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// Copyright (C) 2014-2021 Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")
//
// This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
// License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
// file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
#ifndef HOST_MGR_H
#define HOST_MGR_H
#include <asiolink/io_service.h>
#include <database/database_connection.h>
#include <dhcpsrv/base_host_data_source.h>
#include <dhcpsrv/cache_host_data_source.h>
#include <dhcpsrv/host.h>
#include <dhcpsrv/subnet_id.h>
#include <boost/noncopyable.hpp>
#include <boost/scoped_ptr.hpp>
#include <string>
namespace isc {
namespace dhcp {
/// @brief Host Manager.
///
/// This is a singleton class which provides access to multiple sources of
/// information about static host reservations. These sources are also referred
/// to as host data sources. Each source derives (directly or indirectly) from
/// the @c BaseHostDataSource.
///
/// The @c HostMgr is a central point for providing information about the host
/// reservations. Internally, it relays the queries (calls to the appropriate
/// methods declared in the @c BaseHostDataSource) to the data sources it is
/// connected to. The @c HostMgr is always connected to the server's
/// configuration, accessible through the @c CfgHosts object in the @c CfgMgr.
/// The @c CfgHosts object holds all reservations specified in the DHCP server
/// configuration file. If a particular reservation is not found in the
/// @c CfgHosts object, the @c HostMgr will try to find it using alternate
/// host data storages. An alternate host data storage is usually a database
/// (e.g. SQL database), accessible through a dedicated host data source
/// object (a.k.a. database backend). This datasource is responsible for
/// managing the connection with the database and forming appropriate queries
/// to retrieve (or update) the information about the reservations.
///
/// The use of alternate host data sources is optional and usually requires
/// additional configuration to be specified by the server administrator.
/// For example, for the SQL database the user's credentials, database address,
/// and database name are required. The @c HostMgr passes these parameters
/// to an appropriate datasource which is responsible for opening a connection
/// and maintaining it.
///
/// It is possible to switch to different alternate data sources or disable
/// the use of alternate datasources, e.g. as a result of server's
/// reconfiguration. However, the use of the primary host data source (i.e.
/// reservations specified in the configuration file) can't be disabled.
class HostMgr : public boost::noncopyable, public BaseHostDataSource {
public:
/// @brief Creates new instance of the @c HostMgr.
///
/// If an instance of the @c HostMgr already exists, it will be replaced
/// by the new instance. Thus, any instances of alternate host data
/// sources will be dropped.
///
static void create();
/// @brief Add an alternate host backend (aka host data source).
///
/// @param access Host backend access parameters for the alternate
/// host backend. It holds "keyword=value" pairs, separated by spaces.
///
/// The supported values are specific to the alternate backend in use.
/// However, the "type" parameter will be common and it will specify which
/// backend is to be used. Currently, no parameters are supported
/// and the parameter is ignored.
static void addBackend(const std::string& access);
/// @brief Delete an alternate host backend (aka host data source).
///
/// @param db_type database backend type.
/// @return true when found and removed, false when not found.
static bool delBackend(const std::string& db_type);
/// @brief Delete an alternate host backend (aka host data source).
///
/// @param db_type database backend type.
/// @param access Host backend access parameters for the alternate
/// host backend. It holds "keyword=value" pairs, separated by spaces.
/// @param if_unusable flag which indicates if the host data source should
/// be deleted only if it is unusable.
/// @return false when not removed because it is not found or because it is
/// still usable (if_unusable is true), true otherwise.
static bool delBackend(const std::string& db_type,
const std::string& access,
bool if_unusable = false);
/// @brief Delete all alternate backends.
static void delAllBackends();
/// @brief Check for the cache host backend.
///
/// Checks if the first host backend implements
/// the cache abstract class and sets cache_ptr_.
///
/// @param logging When true (not the default) emit an informational log.
/// @return true if the first host backend is a cache.
static bool checkCacheBackend(bool logging = false);
/// @brief Returns a sole instance of the @c HostMgr.
///
/// This method should be used to retrieve an instance of the @c HostMgr
/// to be used to gather/manage host reservations. It returns an instance
/// of the @c HostMgr created by the @c create method. If such instance
/// doesn't exist yet, it is created using the @c create method with the
/// default value of the data access string, which configures the host
/// manager to not use the alternate host data source.
static HostMgr& instance();
/// @brief Return all hosts connected to any subnet for which reservations
/// have been made using a specified identifier.
