nsfs: iterate through mount namespaces

It is already possible to list mounts in other mount namespaces and to
retrieve namespace file descriptors without having to go through procfs
by deriving them from pidfds.

Augment these abilities by adding the ability to retrieve information
about a mount namespace via NS_MNT_GET_INFO. This will return the mount
namespace id and the number of mounts currently in the mount namespace.
The number of mounts can be used to size the buffer that needs to be
used for listmount() and is in general useful without having to actually
iterate through all the mounts. The structure is extensible.

And add the ability to iterate through all mount namespaces over which
the caller holds privilege returning the file descriptor for the next or
previous mount namespace.

To retrieve a mount namespace the caller must be privileged wrt to it's
owning user namespace. This means that PID 1 on the host can list all
mounts in all mount namespaces or that a container can list all mounts
of its nested containers.

Optionally pass a structure for NS_MNT_GET_INFO with
NS_MNT_GET_{PREV,NEXT} to retrieve information about the mount namespace
in one go. Both ioctls can be implemented for other namespace types
easily.

Together with recent api additions this means one can iterate through
all mounts in all mount namespaces without ever touching procfs.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240719-work-mount-namespace-v1-5-834113cab0d2@kernel.org
Reviewed-by: Josef Bacik <josef@toxicpanda.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>

1 files changed, 31 insertions, 4 deletions

diff --git a/fs/namespace.c b/fs/namespace.c
index 1a0b9e3089a2..3dabe49f7376 100644
--- a/fs/namespace.c
+++ b/fs/namespace.c
@@ -2060,14 +2060,41 @@ static bool is_mnt_ns_file(struct dentry *dentry)
 	       dentry->d_fsdata == &mntns_operations;
 }
 
-static struct mnt_namespace *to_mnt_ns(struct ns_common *ns)
+struct ns_common *from_mnt_ns(struct mnt_namespace *mnt)
 {
-	return container_of(ns, struct mnt_namespace, ns);
+	return &mnt->ns;
 }
 
-struct ns_common *from_mnt_ns(struct mnt_namespace *mnt)
+struct mnt_namespace *__lookup_next_mnt_ns(struct mnt_namespace *mntns, bool previous)
 {
-	return &mnt->ns;
+	guard(read_lock)(&mnt_ns_tree_lock);
+	for (;;) {
+		struct rb_node *node;
+
+		if (previous)
+			node = rb_prev(&mntns->mnt_ns_tree_node);
+		else
+			node = rb_next(&mntns->mnt_ns_tree_node);
+		if (!node)
+			return ERR_PTR(-ENOENT);
+
+		mntns = node_to_mnt_ns(node);
+		node = &mntns->mnt_ns_tree_node;
+
+		if (!ns_capable_noaudit(mntns->user_ns, CAP_SYS_ADMIN))
+			continue;
+
+		/*
+		 * Holding mnt_ns_tree_lock prevents the mount namespace from
+		 * being freed but it may well be on it's deathbed. We want an
+		 * active reference, not just a passive one here as we're
+		 * persisting the mount namespace.
+		 */
+		if (!refcount_inc_not_zero(&mntns->ns.count))
+			continue;
+
+		return mntns;
+	}
 }
 
 static bool mnt_ns_loop(struct dentry *dentry)