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<title>Overview of new features in Apache HTTP Server 2.0 - Apache HTTP Server</title>
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<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.5</p>
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<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="./">Version 2.5</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Overview of new features in Apache HTTP Server 2.0</h1>
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<p>This document describes some of the major changes between the
1.3 and 2.0 versions of the Apache HTTP Server.</p>
</div>
<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#core">Core Enhancements</a></li>
<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#module">Module Enhancements</a></li>
</ul><h3>See also</h3><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="upgrading.html">Upgrading to 2.0 from 1.3</a></li></ul><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="#comments_section">Comments</a></li></ul></div>
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="core" id="core">Core Enhancements</a></h2>
<dl>
<dt>Unix Threading</dt>
<dd>On Unix systems with POSIX threads support, Apache httpd can
now run in a hybrid multiprocess, multithreaded mode. This
improves scalability for many, but not all configurations.</dd>
<dt>New Build System</dt>
<dd>The build system has been rewritten from scratch to be
based on <code>autoconf</code> and <code>libtool</code>.
This makes Apache httpd's configuration system more similar to
that of other packages.</dd>
<dt>Multiprotocol Support</dt>
<dd>Apache HTTP Server now has some of the infrastructure in place to
support serving multiple protocols. <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_echo.html">mod_echo</a></code> has
been written as an example.</dd>
<dt>Better support for non-Unix
platforms</dt>
<dd>Apache HTTP Server 2.0 is faster and more stable on non-Unix
platforms such as BeOS, OS/2, and Windows. With the
introduction of platform-specific <a href="mpm.html">multi-processing modules</a> (MPMs) and the
Apache Portable Runtime (APR), these platforms are now
implemented in their native API, avoiding the often buggy and
poorly performing POSIX-emulation layers.</dd>
<dt>New Apache httpd API</dt>
<dd>The API for modules has changed significantly for 2.0.
Many of the module-ordering/-priority problems from 1.3 should
be gone. 2.0 does much of this automatically, and module ordering
is now done per-hook to allow more flexibility. Also, new calls
have been added that provide additional module capabilities
without patching the core Apache HTTP Server.</dd>
<dt>IPv6 Support</dt>
<dd>On systems where IPv6 is supported by the underlying
Apache Portable Runtime library, Apache httpd gets IPv6 listening
sockets by default. Additionally, the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mpm_common.html#listen">Listen</a></code>, <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#namevirtualhost">NameVirtualHost</a></code>, and <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#virtualhost">VirtualHost</a></code> directives support
IPv6 numeric address strings (e.g., "<code>Listen
[2001:db8::1]:8080</code>").</dd>
<dt>Filtering</dt>
<dd>Apache httpd modules may now be written as filters which act on
the stream of content as it is delivered to or from the
server. This allows, for example, the output of CGI scripts to
be parsed for Server Side Include directives using the
<code>INCLUDES</code> filter in <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_include.html">mod_include</a></code>. The
module <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_ext_filter.html">mod_ext_filter</a></code> allows external programs to
act as filters in much the same way that CGI programs can act as
handlers.</dd>
<dt>Multilanguage Error Responses</dt>
<dd>Error response messages to the browser are now provided in
several languages, using SSI documents. They may be customized
by the administrator to achieve a consistent look and feel.</dd>
<dt>Simplified configuration</dt>
<dd>Many confusing directives have been simplified. The often
confusing <code>Port</code> and <code>BindAddress</code> directives
are gone; only the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mpm_common.html#listen">Listen</a></code>
directive is used for IP address binding; the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#servername">ServerName</a></code> directive specifies the
server name and port number only for redirection and vhost
recognition.</dd>
<dt>Native Windows NT Unicode Support</dt>
<dd>Apache httpd 2.0 on Windows NT now uses utf-8 for all filename
encodings. These directly translate to the underlying Unicode
file system, providing multilanguage support for all Windows
NT-based installations, including Windows 2000 and Windows XP.