///
/// This method returns all @c Host objects representing reservations for
/// a specified identifier as documented in the
/// @c BaseHostDataSource::getAll.
///
/// It retrieves reservations from both primary and alternate host data
/// source as a single collection of @c Host objects, i.e. if matching
/// reservations are in both sources, all of them are returned. The
/// reservations from the primary data source are placed before the
/// reservations from the alternate source.
///
/// @param identifier_type Identifier type.
/// @param identifier_begin Pointer to a beginning of a buffer containing
/// an identifier.
/// @param identifier_len Identifier length.
///
/// @return Collection of const @c Host objects.
virtual ConstHostCollection
getAll(const Host::IdentifierType& identifier_type,
const uint8_t* identifier_begin,
const size_t identifier_len) const;
/// @brief Return all hosts in a DHCPv4 subnet.
///
/// This method returns all @c Host objects representing reservations
/// in a specified subnet as documented in the
/// @c BaseHostDataSource::getAll4
///
/// It retrieves reservations from both primary and alternate host data
/// source as a single collection of @c Host objects, i.e. if matching
/// reservations are in both sources, all of them are returned. The
/// reservations from the primary data source are placed before the
/// reservations from the alternate source.
///
/// @param subnet_id Subnet identifier.
///
/// @return Collection of const @c Host objects.
virtual ConstHostCollection
getAll4(const SubnetID& subnet_id) const;
/// @brief Return all hosts in a DHCPv6 subnet.
///
/// This method returns all @c Host objects representing reservations
/// in a specified subnet as documented in the
/// @c BaseHostDataSource::getAll6
///
/// It retrieves reservations from both primary and alternate host data
/// source as a single collection of @c Host objects, i.e. if matching
/// reservations are in both sources, all of them are returned. The
/// reservations from the primary data source are placed before the
/// reservations from the alternate source.
///
/// @param subnet_id Subnet identifier.
///
/// @return Collection of const @c Host objects.
virtual ConstHostCollection
getAll6(const SubnetID& subnet_id) const;
/// @brief Return all hosts with a hostname.
///
/// This method returns all @c Host objects which represent reservations
/// using a specified hostname.
///
/// @param hostname The lower case hostname.
///
/// @return Collection of const @c Host objects.
virtual ConstHostCollection
getAllbyHostname(const std::string& hostname) const;
/// @brief Return all hosts with a hostname in a DHCPv4 subnet.
///
/// This method returns all @c Host objects which represent reservations
/// using a specified hostname in a specified subnet.
///
/// @param hostname The lower case hostname.
/// @param subnet_id Subnet identifier.
///
/// @return Collection of const @c Host objects.
virtual ConstHostCollection
getAllbyHostname4(const std::string& hostname, const SubnetID& subnet_id) const;
/// @brief Return all hosts with a hostname in a DHCPv6 subnet.
///
/// This method returns all @c Host objects which represent reservations
/// using a specified hostname in a specified subnet.
///
/// @param hostname The lower case hostname.
/// @param subnet_id Subnet identifier.
///
/// @return Collection of const @c Host objects.
virtual ConstHostCollection
getAllbyHostname6(const std::string& hostname, const SubnetID& subnet_id) const;
/// @brief Returns range of hosts in a DHCPv4 subnet.
///
/// This method returns a page of @c Host objects representing
/// reservations in a specified subnet as documented in the
/// @c BaseHostDataSource::getPage4
///
/// The typical usage of this method is as follows:
/// - Get the first page of hosts by specifying zero index and id
/// as the beginning of the range.
/// - Index and last id of the returned range should be used as
/// starting index and id for the next page in the subsequent call.
/// - All returned hosts are from the same source so if the number of
/// hosts returned is lower than the page size, it does not indicate
/// that the last page has been retrieved.
/// - If there are no hosts returned it indicates that the previous page
/// was the last page.
///
/// @param subnet_id Subnet identifier.
/// @param source_index Index of the source.
/// @param lower_host_id Host identifier used as lower bound for the
/// returned range.
