XXX check sigs */ if ((r = ssh_krl_from_blob(krlbuf, krlp, NULL, 0)) != 0 || *krlp == NULL) fatal_r(r, "Invalid KRL file %s", path); sshbuf_free(krlbuf); } static void hash_to_blob(const char *cp, u_char **blobp, size_t *lenp, const char *file, u_long lnum) { char *tmp; size_t tlen; struct sshbuf *b; int r; if (strncmp(cp, "SHA256:", 7) != 0) fatal("%s:%lu: unsupported hash algorithm", file, lnum); cp += 7; /* * OpenSSH base64 hashes omit trailing '=' * characters; put them back for decode. */ tlen = strlen(cp); tmp = xmalloc(tlen + 4 + 1); strlcpy(tmp, cp, tlen + 1); while ((tlen % 4) != 0) { tmp[tlen++] = '='; tmp[tlen] = '\0'; } if ((b = sshbuf_new()) == NULL) fatal_f("sshbuf_new failed"); if ((r = sshbuf_b64tod(b, tmp)) != 0) fatal_r(r, "%s:%lu: decode hash failed", file, lnum); free(tmp); *lenp = sshbuf_len(b); *blobp = xmalloc(*lenp); memcpy(*blobp, sshbuf_ptr(b), *lenp); sshbuf_free(b); } static void update_krl_from_file(struct passwd *pw, const char *file, int wild_ca, const struct sshkey *ca, struct ssh_krl *krl) { struct sshkey *key = NULL; u_long lnum = 0; char *path, *cp, *ep, *line = NULL; u_char *blob = NULL; size_t blen = 0, linesize = 0; unsigned long long serial, serial2; int i, was_explicit_key, was_sha1, was_sha256, was_hash, r; FILE *krl_spec; path = tilde_expand_filename(file, pw->pw_uid); if (strcmp(path, "-") == 0) { krl_spec = stdin; free(path); path = xstrdup("(standard input)"); } else if ((krl_spec = fopen(path, "r")) == NULL) fatal("fopen %s: %s", path, strerror(errno)); if (!quiet) printf("Revoking from %s\n", path); while (getline(&line, &linesize, krl_spec) != -1) { lnum++; was_explicit_key = was_sha1 = was_sha256 = was_hash = 0; cp = line + strspn(line, " \t"); /* Trim trailing space, comments and strip \n */ for (i = 0, r = -1; cp[i] != '\0'; i++) { if (cp[i] == '#' || cp[i] == '\n') { cp[i] = '\0'; break; } if (cp[i] == ' ' || cp[i] == '\t') { /* Remember the start of a span of whitespace */ if (r == -1) r = i; } else r = -1; } if (r != -1) cp[r] = '\0'; if (*cp == '\0') continue; if (strncasecmp(cp, "serial:", 7) == 0) { if (ca == NULL && !wild_ca) { fatal("revoking certificates by serial number " "requires specification of a CA key"); } cp += 7; cp = cp + strspn(cp, " \t"); errno = 0; serial = strtoull(cp, &ep, 0); if (*cp == '\0' || (*ep != '\0' && *ep != '-')) fatal("%s:%lu: invalid serial \"%s\"", path, lnum, cp); if (errno == ERANGE && serial == ULLONG_MAX) fatal("%s:%lu: serial out of range", path, lnum); serial2 = serial; if (*ep == '-') { cp = ep + 1; errno = 0; serial2 = strtoull(cp, &ep, 0); if (*cp == '\0' || *ep != '\0') fatal("%s:%lu: invalid serial \"%s\"", path, lnum, cp); if (errno == ERANGE && serial2 == ULLONG_MAX) fatal("%s:%lu: serial out of range", path, lnum); if (serial2 <= serial) fatal("%s:%lu: invalid serial range " "%llu:%llu", path, lnum, (unsigned long long)serial, (unsigned long long)serial2); } if (ssh_krl_revoke_cert_by_serial_range(krl, ca, serial, serial2) != 0) { fatal_f("revoke serial failed"); } } else if (strncasecmp(cp, "id:", 3) == 0) { if (ca == NULL && !wild_ca) { fatal("revoking certificates by key ID " "requires specification of a CA key"); } cp += 3; cp = cp + strspn(cp, " \t"); if (ssh_krl_revoke_cert_by_key_id(krl, ca, cp) != 0) fatal_f("revoke key ID failed"); } else if (strncasecmp(cp, "hash:", 5) == 0) { cp += 5; cp = cp + strspn(cp, " \t"); hash_to_blob(cp, &blob, &blen, file, lnum); r = ssh_krl_revoke_key_sha256(krl, blob, blen); if (r != 0) fatal_fr(r, "revoke key failed"); } else { if (strncasecmp(cp, "key:", 4) == 0) { cp += 4; cp = cp + strspn(cp, " \t"); was_explicit_key = 1; } else if (strncasecmp(cp, "sha1:", 5) == 0) { cp += 5; cp = cp + strspn(cp, " \t"); was_sha1 = 1; } else if (strncasecmp(cp, "sha256:", 7) == 0) { cp += 7; cp = cp + strspn(cp, " \t"); was_sha256 = 1; /* * Just try to process the line as a key. * Parsing will fail if it isn't. */ } if ((key = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL) fatal("sshkey_new"); if ((r = sshkey_read(key, &cp)) != 0) fatal_r(r, "%s:%lu: invalid key", path, lnum); if (was_explicit_key) r = ssh_krl_revoke_key_explicit(krl, key); else if (was_sha1) { if (sshkey_fingerprint_raw(key, SSH_DIGEST_SHA1, &blob, &blen) != 0) { fatal("%s:%lu: fingerprint failed", file, lnum); } r = ssh_krl_revoke_key_sha1(krl, blob, blen); } else if (was_sha256) { if (sshkey_fingerprint_raw(key, SSH_DIGEST_SHA256, &blob, &blen) != 0) { fatal("%s:%lu: fingerprint failed", file, lnum); } r = ssh_krl_revoke_key_sha256(krl, blob, blen); } else r = ssh_krl_revoke_key(krl, key); if (r != 0) fatal_fr(r, "revoke key failed"); freezero(blob, blen); blob = NULL; blen = 0; sshkey_free(key); } } if (strcmp(path, "-") != 0) fclose(krl_spec); free(line); free(path); } static void do_gen_krl(struct passwd *pw, int updating, const char *ca_key_path, unsigned long long krl_version, const char *krl_comment, int argc, char **argv) { struct ssh_krl *krl; struct stat sb; struct sshkey *ca = NULL; int i, r, wild_ca = 0; char *tmp; struct sshbuf *kbuf; if (*identity_file == '\0') fatal("KRL generation requires an output file"); if (stat(identity_file, &sb) == -1) { if (errno != ENOENT) fatal("Cannot access KRL \"%s\": %s", identity_file, strerror(errno)); if (updating) fatal("KRL \"%s\" does not exist", identity_file); } if (ca_key_path != NULL) { if (strcasecmp(ca_key_path, "none") == 0) wild_ca = 1; else { tmp = tilde_expand_filename(ca_key_path, pw->pw_uid); if ((r = sshkey_load_public(tmp, &ca, NULL)) != 0) fatal_r(r, "Cannot load CA public key %s", tmp); free(tmp); } } if (updating) load_krl(identity_file, &krl); else if ((krl = ssh_krl_init()) == NULL) fatal("couldn't create KRL"); if (krl_version != 0) ssh_krl_set_version(krl, krl_version); if (krl_comment != NULL) ssh_krl_set_comment(krl, krl_comment); for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) update_krl_from_file(pw, argv[i], wild_ca, ca, krl); if ((kbuf = sshbuf_new()) == NULL) fatal("sshbuf_new failed"); if (ssh_krl_to_blob(krl, kbuf, NULL, 0) != 0) fatal("Couldn't generate KRL"); if ((r = sshbuf_write_file(identity_file, kbuf)) != 0) fatal("write %s: %s", identity_file, strerror(errno)); sshbuf_free(kbuf); ssh_krl_free(krl); sshkey_free(ca); } static void do_check_krl(struct passwd *pw, int print_krl, int argc, char **argv) { int i, r, ret = 0; char *comment; struct ssh_krl *krl; struct sshkey *k; if (*identity_file == '\0') fatal("KRL checking requires an input file"); load_krl(identity_file, &krl); if (print_krl) krl_dump(krl, stdout); for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) { if ((r = sshkey_load_public(argv[i], &k, &comment)) != 0) fatal_r(r, "Cannot load public key %s", argv[i]); r = ssh_krl_check_key(krl, k); printf("%s%s%s%s: %s\n", argv[i], *comment ? " (" : "", comment, *comment ? ")" : "", r == 0 ? "ok" : "REVOKED"); if (r != 0) ret = 1; sshkey_free(k); free(comment); } ssh_krl_free(krl); exit(ret); } static struct sshkey * load_sign_key(const char *keypath, const struct sshkey *pubkey) { size_t i, slen, plen = strlen(keypath); char *privpath = xstrdup(keypath); static const char * const suffixes[] = { "-cert.pub", ".pub", NULL }; struct sshkey *ret = NULL, *privkey = NULL; int r, waspub = 0; struct stat st; /* * If passed a public key filename, then try to locate the corresponding * private key. This lets us specify certificates on the command-line * and have ssh-keygen find the appropriate private key. */ for (i = 0; suffixes[i]; i++) { slen = strlen(suffixes[i]); if (plen <= slen || strcmp(privpath + plen - slen, suffixes[i]) != 0) continue; privpath[plen - slen] = '\0'; debug_f("%s looks like a public key, using private key " "path %s instead", keypath, privpath); waspub = 1; } if (waspub && stat(privpath, &st) != 0 && errno == ENOENT) fatal("No private key found for public key \"%s\"", keypath); if ((r = sshkey_load_private(privpath, "", &privkey, NULL)) != 0 && (r != SSH_ERR_KEY_WRONG_PASSPHRASE)) { debug_fr(r, "load private key \"%s\"", privpath); fatal("No private key found for \"%s\"", privpath); } else if (privkey == NULL) privkey = load_identity(privpath, NULL); if (!sshkey_equal_public(pubkey, privkey)) { error("Public key %s doesn't match private %s", keypath, privpath); goto done; } if (sshkey_is_cert(pubkey) && !sshkey_is_cert(privkey)) { /* * Graft the certificate onto the private key to make * it capable of signing. */ if ((r = sshkey_to_certified(privkey)) != 0) { error_fr(r, "sshkey_to_certified"); goto done; } if ((r = sshkey_cert_copy(pubkey, privkey)) != 0) { error_fr(r, "sshkey_cert_copy"); goto done; } } /* success */ ret = privkey; privkey = NULL; done: sshkey_free(privkey); free(privpath); return ret; } static int sign_one(struct sshkey *signkey, const char *filename, int fd, const char *sig_namespace, const char *hashalg, sshsig_signer *signer, void *signer_ctx) { struct sshbuf *sigbuf = NULL, *abuf = NULL; int r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, wfd = -1, oerrno; char *wfile = NULL, *asig = NULL, *fp = NULL; char *pin = NULL, *prompt = NULL; if (!quiet) { if (fd == STDIN_FILENO) fprintf(stderr, "Signing data on standard input\n"); else fprintf(stderr, "Signing file %s\n", filename); } if (signer == NULL && sshkey_is_sk(signkey)) { if ((signkey->sk_flags & SSH_SK_USER_VERIFICATION_REQD)) { xasprintf(&prompt, "Enter PIN for %s key: ", sshkey_type(signkey)); if ((pin = read_passphrase(prompt, RP_ALLOW_STDIN)) == NULL) fatal_f("couldn't read PIN"); } if ((signkey->sk_flags & SSH_SK_USER_PRESENCE_REQD)) { if ((fp = sshkey_fingerprint(signkey, fingerprint_hash, SSH_FP_DEFAULT)) == NULL) fatal_f("fingerprint failed"); fprintf(stderr, "Confirm user presence for key %s %s\n", sshkey_type(signkey), fp); free(fp); } } if ((r = sshsig_sign_fd(signkey, hashalg, sk_provider, pin, fd, sig_namespace, &sigbuf, signer, signer_ctx)) != 0) { error_r(r, "Signing %s failed", filename); goto out; } if ((r = sshsig_armor(sigbuf, &abuf)) != 0) { error_fr(r, "sshsig_armor"); goto out; } if ((asig = sshbuf_dup_string(abuf)) == NULL) { error_f("buffer error"); r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL; goto out; } if (fd == STDIN_FILENO) { fputs(asig, stdout); fflush(stdout); } else { xasprintf(&wfile, "%s.sig", filename); if (confirm_overwrite(wfile)) { if ((wfd = open(wfile, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC, 0666)) == -1) { oerrno = errno; error("Cannot open %s: %s", wfile, strerror(errno)); errno = oerrno; r = SSH_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR; goto out; } if (atomicio(vwrite, wfd, asig, strlen(asig)) != strlen(asig)) { oerrno = errno; error("Cannot write to %s: %s", wfile, strerror(errno)); errno = oerrno; r = SSH_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR; goto out; } if (!quiet) { fprintf(stderr, "Write signature to %s\n", wfile); } } } /* success */ r = 0; out: free(wfile); free(prompt); free(asig); if (pin != NULL) freezero(pin, strlen(pin)); sshbuf_free(abuf); sshbuf_free(sigbuf); if (wfd != -1) close(wfd); return r; } static int sig_process_opts(char * const *opts, size_t nopts, char **hashalgp, uint64_t *verify_timep, int *print_pubkey) { size_t i; time_t now; if (verify_timep != NULL) *verify_timep = 0; if (print_pubkey != NULL) *print_pubkey = 0; if (hashalgp != NULL) *hashalgp = NULL; for (i = 0; i < nopts; i++) { if (hashalgp != NULL && strncasecmp(opts[i], "hashalg=", 8) == 0) { *hashalgp = xstrdup(opts[i] + 8); } else if (verify_timep && strncasecmp(opts[i], "verify-time=", 12) == 0) { if (parse_absolute_time(opts[i] + 12, verify_timep) != 0 || *verify_timep == 0) { error("Invalid \"verify-time\" option"); return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT; } } else if (print_pubkey && strcasecmp(opts[i], "print-pubkey") == 0) { *print_pubkey = 1; } else { error("Invalid option \"%s\"", opts[i]); return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT; } } if (verify_timep && *verify_timep == 0) { if ((now = time(NULL)) < 0) { error("Time is before epoch"); return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT; } *verify_timep = (uint64_t)now; } return 0; } static int sig_sign(const char *keypath, const char *sig_namespace, int require_agent, int argc, char **argv, char * const *opts, size_t nopts) { int i, fd = -1, r, ret = -1; int agent_fd = -1; struct sshkey *pubkey = NULL, *privkey = NULL, *signkey = NULL; sshsig_signer *signer = NULL; char *hashalg = NULL; /* Check file arguments. */ for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) { if (strcmp(argv[i], "-") != 0) continue; if (i > 0 || argc > 1) fatal("Cannot sign mix of paths and standard input"); } if (sig_process_opts(opts, nopts, &hashalg, NULL, NULL) != 0) goto done; /* error already logged */ if ((r = sshkey_load_public(keypath, &pubkey, NULL)) != 0) { error_r(r, "Couldn't load public key %s", keypath); goto done; } if ((r = ssh_get_authentication_socket(&agent_fd)) != 0) { if (require_agent) fatal("Couldn't get agent socket"); debug_r(r, "Couldn't get agent socket"); } else { if ((r = ssh_agent_has_key(agent_fd, pubkey)) == 0) signer = agent_signer; else { if (require_agent) fatal("Couldn't find key in agent"); debug_r(r, "Couldn't find key in agent"); } } if (signer == NULL) { /* Not using agent - try to load private key */ if ((privkey = load_sign_key(keypath, pubkey)) == NULL) goto done; signkey = privkey; } else { /* Will use key in agent */ signkey = pubkey; } if (argc == 0) { if ((r = sign_one(signkey, "(stdin)", STDIN_FILENO, sig_namespace, hashalg, signer, &agent_fd)) != 0) goto done; } else { for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) { if (strcmp(argv[i], "-") == 0) fd = STDIN_FILENO; else if ((fd = open(argv[i], O_RDONLY)) == -1) { error("Cannot open %s for signing: %s", argv[i], strerror(errno)); goto done; } if ((r = sign_one(signkey, argv[i], fd, sig_namespace, hashalg, signer, &agent_fd)) != 0) goto done; if (fd != STDIN_FILENO) close(fd); fd = -1; } } ret = 0; done: if (fd != -1 && fd != STDIN_FILENO) close(fd); sshkey_free(pubkey); sshkey_free(privkey); free(hashalg); return ret; } static int sig_verify(const char *signature, const char *sig_namespace, const char *principal, const char *allowed_keys, const char *revoked_keys, char * const *opts, size_t nopts) { int r, ret = -1; int print_pubkey = 0; struct sshbuf *sigbuf = NULL, *abuf = NULL; struct sshkey *sign_key = NULL; char *fp = NULL; struct sshkey_sig_details *sig_details = NULL; uint64_t verify_time = 0; if (sig_process_opts(opts, nopts, NULL, &verify_time, &print_pubkey) != 0) goto done; /* error already logged */ memset(&sig_details, 0, sizeof(sig_details)); if ((r = sshbuf_load_file(signature, &abuf)) != 0) { error_r(r, "Couldn't read signature file"); goto done; } if ((r = sshsig_dearmor(abuf, &sigbuf)) != 0) { error_fr(r, "sshsig_armor"); goto done; } if ((r = sshsig_verify_fd(sigbuf, STDIN_FILENO, sig_namespace, &sign_key, &sig_details)) != 0) goto done; /* sshsig_verify() prints error */ if ((fp = sshkey_fingerprint(sign_key, fingerprint_hash, SSH_FP_DEFAULT)) == NULL) fatal_f("sshkey_fingerprint failed"); debug("Valid (unverified) signature from key %s", fp); if (sig_details != NULL) { debug2_f("signature details: counter = %u, flags = 0x%02x", sig_details->sk_counter, sig_details->sk_flags); } free(fp); fp = NULL; if (revoked_keys != NULL) { if ((r = sshkey_check_revoked(sign_key, revoked_keys)) != 0) { debug3_fr(r, "sshkey_check_revoked"); goto done; } } if (allowed_keys != NULL && (r = sshsig_check_allowed_keys(allowed_keys, sign_key, principal, sig_namespace, verify_time)) != 0) { debug3_fr(r, "sshsig_check_allowed_keys"); goto done; } /* success */ ret = 0; done: if (!quiet) { if (ret == 0) { if ((fp = sshkey_fingerprint(sign_key, fingerprint_hash, SSH_FP_DEFAULT)) == NULL) fatal_f("sshkey_fingerprint failed"); if (principal == NULL) { printf("Good \"%s\" signature with %s key %s\n", sig_namespace, sshkey_type(sign_key), fp); } else { printf("Good \"%s\" signature for %s with %s key %s\n", sig_namespace, principal, sshkey_type(sign_key), fp); } } else { printf("Could not verify signature.\n"); } } /* Print the signature key if requested */ if (ret == 0 && print_pubkey && sign_key != NULL) { if ((r = sshkey_write(sign_key, stdout)) == 0) fputc('\n', stdout); else { error_r(r, "Could not print public key.