path: root/man/networkctl.xml

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<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
  "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd">
<!-- SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later -->

<refentry id="networkctl" conditional='ENABLE_NETWORKD'
          xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">

  <refentryinfo>
    <title>networkctl</title>
    <productname>systemd</productname>
  </refentryinfo>

  <refmeta>
    <refentrytitle>networkctl</refentrytitle>
    <manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
  </refmeta>

  <refnamediv>
    <refname>networkctl</refname>
    <refpurpose>Query or modify the status of network links</refpurpose>
  </refnamediv>

  <refsynopsisdiv>
    <cmdsynopsis>
      <command>networkctl</command>
      <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">OPTIONS</arg>
      <arg choice="plain">COMMAND</arg>
      <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">LINK</arg>
    </cmdsynopsis>
  </refsynopsisdiv>

  <refsect1>
    <title>Description</title>

    <para><command>networkctl</command> may be used to query or modify the
    state of the network links as seen by
    <command>systemd-networkd</command>.  Please refer to
    <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-networkd.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>
    for an introduction to the basic concepts, functionality, and
    configuration syntax.</para>
  </refsect1>

  <refsect1>
    <title>Commands</title>

    <para>The following commands are understood:</para>

    <variablelist>
      <varlistentry>
        <term>
          <command>list</command>
          <optional><replaceable>PATTERN…</replaceable></optional>
        </term>

        <listitem>
          <para>Show a list of existing links and their status. If one or more
          <replaceable>PATTERN</replaceable>s are specified, only links matching one of them are shown.
          If no further arguments are specified shows all links,
          otherwise just the specified links. Produces output similar to:

          <programlisting>IDX LINK         TYPE     OPERATIONAL SETUP
  1 lo           loopback carrier     unmanaged
  2 eth0         ether    routable    configured
  3 virbr0       ether    no-carrier  unmanaged
  4 virbr0-nic   ether    off         unmanaged

4 links listed.</programlisting></para>

        <para>The operational status is one of the following:
            <variablelist>
              <varlistentry>
                <term>missing</term>
                <listitem>
                    <para>the device is missing</para>
                </listitem>
              </varlistentry>
              <varlistentry>
                <term>off</term>
                <listitem>
                  <para>the device is powered down</para>
                </listitem>
              </varlistentry>
              <varlistentry>
                <term>no-carrier</term>
                <listitem>
                  <para>the device is powered up, but it does not yet have a carrier</para>
                </listitem>
              </varlistentry>
              <varlistentry>
                <term>dormant</term>
                <listitem>
                  <para>the device has a carrier, but is not yet ready for normal traffic</para>
                </listitem>
              </varlistentry>
              <varlistentry>
                <term>degraded-carrier</term>
                <listitem>
                  <para>one of the bonding or bridge slave network interfaces is in off, no-carrier, or dormant state, and the master interface has no address.</para>
                </listitem>
              </varlistentry>
              <varlistentry>
                <term>carrier</term>
                <listitem>
                  <para>the link has a carrier, or for bond or bridge master, all bonding or bridge slave
                  network interfaces are enslaved to the master</para>
                </listitem>
              </varlistentry>
              <varlistentry>
                <term>degraded</term>
                <listitem>
                  <para>the link has carrier and addresses valid on the local link configured. For bond or
                  bridge master this means that not all slave network interfaces have carrier but at least
                  one does.</para>
                </listitem>
              </varlistentry>
              <varlistentry>
                <term>enslaved</term>
                <listitem>
                  <para>the link has carrier and is enslaved to bond or bridge master network interface</para>
                </listitem>
              </varlistentry>
              <varlistentry>
                <term>routable</term>
                <listitem>
                  <para>the link has carrier and routable address configured. For bond or bridge master it is
                  not necessary for all slave network interfaces to have carrier, but at least one must.</para>
                </listitem>
              </varlistentry>
            </variablelist>
        </para>

        <para>The setup status is one of the following:
            <variablelist>
              <varlistentry>
                <term>pending</term>
                <listitem>
                  <para>udev is still processing the link, we don't yet know if we will manage it</para>
                </listitem>
              </varlistentry>
              <varlistentry>
                <term>initialized</term>
                <listitem>
                  <para>udev has processed the link, but we don't yet know if we will manage it</para>
                </listitem>
              </varlistentry>
              <varlistentry>
                <term>configuring</term>
                <listitem>
                  <para>in the process of retrieving configuration or configuring the link</para>
                </listitem>
              </varlistentry>
              <varlistentry>
                <term>configured</term>
                <listitem>
                  <para>link configured successfully</para>
                </listitem>
              </varlistentry>
              <varlistentry>
                <term>unmanaged</term>
                <listitem>
                  <para>networkd is not handling the link</para>
                </listitem>
              </varlistentry>
              <varlistentry>
                <term>failed</term>
                <listitem>
                  <para>networkd failed to manage the link</para>
                </listitem>
              </varlistentry>
              <varlistentry>
                <term>linger</term>
                <listitem>
                  <para>the link is gone, but has not yet been dropped by networkd</para>
                </listitem>
              </varlistentry>
            </variablelist>
        </para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term>
          <command>status</command>
          <optional><replaceable>PATTERN…</replaceable></optional>
        </term>

