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|
/* SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later */
#include <errno.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <nss.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include "env-util.h"
#include "errno-util.h"
#include "glyph-util.h"
#include "in-addr-util.h"
#include "macro.h"
#include "nss-util.h"
#include "resolved-def.h"
#include "signal-util.h"
#include "string-util.h"
#include "strv.h"
#include "varlink.h"
static JsonDispatchFlags json_dispatch_flags = JSON_ALLOW_EXTENSIONS;
static void setup_logging(void) {
log_parse_environment_variables();
if (DEBUG_LOGGING)
json_dispatch_flags = JSON_LOG;
}
static void setup_logging_once(void) {
static pthread_once_t once = PTHREAD_ONCE_INIT;
assert_se(pthread_once(&once, setup_logging) == 0);
}
#define NSS_ENTRYPOINT_BEGIN \
BLOCK_SIGNALS(NSS_SIGNALS_BLOCK); \
setup_logging_once()
NSS_GETHOSTBYNAME_PROTOTYPES(resolve);
NSS_GETHOSTBYADDR_PROTOTYPES(resolve);
static bool error_shall_fallback(const char *error_id) {
/* The Varlink errors where we shall signal "please fallback" back to the NSS stack, so that some
* fallback module can be loaded. (These are mostly all Varlink-internal errors, as apparently we
* then were unable to even do IPC with systemd-resolved.) */
return STR_IN_SET(error_id,
VARLINK_ERROR_DISCONNECTED,
VARLINK_ERROR_TIMEOUT,
VARLINK_ERROR_PROTOCOL,
VARLINK_ERROR_INTERFACE_NOT_FOUND,
VARLINK_ERROR_METHOD_NOT_FOUND,
VARLINK_ERROR_METHOD_NOT_IMPLEMENTED);
}
static bool error_shall_try_again(const char *error_id) {
/* The Varlink errors where we shall signal "can't answer now but might be able to later" back to the
* NSS stack. These are all errors that indicate lack of configuration or network problems. */
return STR_IN_SET(error_id,
"io.systemd.Resolve.NoNameServers",
"io.systemd.Resolve.QueryTimedOut",
"io.systemd.Resolve.MaxAttemptsReached",
"io.systemd.Resolve.NetworkDown");
}
static int connect_to_resolved(Varlink **ret) {
_cleanup_(varlink_unrefp) Varlink *link = NULL;
int r;
r = varlink_connect_address(&link, "/run/systemd/resolve/io.systemd.Resolve");
if (r < 0)
return r;
r = varlink_set_relative_timeout(link, SD_RESOLVED_QUERY_TIMEOUT_USEC);
if (r < 0)
return r;
*ret = TAKE_PTR(link);
return 0;
}
static uint32_t ifindex_to_scopeid(int family, const void *a, int ifindex) {
struct in6_addr in6;
if (family != AF_INET6 || ifindex == 0)
return 0;
/* Some apps can't deal with the scope ID attached to non-link-local addresses. Hence, let's suppress that. */
assert(sizeof(in6) == FAMILY_ADDRESS_SIZE(AF_INET6));
memcpy(&in6, a, sizeof(struct in6_addr));
return in6_addr_is_link_local(&in6) ? ifindex : 0;
}
static int json_dispatch_ifindex(const char *name, JsonVariant *variant, JsonDispatchFlags flags, void *userdata) {
int *ifi = ASSERT_PTR(userdata);
int64_t t;
assert(variant);
if (!json_variant_is_integer(variant))
return json_log(variant, flags, SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "JSON field '%s' is not an integer.", strna(name));
t = json_variant_integer(variant);
if (t > INT_MAX)
return json_log(variant, flags, SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "JSON field '%s' is out of bounds for an interface index.", strna(name));