\n"); ret = -1; } } sshbuf_free(sigbuf); sshbuf_free(abuf); sshkey_free(sign_key); sshkey_sig_details_free(sig_details); free(fp); return ret; } static int sig_find_principals(const char *signature, const char *allowed_keys, char * const *opts, size_t nopts) { int r, ret = -1; struct sshbuf *sigbuf = NULL, *abuf = NULL; struct sshkey *sign_key = NULL; char *principals = NULL, *cp, *tmp; uint64_t verify_time = 0; if (sig_process_opts(opts, nopts, NULL, &verify_time, NULL) != 0) goto done; /* error already logged */ if ((r = sshbuf_load_file(signature, &abuf)) != 0) { error_r(r, "Couldn't read signature file"); goto done; } if ((r = sshsig_dearmor(abuf, &sigbuf)) != 0) { error_fr(r, "sshsig_armor"); goto done; } if ((r = sshsig_get_pubkey(sigbuf, &sign_key)) != 0) { error_fr(r, "sshsig_get_pubkey"); goto done; } if ((r = sshsig_find_principals(allowed_keys, sign_key, verify_time, &principals)) != 0) { if (r != SSH_ERR_KEY_NOT_FOUND) error_fr(r, "sshsig_find_principal"); goto done; } ret = 0; done: if (ret == 0 ) { /* Emit matching principals one per line */ tmp = principals; while ((cp = strsep(&tmp, ",")) != NULL && *cp != '\0') puts(cp); } else { fprintf(stderr, "No principal matched.\n"); } sshbuf_free(sigbuf); sshbuf_free(abuf); sshkey_free(sign_key); free(principals); return ret; } static int sig_match_principals(const char *allowed_keys, char *principal, char * const *opts, size_t nopts) { int r; char **principals = NULL; size_t i, nprincipals = 0; if ((r = sig_process_opts(opts, nopts, NULL, NULL, NULL)) != 0) return r; /* error already logged */ if ((r = sshsig_match_principals(allowed_keys, principal, &principals, &nprincipals)) != 0) { debug_f("match: %s", ssh_err(r)); fprintf(stderr, "No principal matched.\n"); return r; } for (i = 0; i < nprincipals; i++) { printf("%s\n", principals[i]); free(principals[i]); } free(principals); return 0; } static void do_moduli_gen(const char *out_file, char **opts, size_t nopts) { #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL /* Moduli generation/screening */ u_int32_t memory = 0; BIGNUM *start = NULL; int moduli_bits = 0; FILE *out; size_t i; const char *errstr; /* Parse options */ for (i = 0; i < nopts; i++) { if (strncmp(opts[i], "memory=", 7) == 0) { memory = (u_int32_t)strtonum(opts[i]+7, 1, UINT_MAX, &errstr); if (errstr) { fatal("Memory limit is %s: %s", errstr, opts[i]+7); } } else if (strncmp(opts[i], "start=", 6) == 0) { /* XXX - also compare length against bits */ if (BN_hex2bn(&start, opts[i]+6) == 0) fatal("Invalid start point."); } else if (strncmp(opts[i], "bits=", 5) == 0) { moduli_bits = (int)strtonum(opts[i]+5, 1, INT_MAX, &errstr); if (errstr) { fatal("Invalid number: %s (%s)", opts[i]+12, errstr); } } else { fatal("Option \"%s\" is unsupported for moduli " "generation", opts[i]); } } if ((out = fopen(out_file, "w")) == NULL) { fatal("Couldn't open modulus candidate file \"%s\": %s", out_file, strerror(errno)); } setvbuf(out, NULL, _IOLBF, 0); if (moduli_bits == 0) moduli_bits = DEFAULT_BITS; if (gen_candidates(out, memory, moduli_bits, start) != 0) fatal("modulus candidate generation failed"); #else /* WITH_OPENSSL */ fatal("Moduli generation is not supported"); #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */ } static void do_moduli_screen(const char *out_file, char **opts, size_t nopts) { #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL /* Moduli generation/screening */ char *checkpoint = NULL; u_int32_t generator_wanted = 0; unsigned long start_lineno = 0, lines_to_process = 0; int prime_tests = 0; FILE *out, *in = stdin; size_t i; const char *errstr; /* Parse options */ for (i = 0; i < nopts; i++) { if (strncmp(opts[i], "lines=", 6) == 0) { lines_to_process = strtoul(opts[i]+6, NULL, 10); } else if (strncmp(opts[i], "start-line=", 11) == 0) { start_lineno = strtoul(opts[i]+11, NULL, 10); } else if (strncmp(opts[i], "checkpoint=", 11) == 0) { free(checkpoint); checkpoint = xstrdup(opts[i]+11); } else if (strncmp(opts[i], "generator=", 10) == 0) { generator_wanted = (u_int32_t)strtonum( opts[i]+10, 1, UINT_MAX, &errstr); if (errstr != NULL) { fatal("Generator invalid: %s (%s)", opts[i]+10, errstr); } } else if (strncmp(opts[i], "prime-tests=", 12) == 0) { prime_tests = (int)strtonum(opts[i]+12, 1, INT_MAX, &errstr); if (errstr) { fatal("Invalid number: %s (%s)", opts[i]+12, errstr); } } else { fatal("Option \"%s\" is unsupported for moduli " "screening", opts[i]); } } if (have_identity && strcmp(identity_file, "-") != 0) { if ((in = fopen(identity_file, "r")) == NULL) { fatal("Couldn't open modulus candidate " "file \"%s\": %s", identity_file, strerror(errno)); } } if ((out = fopen(out_file, "a")) == NULL) { fatal("Couldn't open moduli file \"%s\": %s", out_file, strerror(errno)); } setvbuf(out, NULL, _IOLBF, 0); if (prime_test(in, out, prime_tests == 0 ? 