        <listitem>
          <para>Show information about the specified links: type, state, kernel module driver, hardware and
          IP address, configured DNS servers, etc. If one or more <replaceable>PATTERN</replaceable>s are
          specified, only links matching one of them are shown.</para>

          <para>When no links are specified, an overall network status is shown. Also see the option
          <option>--all</option>.</para>

          <para>Produces output similar to:
          <programlisting>
●        State: routable
  Online state: online
       Address: 10.193.76.5 on eth0
                192.168.122.1 on virbr0
                169.254.190.105 on eth0
                fe80::5054:aa:bbbb:cccc on eth0
       Gateway: 10.193.11.1 (CISCO SYSTEMS, INC.) on eth0
           DNS: 8.8.8.8
                8.8.4.4</programlisting></para>

          <para>In the overall network status, the online state depends on the individual online state of all
          required links. Managed links are required for online by default. In this case, the online state is
          one of the following:
          <variablelist>
            <varlistentry>
              <term>unknown</term>
              <listitem>
                <para>all links have unknown online status (i.e. there are no required links)</para>
              </listitem>
            </varlistentry>
            <varlistentry>
              <term>offline</term>
              <listitem>
                <para>all required links are offline</para>
              </listitem>
            </varlistentry>
            <varlistentry>
              <term>partial</term>
              <listitem>
                <para>some, but not all, required links are online</para>
              </listitem>
            </varlistentry>
            <varlistentry>
              <term>online</term>
              <listitem>
                <para>all required links are online</para>
              </listitem>
            </varlistentry>
          </variablelist>
          </para>
        </listitem>

      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term>
          <command>lldp</command>
          <optional><replaceable>PATTERN…</replaceable></optional>
        </term>

        <listitem>
          <para>Show discovered LLDP (Link Layer Discovery Protocol) neighbors. If one or more
          <replaceable>PATTERN</replaceable>s are specified only neighbors on those interfaces are shown.
          Otherwise shows discovered neighbors on all interfaces. Note that for this feature to work,
          <varname>LLDP=</varname> must be turned on for the specific interface, see
          <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.network</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> for
          details.</para>

          <para>Produces output similar to:
          <programlisting>LINK             CHASSIS ID        SYSTEM NAME      CAPS        PORT ID           PORT DESCRIPTION
enp0s25          00:e0:4c:00:00:00 GS1900           ..b........ 2                 Port #2

Capability Flags:
o - Other; p - Repeater;  b - Bridge; w - WLAN Access Point; r - Router;
t - Telephone; d - DOCSIS cable device; a - Station; c - Customer VLAN;
s - Service VLAN, m - Two-port MAC Relay (TPMR)

1 neighbors listed.</programlisting></para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term>
          <command>label</command>
        </term>

        <listitem><para>Show numerical address labels that can be used for address selection.
        This is the same information that
        <citerefentry project='die-net'><refentrytitle>ip-addrlabel</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>
        shows. See <ulink url="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3484">RFC 3484</ulink>
        for a discussion of address labels.</para>

        <para>Produces output similar to:
        <programlisting>Prefix/Prefixlen                          Label
        ::/0                                  1
    fc00::/7                                  5
    fec0::/10                                11
    2002::/16                                 2
    3ffe::/16                                12
 2001:10::/28                                 7
    2001::/32                                 6
::ffff:0.0.0.0/96                             4
        ::/96                                 3
       ::1/128                                0</programlisting></para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

       <varlistentry>
        <term>
          <command>delete</command>
          <replaceable>DEVICE…</replaceable>
        </term>
        <listitem><para>Deletes virtual netdevs. Takes interface name or index number.</para></listitem>
      </varlistentry>

       <varlistentry>
        <term>
          <command>up</command>
          <replaceable>DEVICE…</replaceable>
        </term>
        <listitem><para>Bring devices up. Takes interface name or index number.</para></listitem>
      </varlistentry>

       <varlistentry>
        <term>
          <command>down</command>
          <replaceable>DEVICE…</replaceable>
        </term>
        <listitem><para>Bring devices down. Takes interface name or index number.</para></listitem>
      </varlistentry>