<em>This support does not extend to Windows 95, 98 or ME, which
continue to use the machine's local codepage for filesystem
access.</em></dd>
<dt>Regular Expression Library Updated</dt>
<dd>Apache httpd 2.0 includes the <a href="http://www.pcre.org/">Perl
Compatible Regular Expression Library</a> (PCRE). All regular
expression evaluation now uses the more powerful Perl 5
syntax.</dd>
</dl>
</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="module" id="module">Module Enhancements</a></h2>
<dl>
<dt><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_ssl.html">mod_ssl</a></code></dt>
<dd>New module in Apache httpd 2.0. This module is an interface
to the SSL/TLS encryption protocols provided by
OpenSSL.</dd>
<dt><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_dav.html">mod_dav</a></code></dt>
<dd>New module in Apache httpd 2.0. This module implements the HTTP
Distributed Authoring and Versioning (DAV) specification for
posting and maintaining web content.</dd>
<dt><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_deflate.html">mod_deflate</a></code></dt>
<dd>New module in Apache httpd 2.0. This module allows supporting
browsers to request that content be compressed before delivery,
saving network bandwidth.</dd>
<dt><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_auth_ldap.html">mod_auth_ldap</a></code></dt>
<dd>New module in Apache httpd 2.0.41. This module allows an LDAP
database to be used to store credentials for HTTP Basic
Authentication. A companion module, <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_ldap.html">mod_ldap</a></code>
provides connection pooling and results caching.</dd>
<dt><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_auth_digest.html">mod_auth_digest</a></code></dt>
<dd>Includes additional support for session caching across
processes using shared memory.</dd>
<dt><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_charset_lite.html">mod_charset_lite</a></code></dt>
<dd>New module in Apache httpd 2.0. This experimental module allows
for character set translation or recoding.</dd>
<dt><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_file_cache.html">mod_file_cache</a></code></dt>
<dd>New module in Apache httpd 2.0. This module includes the
functionality of <code>mod_mmap_static</code> in Apache HTTP
Server version 1.3, plus adds further caching abilities.</dd>
<dt><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_headers.html">mod_headers</a></code></dt>
<dd>This module is much more flexible in Apache httpd 2.0. It can now
modify request headers used by <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_proxy.html">mod_proxy</a></code>, and
it can conditionally set response headers.</dd>
<dt><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_proxy.html">mod_proxy</a></code></dt>
<dd>The proxy module has been completely rewritten to take
advantage of the new filter infrastructure and to implement a
more reliable, HTTP/1.1 compliant proxy. In addition, new
<code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_proxy.html#proxy"><Proxy></a></code>
configuration sections provide more readable (and internally
faster) control of proxied sites; overloaded <code><Directory
"proxy:..."></code> configuration are not supported. The module
is now divided into specific protocol support modules including
<code>proxy_connect</code>, <code>proxy_ftp</code> and
<code>proxy_http</code>.</dd>
<dt><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_negotiation.html">mod_negotiation</a></code></dt>
<dd>A new <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_negotiation.html#forcelanguagepriority">ForceLanguagePriority</a></code> directive can be used to assure that
the client receives a single document in all cases, rather than
NOT ACCEPTABLE or MULTIPLE CHOICES responses. In addition, the
negotiation and MultiViews algorithms have been cleaned up to
provide more consistent results and a new form of type map that
can include document content is provided.</dd>
<dt><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_autoindex.html">mod_autoindex</a></code></dt>
<dd>Autoindex'ed directory listings can now be configured to
use HTML tables for cleaner formatting, and allow finer-grained
control of sorting, including version-sorting, and wildcard
filtering of the directory listing.</dd>
<dt><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_include.html">mod_include</a></code></dt>
<dd>New directives allow the default start and end tags for SSI elements
to be changed and allow for error and time format configuration
to take place in the main configuration file rather than in the
SSI document. Results from regular expression parsing and grouping
(now based on Perl's regular expression syntax) can be retrieved
using <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_include.html">mod_include</a></code>'s variables <code>$0</code>
.. <code>$9</code>.</dd>
<dt><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_auth_dbm.html">mod_auth_dbm</a></code></dt>
<dd>Now supports multiple types of DBM-like databases using the
<a href="../2.0/mod/mod_auth_dbm.html#AuthDBMType"><code>AuthDBMType</code></a>
directive.</dd>
</dl>
</div></div>
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