100 : prime_tests, generator_wanted, checkpoint, start_lineno, lines_to_process) != 0) fatal("modulus screening failed"); if (in != stdin) (void)fclose(in); free(checkpoint); #else /* WITH_OPENSSL */ fatal("Moduli screening is not supported"); #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */ } /* Read and confirm a passphrase */ static char * read_check_passphrase(const char *prompt1, const char *prompt2, const char *retry_prompt) { char *passphrase1, *passphrase2; for (;;) { passphrase1 = read_passphrase(prompt1, RP_ALLOW_STDIN); passphrase2 = read_passphrase(prompt2, RP_ALLOW_STDIN); if (strcmp(passphrase1, passphrase2) == 0) { freezero(passphrase2, strlen(passphrase2)); return passphrase1; } /* The passphrases do not match. Clear them and retry. */ freezero(passphrase1, strlen(passphrase1)); freezero(passphrase2, strlen(passphrase2)); fputs(retry_prompt, stdout); fputc('\n', stdout); fflush(stdout); } /* NOTREACHED */ return NULL; } static char * private_key_passphrase(void) { if (identity_passphrase) return xstrdup(identity_passphrase); if (identity_new_passphrase) return xstrdup(identity_new_passphrase); return read_check_passphrase( "Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): ", "Enter same passphrase again: ", "Passphrases do not match. Try again."); } static char * sk_suffix(const char *application, const uint8_t *user, size_t userlen) { char *ret, *cp; size_t slen, i; /* Trim off URL-like preamble */ if (strncmp(application, "ssh://", 6) == 0) ret = xstrdup(application + 6); else if (strncmp(application, "ssh:", 4) == 0) ret = xstrdup(application + 4); else ret = xstrdup(application); /* Count trailing zeros in user */ for (i = 0; i < userlen; i++) { if (user[userlen - i - 1] != 0) break; } if (i >= userlen) return ret; /* user-id was default all-zeros */ /* Append user-id, escaping non-UTF-8 characters */ slen = userlen - i; if (asmprintf(&cp, INT_MAX, NULL, "%.*s", (int)slen, user) == -1) fatal_f("asmprintf failed"); /* Don't emit a user-id that contains path or control characters */ if (strchr(cp, '/') != NULL || strstr(cp, "..") != NULL || strchr(cp, '\\') != NULL) { free(cp); cp = tohex(user, slen); } xextendf(&ret, "_", "%s", cp); free(cp); return ret; } static int do_download_sk(const char *skprovider, const char *device) { struct sshsk_resident_key **srks; size_t nsrks, i; int r, ret = -1; char *fp, *pin = NULL, *pass = NULL, *path, *pubpath; const char *ext; struct sshkey *key; if (skprovider == NULL) fatal("Cannot download keys without provider"); pin = read_passphrase("Enter PIN for authenticator: ", RP_ALLOW_STDIN); if (!quiet) { printf("You may need to touch your authenticator " "to authorize key download.\n"); } if ((r = sshsk_load_resident(skprovider, device, pin, 0, &srks, &nsrks)) != 0) { if (pin != NULL) freezero(pin, strlen(pin)); error_r(r, "Unable to load resident keys"); return -1; } if (nsrks == 0) logit("No keys to download"); if (pin != NULL) freezero(pin, strlen(pin)); for (i = 0; i < nsrks; i++) { key = srks[i]->key; if (key->type != KEY_ECDSA_SK && key->type != KEY_ED25519_SK) { error("Unsupported key type %s (%d)", sshkey_type(key), key->type); continue; } if ((fp = sshkey_fingerprint(key, fingerprint_hash, SSH_FP_DEFAULT)) == NULL) fatal_f("sshkey_fingerprint failed"); debug_f("key %zu: %s %s %s (flags 0x%02x)", i, sshkey_type(key), fp, key->sk_application, key->sk_flags); ext = sk_suffix(key->sk_application, srks[i]->user_id, srks[i]->user_id_len); xasprintf(&path, "id_%s_rk%s%s", key->type == KEY_ECDSA_SK ? "ecdsa_sk" : "ed25519_sk", *ext == '\0' ? "" : "_", ext); /* If the file already exists, ask the user to confirm. */ if (!confirm_overwrite(path)) { free(path); break; } /* Save the key with the application string as the comment */ if (pass == NULL) pass = private_key_passphrase(); if ((r = sshkey_save_private(key, path, pass, key->sk_application, private_key_format, openssh_format_cipher, rounds)) != 0) { error_r(r, "Saving key \"%s\" failed", path); free(path); break; } if (!quiet) { printf("Saved %s key%s%s to %s\n", sshkey_type(key), *ext != '\0' ? " " : "", *ext != '\0' ? key->sk_application : "", path); } /* Save public key too */ xasprintf(&pubpath, "%s.pub", path); free(path); if ((r = sshkey_save_public(key, pubpath, key->sk_application)) != 0) { error_r(r, "Saving public key \"%s\" failed", pubpath); free(pubpath); break; } free(pubpath); } if (i >= nsrks) ret = 0; /* success */ if (pass != NULL) freezero(pass, strlen(pass)); sshsk_free_resident_keys(srks, nsrks); return ret; } static void save_attestation(struct sshbuf *attest, const char *path) { mode_t omask; int r; if (path == NULL) return; /* nothing to do */ if (attest == NULL || sshbuf_len(attest) == 0) fatal("Enrollment did not return attestation data"); omask = umask(077); r = sshbuf_write_file(path, attest); umask(omask); if (r != 0) fatal_r(r, "Unable to write attestation data \"%s\"", path); if (!quiet) printf("Your FIDO attestation certificate has been saved in " "%s\n", path); } static int confirm_sk_overwrite(const char *application, const char *user) { char yesno[3]; printf("A resident key scoped to '%s' with user id '%s' already " "exists.\n", application == NULL ? "ssh:" : application, user == NULL ? "null" : user); printf("Overwrite key in token (y/n)? "); fflush(stdout); if (fgets(yesno, sizeof(yesno), stdin) == NULL) return 0; if (yesno[0] != 'y' && yesno[0] != 'Y') return 0; return 1; } static void usage(void) { fprintf(stderr, "usage: ssh-keygen [-q] [-a rounds] [-b bits] [-C comment] [-f output_keyfile]\n" " [-m format] [-N new_passphrase] [-O option]\n" " [-t dsa | ecdsa | ecdsa-sk | ed25519 | ed25519-sk | rsa]\n" " [-w provider] [-Z cipher]\n" " ssh-keygen -p [-a rounds] [-f keyfile] [-m format] [-N new_passphrase]\n" " [-P old_passphrase] [-Z cipher]\n" #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL " ssh-keygen -i [-f input_keyfile] [-m key_format]\n" " ssh-keygen -e [-f input_keyfile] [-m key_format]\n" #endif " ssh-keygen -y [-f input_keyfile]\n" " ssh-keygen -c [-a rounds] [-C comment] [-f keyfile] [-P passphrase]\n" " ssh-keygen -l [-v] [-E fingerprint_hash] [-f input_keyfile]\n" " ssh-keygen -B [-f input_keyfile]\n"); #ifdef ENABLE_PKCS11 fprintf(stderr, " ssh-keygen -D pkcs11\n"); #endif fprintf(stderr, " ssh-keygen -F hostname [-lv] [-f known_hosts_file]\n" " ssh-keygen -H [-f known_hosts_file]\n" " ssh-keygen -K [-a rounds] [-w provider]\n" " ssh-keygen -R hostname [-f known_hosts_file]\n" " ssh-keygen -r hostname [-g] [-f input_keyfile]\n" #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL " ssh-keygen -M generate [-O option] output_file\n" " ssh-keygen -M screen [-f input_file] [-O option] output_file\n" #endif " ssh-keygen -I certificate_identity -s ca_key [-hU] [-D pkcs11_provider]\n" " [-n principals] [-O option] [-V validity_interval]\n" " [-z serial_number] file ...