/// @param page_size maximum size of the page returned.
///
/// @return Host collection (may be empty).
virtual ConstHostCollection
getPage4(const SubnetID& subnet_id,
size_t& source_index,
uint64_t lower_host_id,
const HostPageSize& page_size) const;
/// @brief Returns range of hosts in a DHCPv6 subnet.
///
/// This method returns a page of @c Host objects representing
/// reservations in a specified subnet as documented in the
/// @c BaseHostDataSource::getPage6
///
/// The typical usage of this method is as follows:
/// - Get the first page of hosts by specifying zero index and id
/// as the beginning of the range.
/// - Index and last id of the returned range should be used as
/// starting index and id for the next page in the subsequent call.
/// - All returned hosts are from the same source so if the number of
/// hosts returned is lower than the page size, it does not indicate
/// that the last page has been retrieved.
/// - If there are no hosts returned it indicates that the previous page
/// was the last page.
///
/// @param subnet_id Subnet identifier.
/// @param source_index Index of the source.
/// @param lower_host_id Host identifier used as lower bound for the
/// returned range.
/// @param page_size maximum size of the page returned.
///
/// @return Host collection (may be empty).
virtual ConstHostCollection
getPage6(const SubnetID& subnet_id,
size_t& source_index,
uint64_t lower_host_id,
const HostPageSize& page_size) const;
/// @brief Returns range of hosts.
///
/// This method returns a page of @c Host objects representing
/// reservations as documented in the @c BaseHostDataSource::getPage4
///
/// The typical usage of this method is as follows:
/// - Get the first page of hosts by specifying zero index and id
/// as the beginning of the range.
/// - Index and last id of the returned range should be used as
/// starting index and id for the next page in the subsequent call.
/// - All returned hosts are from the same source so if the number of
/// hosts returned is lower than the page size, it does not indicate
/// that the last page has been retrieved.
/// - If there are no hosts returned it indicates that the previous page
/// was the last page.
///
/// @param source_index Index of the source.
/// @param lower_host_id Host identifier used as lower bound for the
/// returned range.
/// @param page_size maximum size of the page returned.
///
/// @return Host collection (may be empty).
virtual ConstHostCollection
getPage4(size_t& source_index,
uint64_t lower_host_id,
const HostPageSize& page_size) const;
/// @brief Returns range of hosts.
///
/// This method returns a page of @c Host objects representing
/// reservations as documented in the @c BaseHostDataSource::getPage6
///
/// The typical usage of this method is as follows:
/// - Get the first page of hosts by specifying zero index and id
/// as the beginning of the range.
/// - Index and last id of the returned range should be used as
/// starting index and id for the next page in the subsequent call.
/// - All returned hosts are from the same source so if the number of
/// hosts returned is lower than the page size, it does not indicate
/// that the last page has been retrieved.
/// - If there are no hosts returned it indicates that the previous page
/// was the last page.
///
/// @param source_index Index of the source.
/// @param lower_host_id Host identifier used as lower bound for the
/// returned range.
/// @param page_size maximum size of the page returned.
///
/// @return Host collection (may be empty).
virtual ConstHostCollection
getPage6(size_t& source_index,
uint64_t lower_host_id,
const HostPageSize& page_size) const;
/// @brief Returns a collection of hosts using the specified IPv4 address.
///
/// This method may return multiple @c Host objects if they are connected to
/// different subnets.
///
/// If matching reservations are both in the primary and the alternate
/// data source, all of them are returned. The reservations from the
/// primary data source are placed before the reservations from the
/// alternate source.
///
/// @param address IPv4 address for which the @c Host object is searched.
///
/// @return Collection of const @c Host objects.
virtual ConstHostCollection
getAll4(const asiolink::IOAddress& address) const;
/// @brief Returns any host connected to the IPv4 subnet.
///
/// This method returns a single reservation for a particular host as
/// documented in the @c BaseHostDataSource::get4 even when the
/// reservation is marked as from negative caching. This allows to
/// monitor negative caching.
///
/// @param subnet_id Subnet identifier.
/// @param identifier_type Identifier type.
/// @param identifier_begin Pointer to a beginning of a buffer containing
/// an identifier.
/// @param identifier_len Identifier length.