*ifi = (int) t;
return 0;
}
static int json_dispatch_family(const char *name, JsonVariant *variant, JsonDispatchFlags flags, void *userdata) {
int *family = ASSERT_PTR(userdata);
int64_t t;
assert(variant);
if (!json_variant_is_integer(variant))
return json_log(variant, flags, SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "JSON field '%s' is not an integer.", strna(name));
t = json_variant_integer(variant);
if (t < 0 || t > INT_MAX)
return json_log(variant, flags, SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "JSON field '%s' is not a valid family.", strna(name));
*family = (int) t;
return 0;
}
typedef struct ResolveHostnameReply {
JsonVariant *addresses;
char *name;
uint64_t flags;
} ResolveHostnameReply;
static void resolve_hostname_reply_destroy(ResolveHostnameReply *p) {
assert(p);
json_variant_unref(p->addresses);
free(p->name);
}
static const JsonDispatch resolve_hostname_reply_dispatch_table[] = {
{ "addresses", JSON_VARIANT_ARRAY, json_dispatch_variant, offsetof(ResolveHostnameReply, addresses), JSON_MANDATORY },
{ "name", JSON_VARIANT_STRING, json_dispatch_string, offsetof(ResolveHostnameReply, name), 0 },
{ "flags", _JSON_VARIANT_TYPE_INVALID, json_dispatch_uint64, offsetof(ResolveHostnameReply, flags), 0 },
{}
};
typedef struct AddressParameters {
int ifindex;
int family;
union in_addr_union address;
size_t address_size;
} AddressParameters;
static int json_dispatch_address(const char *name, JsonVariant *variant, JsonDispatchFlags flags, void *userdata) {
AddressParameters *p = ASSERT_PTR(userdata);
union in_addr_union buf = {};
JsonVariant *i;
size_t n, k = 0;
assert(variant);
if (!json_variant_is_array(variant))
return json_log(variant, flags, SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "JSON field '%s' is not an array.", strna(name));
n = json_variant_elements(variant);
if (!IN_SET(n, 4, 16))
return json_log(variant, flags, SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "JSON field '%s' is array of unexpected size.", strna(name));
JSON_VARIANT_ARRAY_FOREACH(i, variant) {
int64_t b;
if (!json_variant_is_integer(i))
return json_log(variant, flags, SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Element %zu of JSON field '%s' is not an integer.", k, strna(name));
b = json_variant_integer(i);
if (b < 0 || b > 0xff)
return json_log(variant, flags, SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
"Element %zu of JSON field '%s' is out of range 0%s255.",
k, strna(name), special_glyph(SPECIAL_GLYPH_ELLIPSIS));
buf.bytes[k++] = (uint8_t) b;
}
p->address = buf;
p->address_size = k;
return 0;
}
static const JsonDispatch address_parameters_dispatch_table[] = {
{ "ifindex", JSON_VARIANT_INTEGER, json_dispatch_ifindex, offsetof(AddressParameters, ifindex), 0 },
{ "family", JSON_VARIANT_INTEGER, json_dispatch_family, offsetof(AddressParameters, family), JSON_MANDATORY },
{ "address", JSON_VARIANT_ARRAY, json_dispatch_address, 0, JSON_MANDATORY },
{}
};
static uint64_t query_flag(
const char *name,
const int value,
uint64_t flag) {
int r;
r = getenv_bool_secure(name);
if (r >= 0)
return r == value ? flag : 0;
if (r != -ENXIO)
log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to parse $%s, ignoring.", name);