\n" " ssh-keygen -L [-f input_keyfile]\n" " ssh-keygen -A [-a rounds] [-f prefix_path]\n" " ssh-keygen -k -f krl_file [-u] [-s ca_public] [-z version_number]\n" " file ...\n" " ssh-keygen -Q [-l] -f krl_file [file ...]\n" " ssh-keygen -Y find-principals -s signature_file -f allowed_signers_file\n" " ssh-keygen -Y match-principals -I signer_identity -f allowed_signers_file\n" " ssh-keygen -Y check-novalidate -n namespace -s signature_file\n" " ssh-keygen -Y sign -f key_file -n namespace file [-O option] ...\n" " ssh-keygen -Y verify -f allowed_signers_file -I signer_identity\n" " -n namespace -s signature_file [-r krl_file] [-O option]\n"); exit(1); } /* * Main program for key management. */ int main(int argc, char **argv) { char comment[1024], *passphrase = NULL; char *rr_hostname = NULL, *ep, *fp, *ra; struct sshkey *private, *public; struct passwd *pw; int r, opt, type; int change_passphrase = 0, change_comment = 0, show_cert = 0; int find_host = 0, delete_host = 0, hash_hosts = 0; int gen_all_hostkeys = 0, gen_krl = 0, update_krl = 0, check_krl = 0; int prefer_agent = 0, convert_to = 0, convert_from = 0; int print_public = 0, print_generic = 0, cert_serial_autoinc = 0; int do_gen_candidates = 0, do_screen_candidates = 0, download_sk = 0; unsigned long long cert_serial = 0; char *identity_comment = NULL, *ca_key_path = NULL, **opts = NULL; char *sk_application = NULL, *sk_device = NULL, *sk_user = NULL; char *sk_attestation_path = NULL; struct sshbuf *challenge = NULL, *attest = NULL; size_t i, nopts = 0; u_int32_t bits = 0; uint8_t sk_flags = SSH_SK_USER_PRESENCE_REQD; const char *errstr; int log_level = SYSLOG_LEVEL_INFO; char *sign_op = NULL; extern int optind; extern char *optarg; /* Ensure that fds 0, 1 and 2 are open or directed to /dev/null */ sanitise_stdfd(); __progname = ssh_get_progname(argv[0]); seed_rng(); log_init(argv[0], SYSLOG_LEVEL_INFO, SYSLOG_FACILITY_USER, 1); msetlocale(); /* we need this for the home * directory. */ pw = getpwuid(getuid()); if (!pw) fatal("No user exists for uid %lu", (u_long)getuid()); pw = pwcopy(pw); if (gethostname(hostname, sizeof(hostname)) == -1) fatal("gethostname: %s", strerror(errno)); sk_provider = getenv("SSH_SK_PROVIDER"); /* Remaining characters: dGjJSTWx */ while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, "ABHKLQUXceghiklopquvy" "C:D:E:F:I:M:N:O:P:R:V:Y:Z:" "a:b:f:g:m:n:r:s:t:w:z:")) != -1) { switch (opt) { case 'A': gen_all_hostkeys = 1; break; case 'b': bits = (u_int32_t)strtonum(optarg, 1, UINT32_MAX, &errstr); if (errstr) fatal("Bits has bad value %s (%s)", optarg, errstr); break; case 'E': fingerprint_hash = ssh_digest_alg_by_name(optarg); if (fingerprint_hash == -1) fatal("Invalid hash algorithm \"%s\"", optarg); break; case 'F': find_host = 1; rr_hostname = optarg; break; case 'H': hash_hosts = 1; break; case 'I': cert_key_id = optarg; break; case 'R': delete_host = 1; rr_hostname = optarg; break; case 'L': show_cert = 1; break; case 'l': print_fingerprint = 1; break; case 'B': print_bubblebabble = 1; break; case 'm': if (strcasecmp(optarg, "RFC4716") == 0 || strcasecmp(optarg, "ssh2") == 0) { convert_format = FMT_RFC4716; break; } if (strcasecmp(optarg, "PKCS8") == 0) { convert_format = FMT_PKCS8; private_key_format = SSHKEY_PRIVATE_PKCS8; break; } if (strcasecmp(optarg, "PEM") == 0) { convert_format = FMT_PEM; private_key_format = SSHKEY_PRIVATE_PEM; break; } fatal("Unsupported conversion format \"%s\"", optarg); case 'n': cert_principals = optarg; break; case 'o': /* no-op; new format is already the default */ break; case 'p': change_passphrase = 1; break; case 'c': change_comment = 1; break; case 'f': if (strlcpy(identity_file, optarg, sizeof(identity_file)) >= sizeof(identity_file)) fatal("Identity filename too long"); have_identity = 1; break; case 'g': print_generic = 1; break; case 'K': download_sk = 1; break; case 'P': identity_passphrase = optarg; break; case 'N': identity_new_passphrase = optarg; break; case 'Q': check_krl = 1; break; case 'O': opts = xrecallocarray(opts, nopts, nopts + 1, sizeof(*opts)); opts[nopts++] = xstrdup(optarg); break; case 'Z': openssh_format_cipher = optarg; if (cipher_by_name(openssh_format_cipher) == NULL) fatal("Invalid OpenSSH-format cipher '%s'", openssh_format_cipher); break; case 'C': identity_comment = optarg; break; case 'q': quiet = 1; break; case 'e': /* export key */ convert_to = 1; break; case 'h': cert_key_type = SSH2_CERT_TYPE_HOST; certflags_flags = 0; break; case 'k': gen_krl = 1; break; case 'i': case 'X': /* import key */ convert_from = 1; break; case 'y': print_public = 1; break; case 's': ca_key_path = optarg; break; case 't': key_type_name = optarg; break; case 'D': pkcs11provider = optarg; break; case 'U': prefer_agent = 1; break; case 'u': update_krl = 1; break; case 