///
/// @return Const @c Host object for which reservation has been made using
/// the specified identifier.
virtual ConstHostPtr
get4Any(const SubnetID& subnet_id,
const Host::IdentifierType& identifier_type,
const uint8_t* identifier_begin,
const size_t identifier_len) const;
/// @brief Returns a host connected to the IPv4 subnet.
///
/// This method returns a single reservation for a particular host as
/// documented in the @c BaseHostDataSource::get4.
///
/// @param subnet_id Subnet identifier.
/// @param identifier_type Identifier type.
/// @param identifier_begin Pointer to a beginning of a buffer containing
/// an identifier.
/// @param identifier_len Identifier length.
///
/// @return Const @c Host object for which reservation has been made using
/// the specified identifier.
virtual ConstHostPtr
get4(const SubnetID& subnet_id, const Host::IdentifierType& identifier_type,
const uint8_t* identifier_begin, const size_t identifier_len) const;
/// @brief Returns a host connected to the IPv4 subnet and having
/// a reservation for a specified IPv4 address.
///
/// This method returns a single reservation for the particular host
/// (identified by the HW address or DUID) as documented in the
/// @c BaseHostDataSource::get4.
///
/// @param subnet_id Subnet identifier.
/// @param address reserved IPv4 address.
///
/// @return Const @c Host object using a specified IPv4 address.
virtual ConstHostPtr
get4(const SubnetID& subnet_id, const asiolink::IOAddress& address) const;
/// @brief Returns all hosts connected to the IPv4 subnet and having
/// a reservation for a specified address.
///
/// In most cases it is desired that there is at most one reservation
/// for a given IPv4 address within a subnet. In a default configuration,
/// the backend does not allow for inserting more than one host with
/// the same IPv4 reservation. In that case, the number of hosts returned
/// by this function is 0 or 1.
///
/// If the backend is configured to allow multiple hosts with reservations
/// for the same IPv4 address in the given subnet, this method can return
/// more than one host.
///
/// The typical use case when a single IPv4 address is reserved for multiple
/// hosts is when these hosts represent different interfaces of the same
/// machine and each interface comes with a different MAC address. In that
/// case, the same IPv4 address is assigned regardless of which interface is
/// used by the DHCP client to communicate with the server.
///
/// @param subnet_id Subnet identifier.
/// @param address reserved IPv4 address.
///
/// @return Collection of const @c Host objects.
virtual ConstHostCollection
getAll4(const SubnetID& subnet_id,
const asiolink::IOAddress& address) const;
/// @brief Returns any host connected to the IPv6 subnet.
///
/// This method returns a host connected to the IPv6 subnet as described
/// in the @c BaseHostDataSource::get6 even when the
/// reservation is marked as from negative caching. This allows to
/// monitor negative caching.
///
/// @param subnet_id Subnet identifier.
/// @param identifier_type Identifier type.
/// @param identifier_begin Pointer to a beginning of a buffer containing
/// an identifier.
/// @param identifier_len Identifier length.
///
/// @return Const @c Host object for which reservation has been made using
/// the specified identifier.
virtual ConstHostPtr
get6Any(const SubnetID& subnet_id,
const Host::IdentifierType& identifier_type,
const uint8_t* identifier_begin,
const size_t identifier_len) const;
/// @brief Returns a host connected to the IPv6 subnet.
///
/// This method returns a host connected to the IPv6 subnet as described
/// in the @c BaseHostDataSource::get6.
///
/// @param subnet_id Subnet identifier.
/// @param identifier_type Identifier type.
/// @param identifier_begin Pointer to a beginning of a buffer containing
/// an identifier.
/// @param identifier_len Identifier length.
///
/// @return Const @c Host object for which reservation has been made using
/// the specified identifier.
virtual ConstHostPtr
get6(const SubnetID& subnet_id, const Host::IdentifierType& identifier_type,
const uint8_t* identifier_begin, const size_t identifier_len) const;
/// @brief Returns a host using the specified IPv6 prefix.
///
/// This method returns a host using specified IPv6 prefix, as described
/// in the @c BaseHostDataSource::get6.
///
/// @param prefix IPv6 prefix for which the @c Host object is searched.