return 0;
}
static uint64_t query_flags(void) {
/* Allow callers to turn off validation, synthetization, caching, etc., when we resolve via
* nss-resolve. */
return query_flag("SYSTEMD_NSS_RESOLVE_VALIDATE", 0, SD_RESOLVED_NO_VALIDATE) |
query_flag("SYSTEMD_NSS_RESOLVE_SYNTHESIZE", 0, SD_RESOLVED_NO_SYNTHESIZE) |
query_flag("SYSTEMD_NSS_RESOLVE_CACHE", 0, SD_RESOLVED_NO_CACHE) |
query_flag("SYSTEMD_NSS_RESOLVE_ZONE", 0, SD_RESOLVED_NO_ZONE) |
query_flag("SYSTEMD_NSS_RESOLVE_TRUST_ANCHOR", 0, SD_RESOLVED_NO_TRUST_ANCHOR) |
query_flag("SYSTEMD_NSS_RESOLVE_NETWORK", 0, SD_RESOLVED_NO_NETWORK);
}
enum nss_status _nss_resolve_gethostbyname4_r(
const char *name,
struct gaih_addrtuple **pat,
char *buffer, size_t buflen,
int *errnop, int *h_errnop,
int32_t *ttlp) {
_cleanup_(varlink_unrefp) Varlink *link = NULL;
_cleanup_(json_variant_unrefp) JsonVariant *cparams = NULL;
_cleanup_(resolve_hostname_reply_destroy) ResolveHostnameReply p = {};
JsonVariant *rparams, *entry;
int r;
PROTECT_ERRNO;
NSS_ENTRYPOINT_BEGIN;
assert(name);
assert(pat);
assert(buffer);
assert(errnop);
assert(h_errnop);
r = connect_to_resolved(&link);
if (r < 0)
goto fail;
r = json_build(&cparams, JSON_BUILD_OBJECT(
JSON_BUILD_PAIR("name", JSON_BUILD_STRING(name)),
JSON_BUILD_PAIR("flags", JSON_BUILD_UNSIGNED(query_flags()))));
if (r < 0)
goto fail;
/* Return NSS_STATUS_UNAVAIL when communication with systemd-resolved fails, allowing falling
* back to other nss modules. Treat all other error conditions as NOTFOUND. This includes
* DNSSEC errors and suchlike. (We don't use UNAVAIL in this case so that the nsswitch.conf
* configuration can distinguish such executed but negative replies from complete failure to
* talk to resolved). */
const char *error_id;
r = varlink_call(link, "io.systemd.Resolve.ResolveHostname", cparams, &rparams, &error_id);
if (r < 0)
goto fail;
if (!isempty(error_id)) {
if (error_shall_try_again(error_id))
goto try_again;
if (error_shall_fallback(error_id))
goto fail;
if (streq(error_id, "io.systemd.Resolve.NoSuchResourceRecord"))
goto no_data;
goto not_found;
}
r = json_dispatch(rparams, resolve_hostname_reply_dispatch_table, json_dispatch_flags, &p);
if (r < 0)
goto fail;
if (json_variant_is_blank_object(p.addresses))
goto not_found;
size_t n_addresses = 0;
JSON_VARIANT_ARRAY_FOREACH(entry, p.addresses) {
AddressParameters q = {};
r = json_dispatch(entry, address_parameters_dispatch_table, json_dispatch_flags, &q);
if (r < 0)
goto fail;
if (!IN_SET(q.family, AF_INET, AF_INET6))
continue;
if (q.address_size != FAMILY_ADDRESS_SIZE(q.family)) {
r = -EINVAL;
goto fail;
}
n_addresses++;
}
const char *canonical = p.name ?: name;
size_t l = strlen(canonical);
size_t idx, ms = ALIGN(l+1) + ALIGN(sizeof(struct gaih_addrtuple)) * n_addresses;
if (buflen < ms) {
UNPROTECT_ERRNO;
*errnop = ERANGE;
*h_errnop = NETDB_INTERNAL;
return NSS_STATUS_TRYAGAIN;
}
/* First, append name */
char *r_name = buffer;
memcpy(r_name, canonical, l + 1);
idx = ALIGN(l + 1);
/* Second, append addresses */
struct gaih_addrtuple *r_tuple = NULL,
*r_tuple_first = (struct gaih_addrtuple*) (buffer + idx);
JSON_VARIANT_ARRAY_FOREACH(entry, p.addresses) {
AddressParameters q = {};