       <varlistentry>
        <term>
          <command>renew</command>
          <replaceable>DEVICE…</replaceable>
        </term>
        <listitem><para>Renew dynamic configurations e.g. addresses received from DHCP server.
        Takes interface name or index number.</para></listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term>
          <command>forcerenew</command>
          <replaceable>DEVICE…</replaceable>
        </term>
        <listitem><para>Send a FORCERENEW message to all connected clients, triggering DHCP reconfiguration.
        Takes interface name or index number.</para></listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term>
          <command>reconfigure</command>
          <replaceable>DEVICE…</replaceable>
        </term>
        <listitem><para>Reconfigure network interfaces. Takes interface name or index number. Note that
        this does not reload <filename>.netdev</filename> or <filename>.network</filename>
        corresponding to the specified interface. So, if you edit config files, it is necessary to call
        <command>networkctl reload</command> first to apply new settings.</para></listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term>
          <command>reload</command>
        </term>
        <listitem><para>Reload <filename>.netdev</filename> and <filename>.network</filename> files.
        If a new <filename>.netdev</filename> file is found, then the corresponding netdev is created.
        Note that even if an existing <filename>.netdev</filename> is modified or removed,
        <command>systemd-networkd</command> does not update or remove the netdev.
        If a new, modified or removed <filename>.network</filename> file is found, then all interfaces
        which match the file are reconfigured.</para></listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term>
          <command>edit</command>
          <replaceable>FILE</replaceable>|<replaceable>@DEVICE</replaceable>…
        </term>
        <listitem><para>Edit network configuration files, which include <filename>.network</filename>,
        <filename>.netdev</filename>, and <filename>.link</filename> files. If no network config file
        matching the given name is found, a new one will be created under <filename>/etc/</filename>.
        Specially, if the name is prefixed by <literal>@</literal>, it will be treated as
        a network interface, and editing will be performed on the network config files associated
        with it. Additionally, the interface name can be suffixed with <literal>:network</literal> (default)
        or <literal>:link</literal>, in order to choose the type of network config to operate on.</para>

        <para>If <option>--drop-in=</option> is specified, edit the drop-in file instead of
        the main configuration file. Unless <option>--no-reload</option> is specified,
        <command>systemd-networkd</command> will be reloaded after the edit of the
        <filename>.network</filename> or <filename>.netdev</filename> files finishes.
        The same applies for <filename>.link</filename> files and <command>systemd-udevd</command>.
        Note that the changed link settings are not automatically applied after reloading.
        To achieve that, trigger uevents for the corresponding interface. Refer to
        <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.link</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
        for more information.</para></listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term>
          <command>cat</command>
          <replaceable>FILE</replaceable>|<replaceable>@DEVICE</replaceable>…
        </term>
        <listitem><para>Show network configuration files. This command honors
        the <literal>@</literal> prefix in the same way as <command>edit</command>.</para></listitem>
      </varlistentry>
    </variablelist>
  </refsect1>

  <refsect1>
    <title>Options</title>

    <para>The following options are understood:</para>

    <variablelist>
      <varlistentry>
        <term>
          <option>-a</option>
          <option>--all</option>
        </term>

        <listitem>
          <para>Show all links with <command>status</command>.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term>
          <option>-s</option>
          <option>--stats</option>
        </term>

        <listitem>
          <para>Show link statistics with <command>status</command>.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term><option>-l</option></term>
        <term><option>--full</option></term>

        <listitem>
          <para>Do not ellipsize the output.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term><option>-n</option></term>
        <term><option>--lines=</option></term>

        <listitem>
          <para>When used with <command>status</command>, controls the number of journal lines to show,
          counting from the most recent ones. Takes a positive integer argument. Defaults to 10.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term><option>--drop-in=</option></term>
        <replaceable>NAME</replaceable>

        <listitem>
          <para>When used with <command>edit</command>, edit the drop-in file <replaceable>NAME</replaceable>
          instead of the main configuration file.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term><option>--no-reload</option></term>

        <listitem>
          <para>When used with <command>edit</command>, <command>systemd-networkd</command>
          or <command>systemd-udevd</command> will not be reloaded after the editing finishes.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <xi:include href="standard-options.xml" xpointer="json" />
      <xi:include href="standard-options.xml" xpointer="help" />
      <xi:include href="standard-options.xml" xpointer="version" />
      <xi:include href="standard-options.xml" xpointer="no-legend" />
      <xi:include href="standard-options.xml" xpointer="no-pager" />

    </variablelist>
  </refsect1>

  <refsect1>
    <title>Exit status</title>

    <para>On success, 0 is returned, a non-zero failure code otherwise.</para>
  </refsect1>

  <refsect1>
    <title>See Also</title>
    <para>
      <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-networkd.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
      <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.network</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
      <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.netdev</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
      <citerefentry project='die-net'><refentrytitle>ip</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>
    </para>
  </refsect1>
</refentry>