/// @param prefix_len IPv6 prefix length.
///
/// @return Const @c Host object using a specified IPv6 prefix.
virtual ConstHostPtr
get6(const asiolink::IOAddress& prefix, const uint8_t prefix_len) const;
/// @brief Returns a host from specific subnet and reserved address.
///
/// @param subnet_id subnet identifier.
/// @param addr specified address.
///
/// @return Const @c host object that has a reservation for specified address.
virtual ConstHostPtr
get6(const SubnetID& subnet_id, const asiolink::IOAddress& addr) const;
/// @brief Returns all hosts connected to the IPv6 subnet and having
/// a reservation for a specified address or delegated prefix (lease).
///
/// In most cases it is desired that there is at most one reservation
/// for a given IPv6 lease within a subnet. In a default configuration,
/// the backend does not allow for inserting more than one host with
/// the same IPv6 address or prefix. In that case, the number of hosts
/// returned by this function is 0 or 1.
///
/// If the backend is configured to allow multiple hosts with reservations
/// for the same IPv6 lease in the given subnet, this method can return
/// more than one host.
///
/// The typical use case when a single IPv6 lease is reserved for multiple
/// hosts is when these hosts represent different interfaces of the same
/// machine and each interface comes with a different MAC address. In that
/// case, the same IPv6 lease is assigned regardless of which interface is
/// used by the DHCP client to communicate with the server.
///
/// @param subnet_id Subnet identifier.
/// @param address reserved IPv6 address/prefix.
///
/// @return Collection of const @c Host objects.
virtual ConstHostCollection
getAll6(const SubnetID& subnet_id,
const asiolink::IOAddress& address) const;
/// @brief Adds a new host to the alternate data source.
///
/// This method will throw an exception if no alternate data source is
/// in use.
///
/// @param host Pointer to the new @c Host object being added.
virtual void add(const HostPtr& host);
/// @brief Attempts to delete hosts by address.
///
/// It deletes hosts from the first alternate source in which at least
/// one matching host is found. In unlikely case that the hosts having
/// the same IP address exist in other alternate sources, the hosts
/// from these other sources are not deleted.
///
/// This method supports both v4 and v6.
///
/// @param subnet_id subnet identifier.
/// @param addr specified address.
/// @return true if deletion was successful, false otherwise.
virtual bool del(const SubnetID& subnet_id, const asiolink::IOAddress& addr);
/// @brief Attempts to delete a host by (subnet4-id, identifier, identifier-type)
///
/// This method supports v4 only.
///
/// @param subnet_id IPv4 Subnet identifier.
/// @param identifier_type Identifier type.
/// @param identifier_begin Pointer to a beginning of a buffer containing
/// an identifier.
/// @param identifier_len Identifier length.
/// @return true if deletion was successful, false otherwise.
virtual bool
del4(const SubnetID& subnet_id, const Host::IdentifierType& identifier_type,
const uint8_t* identifier_begin, const size_t identifier_len);
/// @brief Attempts to delete a host by (subnet6-id, identifier, identifier-type)
///
/// This method supports v6 only.
///
/// @param subnet_id IPv6 Subnet identifier.
/// @param identifier_type Identifier type.
/// @param identifier_begin Pointer to a beginning of a buffer containing
/// an identifier.
/// @param identifier_len Identifier length.
/// @return true if deletion was successful, false otherwise.
virtual bool
del6(const SubnetID& subnet_id, const Host::IdentifierType& identifier_type,
const uint8_t* identifier_begin, const size_t identifier_len);
/// @brief Implements @ref BaseHostDataSource::update() for alternate sources.
///
/// Attempts to update an existing host entry.
///
/// @param host the host up to date with the requested changes
void update(HostPtr const& host);
/// @brief Return backend type
///
/// Returns the type of the backend (e.g. "mysql", "memfile" etc.)
///
/// @return Type of the backend.
virtual std::string getType() const {
return (std::string("host_mgr"));
}
/// @brief Returns the host data source list.
///
/// @return reference to the host data source list.
HostDataSourceList& getHostDataSourceList() {
return (alternate_sources_);
}
/// @brief Returns the first host data source.
///
/// May return NULL if the host data source list is empty.
/// @return pointer to the first host data source (or NULL).