r = json_dispatch(entry, address_parameters_dispatch_table, json_dispatch_flags, &q);
if (r < 0)
goto fail;
if (!IN_SET(q.family, AF_INET, AF_INET6))
continue;
r_tuple = (struct gaih_addrtuple*) (buffer + idx);
r_tuple->next = (struct gaih_addrtuple*) ((char*) r_tuple + ALIGN(sizeof(struct gaih_addrtuple)));
r_tuple->name = r_name;
r_tuple->family = q.family;
r_tuple->scopeid = ifindex_to_scopeid(q.family, &q.address, q.ifindex);
memcpy(r_tuple->addr, &q.address, q.address_size);
idx += ALIGN(sizeof(struct gaih_addrtuple));
}
assert(r_tuple); /* We had at least one address, so r_tuple must be set */
r_tuple->next = NULL; /* Override last next pointer */
assert(idx == ms);
if (*pat)
**pat = *r_tuple_first;
else
*pat = r_tuple_first;
if (ttlp)
*ttlp = 0;
/* Explicitly reset both *h_errnop and h_errno to work around
* https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1125975 */
*h_errnop = NETDB_SUCCESS;
h_errno = 0;
return NSS_STATUS_SUCCESS;
fail:
UNPROTECT_ERRNO;
*errnop = -r;
*h_errnop = NO_RECOVERY;
return NSS_STATUS_UNAVAIL;
not_found:
*h_errnop = HOST_NOT_FOUND;
return NSS_STATUS_NOTFOUND;
no_data:
*h_errnop = NO_DATA;
return NSS_STATUS_NOTFOUND;
try_again:
UNPROTECT_ERRNO;
*errnop = -r;
*h_errnop = TRY_AGAIN;
return NSS_STATUS_TRYAGAIN;
}
enum nss_status _nss_resolve_gethostbyname3_r(
const char *name,
int af,
struct hostent *result,
char *buffer, size_t buflen,
int *errnop, int *h_errnop,
int32_t *ttlp,
char **canonp) {
_cleanup_(varlink_unrefp) Varlink *link = NULL;
_cleanup_(json_variant_unrefp) JsonVariant *cparams = NULL;
_cleanup_(resolve_hostname_reply_destroy) ResolveHostnameReply p = {};
JsonVariant *rparams, *entry;
int r;
PROTECT_ERRNO;
NSS_ENTRYPOINT_BEGIN;
assert(name);
assert(result);
assert(buffer);
assert(errnop);
assert(h_errnop);
if (af == AF_UNSPEC)
af = AF_INET;
if (!IN_SET(af, AF_INET, AF_INET6)) {
r = -EAFNOSUPPORT;
goto fail;
}
r = connect_to_resolved(&link);
if (r < 0)
goto fail;
r = json_build(&cparams, JSON_BUILD_OBJECT(JSON_BUILD_PAIR("name", JSON_BUILD_STRING(name)),
JSON_BUILD_PAIR("family", JSON_BUILD_INTEGER(af)),
JSON_BUILD_PAIR("flags", JSON_BUILD_UNSIGNED(query_flags()))));
if (r < 0)
goto fail;
const char *error_id;
r = varlink_call(link, "io.systemd.Resolve.ResolveHostname", cparams, &rparams, &error_id);
if (r < 0)
goto fail;
if (!isempty(error_id)) {
if (error_shall_try_again(error_id))
goto try_again;
if (error_shall_fallback(error_id))
goto fail;
if (streq(error_id, "io.systemd.Resolve.NoSuchResourceRecord"))
goto no_data;
goto not_found;
}
r = json_dispatch(rparams, resolve_hostname_reply_dispatch_table, json_dispatch_flags, &p);
if (r < 0)
goto fail;
if (json_variant_is_blank_object(p.addresses))
goto not_found;
size_t n_addresses = 0;
JSON_VARIANT_ARRAY_FOREACH(entry, p.addresses) {
AddressParameters q = {};
r = json_dispatch(entry, address_parameters_dispatch_table, json_dispatch_flags, &q);
if (r < 0)
goto fail;
if (!IN_SET(q.family, AF_INET, AF_INET6))
continue;
if (q.address_size != FAMILY_ADDRESS_SIZE(q.family)) {
r = -EINVAL;
goto fail;
}
n_addresses++;
}
const char *canonical = p.name ?: name;
size_t alen = FAMILY_ADDRESS_SIZE(af);
size_t l = strlen(canonical);
size_t idx, ms = ALIGN(l + 1) + n_addresses * ALIGN(alen) + (n_addresses + 2) * sizeof(char*);