'v': if (log_level == SYSLOG_LEVEL_INFO) log_level = SYSLOG_LEVEL_DEBUG1; else { if (log_level >= SYSLOG_LEVEL_DEBUG1 && log_level < SYSLOG_LEVEL_DEBUG3) log_level++; } break; case 'r': rr_hostname = optarg; break; case 'a': rounds = (int)strtonum(optarg, 1, INT_MAX, &errstr); if (errstr) fatal("Invalid number: %s (%s)", optarg, errstr); break; case 'V': parse_cert_times(optarg); break; case 'Y': sign_op = optarg; break; case 'w': sk_provider = optarg; break; case 'z': errno = 0; if (*optarg == '+') { cert_serial_autoinc = 1; optarg++; } cert_serial = strtoull(optarg, &ep, 10); if (*optarg < '0' || *optarg > '9' || *ep != '\0' || (errno == ERANGE && cert_serial == ULLONG_MAX)) fatal("Invalid serial number \"%s\"", optarg); break; case 'M': if (strcmp(optarg, "generate") == 0) do_gen_candidates = 1; else if (strcmp(optarg, "screen") == 0) do_screen_candidates = 1; else fatal("Unsupported moduli option %s", optarg); break; default: usage(); } } #ifdef ENABLE_SK_INTERNAL if (sk_provider == NULL) sk_provider = "internal"; #endif /* reinit */ log_init(argv[0], log_level, SYSLOG_FACILITY_USER, 1); argv += optind; argc -= optind; if (sign_op != NULL) { if (strncmp(sign_op, "find-principals", 15) == 0) { if (ca_key_path == NULL) { error("Too few arguments for find-principals:" "missing signature file"); exit(1); } if (!have_identity) { error("Too few arguments for find-principals:" "missing allowed keys file"); exit(1); } return sig_find_principals(ca_key_path, identity_file, opts, nopts); } else if (strncmp(sign_op, "match-principals", 16) == 0) { if (!have_identity) { error("Too few arguments for match-principals:" "missing allowed keys file"); exit(1); } if (cert_key_id == NULL) { error("Too few arguments for match-principals: " "missing principal ID"); exit(1); } return sig_match_principals(identity_file, cert_key_id, opts, nopts); } else if (strncmp(sign_op, "sign", 4) == 0) { /* NB. cert_principals is actually namespace, via -n */ if (cert_principals == NULL || *cert_principals == '\0') { error("Too few arguments for sign: " "missing namespace"); exit(1); } if (!have_identity) { error("Too few arguments for sign: " "missing key"); exit(1); } return sig_sign(identity_file, cert_principals, prefer_agent, argc, argv, opts, nopts); } else if (strncmp(sign_op, "check-novalidate", 16) == 0) { /* NB. cert_principals is actually namespace, via -n */ if (cert_principals == NULL || *cert_principals == '\0') { error("Too few arguments for check-novalidate: " "missing namespace"); exit(1); } if (ca_key_path == NULL) { error("Too few arguments for check-novalidate: " "missing signature file"); exit(1); } return sig_verify(ca_key_path, cert_principals, NULL, NULL, NULL, opts, nopts); } else if (strncmp(sign_op, "verify", 6) == 0) { /* NB. cert_principals is actually namespace, via -n */ if (cert_principals == NULL || *cert_principals == '\0') { error("Too few arguments for verify: " "missing namespace"); exit(1); } if (ca_key_path == NULL) { error("Too few arguments for verify: " "missing signature file"); exit(1); } if (!have_identity) { error("Too few arguments for sign: " "missing allowed keys file"); exit(1); } if (cert_key_id == NULL) { error("Too few arguments for verify: " "missing principal identity"); exit(1); } return sig_verify(ca_key_path, cert_principals, cert_key_id, identity_file, rr_hostname, opts, nopts); } error("Unsupported operation for -Y: \"%s\"", sign_op); usage(); /* NOTREACHED */ } if (ca_key_path != NULL) { if (argc < 1 && !gen_krl) { error("Too few arguments."); usage(); } } else if (argc > 0 && !gen_krl && !check_krl && !do_gen_candidates && !do_screen_candidates) { error("Too many arguments."); usage(); } if (change_passphrase && change_comment) { error("Can only have one of -p and -c."); usage(); } if (print_fingerprint && (delete_host || hash_hosts)) { error("Cannot use -l with -H or -R."); usage(); } if (gen_krl) { do_gen_krl(pw, update_krl, ca_key_path, cert_serial, identity_comment, argc, argv); return (0); } if (check_krl) { do_check_krl(pw, print_fingerprint, argc, argv); return (0); } if (ca_key_path != NULL) { if (cert_key_id == NULL) fatal("Must specify key id (-I) when certifying"); for (i = 0; i < nopts; i++) add_cert_option(opts[i]); do_ca_sign(pw, ca_key_path, prefer_agent, cert_serial, cert_serial_autoinc, argc, argv); } if (show_cert) do_show_cert(pw); if (delete_host || hash_hosts || find_host) { do_known_hosts(pw, rr_hostname, find_host, delete_host, hash_hosts); } if (pkcs11provider != NULL) do_download(pw); if (download_sk) { for (i = 0; i < nopts; i++) { if (strncasecmp(opts[i], "device=", 7) == 0) { sk_device = xstrdup(opts[i] + 7); } else { fatal("Option \"%s\" is unsupported for " "FIDO authenticator download", opts[i]); } } return do_download_sk(sk_provider, sk_device); } if (print_fingerprint || print_bubblebabble) do_fingerprint(pw); if (change_passphrase) do_change_passphrase(pw); if (change_comment) do_change_comment(pw, identity_comment); #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL if (convert_to) do_convert_to(pw); if (convert_from) do_convert_from(pw); #else /* WITH_OPENSSL */ if (convert_to || convert_from) fatal("key conversion disabled at compile time"); #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */ if (print_public) do_print_public(pw); if (rr_hostname != NULL) { unsigned int n = 0; if (have_identity) { n = do_print_resource_record(pw, identity_file, rr_hostname, print_generic, opts, nopts); if (n == 0) fatal("%s: %s", identity_file, strerror(errno)); exit(0); } else { n += do_print_resource_record(pw, _PATH_HOST_RSA_KEY_FILE, rr_hostname, print_generic, opts, nopts); n += do_print_resource_record(pw, _PATH_HOST_DSA_KEY_FILE, rr_hostname, print_generic, opts, nopts); n += do_print_resource_record(pw, _PATH_HOST_ECDSA_KEY_FILE, rr_hostname, print_generic, opts, nopts); n += do_print_resource_record(pw, _PATH_HOST_ED25519_KEY_FILE, rr_hostname, print_generic, opts, nopts); n += do_print_resource_record(pw, _PATH_HOST_XMSS_KEY_FILE, rr_hostname, print_generic, opts, nopts); if (n == 0) fatal("no keys found."); exit(0); } } if (do_gen_candidates || do_screen_candidates) { if (argc <= 0) fatal("No output file specified"); else if (argc > 1) fatal("Too many output files specified"); } if (do_gen_candidates) { do_moduli_gen(argv[0], opts, nopts); return 0; } if (do_screen_candidates) { do_moduli_screen(argv[0], opts, nopts); return 0; } if (gen_all_hostkeys) { do_gen_all_hostkeys(pw); return (0); } if (key_type_name == NULL) key_type_name = DEFAULT_KEY_TYPE_NAME; type = sshkey_type_from_name(key_type_name); type_bits_valid(type, key_type_name, &bits); if (!quiet) printf("Generating public/private %s key pair.\n", key_type_name); switch (type) { case KEY_ECDSA_SK: case KEY_ED25519_SK: for (i = 0; i < nopts; i++) { if (strcasecmp(opts[i], "no-touch-required") == 0) { sk_flags &= ~SSH_SK_USER_PRESENCE_REQD; } else if (strcasecmp(opts[i], "verify-required") == 0) { sk_flags |= SSH_SK_USER_VERIFICATION_REQD; } else if (strcasecmp(opts[i], "resident") == 0) { sk_flags |= SSH_SK_RESIDENT_KEY; } else if (strncasecmp(opts[i], "device=", 7) == 0) { sk_device = xstrdup(opts[i] + 7); } else if (strncasecmp(opts[i], "user=", 5) == 0) { sk_user = xstrdup(opts[i] + 5); } else if (strncasecmp(opts[i], "challenge=", 10) == 0) { if ((r = sshbuf_load_file(opts[i] + 10, &challenge)) != 0) { fatal_r(r, "Unable to load FIDO " "enrollment challenge \"%s\"", opts[i] + 10); } } else if (strncasecmp(opts[i], "write-attestation=", 18) == 0) { sk_attestation_path = opts[i] + 18; } else if (strncasecmp(opts[i], "application=", 12) == 0) { sk_application = xstrdup(opts[i] + 12); if (strncmp(sk_application, "ssh:", 4) != 0) { fatal("FIDO application string must " "begin with \"ssh:\""); } } else { fatal("Option \"%s\" is unsupported for " "FIDO authenticator enrollment", opts[i]); } } if ((attest = sshbuf_new()) == NULL) fatal("sshbuf_new failed"); r = 0; for (i = 0 ;;) { if (!quiet) { printf("You may need to touch your " "authenticator%s to authorize key " "generation.\n", r == 0 ? "" : " again"); } fflush(stdout); r = sshsk_enroll(type, sk_provider, sk_device, sk_application == NULL ? "ssh:" : sk_application, sk_user, sk_flags, passphrase, challenge, &private, attest); if (r == 0) break; if (r == SSH_ERR_KEY_BAD_PERMISSIONS && (sk_flags & SSH_SK_RESIDENT_KEY) != 0 && (sk_flags & SSH_SK_FORCE_OPERATION) == 0 && confirm_sk_overwrite(sk_application, sk_user)) { sk_flags |= SSH_SK_FORCE_OPERATION; continue; } if (r != SSH_ERR_KEY_WRONG_PASSPHRASE) fatal_r(r, "Key enrollment failed"); else if (passphrase != NULL) { error("PIN incorrect"); freezero(passphrase, strlen(passphrase)); passphrase = NULL; } if (++i >= 3) fatal("Too many incorrect PINs"); passphrase = read_passphrase("Enter PIN for " "authenticator: ", RP_ALLOW_STDIN); } if (passphrase != NULL) { freezero(passphrase, strlen(passphrase)); passphrase = NULL; } break; default: if ((r = sshkey_generate(type, bits, &private)) != 0) fatal("sshkey_generate failed"); break; } if ((r = sshkey_from_private(private, &public)) != 0) fatal_r(r, "sshkey_from_private"); if (!have_identity) ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which to save the key"); /* Create ~/.ssh directory if it doesn't already exist. */ hostfile_create_user_ssh_dir(identity_file, !quiet); /* If the file already exists, ask the user to confirm. */ if (!confirm_overwrite(identity_file)) exit(1); /* Determine the passphrase for the private key */ passphrase = private_key_passphrase(); if (identity_comment) { strlcpy(comment, identity_comment, sizeof(comment)); } else { /* Create default comment field for the passphrase. */ snprintf(comment, sizeof comment, "%s@%s", pw->pw_name, hostname); } /* Save the key with the given passphrase and comment. */ if ((r = sshkey_save_private(private, identity_file, passphrase, comment, private_key_format, openssh_format_cipher, rounds)) != 0) { error_r(r, "Saving key \"%s\" failed", identity_file); freezero(passphrase, strlen(passphrase)); exit(1); } freezero(passphrase, strlen(passphrase)); sshkey_free(private); if (!quiet) { printf("Your identification has been saved in %s\n", identity_file); } strlcat(identity_file, ".pub", sizeof(identity_file)); if ((r = sshkey_save_public(public, identity_file, comment)) != 0) fatal_r(r, "Unable to save public key to %s", identity_file); if (!quiet) { fp = sshkey_fingerprint(public, fingerprint_hash, SSH_FP_DEFAULT); ra = sshkey_fingerprint(public, fingerprint_hash, SSH_FP_RANDOMART); if (fp == NULL || ra == NULL) fatal("sshkey_fingerprint failed"); printf("Your public key has been saved in %s\n", identity_file); printf("The key fingerprint is:\n"); printf("%s %s\n", fp, comment); printf("The key's randomart image is:\n"); printf("%s\n", ra); free(ra); free(fp); } if (sk_attestation_path != NULL) save_attestation(attest, sk_attestation_path); sshbuf_free(attest); sshkey_free(public); exit(0); }