HostDataSourcePtr getHostDataSource() const;
/// @brief Returns the negative caching flag.
///
/// @return the negative caching flag.
bool getNegativeCaching() const {
return (negative_caching_);
}
/// @brief Sets the negative caching flag.
///
void setNegativeCaching(bool negative_caching) {
negative_caching_ = negative_caching;
}
/// @brief Returns the disable single query flag.
///
/// @return the disable single query flag.
bool getDisableSingleQuery() const {
return (disable_single_query_);
}
/// @brief Sets the disable single query flag.
///
void setDisableSingleQuery(bool disable_single_query) {
disable_single_query_ = disable_single_query;
}
/// @brief Controls whether IP reservations are unique or non-unique.
///
/// In a typical case, the IP reservations are unique and backends verify
/// prior to adding a host reservation to the database that the reservation
/// for a given IP address/subnet does not exist. In some cases it may be
/// required to allow non-unique IP reservations, e.g. in the case when a
/// host has several interfaces and independently of which interface is used
/// by this host to communicate with the DHCP server the same IP address
/// should be assigned. In this case the @c unique value should be set to
/// false to disable the checks for uniqueness on the backend side.
///
/// Calling this function on @c HostMgr causes the manager to attempt to
/// set this flag on all backends in use.
///
/// @param unique boolean flag indicating if the IP reservations must be
/// unique or can be non-unique.
/// @return true if the new setting was accepted by the backend or false
/// otherwise.
virtual bool setIPReservationsUnique(const bool unique);
/// @brief Returns the boolean flag indicating if the IP reservations
/// must be unique or can be non-unique.
///
/// @return true if IP reservations must be unique or false if IP
/// reservations can be non-unique.
bool getIPReservationsUnique() const {
return (ip_reservations_unique_);
}
/// @brief Sets IO service to be used by the Host Manager.
///
/// @param io_service IOService object, used for all ASIO operations.
static void setIOService(const isc::asiolink::IOServicePtr& io_service) {
io_service_ = io_service;
}
/// @brief Returns pointer to the IO service.
static isc::asiolink::IOServicePtr& getIOService() {
return (io_service_);
}
protected:
/// @brief The negative caching flag.
///
/// When true and the first backend is a cache
/// negative answers are inserted in the cache.
/// This works for get[46] for a subnet and an identifier.
bool negative_caching_;
/// @brief The disable single query flag.
///
/// When true prevent the use of lookup methods returning a collection
/// aka single queries when methods returning a host object are usable
/// instead.
bool disable_single_query_;
/// @brief Cache an answer.
///
/// @param host Pointer to the missed host.
virtual void cache(ConstHostPtr host) const;
/// @brief Cache a negative answer.
///
/// @param ipv4_subnet_id Identifier of the IPv4 subnet.
/// @param ipv6_subnet_id Identifier of the IPv6 subnet.
/// @param identifier_type Identifier type.
/// @param identifier_begin Pointer to a beginning of the Identifier.
/// @param identifier_len Identifier length.
virtual void cacheNegative(const SubnetID& ipv4_subnet_id,
const SubnetID& ipv6_subnet_id,
const Host::IdentifierType& identifier_type,
const uint8_t* identifier_begin,
const size_t identifier_len) const;
private:
/// @brief Indicates if backends are running in the mode in which IP
/// reservations must be unique (true) or non-unique (false).
///
/// This flag is set to false only after calling @c setIPReservationsUnique
/// with the @c unique value set to false and after this setting was
/// successfully applied to all backends.
bool ip_reservations_unique_;
/// @brief Private default constructor.
HostMgr() : negative_caching_(false), disable_single_query_(false),
ip_reservations_unique_(true) { }
/// @brief List of alternate host data sources.
HostDataSourceList alternate_sources_;
/// @brief Pointer to the cache.
CacheHostDataSourcePtr cache_ptr_;
/// @brief Returns a pointer to the currently used instance of the
/// @c HostMgr.
static boost::scoped_ptr<HostMgr>& getHostMgrPtr();
/// The IOService object, used for all ASIO operations.
static isc::asiolink::IOServicePtr io_service_;
};
} // namespace dhcp
} // namespace isc
#endif // HOST_MGR_H
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