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<?xml version='1.0'?>
<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd">
<!-- SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1+ -->
<refentry id="systemd.scope">
<refentryinfo>
<title>systemd.scope</title>
<productname>systemd</productname>
</refentryinfo>
<refmeta>
<refentrytitle>systemd.scope</refentrytitle>
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
</refmeta>
<refnamediv>
<refname>systemd.scope</refname>
<refpurpose>Scope unit configuration</refpurpose>
</refnamediv>
<refsynopsisdiv>
<para><filename><replaceable>scope</replaceable>.scope</filename></para>
</refsynopsisdiv>
<refsect1>
<title>Description</title>
<para>Scope units are not configured via unit configuration files,
but are only created programmatically using the bus interfaces of
systemd. They are named similar to filenames. A unit whose name
ends in <literal>.scope</literal> refers to a scope unit. Scopes
units manage a set of system processes. Unlike service units, scope
units manage externally created processes, and do not fork off
processes on its own.</para>
<para>The main purpose of scope units is grouping worker processes
of a system service for organization and for managing resources.</para>
<para><command>systemd-run <option>--scope</option></command> may
be used to easily launch a command in a new scope unit from the
command line.</para>
<para>See the <ulink
url="https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/ControlGroupInterface/">New
Control Group Interfaces</ulink> for an introduction on how to make
use of scope units from programs.</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>Automatic Dependencies</title>
<refsect2>
<title>Implicit Dependencies</title>
<para>Implicit dependencies may be added as result of
resource control parameters as documented in
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.resource-control</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para>
</refsect2>
<refsect2>
<title>Default Dependencies</title>
<para>The following dependencies are added unless
<varname>DefaultDependencies=no</varname> is set:</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><para>Scope units will automatically have dependencies of
type <varname>Conflicts=</varname> and
<varname>Before=</varname> on
<filename>shutdown.target</filename>. These ensure
that scope units are removed prior to system
shutdown. Only scope units involved with early boot or
late system shutdown should disable
<varname>DefaultDependencies=</varname> option.</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</refsect2>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>Options</title>
<para>Scope files may include a <literal>[Scope]</literal>
section, which carries information about the scope and the
units it contains. A number of options that may be used in
this section are shared with other unit types. These options are
documented in
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.kill</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
and
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.resource-control</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
The options specific to the <literal>[Scope]</literal> section
of scope units are the following:</para>
<variablelist class='unit-directives'>
<varlistentry>
<term><varname>RuntimeMaxSec=</varname></term>
<listitem><para>Configures a maximum time for the scope to run. If this is used and the scope has been
active for longer than the specified time it is terminated and put into a failure state. Pass
<literal>infinity</literal> (the default) to configure no runtime limit.</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>See Also</title>
<para>
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-run</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.resource-control</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.directives</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
</para>
</refsect1>
</refentry>
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