if (buflen < ms) {
UNPROTECT_ERRNO;
*errnop = ERANGE;
*h_errnop = NETDB_INTERNAL;
return NSS_STATUS_TRYAGAIN;
}
/* First, append name */
char *r_name = buffer;
memcpy(r_name, canonical, l+1);
idx = ALIGN(l+1);
/* Second, create empty aliases array */
char *r_aliases = buffer + idx;
((char**) r_aliases)[0] = NULL;
idx += sizeof(char*);
/* Third, append addresses */
char *r_addr = buffer + idx;
size_t i = 0;
JSON_VARIANT_ARRAY_FOREACH(entry, p.addresses) {
AddressParameters q = {};
r = json_dispatch(entry, address_parameters_dispatch_table, json_dispatch_flags, &q);
if (r < 0)
goto fail;
if (q.family != af)
continue;
if (q.address_size != alen) {
r = -EINVAL;
goto fail;
}
memcpy(r_addr + i*ALIGN(alen), &q.address, alen);
i++;
}
assert(i == n_addresses);
idx += n_addresses * ALIGN(alen);
/* Fourth, append address pointer array */
char *r_addr_list = buffer + idx;
for (i = 0; i < n_addresses; i++)
((char**) r_addr_list)[i] = r_addr + i*ALIGN(alen);
((char**) r_addr_list)[i] = NULL;
idx += (n_addresses + 1) * sizeof(char*);
assert(idx == ms);
result->h_name = r_name;
result->h_aliases = (char**) r_aliases;
result->h_addrtype = af;
result->h_length = alen;
result->h_addr_list = (char**) r_addr_list;
if (ttlp)
*ttlp = 0;
if (canonp)
*canonp = r_name;
/* Explicitly reset both *h_errnop and h_errno to work around
* https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1125975 */
*h_errnop = NETDB_SUCCESS;
h_errno = 0;
return NSS_STATUS_SUCCESS;
fail:
UNPROTECT_ERRNO;
*errnop = -r;
*h_errnop = NO_RECOVERY;
return NSS_STATUS_UNAVAIL;
not_found:
*h_errnop = HOST_NOT_FOUND;
return NSS_STATUS_NOTFOUND;
no_data:
*h_errnop = NO_DATA;
return NSS_STATUS_NOTFOUND;
try_again:
UNPROTECT_ERRNO;
*errnop = -r;
*h_errnop = TRY_AGAIN;
return NSS_STATUS_TRYAGAIN;
}
typedef struct ResolveAddressReply {
JsonVariant *names;
uint64_t flags;
} ResolveAddressReply;
static void resolve_address_reply_destroy(ResolveAddressReply *p) {
assert(p);
json_variant_unref(p->names);
}
static const JsonDispatch resolve_address_reply_dispatch_table[] = {
{ "names", JSON_VARIANT_ARRAY, json_dispatch_variant, offsetof(ResolveAddressReply, names), JSON_MANDATORY },
{ "flags", _JSON_VARIANT_TYPE_INVALID, json_dispatch_uint64, offsetof(ResolveAddressReply, flags), 0 },
{}
};
typedef struct NameParameters {
int ifindex;
char *name;
} NameParameters;
static void name_parameters_destroy(NameParameters *p) {
assert(p);
free(p->name);
}
static const JsonDispatch name_parameters_dispatch_table[] = {
{ "ifindex", JSON_VARIANT_INTEGER, json_dispatch_ifindex, offsetof(NameParameters, ifindex), 0 },
{ "name", JSON_VARIANT_STRING, json_dispatch_string, offsetof(NameParameters, name), JSON_MANDATORY },
{}
};
enum nss_status _nss_resolve_gethostbyaddr2_r(
const void* addr, socklen_t len,
int af,
struct hostent *result,
char *buffer, size_t buflen,
int *errnop, int *h_errnop,
int32_t *ttlp) {
_cleanup_(varlink_unrefp) Varlink *link = NULL;
_cleanup_(json_variant_unrefp) JsonVariant *cparams = NULL;
_cleanup_(resolve_address_reply_destroy) ResolveAddressReply p = {};
JsonVariant *rparams, *entry;
int r;
PROTECT_ERRNO;
NSS_ENTRYPOINT_BEGIN;
assert(addr);
assert(result);
assert(buffer);
assert(errnop);
assert(h_errnop);
if (!IN_SET(af, AF_INET, AF_INET6)) {
UNPROTECT_ERRNO;
*errnop = EAFNOSUPPORT;
*h_errnop = NO_DATA;
return NSS_STATUS_UNAVAIL;
}
if (len != FAMILY_ADDRESS_SIZE(af)) {
r = -EINVAL;
goto fail;
}
r = connect_to_resolved(&link);
if (r < 0)
goto fail;
r = json_build(&cparams, JSON_BUILD_OBJECT(JSON_BUILD_PAIR("address", JSON_BUILD_BYTE_ARRAY(addr, len)),
JSON_BUILD_PAIR("family", JSON_BUILD_INTEGER(af)),
JSON_BUILD_PAIR("flags", JSON_BUILD_UNSIGNED(query_flags()))));
if (r < 0)
goto fail;
const char* error_id;
r = varlink_call(link, "io.systemd.Resolve.ResolveAddress", cparams, &rparams, &error_id);
if (r < 0)
goto fail;
if (!isempty(error_id)) {
if (error_shall_try_again(error_id))
goto try_again;
if (error_shall_fallback(error_id))
goto fail;
goto not_found;
}
r = json_dispatch(rparams, resolve_address_reply_dispatch_table, json_dispatch_flags, &p);
if (r < 0)
goto fail;
if (json_variant_is_blank_object(p.names))
goto not_found;
size_t ms = 0, idx;
JSON_VARIANT_ARRAY_FOREACH(entry, p.names) {
_cleanup_(name_parameters_destroy) NameParameters q = {};
r = json_dispatch(entry, name_parameters_dispatch_table, json_dispatch_flags, &q);
if (r < 0)
goto fail;
ms += ALIGN(strlen(q.name) + 1);
}
size_t n_names = json_variant_elements(p.names);
ms += ALIGN(len) + /* the address */
2 * sizeof(char*) + /* pointer to the address, plus trailing NULL */
n_names * sizeof(char*); /* pointers to aliases, plus trailing NULL */
if (buflen < ms) {
UNPROTECT_ERRNO;
*errnop = ERANGE;
*h_errnop = NETDB_INTERNAL;
return NSS_STATUS_TRYAGAIN;
}
/* First, place address */
char *r_addr = buffer;
memcpy(r_addr, addr, len);
idx = ALIGN(len);
/* Second, place address list */
char *r_addr_list = buffer + idx;
((char**) r_addr_list)[0] = r_addr;
((char**) r_addr_list)[1] = NULL;
idx += sizeof(char*) * 2;
/* Third, reserve space for the aliases array, plus trailing NULL */
char *r_aliases = buffer + idx;
idx += sizeof(char*) * n_names;
/* Fourth, place aliases */
char *r_name = buffer + idx;
size_t i = 0;
JSON_VARIANT_ARRAY_FOREACH(entry, p.names) {
_cleanup_(name_parameters_destroy) NameParameters q = {};
r = json_dispatch(entry, name_parameters_dispatch_table, json_dispatch_flags, &q);
if (r < 0)
goto fail;
size_t l = strlen(q.name);
char *z = buffer + idx;
memcpy(z, q.name, l + 1);
if (i > 0)
((char**) r_aliases)[i - 1] = z;
i++;
idx += ALIGN(l + 1);
}
((char**) r_aliases)[n_names - 1] = NULL;
assert(idx == ms);
result->h_name = r_name;
result->h_aliases = (char**) r_aliases;
result->h_addrtype = af;
result->h_length = len;
result->h_addr_list = (char**) r_addr_list;
if (ttlp)
*ttlp = 0;
/* Explicitly reset both *h_errnop and h_errno to work around
* https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1125975 */
*h_errnop = NETDB_SUCCESS;
h_errno = 0;
return NSS_STATUS_SUCCESS;
fail:
UNPROTECT_ERRNO;
*errnop = -r;
*h_errnop = NO_RECOVERY;
return NSS_STATUS_UNAVAIL;
not_found:
*h_errnop = HOST_NOT_FOUND;
return NSS_STATUS_NOTFOUND;
try_again:
UNPROTECT_ERRNO;
*errnop = -r;
*h_errnop = TRY_AGAIN;
return NSS_STATUS_TRYAGAIN;
}
NSS_GETHOSTBYNAME_FALLBACKS(resolve);
NSS_GETHOSTBYADDR_FALLBACKS(resolve);
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